=A=
=a= to, at, in, into, within; from
=abajo= below; =más=--farther down; =boca=--face down; =por el
barranco=--down the ravine
=abalanzarse= rush, throw oneself
=abierto,-a= (_past part. of_ =abrir=) open, opened
=ablandar(se)= soften, relent
=abrasado,-a= burned, burning, scorched
=abrasador,-a= scorching, burning
=abrazar(se)= embrace, put one's arms around _(something)_; =abrazado
(a)= with his arms around
=abrir= open; =--el apetito= give an appetite; =la puerta se abrió= the
door opened; =al--= on opening
el =abuelito= _dim_. grandpa dear, dear grandfather
el =abuelo=, la =-a= grandfather, grandmother
la =abundancia= abundance; =con--= abundantly, copiously
=acá= here; =por=--here, this way
=acabar= finish; =--de= (+ _inf_.) finish (+ _pres. part._) _or_ have
just (+ _past part_.)
=acariciar= caress, stroke
=acercarse= (=a= _or_ =hacia=) approach, draw near (to), come
=acompañar= accompany;
=acompañando a= in the company of
=aconsejar= counsel, advise, suggest
el =acontecimiento= event
=acudir (a)= come to help, go for help (to), resort to
¡=adelante=! come in! forward! go ahead!
el =ademán= attitude, expression
=adentro= within
la =adivinanza= divination; mind reading
=adivinar= divine, guess, understand
=adónde= where
=adormecido,-a= drowsy
=afable= affable
=afirmativo,-a= affirmative
=aflictivo,-a= troublesome, painful
=afligir= afflict; =--se= be afflicted _or_ worried; =no se aflija usted
tanto= do not take it to heart so deeply
=afortunadamente= fortunately
la =agilidad= nimbleness
=agitado,-a= agitated
=agitar= agitate, move, brandish, shake, wag; =--se= move, stir
=agostador,-a= burning, shriveling
=agosto= _m_. August
=agradable= agreeable, pleasant
=agradecer= be thankful (for)
=agradecido,-a= grateful el =agradecimiento= gratefulness, appreciation,
gratitude
=agradezco= _pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of_ =agradecer=
=agresivo= aggressive
el =agua=, _f_. water
=agudo,-a= acute, sharp
¡=ah=! ah! oh!
=ahí= there; =por=--there;--=lo tienen ustedes= behold him now, there he
is
=ahogar= choke, smother; =--se= be choked _or_ stifled; smother
=ahora= now, presently; =--mismo= just now
=ahuyentar= put to flight, drive away
el =aire= air; =--libre= open air, fresh air; =por el=--up in the air
=al= = =a= + =el=: =--hablar= on speaking
el =álamo= poplar, cotton-wood, aspen
la =alarma= alarm
el =alboroto= uproar, tumult
el =alcalde= mayor
el =alcance: ponerse al=--come within reach
la =alegría= merriment, joy; =con, de=--joyfully
el =alfiler= pin
la =alfombra= carpet, rug
la =alforja= saddlebag
la =algazara= shouting, uproar
=algo= something, somewhat; =--malo= something bad, some bad things
=algún= _or_ =alguno,-a= some, any, some one, any one; =---a cosa=
something, anything
la =alianza= alliance, relationship, friendship
=alimentar= feed, nourish; =--se= take nourishment
el =alimento= food
el =alma= _f_. soul; =de mi=--beloved, darling; =con toda el=--deeply,
sincerely
el =almendro= almond tree
la =almilla= jersey
=altísimo,-a= very high
=alto,-a= high, tall; loud; =en lo más=--on the highest part, on the
top; =en voz---a= in a loud voice
=alumbrar= light, give a light
=alzar= raise; =--se= arise, be visible
=allá= there; =lo de más=--still another; =--va= I am coming
=allí= there; =por=--(by) that way
el =ama= _f_. lady of the house, mistress;--=de gobierno= housekeeper
la =amapola= (red) poppy
=amargamente= bitterly
=amarillento,--a= yellowish; =rojo=--reddish yellow
=ambos,--as= both, the two
=amenazador,--a= menacing, threatening
=amenazar (de)= menace, threaten (with)
=ameno,--a= pleasing, delightful
la =americana= (sack) coat
=amigo,--a= friend
el =amo=,--a master, mistress, housekeeper; ¿=cómo ama=? what do you
mean by housekeeper?
