Whilst the quantity of imported butter and cheese consumed in the United
Kingdom from year to year can be arrived at with a tolerable degree of
accuracy, it is more difficult to form an estimate of the amounts of
these articles annually produced at home. Various attempts have,
however, from time to time been made by competent authorities to arrive
approximately at the annual output of milk, butter and cheese in the
United Kingdom, and the results are given by Messrs W. Weddel & Co. in
their annual _Dairy Produce Review_. Table XI. shows the estimates for
each of the ten years 1890 to 1899, the numbers in the second column of
"cows and heifers in milk or in calf" being identical with those
officially recorded in the agricultural returns. In thus estimating the
quantity of milk, butter and cheese produced within the United Kingdom,
the "average milking life" of a cow is taken to be four years, from
which it follows that on the average one-fourth of the total herd has to
be renewed every year by heifers with their first calf. This leaves 75%
of the total herd giving milk throughout the year. Each cow of this 75%
is estimated as yielding 49 cwt., or 531 gallons of milk annually. It is
assumed that 15% of the total milk yield is used for the calf, 32%
utilized for butter-making, 20% for cheese-making, and the remaining 33%
consumed in the household as fresh milk. A ton of milk is estimated to
produce 80 lb. of butter or 220 lb. of cheese. A gallon of milk weighs
10.33 lb. (10(1/3) lb.). The probable effects of each season upon the
production have been taken into consideration in making these estimates,
and it will be noticed that owing to the terrible drought of 1893 a
reduction of 9% is made from the average. Accepting these estimates with
due reservation,[15] it is seen that the annual production of milk
varied in the decade to the extent of nearly a million tons, the exact
difference between the maximum of 7,667,505 tons in 1894 and the minimum
of 6,712,004 tons in 1893 being 955,501 tons. The decennial averages are
7,906,874 tons of milk, 83,992 tons of butter, and 141,412 tons of
cheese.
Table XII. furnishes an estimate of the total consumption of butter in
the United Kingdom in each of the years 1891 to 1900. Whilst the
estimated home production did not vary greatly from year to year, the
imports from colonial and foreign sources underwent almost continuous
increase. The ten years' average indicates 37.6% home-made, 7.3%
imported colonial, and 55.1% imported foreign butter. But whereas at
the beginning of the decade the proportions were 45.4% home-made, 1.5%
colonial, and 53.2% foreign, at the end of the percentages were 32.8,
14.7 and 52.5 respectively. It thus appears that whilst the United
Kingdom was able in 1891 to furnish nearly half of its requirements
(45.4%), by 1900 it was unable to supply more than one-third (32.8%).
TABLE XII.--_Estimated Home Production and Imports of Butter into
the United Kingdom for the Ten Years ended 30th June 1900._
+------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+---------+
| Year ended | Home | Imported | Imported | |
| 30th June. | Production, | Colonial. | Foreign. | Total. |
| | _estimated_.| | | |
+------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+---------+
| | Tons. | Tons. | Tons. | Tons. |
| 1891 | 84,961 | 2,883 | 99,598 | 187,442 |
| 1892 | 86,022 | 6,323 | 101,796 | 194,141 |
| 1893 | 84,078 | 9,408 | 105,712 | 199,198 |
| 1894 | 79,196 | 15,550 | 107,534 | 202,280 |
| 1895 | 82,168 | 17,807 | 116,730 | 216,705 |
| 1896 | 83,640 | 12,949 | 133,249 | 229,838 |
| 1897 | 79,734 | 18,111 | 138,800 | 236,645 |
| 1898 | 83,039 | 17,732 | 141,426 | 242,197 |
| 1899 | 87,326 | 22,443 | 142,193 | 251,962 |
| 1900 | 83,760 | 37,534 | 133,957 | 255,251 |
| +-------------+-------------+-----------+---------+
| 10 Years' | | | | |
| Average | 83,392 | 16,074 | 122,099 | 221,565 |
+------------+-------------+-------------+-----------+---------+
The rapid headway which colonial butter has made in British markets is
shown by the fact that for the five years ended 30th of June 1900 the
import had grown from 12,949 tons to 37,534 tons per annum, or an
increase of 24,585 tons. It is during the mid-winter months that the
colonial butter from Australasia arrives on the British markets, while
that from Canada begins to arrive in July, and virtually ceases in the
following January. The bulk of the Canadian butter reaches British
markets during August, September and October; the bulk of the
Australasian in December, January and February.
