KINDERGARTEN MATERIALS
The Kindergarten Occupations
The kindergarten gifts proceed, as will have been observed, from the
solid through other forms to the point. The objects made with these are
but temporary, and the same material may be used again and again.
Parallel with these Froebel devised what he calls the "occupations,"
which put into permanent shape the ideas expressed by the gifts.
Among the occupations (we will not name all) are: Peaswork, pricking,
sewing, weaving, parquetry, pasting, cardboard modeling, sand and clay
modeling.
These are arranged in reverse order to the gifts; that is, they proceed
from the point to the solid.
=Peaswork= (_Good well-dried peas_, _wooden toothpicks or hair-wire_)
Soak the peas for 10 or 12 hours till soft. Then make a cane of one pea
and one stick.
Two peas and one stick will make a dumb-bell.
Three of each will make a triangle.
Make a square in the same way, and then by adding to this other peas and
sticks a skeleton chair can be made. All kinds of furniture and
geometrical forms may be thus manufactured. The wire or toothpick must
be inserted in the cheek of the pea. Watch the child carefully to see
that he does not get nervous over the work. Assuming that the peas are
in good condition, there should be little trouble if the forms made are
simple.
=Pricking= (_Thin white cardboard_, _long pin_, _several folds of cloth
or a piece of felt_)
Froebel recognized the appeal this pastime makes to the mystery-loving
child. As sometimes used it may be injurious to nerves or eyesight; but
used judiciously the child of five or six will find it a source of
harmless entertainment.
Let mother or older brother draw on cardboard a simple strong outline.
Provide a strong steel pin (hat-pin or mourning-pin will do) and a piece
of folded cloth for a cushion. Follow the outline by pricking in it a
succession of holes. The rough side is the right side of the decorated
card. The card may be hung up as a transparency, or may be made up into
blotter or calendar; or, if the outline be that of a vegetable or a
fruit, it will make up into a Thanksgiving place card.
Very beautiful effects are produced by pricking the surface as well as
the outline, a form of embossing, but this is a great strain on the
nerves. Let the child work for only a few moments at a time, and be sure
that the light is good and the drawing is distinct.
=Sewing= (_Cardboard_, _worsted_, _silk or chenille_, _needle_, _punch_)
It is a disputed question now whether or not the cardboard sewing of the
kindergarten, once considered so essential, should be used at all. Some
condemn it entirely; others use it sparingly. Many replace it with
sewing on cloth and other materials soft and flexible, which lend
themselves to the kind of stitching required later in everyday sewing.
We cannot now enter into the discussion, but common-sense rules here as
elsewhere.
Cards with designs already drawn and perforated may be bought, but the
mother need not feel that she must depend upon these. Old visiting and
invitation cards may be used for the purpose. We give a few examples of
objects pretty and useful which may be made of this material. These will
suggest others to the active-minded child. Get punch at kindergarten
supply store; from 50 cents up.
1. Gift Card. Cut a square of cardboard 5 x 5 inches. With a needleful
of red worsted let the child sew upon this card three straight candles
in stitches one inch long. You may first punch in the bottom of the card
three holes as guides. Put them in a row equidistant from each other.
Make parallel to these a row of three dots in pencil. The child will
push the needle through one hole _from below_ and put it through the dot
above, making his own hole. So proceed till finished. A flame may be
drawn with yellow chalk at the upper end of each candle, to make it more
realistic. This card may be used to stand a candlestick upon, or to send
as a birthday card.
A similar card with the red stitches lying horizontally will picture
firecrackers ready to be set off. Use as a mat for a match safe.
2. Cover for Medicine Glass. Draw a circle five inches in diameter. Cut
this out. Parallel to the edge draw a circle four inches in diameter.
Make dots about 1/2 inch apart along this second circle. Punch holes
through these dots. With worsted, ravelings or chenille let the child
sew once around this circle. Then go around the other way to fill up all
the gaps left the first time. Use as cover for glass of medicine. Line
the bottom with clean, white paper.
Vary by overcasting, or from a central hole take long radiating stitches
to the holes in the circumference like the spokes of a wheel.
3. Toy Umbrella. The above circle with spokes may be made into a toy
umbrella if a slender stick be run through for a handle. Stick a pin
about an inch from the top to keep the umbrella part from slipping down.