el =amor (a)= love (of)
=amordazar= gag
el =anca, las--s= haunch (es), hip(s), crupper
el =anciano, la--a= old _or_ aged man, old _or_ aged woman
=ancho,-a= wide
=andar= walk, go, go about, be; ¡=anda=! come! =vamos andando= let us be
going; =todo se andará= we'll see to it, everything will be done in due
time
=andrajoso,-a= ragged
=angosto,-a= narrow
=angustioso,-a= painful, distressing
el =animal= animal, brute; wretch
=anonadar= cast down, annihilate; stun
=ansioso,-a (de)= anxious, eager (to)
=ante= before, in the presence of;--=todo=, first of all
el =antecedente= antecedent, preliminary; =de malos=--=s= with a bad
record
=antes= before, first; =--de= (+ _inf_.) before; =--(de) que= (+_subj_.)
before; =--de comer= before eating
=antiguo,-a= old, antique; former
=antojar(se)= (_used only in the third pers_.): =antojársele a uno= take
a fancy, seem good to any one; =se les antoja= they have a notion (to)
=anunciar= announce, predict
=añadir= add
el =año= year; =tener...--s=be...years old; =al--de= a year after
=apacible= peaceful, quiet, pleasant
=apagado,-a= faint, low _(voice)_
=apagar= quench
=aparecer= appear
=aparejar= saddle, rig
la =apariencia= appearance
=apartar= push aside;---=se= leave, turn away, go away
=apenas= hardly, scarcely; as soon as
=apercibir= perceive
el =apetito= appetite
=aplastarse= flatten; =fueron a--en= were flattened against
el =apodo= nickname
=apoyado,-a= leaning (on), resting (on)
apoyar(se) support, lean, rest (on); press; =apóyate= lean on me
=aprender= learn
la =aproximación= proximity, approach
=apuntar= make a note of; aim; =apuntándole= aiming at him; =le tiene
apuntado= has his record
=aquel, aquella= _adj_. that; =aquél, aquélla, aquello= _pron_. that
(one); =todo= =aquello= everything
=aquí= here; =--tienes= here is; =por=--here, this way
el =arañazo= scratch
el =árbol= tree
el =arco= arch
el =arcón= _aug_. large chest
=ardiente= ardent, burning
la =arena= sand
la =argolla= large ring
el =arma= _f_. weapon
=armado,-a= armed
el =armero= gun-rack
la =árnica= arnica
=arrasar= fill; =los ojos arrasados en lágrimas= one's eyes filled with
tears
=arrastrarse= drag along; crawl, creep
=arrodillar(se)= kneel (down); =arrodillado,-a= kneeling
=arrojar= throw (at)
el =asco= nausea, fear; le =dan--las escopetas= he is afraid of guns
el =ascua= _f_. red-hot coal; =--s de fuego= burning coals =asegurar=
assure; =ya se puede=--you may be quite sure
el =aseo= cleanliness
=así= so, thus, like that, such; =--las cosas= thus matters stood;=--lo
dice= that is the way he expresses it
=asomar= appear, show, stick out; =--se= peep over, look in _or_ out
=asombrar= astonish; =asombrado de= amazed at
el =asunto= business, affair, matter
=atacar= attack; =atacado de= attacked by
la =atadura= bond, cord
=Atanasio= Athanasius
=atar= tie, bind
la =atención= attention
=aterrado,-a= terrified
el =átomo= atom
=atreverse (a)= dare, make bold
=aturdir= confuse; =no me aturdas los oídos= do not make me deaf
el =aullido= howl
el =aumento: ir en=--increase
=aun= _or_ =aún= even, yet, still
=aunque= although, even if
el =auxilio= aid, help; _pl_. assistance
=avanzar= advance
la =avaricia= avarice; =con=--greedily
la =avenida= freshet, flood
=avergonzarse (ue)= be ashamed; =sin que su amo se avergonzara= without
his master's being ashamed
=ayudar(a)= help, assist (in); =ayudado de= assisted by
el =ayuntamiento= town _or_ city council
=azorado,-a= terrified, trembling
B
¡=bah=! pshaw!
la =bajada= descent
=bajar= descend, come down (stairs); get off; lower
=bajo,-a= low; =el piso=--the ground floor; _adv_. in a low voice, in an
undertone; _prep_. under, beneath
el =barranco= ravine; =el--de ese puente= the ravine under that bridge
=bastar= suffice, be enough; =basta (ya)= this is enough
el =bastón= cane
el =bebedero= watering trough
=beber= drink
=bendito,-a= (_irr. past part. of_ =bendecir=) blessed
el =bien= good, welfare; =hombre de=--honest man
=bien= well; =está=--it is all right; ¡=está--=! very well!