It appears to be demonstrated by the experience of the last decade of
the 19th century that the United Kingdom is quite unable to turn out
sufficient dairy produce to supply its own population. In the year
ended 30th of June 1891 the total import of butter was 102,500 tons,
and for the year ended 30th of June 1900 it was 170,700 tons, which
shows an annual average increase in the decade of 6800 tons. This
growth was on the whole very uniform, any disturbance in its
regularity being attributable more to the deficient seasons in the
colonies and foreign countries than to the bountiful seasons at home.
Twice in the decade the import of butter from colonial sources fell
off slightly from the previous year, namely, in 1896 and 1898, while
only once was there any decrease in the foreign supply, and this
occurred in 1900. In 1896 the colonial supply fell off by 5000 tons,
principally owing to drought in Australia, but from foreign countries
this deficiency was more than made good, as the increased import from
these sources exceeded 16,500 tons. In 1900 the position was reversed,
for while the foreign import fell away to the extent of over 8000
tons, the supply from the colonies exceeded that of 1899 by 15,000
tons, thus leaving a gain in the quantity of imported butter of nearly
7000 tons on the year. Table XII. shows that over the ten years,
1891-1900, the import of colonial butter was augmented by 34,600 tons,
and that of foreign by 33,600 tons, so that the increased import is
fairly divided between colonial and foreign sources. If, however, the
last five years of the period be taken, it will be seen that the
increases in the arrivals of colonial butter have far exceeded those
from foreign countries. Between 1891 and 1900 the Australasian
colonies increased their quota by 13,400 tons, and Canada by 11,100
tons. Of foreign countries, Denmark showed the greatest development in
the supply of imported butter, which increased in the ten years by
28,678 tons. Next came Russia and Holland, with increases respectively
of 7207 tons and 6589 tons. Sweden, which made steady progress from
1891 to 1896, subsequently declined, and in 1900 sent 1400 tons less
than in 1891. France and Germany are rapidly falling away, and the
latter country will soon cease its supply altogether. Up to 1896 it
was 6000 tons annually; by 1900 it had fallen to 1850 tons. France,
which in 1892 sent to the United Kingdom 29,000 tons, regularly
declined, and in 1900 sent only 16,800. Among the countries sending
the smaller quantities, Argentina, Belgium and Norway are all
gradually increasing their supplies; but their totals are
comparatively insignificant, as they together contributed in 1900 only
6400 tons out of a total foreign supply of 134,000 tons. The United
States was erratic in its supplies during the decade, and up to 1900
had not made butter specially for export to the United Kingdom, as all
the other foreign countries had done. Consequently it is only when
supplies from elsewhere fail that American butter is sought for by
British buyers. The large amount of salt in this butter, although
suitable for the American palate, prevents its becoming popular in the
United Kingdom.
TABLE XIII.--_Annual Imports of Butter into the United Kingdom,
1897-1900._
+-----------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| From | 1897. | 1898. | 1899. | 1900. |
+-----------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| | Cwt. | Cwt. | Cwt. | Cwt. |
| Denmark | 1,334,726 | 1,465,030 | 1,430,052 | 1,486,342 |
| Australasia | 269,432 | 228,563 | 366,944 | 509,910 |
| France | 448,128 | 416,821 | 353,942 | 322,048 |
| Holland | 278,631 | 269,631 | 284,810 | 282,805 |
| Russia* | .. | .. | .. | 209,738 |
| Sweden | 299,214 | 294,962 | 245,599 | 196,041 |
| Canada | 109,402 | 156,865 | 250,083 | 138,313 |
| United States | 154,196 | 66,712 | 159,137 | 56,046 |
| Germany | 51,761 | 41,231 | 36,953 | 36,042 |
| Other countries | 272,312 | 269,645 | 262,331 | 141,231 |
| +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| Total | 3,217,802 | 3,209,153 | 3,389,851 | 3,378,516 |
| +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| | % | % | % | % |
| Denmark | 41.5 | 45.6 | 42.2 | 44.0 |
| Australasia | 8.4 | 7.1 | 10.8 | 15.1 |
| France | 13.9 | 13.0 | 10.5 | 9.5 |
| Holland | 8.7 | 8.4 | 8.4 | 8.4 |
| Russia* | .. | .. | .. | 6.2 |
| Sweden | 9.3 | 9.2 | 7.2 | 5.8 |
| Canada | 3.4 | 4.9 | 7.4 | 4.1 |
| United States | 4.8 | 2.1 | 4.7 | 1.6 |
| Germany | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
| Other countries | 8.4 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 4.2 |
| +-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
| Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
+-----------------+-----------+-----------+-----------+-----------+
* Not shown separately in the Trade and Navigation Returns prior to
1900.