4. Bookmark. Cut an oblong card 2 x 6 inches. Draw upon this a row of
parallel oblique lines about one inch apart and one inch long. Punch
holes through the ends of the lines at the bottom, sew one slanting line
to show the child, and let him finish the row. A similar oblong will
make a napkin ring if the ends be brought together and tied with the
ends of the worsted.
Squares, oblongs, crosses, etc., may thus be punched and sewed.
If no punch is obtainable, make the holes with a coarse needle or strong
pin.
=Paper Tearing= (See page 54)
=Paper Cutting=
This is another Froebelian occupation. Some suggestions have been given
elsewhere. (See page 54.) We will speak here of a more definite series
of progressive steps.
Take a square of white paper. Fold once to make an oblong. Keep folded
and fold once more, which gives a small square. From the corners of this
square cut pieces, large or small. Keep these. Open the paper and lay it
down. Then arrange around it the cut-off corners to make a design. They
may be arranged in a variety of ways. The pieces cut off the corners
may be of various shapes.
Vary another square by cutting into it, after it has been folded,
triangles or other figures. Open and arrange around it these cut-off
pieces. When a satisfactory design has thus been made, it may be pasted
on a pleasing background of paper.
In kindergarten training, checked paper is provided and the cuttings are
made from lines drawn upon this according to a progressive system.
=Parquetry= (_Colored papers_, _paste_, _kindergarten slat or match for
paste-stick_)
This occupation has its parallel in the tablets. The designs made
temporarily with the circles, squares, etc., of wood may be put into
more permanent form with the parquetry papers. These are circles,
squares, triangles, etc., of colored papers, the unit of size being the
inch. There are 1,000 in a package, embracing the six colors--red,
orange, yellow, green, blue and violet, with two shades and two tints of
each, besides neutral tones, and black and white.
1. Easter Card. Give the child an oblong piece of gray cardboard, six
inches long, and some yellow circles. Let him paste a row of circles for
dandelion heads and then chalk in the green stems. Give to father for an
Easter card.
Red and yellow circles may be cut in half and so arranged as to suggest
tulips. (See page 122.)
2. Frieze. Let the child make designs for a frieze for the doll-house
parlor, arranging circles and squares successively or alternately on a
strip of paper. Or he can make a design for the doll-house kitchen
oilcloth by pasting squares or circles (one square or circle surrounded
by others) in a square unit.
An inexpensive paste for this work may be made of gum tragacanth. Buy
five cents' worth of the powdered gum. Put a tablespoonful into an empty
mucilage bottle and fill with water. In a few moments it will dissolve
and thicken. Use more or less, according to thickness desired.
=Weaving= (_Colored kindergarten weaving mats_, _weaving needle_)
This is one of the most popular of kindergarten occupations.
Primitive man early learned to interlace the branches of trees to make
for himself a shelter, and to weave together coarse fibres to make his
crude garments. In course of ages great skill was acquired in thus using
all kinds of flexible materials; artistic baskets were produced of
raffia and reeds, and fine garments of linen, wool and cotton. Beautiful
effects in color and form were introduced, the designs usually having a
symbolic meaning.
Froebel devised, for the expression of this natural tendency, a series
of exercises with colored paper, which gave practice in selection of
color harmonies, in designing, in counting, and which led to skill and
neatness in work.
Loom-weaving has been described on another page. (90.) In many
kindergartens it now entirely supersedes the paper-weaving, which we
will here briefly describe.
1. If you do not care to buy the regular kindergarten weaving mats, you
may use smooth gray or brown wrapping paper cut into four-inch squares.
In such a square cut _two_ slits 1/2 inch apart and one inch long. From
some pretty paper cut a strip one inch wide and two inches long and
insert in the slit in the mat, pasting the ends of the strip to the
under side of the mat.
2. Cut _three_ or _four_ slits in similar mats and weave into them
one-inch or half-inch strips, using narrower ones as the child gains
skill. Weave such a strip under one and over one; then weave another,
under two and over two, etc.; thus a variety of effects may be produced
and the child meanwhile has practice incidentally in simple counting.