=si=--although
=blanco,-a= white; =el=--mark, target
=blandir= brandish
la =boca= mouth; =--abajo= face down
el =bolsillo= pocket
=bondadoso,-a= kind, kindly
el =boquete= narrow entrance, opening
=bordear= border
el =bosquecillo= _dim_. small grove, clump of trees
el =brazo= arm
=brillante= brilliant, shining
el =brinco= bound, jump; =de un--= with a bound
=bruscamente= brusquely, roughly
=brutal= brutal
=brutalmente= brutally
el =bruto= brute
=buen(o),-a= good; =a buenas= willingly
la =busca: en su=--in search of him (her)
=buscar= look for
=C=
el =caballejo= _dim_. nag
la =caballería= cavalry; mount (_such as horse, mule, donkey, etc_.)
el =caballo= horse; =a=---on horseback
el =cabello= hair; _pl_. hair
la =cabeza= head
la =cabra= goat; =camino de--s= goat trail
=Cachucha= _a nickname_; cap
=cada= each
el =cadáver= lifeless body, corpse
la =cadenilla= _dim_. (small) chain
=caer(se)= fall; =caído= fallen, _(tail)_ between his legs
=caí,-íste,-yó,= _etc., pret. of_ =caer=
la =caída= fall; =--de la tarde= late in the afternoon
=calcinar= calcine, scorch
=cálido,-a= warm
=caliente= hot, warm, fresh _(trail)_
el =calor= heat; =horas de=--hot hours, hot part of the day
=caluroso,-a= hot
=callar(se)= be silent; =¡calla! ¡calle=! hush! I say! gracious! listen!
la =calle= street
la =cama= bed; =a la=--to bed
=cambiar= change, exchange; =--lo de sitio= change its position
el =cambio= change; =en=--in exchange, on the other hand
=caminar= walk, go, travel, move along
la =caminata= walk
el =camino= road, way, path; =ponerse en=--leave, start
la =campana= bell; =echando las--s al vuelo= with a furious ringing of
the bells
la =campanada= stroke _(of the bell)_
=campestre= rural, in the country
el =campo= country, fields
el =canal= canal
la =canana= cartridge belt
el =canario= canary bird
el =candil= _(Spanish)_ lamp (_with wick floating in oil_)
la =canícula= dog days
=canino,-a= canine
=cansado,-a= tired
la =caña= reed, cane
el =cañon= barrel _(of gun)_; =escopeta de dos--es= double-barreled gun
el =capitán= captain
el =capítulo= chapter
la =cara= face; =ponerse a la=--aim
=la carabina= rifle
la =carcajada= (loud) laugh, laughter; =soltar la= (_or_ =una=)==--burst
out laughing
la =caricia= caress
la =caridad= charity
=caritativo,-a= charitable
la =carrera= career, course (of study); =--de ingeniero= course in
engineering; =a la=--, =en una=--in a hurry, on the run
la =carretera= highway, "pike"
el =carrizal= patch of reeds
el =carrizo= sedge, reed
la =carta= letter
el =cartucho= cartridge
la =casa= house; =a=--home; =en=--at home, in the house;
=cerca de=--near home; =--de pueblo= town house
el =cascabel= small bell
=Cascabel= _nickname_
=casi= almost
el =caso= case; =hacer--(de)= pay attention (to), heed
la =categoría= category, rank, class
el =cauce= bed of a stream, stream
=causar= cause
=cavar= dig
=cayendo= _pres. part. of_ =caer=
=cayó= _pret. 3d pers. sing., of_ =caer=
el =cazador= hunter
=cenar= sup, take supper
=centellear= sparkle, glisten
la =centinela= sentinel; =ponerse de--= be posted _or_ serve as sentinel
el =centro= center, middle
=ceñir (i)= encircle, gird on, fit closely; =ceñido al cuerpo= tightly
fitting
=cerca (de)= near; =--de ella= by her side
=cerrar (ie)= close, shut, bar; =--le el paso= block his way
=cesar= cease
=cetrino: de color--= lemon-colored
=ciego,-a= blind
el =cielo= sky, heaven
=cien(to)= (one, a) hundred
=cinco= five
el =cinto= belt
la =cintura= waist
el =cinturón= belt
=ciñendo= _pres. part. of_ =ceñir=
la =claridad= clearness, brightness, light; =con toda--= plainly,
clearly
=clarísimo,-a= very clear, bright
=claro,-a= clear, bright; ¡=--=!of course!