The sources whence the United Kingdom receives butter from abroad are
sufficiently indicated in Table XIII., which shows the absolute
quantities and the relative proportions sent by the chief contributory
countries in each of the four years 1897 to 1900, the order of
precedence of the several countries being in accord with the figures
for 1900. Denmark, as a result of the efforts made by that little
kingdom to supply a sound product of uniform quality, possesses over
40% of the trade, and in the year 1900 received from the United
Kingdom upwards of L8,000,000 for butter and over L3,000,000 for
bacon, the raising of pigs for the consumption of separated milk being
an important adjunct of the dairying industry in Denmark, where butter
factories are extensively maintained on the co-operative principle. It
is worthy of note that some at least of the butter received in the
United Kingdom from Russia is made in Siberia, whence it is sent at
the outset on a long land journey in refrigerated railway cars for
shipment at a Baltic port, usually Riga. The countries not specially
enumerated in Table XIII. from which butter is sent to the United
Kingdom are Argentina, Belgium, Norway and Spain--these are included
in "other countries."
In Table XIV., relating to the estimated home production of cheese and
the imports of that article, the ten years' average indicates a
home-made supply of 555.3%, imports of colonial cheese 24.2%, and
imports of foreign cheese 20.5%. Comparing, however, the first with
the last year of the period 1891-1900, it appears that in 1891 the
proportions were 58.6% home-made, 17.2% colonial and 24.2% foreign,
whereas in 1900 the percentages were 50.3, 28.9 and 20.8 respectively.
Hence the colonial contribution (chiefly Canadian) has gained ground
at the expense both of the home-made and of the foreign. Again,
comparing 1891 with 1900, the import of cheese into the United Kingdom
increased to the extent of only 24,500 tons, so that it shows no
expansion comparable with that of butter, which increased by about
70,000 tons. Simultaneously the estimated home production diminished
by 17,000 tons.
TABLE XIV.--_Estimated Home Production and Imports of Cheese into
the United Kingdom for the Ten Years ended 30th June 1900._
+-----------+------------+---------+---------+---------+
| Year ended| Home | Imported| Imported| |
| 30th June | Production,| Colonial| Foreign.| Total. |
| |_estimated._| | | |
+-----------+------------+---------+---------+---------+
| | Tons. | Tons. | Tons. | Tons. |
| 1891 | 147,078 | 43,228 | 60,816 | 251,122 |
| 1892 | 148,624 | 45,781 | 59,452 | 253,857 |
| 1893 | 140,394 | 55,549 | 56,767 | 252,710 |
| 1894 | 131,843 | 57,322 | 52,498 | 241,663 |
| 1895 | 150,611 | 61,622 | 52,570 | 264,803 |
| 1896 | 137,148 | 62,478 | 44,569 | 244,195 |
| 1897 | 130,000 | 67,028 | 46,317 | 243,345 |
| 1898 | 148,260 | 77,620 | 49,114 | 274,994 |
| 1899 | 150,000 | 73,752 | 46,985 | 270,737 |
| 1900 | 130,000 | 74,702 | 53,903 | 258,605 |
| +------------+---------+---------+---------+
| 10 Years' | | | | |
| Average | 141,396 | 61,908 | 52,299 | 255,603 |
+-----------+------------+---------+---------+---------+
In imported colonial cheese Canada virtually has the field to itself,
for the only other colonial cheese which finds its way into the United
Kingdom is from New Zealand, but the amount of this kind is
comparatively insignificant, having been in 1900 only 4000 tons out of
a total import of 128,600 tons. Australia, in several seasons since
1891, sent small quantities, but they are not worth quoting.