Such a mat may be used to cover a glass of drinking water or medicine
glass.
3. A larger mat may be made of pretty paper cut into comparatively fine
slits. Paste upon this mat a square of smooth paper as a kind of lining;
fold cornerwise and paste two edges together, making a kind of
cornucopia.
4. Scent-Bag. A scent-bag may be made by putting between the mat and the
lining described above a thin piece of cotton-batting, sprinkled with
scent.
5. Oilcloth or Felt. Instead of paper, mats may be woven of plain
oilcloth or of felt. Have two colors of each material, one for the mat
and one for the strips.
On a 5-inch square of the material draw four parallel lines one inch
apart and one inch from the top and bottom. Then using these as guide
lines, cut four slits and weave in and out as with the paper weaving.
Ribbon may be used for the woof if desired. Such a mat may be used for a
lamp-mat or for a flower-pot mat.
Among the reasons for discarding the paper-weaving are the following:
The colors are somewhat intense, and it is not always easy to secure
good harmonies; the care necessary to avoid tearing the delicate paper
and soiling the delicate colors is often a trial to highly-strung
children. Therefore they should not work at it too long at a time. A
weaving needle comes with the kindergarten weaving papers.
=Paper-Folding=
We give here _only a very few_ of the innumerable forms which may be
made by folding paper according to exact directions. Mother may conduct
such a little play while she is sewing and the child is on the floor or
at the table. But directions must be exact and explicit. After once
having told what to do in quiet, distinct, clear language, do not
repeat. Train the child to hear accurately the first time.
Papers in many tones may be obtained from the kindergarten supply
stores, but any exact square of white paper or of smooth brown wrapping
paper will do.
Place the simple open square before the child, the edge directly in
front of him. Call it a tablecloth and ask where the different members
of the family sit. If able to wield the scissors, let him fringe the
edge all around.
1. Book. Give a second square and, showing him which are the front
corners, tell him to take hold of these and fold the paper over so that
the front edge is just on a line with the back edge. Let him iron the
table cloth (crease the fold with his thumb nail) so as to make a sharp
line when opened. This makes a little book or tent. Ask what he can read
in the book; who camps out in the tent; etc.
2. Window. Make another tent. Keep the tent in front of the child and
tell him to open it and then to fold the left side over so that the left
edge exactly meets the right edge. Crease and open, and the result is a
window with four panes. Have the child tell what he plays he can see
through it.
3. Tunnel. Fold a square once through the middle as before. Open and
notice the sharp line made by the crease. Now fold the front edge to
meet exactly _this line_. Open and then fold the back edge to meet this
line. Open in such a way that the form when standing makes a little
tunnel. Roll a marble under it.
[Illustration: Paper-Folding.]
4. Barn. Fold a square into sixteen little squares by making a tunnel in
one direction and then folding a tunnel in the other direction, so that
the creases cross each other at right angles. Open out and cut from the
_left edge_ and from the _right edge_ three slits along the horizontal
creases to the first intersecting vertical crease. (See illustration.)
Now fold No. 1 over No. 2 so that one little square exactly covers the
other and paste or pin together. Do the same at the other end. This
draws the paper into shape of gable roof. Place remaining flaps so that
one overlaps the other a trifle, as shown in the illustration. Then cut
a door in the side. (See illustration.) This can be made of a large
sheet of strong paper and will house very large paper animals.
5. Sailboat. Place a square of paper directly in front of you. Fold the
front edge backward to meet exactly the back edge and crease. Open and
fold the left edge over to meet exactly the right edge and crease. Open.
Turn the paper over so that _the under side is uppermost_, and place so
that a _corner_ is directly in front of you. Fold the paper so that the
front corner exactly meets the back corner and crease. Open and fold so
that the left corner exactly meets the right corner.
You now have a square crossed by two diameters and by two diagonals.
Number the _corners_ thus: 1, 2, 3, 4, and the _center_ 0. Take the
corners and hold in one hand so that 1-0, 2-0, 3-0 and 4-0 are back to
back. Then crease in that position. The form is a square. Lay down so
that the _folded corner_ faces you. Fold the loose back corner down to
meet the front corner. Then turn over and again fold the remaining back
corner down to meet the front corner, and two sails become visible. Fold
back one-half of the hull to make a base, and the little boat will stand
and move if breathed upon. It can be made water-tight by dipping in
melted paraffine. Melt the paraffine by putting it in a double boiler
with boiling water beneath.
