XXIII.

Contradiction and contention irritate a man into exaggerating his

statement. By contradicting your opponent you may drive him into

extending beyond its proper limits a statement which, at all events

within those limits and in itself, is true; and when you refute this

exaggerated form of it, you look as though you had also refuted his

original statement. Contrarily, you must take care not to allow

yourself to be misled by contradictions into exaggerating or extending

a statement of your own. It will often happen that your opponent will

himself directly try to extend your statement further than you meant

it; here you must at once stop him, and bring him back to the limits

which you set up; "That's what I said, and no more."

The Essays of Arthur Schopenhauer; the Art of Controversy · 第 35 / 55 题