el =cobertizo= shed
=cobrizo,-a= copper-colored
=codiciar= covet, long for
=coger=, catch, pick up, take (out), take hold of, seize
la =cola= tail
el =colegio= academy, private high school
=colgante= hanging (down), hanging out
el =colmillo= fang, tusk
=colocar= place, put
el =color= color
el =collar= collar _(for a dog)_
=comenzar (ie)= commence, begin
=comer= eat, dine
=comestible= eatable; =los--s= eatables
=como= as, as if, provided, how, like; =--que= as, since; ¿=cómo?
(¡cómo!)= how? (!) why? (!) what?
=compadecido,-a= moved to pity
el =compañero= companion, colleague
=completo,-a= complete, perfect; =por--= completely
el _or_ la =cómplice= accomplice
=componer= compose; repair; =sólo se componía de piso bajo= consisted of
only one floor
=comprender= understand; =ya comprendes= of course you understand
=con= with
=conceder= concede, grant
=conduciendo=: _see_ =conducir=
=conducir= lead, conduct, take
=confiar (en)= confide, trust (to, in), intrust
la =conmoción= commotion; =poner en=--arouse, throw in commotion
=conmover (ue)= move, stir, touch; =--se= be touched, moved
=conocer= know; =se ha conocido= has been known; =haber conocido a
usted= have made your acquaintance
=el conocimiento= knowledge, attainment; consciousness
=conseguir (i)= attain, succeed (in); =consiguieron...que don Salvador
tomara= got Don Salvador to take
=consiguió,-ieron= _pret., 3d pers. sing. and pl., of_ =conseguir=
=constar= be clear, evident; appear; =pero conste= but I beg you to
believe
=consultar (con)= consult; =--le= consult with him upon
el =contacto= contact
=contar (ue)= count, tell;--=con= count on
la =contemplación= contemplation, examination
=contener= restrain, hold
=contestar= answer
=continuar= continue; =continuó su camino= he continued on his way
=contra= against, toward
=convenir= suit, be fitting; =conviene= it is best
=la conversación= conversation
=copudo,-a= leafy, with dense foliage; domed
=el corazón= heart; =de todo=--most heartily
=la corbata= cravat, necktie
=Corbel= _prop. noun_
=corpulento,-a= corpulent, large
=el corral= yard
=correr= run, flow; =--por la frente= run down his face
=la cosa= thing; =es=--is something
=la costa= coast
=creer= believe, think
=el crepúsculo= dusk, twilight
=creyendo= _pres. part. of_ =creer=
=el criado=, la =-a= servant
=el criminal= criminal
=cruzar= cross
=la cuadra= stable
=el cuadrillero= patrolman
=el cuadro= picture; =--(de tierra)= plot _or_ bed _(in a garden)_
=cual= which, what; like, as; =el(la, lo)=--who, whom, which
¿=cuál=? which?
=cualquier(a)= any, any one; =a--parte= anywhere
=cuando= when; =de--en--=, =de vez en=--now and then
¿=cuándo=? when?