=Cardboard Modeling= (_Cardboard_, _knife_, _pencil_, _scissors_)
This is another of Froebel's materials which is much used in the
kindergarten. The regular kindergarten cardboard comes in large sheets
measured off into inches, half inches and quarter inches by red and
blue lines. These are to assist in the accurate cutting and folding of
the stiff paper. The tinted Bristol board obtainable at stationery
stores is also much used.
With this simple material older children acquire skill of both hand and
eye. The higher school grades are now using it to a great extent in
making geometrical figures, thus gaining practice in making objects
after first making the working drawings for the same. A tinsmith who has
had kindergarten training will find himself better equipped for his life
work because of this early experience in cutting and measuring.
The directions here given assume that the unruled cardboard is used.
To _score_ is to make a long shallow cut or scratch in the cardboard
with a knife, so that it will bend easily. We give a few simple objects
in the order of their difficulty.
1. Book-Mark. Draw an oblong 1 x 8 inches. Cut it out and punch a series
of holes down the middle, one inch apart. Run a bit of baby ribbon in
and out and thus make a simple book-mark.
2. Toy Wash-Bench. Draw and cut an oblong 1 x 6 inches. Draw a line
straight across this one inch from each end, and then score these lines
lightly. Bend and you have a wash-bench for doll's house.
3. Sugar-Scoop. Draw and cut an oblong 2 x 4 inches. Draw a line
lengthwise through the middle. Score this line, and _cut_ along the
score _one inch from each end_. Score again from each end at _right
angles_ to the previous crease. Bend up the scored ends and the side,
and paste the flaps together. This may be used for the toy grocery
store.
4. Box. Read these directions through once. Then begin and work along
as you read again, and all will be clear.
Cut out a square measuring 4 x 4 inches. Place squarely before you, and
then on the front edge, one inch from each side, make a dot. On the back
edge, one inch from each side, make a dot. Unite the dots at front and
back by straight lines. This gives two vertical lines.
Now, on the right hand edge, one inch from each end make a dot, and do
the same on the left hand edge. Unite these dots by straight lines,
which gives two horizontal lines crossing the ones previously made at
right angles. With a sharp knife, and ruler to keep it straight, score
along these lines so that they may be readily bent.
Now, from the right edge cut along each horizontal line a slit one inch
long. From the left edge cut along each horizontal line a slit one inch
long. These cuts will give four flaps. Bend up the four oblong sides and
fold each flap over inside the box and paste.
A little experimentation on the part of older children will show how to
elongate one side so as to make a cover.
Differences in the proportions of the original piece of cardboard will
make boxes of different proportions.
5. Work-Box. Draw a five-inch pentagon. Look up in a geometry to find
the rules for doing this.
Upon each side as a base erect another pentagon. Score at the line of
junction and bend the side pentagons till the edges meet. In these edges
punch holes opposite each other, and through these tie baby ribbon to
hold them together.
=Clay Modeling= (_Potter's clay_, _oilcloth or small smooth board_,
_curtain pole_)
Clay is one of the important kindergarten materials, and if used with
care need give but little trouble. Buy at kindergarten supply store or
art shop.
Take a yard of table oilcloth and sew tapes to the corners so long that
the oilcloth may be tied to a table and thus held smooth and firm. When
not in use keep rolled up on a curtain-pole, broom-handle or dowel. This
preserves it from untimely cracking. Upon this oilcloth the child can
easily work with the clay, and the small pieces which may stick to it
are readily wiped off with a damp cloth. If preferred, a small board
about a foot square may be used instead of oilcloth. The child soon
learns not to scatter the pieces. It is well for him to wear a little
apron when making his small works of art. When finished with the clay,
let him remove as much as possible from the hands as a rule, what
remains may be rubbed away with a brisk clapping of the hands or is
washed off very readily.
1. If his first impulse is to pound and thump the clay, show the child
how pretty things may be made by gently pressing and molding the clay
between thumb and fingers. If he is still interested in pounding, show
him how to make a sphere by rolling the clay between the palms, and then
by striking it four times hard against the table it is transformed into
a rough sort of cube which further effort will improve.