From foreign countries the decline in the export of cheese is mainly
in the case of the United States, which shipped to British ports
10,000 tons less in 1900 than in 1891. France also is losing its
cheese trade in British markets, and is being supplanted by Belgium.
In 1891 France supplied over 3000 tons, in 1900 the import was below
2000 tons. Belgium in 1891 supplied less than 1000 tons, but in 1900
contributed 2600 tons. The import trade in Dutch cheese remains almost
stationary. In 1891 it amounted to 15,300 tons, in 1899 it was 15,600
tons, whilst in 1900, owing to exceptionally high prices, which
stimulated the manufacture, it reached 17,000 tons.
TABLE XV.--_Annual Imports of Cheese into the United Kingdom,
1897-1900._
+----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
| From | 1897. | 1898. | 1899. | 1900. |
+----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
| | Cwt. | Cwt. | Cwt. | Cwt. |
| Canada |1,526,664 |1,432,181 |1,337,198 |1,511,872 |
| United States | 631,616 | 485,995 | 590,737 | 680,583 |
| Holland | 297,604 | 292,925 | 328,541 | 327,817 |
| Australasia | 68,615 | 44,608 | 32,294 | 86,513 |
| France | 36,358 | 33,086 | 34,307 | 35,110 |
| Other countries| 42,321 | 50,657 | 60,992 | 69,910 |
| +----------+----------+----------+----------+
| Total |2,603,178 |2,339,452 |2,384,069 |2,711,805 |
| +----------+----------+----------+----------+
| | % | % | % | % |
| Canada | 58.6 | 61.2 | 56.1 | 55.8 |
| United States | 24.3 | 20.8 | 24.8 | 25.1 |
| Holland | 11.4 | 12.5 | 13.8 | 12.0 |
| Australasia | 2.7 | 1.9 | 1.3 | 3.2 |
| France | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
| Other countries| 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 2.6 |
| +----------+----------+----------+----------+
| Total | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100.0 |
+----------------+----------+----------+----------+----------+
Over 80% of the cheese imported into the United Kingdom is derived
from North America, but the bulk of the trade belongs to Canada, which
supplies nearly 60% of the entire import. The value of the cheese
exported from Canada to the United Kingdom in the calendar year 1900
was close upon L3,800,000. As is shown in Table XV. below, Holland,
Australasia and France participate in this trade, whilst amongst the
"other countries" are Germany, Italy and Russia. The cheese sent from
North America and Australasia is mostly of the substantial Cheddar
type, whereas soft or "fancy" cheese is the dominant feature of the
French shipments. Thus, in the calendar year 1900 the average price of
the cheese imported into the United Kingdom from France was 61s. per
cwt., whilst the average value of the cheese from all other sources
was 50s. per cwt., there being a difference of 11s. in favour of the
"soft" cheese of France.
The imports of butter and margarine into the United Kingdom were not
separately distinguished before the year 1886. Previous to that date
they amounted, at five-year intervals, to the following aggregate
quantities:--
1870. 1875. 1880. 1885.
Cwt. 1,159,210 1,467,870 2,326,305 2,401,373
For the same years the imports of cheese registered the subjoined
totals:--
1870. 1875. 1880. 1885.
Cwt. 1,041,281 1,627,748 1,775,997 1,833,832
The imports of butter and margarine, both separately and together, and
also the imports of cheese in each year from 1886 to 1900 inclusive,
are set out in Table XVI., the most significant feature of which is
the rapid expansion it shows in the imports of butter. In the space of
nine years, between 1887 and 1896, the quantity was doubled. On the
other hand, the general tendency of the imports of margarine, which
have been much more uniform than those of butter, has been in the
direction of decline since 1892. It is necessary, however, to point
out that there has been an increase in the number of margarine
factories in the United Kingdom, and in the quantity of margarine
manufactured in them, during the last few years. Taking the imports of
butter and margarine together, the aggregate in 1889 and also in 1900
was practically three times as large as a quarter of a century
earlier, in 1875. The imports of cheese have increased at a less rapid
rate than those of butter, and the quantity imported in 1900, which
was a maximum, fell considerably short of twice the quantity in 1875.