=cuanto,-a= (_interr. and exclam._ =cuánto=) how much; _pl_. how many,
all that
=cuarenta= forty;=--y ocho= forty-eight
=cuatro= four; a few;=--días después= a few days later
=cubierto= _irr. past part. of_ =cubrir=
=cubrir= cover
el =cuchillo= knife; =--de monte= hunting knife
el =cuello= neck
la =cuenta= account; =darse--(de)= realize
el =cuerpo= body
la =cuesta= hill, slope
la =cuestión= question, matter
la =cueva= cave, cellar; =por la--= from the cellar
el =cuidado= care, worry; ¡=--=! be careful! look out! =tener--= be
careful; =no tenga usted=--don't worry
la =culata= butt (_of a gun_)
la =cumbre= summit, top
=cumplir= comply (with), carry out, complete; =--a pie de la letra=
comply with word for word
la =cuneta= ditch, drain
el =cura= (parish) priest; =el señor=--his Reverence
=curar= cure, heal
=cuyo,-a= whose, of whom, of which, which
=Ch=
el =chaleco= waistcoat, vest
los =chaparrales= thicket, brush
el =charco= pool
=chorrear= drip
=D=
el =dañador= evil-doer, villain
=daño= harm, injury; =hacer--(a)= hurt, harm, do harm
=dar= give, strike _(the hour)_; =--en= hit; =--a luz= give birth
=de= of, from, by, with, in, than; =del (= de + el) que (--la que)= of
whom, of which; =el carrizal--la izquierda= the patch of reeds on the
left
=debajo= below, underneath; =--de= under, below, beneath
=deber= owe; must, ought, should; =--de= must; =debe verse= should be
visible; =debe haber= there must be; =debiera= (+ _inf_.) ought to
=débil= weak
la =debilidad= weakness, faintness
=decidir= decide; =--se (a)= decide
=decir= say, tell, speak; =es=--that is to say, I mean; =di= tell them
=decretar= decree
el =dedo= finger; =--pulgar= thumb
=deducir= deduce
=deduje,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =deducir=
=defender (ie) de= defend (against)
el =defensor= defender
=definir= define
=dejar= let, leave, cease; =--de=, =--se de= cease, stop, fail;
=no--de= be sure to; =déjale= leave him alone
=del = de + el=
=delante= before, first, ahead, in front; =--de= before, in front of;
=tenía=--she had before her
la =delantera= front; =en la=--in front
=delgado,-a= slim, thin
la =delicadeza= delicacy; =con tal=--so carefully
=delicado,-a= delicate
la =demostración= demonstration
=demostrar (ue)= show, prove
la =dentadura= (set of) teeth
=dentro (de)= within; =--de un rato= in a little while
=deparar= give, grant, bestow (upon)
=derecho,-a= right; =--a, a la--a, por la--a= to the right (hand)
=derribar= knock down, throw to the ground
la =derrota= rout, defeat of an army
=desabrochar= unbutton
=desagradecido,-a= thankless, ungrateful, ingrate
=desaparecer= disappear
=desarrollado,-a= developed; =poco=--not greatly developed
=desarrollar= develop
=desbordar(se)= overflow its bank
=descansar (se)=rest
=descender (ie)= descend
=descerrajar= break the lock (of), smash in
=descolgar (ue)= take down _(from the hook)_
=descompuesto,-a= changed, disturbed, distorted
=desconocido,-a= unknown, strange; not recognizable
=descorrer= draw (_a curtain_)
=desde= since, from; =--hoy= from now on; =--que= since, after
la =desdicha= misfortune, trouble
=desear= wish, desire
=desenvainar= unsheathe
la =desesperación= desperation, despair
=desfallecido,-a= faint
la =desgracia= misfortune
=desgraciado,-a= unfortunate; =--del perro= unlucky is the dog
=desierto,-a= deserted
=deslumbrar= dazzle
=desmayado,-a= in a faint
=desmayarse= faint
=despachar= dispatch, finish; get through; hasten
=despertar (ie)= awake, arouse; =al=--on awaking
=después= later, afterwards, then; =--de= after
=desvencijado,-a= rickety
=detalladamente= in detail, minutely
=detener(se)= stop, detain
=detengan= _pres. subj. of_ =detener=
=detrás= behind; =por=--behind
=detuve,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =detener=
devolver (=ue=) return, give back
=devorar= devour
=di, diste, dió=, _etc., pret. of_ =dar=
=di= _imper., 2d pers. sing., of_ =decir=
el =día= day; =de--en=--from day to day
el =diablo= devil
el =diálogo= dialogue
=dice= _pres. ind., 3d pers. sing., of_ =decir=
=diciendo= _pres. part. of_ =decir=
la =dicha= happiness, good fortune
=dicho= _irr. past. part. of_ =decir=
el =diente= tooth
=diera,-n= _imp. subj. of_ =dar=
=dieron= _pret., 3d pers. pl., of_ =dar=
=diez= ten; =las=--ten o'clock
=digo= _pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of_ =decir=
=dije, dijiste, dijo=, _etc., pret. of_ =decir=
=dile= tell him
el =dinero= money
el =dintel= threshold
=Dios= God; =por=--for Heaven's sake; ¡=--mío=! dear me!