2. If he inclines to make a number of balls, show him if possible one of
the cheap clay marbles, and tell him to make some like it, though his
will have no glazing.
3. If you see that he is rolling the clay into long lengths, suggest
that he make a snake or links of a chain.
4. Older children may be shown how to roll it with the palm into long
slender cylinders. Then coil these round and round spirally upon
themselves and so build up a jar, as certain primitive races do. Then
smooth it outside and inside until well shaped.
5. Bowls and crude vases are easily made, and these when dried may be
painted and used to hold matches or pencils.
6. Sometimes, to stir the imagination, break off a rough piece of clay
and ask the child if it looks like anything to him. If it suggest a bird
or fish or fruit, show him how the crude form may be made more nearly
perfect.
7. Take a bit of clay and upon it press another bit, and so little by
little smooth and press and build up a plaque 1/2 inch high and four
inches square. Upon this as a background, build up in the same way,
little by little, a raised leaf, or a geometrical figure, such as a
square or a Maltese cross. If a leaf is made, copy from a real leaf.
When thus interested, let the older children read Longfellow's beautiful
poem, "Keramis," and the work of the potter will have a meaning it never
had before.
The children who thus make crude efforts to express the beautiful gain
in power little by little, and will have added capacity to appreciate
the wonderful works of art to be seen in every gallery. They will gain
in discrimination as to what is really beautiful, and will know how to
choose those decorations and ornaments which will make their homes truly
artistic.
Clay lends itself so readily to the slightest turn of thought, and is
so easily employed by the smallest pair of hands, that it is one of the
best materials to give to the little child. He soon learns to tell with
it what he may be able to say in no other way.
When ready to put away, break into small pieces, put the pieces
together, knead a little till made into a mass, punch a few holes in the
mass, fill these with water, put into a stone jar and cover with a damp
cloth. Or put the clay into a cloth, dampen, and then, twisting the four
corners of the cloth together, drop the mass on the floor. Do this
several times and it will be found welded together. Then put into the
stone jar. Disinfect clay by exposing to sunshine.
=Sand-Table= (_Kitchen table_, _saw_, _boards_, _nails_, _zinc_)
From Germany we have finally learned the value of the sand-table and the
sand-pile as means of development to the child, not to speak of their
virtues as pure givers of joy.
Sand-tables may be bought at kindergarten stores, or one may be made of
a kitchen table by sawing off the legs to the size which brings the
table top within reach of the child. Then the top should be fenced in
with boards, from three to six inches high, to keep the sand in. It is a
good plan to line the table with zinc, since it is sometimes desirable
to have the sand pretty wet, although it generally suffices to make it
just damp enough to mold readily. It can be dampened with a
sprinkling-can.
1. The child will play a long while without much suggestion. A little
pail or bottle to be filled and emptied and refilled will furnish
material for his embryonic experiments.
2. A tiny cast-iron spade (price one cent) will add materially to his
happiness.
3. Shells and patty-pans of different shapes and convolutions suggest
bakery plays, and mother must sample the baby's cookery. When houses and
forts and churches are the order of the day, paths must be laid and
bordered with stones and shells; twigs and elderberry branches make tiny
trees for tiny orchards; and a little pan of water or a bit of mirror
makes a wee lake. The kindergarten building gifts make substantial
structures, bridges, park-benches, etc. A winding river can be painted
with blue paint on the zinc. When the child's imagination flags, a word
from the mother or a timely story will start a new series of plays next
time.
4. Older children will enjoy reproducing in the sand the hills and
valleys of their environment, the roads, woods and streams which they
know, etc.
5. Tell of the western plant which, when uprooted from its loose hold in
the desert sand, is sent flying by the wind over the sand, and wherever
it touches makes a perfect spiral. Let the children make such spirals
with a coiled piece of wire.
6. Having noticed the impression made upon the sand by the patty-pans,
the child can be led to make designs with them by making a row of
impressions equal distances apart, arranging these in twos, in threes,
etc.