In 1886, 1887, 1888, 1890 and 1892 the imports of cheese exceeded
those of butter, but since the last-named year those of butter have
always been the larger, and 1899 were fully a million cwt. more than
the cheese imports. The cheapness of imported fresh meat has probably
had the effect of checking the growth of the demand for cheese amongst
the industrial classes.
TABLE XVI.--_Imports of Butter, Margarine and Cheese into the United
Kingdom, 1886-1900._
+------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+
| | | |Total Butter| |
| Year.| Butter. | Margarine.| and | Cheese. |
| | | | Margarine. | |
+------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+
| | Cwt. | Cwt. | Cwt. | Cwt. |
| 1886 | 1,543,566 | 887,974 | 2,431,540 | 1,734,890 |
| 1887 | 1,513,134 | 1,276,140 | 2,789,274 | 1,836,789 |
| 1888 | 1,671,433 | 1,139,743 | 2,811,176 | 1,917,616 |
| 1899 | 1,927,842 | 1,241,690 | 3,169,532 | 1,907,999 |
| 1890 | 2,027,717 | 1,079,856 | 3,107,573 | 2,144,074 |
| 1891 | 2,135,607 | 1,235,430 | 3,371,037 | 2,041,325 |
| 1892 | 2,183,009 | 1,305,350 | 3,488,359 | 2,232,817 |
| 1893 | 2,327,474 | 1,299,970 | 3,627,444 | 2,077,462 |
| 1894 | 2,574,835 | 1,109,325 | 3,684,160 | 2,266,145 |
| 1895 | 2,825,662 | 940,168 | 3,765,830 | 2,133,819 |
| 1896 | 3,037,718 | 925,934 | 3,963,652 | 2,244,525 |
| 1897 | 3,217,802 | 936,543 | 4,154,345 | 2,603,178 |
| 1898 | 3,209,153 | 900,615 | 4,343,026 | 2,384,069 |
| 1999 | 3,389,851 | 953,175 | 4,343,026 | 2,384,069 |
| 1900 | 3,378,516 | 920,416 | 4,298,932 | 2,711,805 |
+------+-----------+-----------+------------+-----------+
The imports of condensed milk into the United Kingdom were not
separately distinguished before 1888. In that year they amounted to
352,332 cwt. The quantities imported in subsequent years were the
following:--
+------+---------++------+---------++------+---------|
| Year.| Cwt. || Year.| Cwt. || Year.| Cwt. |
+------+---------++------+---------++------+---------|
| 1889 | 389,892 || 1893 | 501,005 || 1897 | 756,243 |
| 1890 | 407,426 || 1894 | 529,465 || 1898 | 817,274 |
| 1891 | 444,666 || 1895 | 545,394 || 1899 | 824,599 |
| 1892 | 481,374 || 1896 | 611,335 || 1900 | 986,741 |
+------+---------++------+---------++------+---------|
The quantity thus increased continuously in each year after 1889, with
the result that in 1900 the imports had grown to nearly three times
the amount of those in 1889. Simultaneously, over the period 1889-1900
the annual value of the imports steadily advanced from L704,849 to
L1,405,033. Thus, while the imports of condensed milk trebled in
quantity, they doubled in value. A fair proportion is, however,
exported, as is shown in the following statement of exports of
imported condensed milk for the four years 1897 to 1900:--
1897. 1898. 1899. 1900.
Quantity, cwt. 143,932 133,596 118,394 164,602
Value L274,578 L256,525 L228,446 L309,460
There is also an export trade in condensed milk made in the United
Kingdom. Thus, in 1892 the exports of home-made condensed milk
amounted to 61,442 cwt., valued at L133,556. By 1896 the quantity had
almost doubled, and reached 111,959 cwt., of the value of L224,831. In
subsequent years the exports were:--
1897. 1898. 1899. 1900.
Quantity, cwt. 154,901 178,055 185,749 209,447
Value L302,748 L343,070 L353,819 L390,559
Milk and cream (fresh or preserved other than condensed) received no
separate classification in the imports until 1894, in which year the
quantity imported was 161,633 gallons, followed by 126,995 gallons in
1895, and 22,776 gallons in 1896. The quantities have since been
returned by weight--10,006 cwt. in 1897, 10,691 cwt. in 1898, 7859
cwt. in 1899, and 15,638 cwt. in 1900. The values of these imports in
the successive years 1894 to 1900 were L21,371, L19,991, L5489, L9848,
L11,293, L16,068 and L26,837.