INDEX
PAGE
Abacus, 17
Acquiring Skill with Brush or Pencil, 74
Aiming Games, 95, 96, 97
Anagrams, 102
Apple-biting Contest, 132
Apple Candlestick, 24
Apple-seed Penwiper, 30
Applied Art, 76
Ash Tray, 67
Autograph Picture, 105
Badge, 123
Baking Pan Papers, 57
Balls, 96, 156
Barn, Paper Folding, 172
Beads, Second Gift, 159
Bean Bag Games, 95
Bean Bags, To Make, 95
Bed-Making, 145
Bedstead, Dolls, 87
Bells, 109, 139
Berry Baskets or Boxes, 11
Birchbark, 42
Biscuit, Thimble, 104
Block Furniture, 85
Blowing Bubbles, 51
Blowing Out Candle, 100
Boat, 22, 26, 36, 41
Blue Prints, 52
Bon-bon Papers, 58, 115
Booklist, 151
Bookmark, 58, 174
Border for Sand-table, 40
Bottling Shells, 40
Bottling Stones, 39
Boxes, 12, 15, 174
Breastpin, 71
Bristol Board, 61
Brush, Pencil or, 73
Bubbles, 51
Burnt Match Safe, 34
Butter Dishes, 41
Butterflies, 105, 121
Butterfly Party, 105
Butter Modeling, 134
Buttons, 69
Button-Box, 15
Button Mold Tops, 70
Button Mold Wheels, 70
Calendar, 74, 109
Candle, Blowing Out, 100
Candle Design, 55
Candle Making, 137
Candle Sticks, 24, 64, 138
Canoe, 43
Cardboard, 61
Cardboard Animals, 63
Cardboard Modeling, 173
Cardboard Sewing, 165
Carols, 138
Carrot Top, 45
Celluloid Butterflies, 121
Center Piece, Pumpkin, 135
Cereal Boxes, 32
Chains, 56, 115
Chased by a Goose, 78
Checkerboard, 62
Cherry Stone Game, 99
Chicken Coop, 13
Chicken, Easter, 122
Chicken, Squash Seed, 29
Child's Library, The, 149
Chinese Kite, 66
Chinese Toy, 64
Christmas, 136
Cigar-Box Bedstead, 87
Cigar-Box Dollhouse, 82
Circle Tag, 92
Classifying, 39, 40, 48
Clay, 176
Clay-pipe Doll, 80
Clock, Paper, 86
Clothespin Doll, 80
Clothespin Race, 94
Clover, Four-leaf, 48
Collecting, 39, 40, 48
Color Top, 75
Colors, Matching, 71
Cork, 36
Cork Doll, 81
Corn, 18
Corncobs, 18
Corncrib, 18
Cornhusks, 18
Cornstalks, 135
Counters for Games, 28, 62, 69
Countess of the Huggermuggers, 100
Counting Ball, 96
Cover for Medicine Glass, 166, 170
Cradle, Egg Shell, 25
Cranberries, 136
Croquet with Peas, 98
Cross Tag, 93
Cup and Ball, 96
Curtains for Dollhouse, 87
Cutlery, Toy, 36
Cutting Paper, 54, 167
Darning Egg, 44
Decorated Note-Paper, 109
Decoration Day, 123
Decorative Cherries, 114
Decorative Leaves, 47
Designs, 21, 28, 77
Dinner Souvenirs, 120, 130, 134
Dishes, Tin-foil, 35
Dish-washing, 143
Distances, Guessing, 72
Doll Furniture, 15, 37, 85
Doll-Houses, 82
Doll Park, 89
Dolls, 80
Donkey Game, 100
Drawing, 31, 72
Drums, 125
Ducking for Apples, 131
Dusting, 147
Easter, 120
Easter Card, 122, 168
Easter Chicken, 122
East Indian Fan, 43
Edam Cheese Lantern, 34
Egg-shell Boat, 26
Egg-shell Cradle, 25
Egg-shell Game, 99
Egg-shell Garden, 25
Eggs, Humpty Dumpty, 26
Egg-shell, To Blow, 25
Egg-shells, 25, 26, 99
Eighth Gift Plays, 162
Elevator, Toy, 71
Epaulettes, 56
Experiments with Color, 75
Expression with Pencil and Brush, 73
Fairy Tales, Myths, etc., 151
Fan, 43, 63
Feather, Corn-husk, 18
Feather Flowers, 49
Felt Mats, 170
Fence, 11, 19
Festival Occasions, 107
Festoons, 47
Firecracker Designs, 55
Firecracker, Imitation, 124
First Gift Balls, 156
Flags, 119
Flower-Pot, 35
Flower Rack, 37
Flowers, Feather, 49
Flowers, Pressing, 51
Foot-ball, Egg, 99
Fortune Telling, 131
Fourth of July, 124
Frieze, 48, 168
Fringed Bon-bon Papers, 58, 115
Furniture, 15, 20, 37, 85
Games and Plays, 92, 157, 158, 161
Gift Card, 166
Gifts, Kindergarten, 155
Go-Bang Board, 61
Good Luck Pigs, 109
Gourds, 44
Grace Hoops, 97
Grocery Store, 88
Guess Ball, 96
Guessing Distances, 72
Hallowe'en, 131
Hammering Soap, 31
Handkerchief Box, 42
Hanging Basket, 15, 35, 44
Hearts, 110
History and Biography Books, 152
Home Tasks, 141
Honey, Weighing, 103
House, Cob, 19
House, Doll's, 33, 82
Household Duties, 141
Humpty Dumpty Eggs, 26
Imitation Water, 31
Independence Day, 124
Indian Head-dress, 50
Ironing, 146
Jack O'Lantern, 135
Jackstones, 39
Japanese Tag, 93
Key-Basket, The, 141
Kindergarten Materials--Gifts, 155
" " --Occupations, 164
Kite, 60, 66
Labor Day, 128
" " Dinner, 130
" " Parade, 129
Lacy Valentine, 111
Lamp Mats, 170
Lamp, Toy, 86
Lantern, 33, 34, 139
" Toy, 24
Learning to Observe, 73
Leaves, to Dry and Press, 47
Lentils, 163
Library, The Child's, 149
Looms, 90
Man, Prunes, Raisins, 27
Masks, 57
Matching Colors, 71
Matchsafe, 34, 177
Mats, 18, 46, 170
Medicine Glass Cover, 166, 170
Memorial Day, 123
Merry-Go-Round, Dolls', 89
Midnight Watching, 109
Mirror, Toy, 36
Money, Toy, 36, 58
Morning Glories, Pressed, 51
Moving Van, 32
Music Books, 154
Nature Books, 153
Needle Case, 42
Needles, 71
New Year's Bells, 109
" " Day, 108
Newspaper Wrappers, 57
Numeral Frame, 17
Nuts, 22
Occupations, Kindergarten, 164
Oilcloth Mats, 170
Oiled Paper, 87
Omnibus Swing, 101
Orange Basket, 24
Paint-Box, The, 73
Paint-Brush Box, 43
Painting from Object, 73
" Wagons or Houses, 76
Paper, 54
Paper Chains, 56, 115
Paper Cutting, 54, 167
Paper Doll, 81
Paper Folding, 171
Paper Furniture, 85
Paper Lanterns, 118
Paper Mats, 169
Paper Money, 58
Paper-Weight, 40
Papering House, 85
Papers for Baking Pans, 57
Park for Dolls, 89
Parquetry, 168
Parties, Suggestions for, 103
Paste, 169
Pasteboard Doll House, 82
Paste Stick, 14
Path Borders or Markers, 39
Pea Furniture, 164
Peanut Animals, 23
" Doll, 80
" Party, 103
Pea Pod Boat, 16
Peas, 16
Peaswork, 164
Pebbles, 39
Pegboard, 160
Pencil Box, 43
Pen Tray, 67
Penwiper, 42
Perforating or Pricking, 133, 165
Piano Scarf, 41
Picture Books, 153
Picture Frames, 13, 44, 46
Picture Story, 78
Pictures of Seedling, 74
Pigments, 75
Pincushion, 41
Pin Tray, 41
Place or Luncheon Cards, 76, 108, 113, 119, 121, 127, 130, 133 134, 136
Plays or Games, 92
Plays with Gifts, 161
Plumes for Hat, 55
Poetry Books, 123, 153
Pop-corn Balls, 22
Pop-corn Chains or Festoons, 22, 139
Portieres, 21
Post Fence, 19, 160
Potato Horse, 17
" Race, 94