The total values of the imports of dairy produce of all kinds--butter,
margarine, cheese, &c.--into the United Kingdom were, at five-year
intervals between 1875 and 1890, the following:--
1875. 1880. 1885. 1890.
Value L13,211,592 L17,232,548 L15,632,852 L19,505,798
TABLE XVII.--_Values of Dairy Products imported into the United
Kingdom from 1891 to 1900, in Thousands of Pounds Sterling._
+------+----------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------+
| Year.| Butter. | Margarine.| Cheese. | Condensed | Total. |
| | | | | Milk. | |
+------+----------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------+
| | L1000. | L1000. | L1000. | L1000. | L1000. |
| 1891 | 11,591 | 3558 | 4813 | 900 | 20,863 |
| 1892 | 11,965 | 3713 | 5417 | 930 | 22,025 |
| 1893 | 12,754 | 3655 | 5161 | 1010 | 22,580 |
| 1894 | 13,457 | 3045 | 5475 | 1079 | 23,077 |
| 1895 | 14,245 | 2557 | 4675 | 1084 | 22,581 |
| 1896 | 15,344 | 2498 | 4900 | 1170 | 23,920 |
| 1897 | 15,917 | 2485 | 5886 | 1398 | 25,715 |
| 1898 | 15,962 | 2384 | 4970 | 1436 | 24,779 |
| 1899 | 17,214 | 2549 | 5503 | 1455 | 26,747 |
| 1900 | 17,450 | 2465 | 6838 | 1743 | 28,544 |
+------+----------+-----------+---------+-----------+--------+
The values in each year of the closing decade of the 19th century are
set forth in Table XVII., where the totals in the last column include
small sums for margarine-cheese and, since 1893, for fresh milk and
cream. The aggregate value more than doubled during the last quarter
of the century. The earliest year for which the value of imported
butter is separately available is 1886, when it amounted to
L8,141,438. Thirteen years later this sum had more than doubled, and
it is an impressive fact that in the closing year of the century the
United Kingdom should have expended on imported butter alone a sum
closely approximating to 17(1/2) million pounds sterling, equivalent to
about three-fourths of the total amount disbursed on imported wheat
grain.[16]
The imports of margarine--that is, of margarine specifically declared
to be such--into the United Kingdom are derived almost entirely from
Holland. Out of a total of 920,416 cwt. imported in 1900 Holland
supplied 862,154 cwt., and out of L2,464,839 expended on imported
margarine in the same year Holland received L2,295,174. To the imports
in the year named Holland contributed 93.7%; France, 2.9; Norway, 0.9;
all other countries, 2.5; so that Holland possesses almost a monopoly
of this trade. The quantities of imported butter, margarine and cheese
that are again exported from the United Kingdom are trivial when
compared with the imports, as will be seen from the following
quantities and values in the three years 1898 to 1900:--
+-----------+--------+--------+--------++---------+---------+---------+
| | 1898. | 1899. | 1900. || 1898. | 1899. | 1900. |
+-----------+--------+--------+--------++---------+---------+---------+
| | Cwt. | Cwt. | Cwt. || L | L | L |
| Butter | 63,491 | 50,453 | 51,583 || 319,806 | 257,999 | 258,931 |
| Margarine | 10,023 | 13,139 | 11,326 || 24,721 | 33,319 | 27,882 |
| Cheese | 56,694 | 56,390 | 55,982 || 159,210 | 163,991 | 168,369 |
+-----------+--------+--------+--------++---------+---------+---------+
There is also a very small export trade in butter and cheese made in
the United Kingdom, but its insignificant character is evident from
the subjoined details as to quantities and values for the years
named:--
+-----------+--------+--------+--------++---------+---------+---------+
| | 1898. | 1899. | 1900. || 1898. | 1899. | 1900. |
+-----------+--------+--------+--------++---------+---------+---------+
| | Cwt. | Cwt. | Cwt. || L | L | L |
| Butter | 11,359 | 9,936 | 10,127 || 59,731 | 53,195 | 53,701 |
| Cheese | 10,126 | 9,758 | 9,356 || 36,803 | 35,890 | 36,691 |
+-----------+--------+--------+--------++---------+---------+---------+