Pressed Leaves, 47
Pressed Morning Glories, 51
Pricking, 133, 165
Prism, 75
Prunes, 27
Pulley, Toy, 71
Pumpkin Basket or Center Piece, 135
Races, 94
Racing Tag, 93
Raffia, 45
Rafts, 19, 36
Rag Doll, 82
Raisins, 27
Ramekin Dishes, 41
Reading, 123, 133, 140, 177
Red Pepper Lantern, 24
Reins, 46
Ring Toss, 97
Road Roller, Spool, 71
Rockets, Imitation, 127
Room Decorations, 132, 135
Rope and Sandbag, 101
Rose-haw Chains or Rosaries, 51
Rosettes, 126
Rug Design, 77
Rugs, 90
Sailboat, 23, 36, 173
St. Patrick's Day, 119
" " " Dinner, 120
St. Valentine's Day, 110
" " Dinner, 112
Salt, 34
Salt Dishes, 41
Sand, 178
Sand Table, 178
Saved from the Scrap Basket, 53
Scales, Toy, 88
Scent Bag, 170
Scissors, Drawing, 72
Scrap Books, 68
Screen, Toy or Miniature, 63, 122
Second Gift Plays, 157, 158
Second Gift Beads, 159
Seedling, Drawing of, 74
Seed-markers, 11
Seeds, 27
Seventh Gift, Tablets, 162
Sewing, 165
Sewing Basket, The, 69
Shadow Game, 52
Shamrock, 119
Shells, 40
Shields, 127
Snowball, 137
Snowflakes, 59
Soap, 31
Soap Box Doll House, 84
Soldiers Caps, etc., 55
Soldier-Flowers, Milkweed, 51
Spiderweb Party, 104
" Valentine, 111
Spinning Buttons, 69, 70
Sponge Garden, 120
Spools, 70
Squash Animals, 17
Squash Seed Chicken, 29
Stained Glass Windows, 77
Sticks, Kindergarten, 156, 162
Stones and Pebbles, 39
Stove, Toy, 86
Strawberry Boxes, 11
Straws, 51
Stringing, 21, 27, 51, 69, 136
Sugar Scoop, 174
Suggestions for Parties, 103
Sun and Shadow, 52
Sunday-School Helps, 154
Surprise Walnuts, 23
Sweeping, 147
Sweet Potato Animals, 17
Sweet Potato Vine, 45
Swimming Float, 37
Swing, Omnibus, 101
Table Serving, 143
Table Setting, 142
Tablets, Kindergarten, 162
Tag, 92
Tailless Kite, 60
Target, Spool, 70
Tearing Paper, 54
Telephone Toy, for Doll House, 87
Tents, Paper, 116
Thanksgiving, 133
Thimble Biscuit Party, 104
Threading Needles, 72
Tiling, Doll House, 85
Tin Cans, 34
Tin-foil, 35
Top, 70, 75, 77
Tower Target, Spool, 70
Toy Vegetables, 40
Transparency, 47
Transparent Papers, 75
Tree-Boxes, 70
Tunnel, Paper, 172
Turnip Basket, 45
Turtle, 27
Umbrella, Toy, 167
Valentine Party Dinner, 112
Valentines, 110
Vegetable Animals, 17
Vegetables, 45
" Toy, 40
Wagon, 14, 32
Walnut Boats, 23
" Surprise, 23
Washing, 146
Washbench, Cardboard, 174
Washington's Birthday, 113
Water-color Cups, 40
Water, Imitation, 31
Waxed Leaves, 47
Weaving, 90, 169
Weighing Honey, 103
Wheels, 14, 32, 35
Windows, 77, 87
Wishbone Doll, 80
Work Box, 175
Worsted Mats, 90
Yarn Doll, 81
* * * * *
Transcriber's note:
Obvious printer's errors in the original publication have been
corrected without comment.
Inconsistencies in the author's spelling, use of hyphens and other
punctuation are retained as in the original work.
Pages 152-155 were originally printed in two columns. For the
convenience of readers of this e-publication, the two columns are
represented in this version in a single column.