=diré,-ás,= _etc., fut. ind. of_ =decir=
la =dirección= direction; =en--a= in the direction of, towards
=dirigirse (a)= direct one's steps (toward), turn (to)
=disgustar= displease; =me disgusta= I don't like (it)
=disparar= shoot (off), fire (off)
=disponer= dispose, order; =--se= arrange, prepare
la =disposición= disposition, order, mood, disposal; =a=--at the
disposal
=dispuesto= _past part. of_ =disponer=; _adj_. disposed, ready
=dispuse,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =disponer=
la =distancia= distance; =a corta=--at a short distance; =de=--away
=distinguir= distinguish; =parecía--se= there seemed to stand out
=dividir= divide; =voy a--le por la mitad= I am going to cut him in two
=doce= twelve; =a las=--at twelve o'clock
el =dolor= pain, grief
=dolorosamente= painfully, dismally
=doloroso,-a= sad, painful, dismal
=don= Don _(a title of respect used before Christian names only)_
el =don= gift
=donde= (_interr_. =dónde=) where, (in) which; =a=--where; =en=--in _or_
on which; =por=--through which; ¿=--? ¿a--=? where?
=dormir (ue)= sleep
=dos= two
la =duda= doubt; =sin=--doubtless
=dudar= doubt, hesitate; =--de= doubt
=dudoso,-a= doubtful, uncertain
=dulce= sweet, soft, gentle
=durante= during, for
=durar= last
=durmiendo= _pres. part. of_ =dormir=
=duro,-a= hard
el =duro= 5 peseta piece= (_normally one U.S. dollar or 4 British
shillings_)
=E=
=e= and (_before initial_ =i= _or_ =hi=)
=echar= throw; begin; =--de menos= miss; =--la campana al vuelo= ring
the bell furiously; =--se= throw one self down, lie down
la =edad= age; =tiene mucha=--is advanced in age
=educar= educate, bring up, develop
=efectivamente= really, in fact
=ejecutar= execute, carry out; =--se= be executed
el =ejemplar= copy
=ejercer= perform, exercise
el =ejercicio= exercise
el =ejército= army
=el, la, lo, los, las= the; =el= (=la=, _etc_.,) =de= that of, the one
of; =el= (=la=, _etc_.) =que= he (she, _etc_.) who, the one who; =al (=a
+ el) que= to the one who _or_ whom; =al= (+ _inf_.) on, in (+ _pres.
part_.); =lo que= that which
=él, ella, ello= he, it; she, it; it; =le, la, lo= him, it, you; her,
it, you; him, it, you; =le= to him, her, it, you; =ellos, ellas= they;
=los, las= them, you; =les= to them, you; _(after a preposition)_ =él=
him, it; =ella= her, it; =ello= it; =ellos, ellas=, them
=elevado,-a= high
=elevar= elévate, raise
=ella, ellos, ellas, ello=: _see_ =él=
=embargo: sin=--nevertheless
la =emboscada= ambuscade, ambush
=empapado,-a= drenched, soaked
=emplear= employ
=empolvado,-a= dusty, covered with dust
=emprender= undertake, begin; =--a galope= start on a gallop
=empujar= push, push open, shove
=en= in, on, into, at, to, within
=encaminarse= start on one's way; =debe--a= should be directed toward
=encapotarse= cloud over
=encendido,-a= burning, hot, red _(with heat)_, flushed
=encerrar (ie)= inclose; =se encierra= is contained, inclosed
la =enciclopedia= encyclopedia
=encima (de)= on, upon; on top (of); =de--de= from; =por--de= above,
over
la =encina= oak _(the so-called evergreen oak)_
=enclavado,-a= nailed, rooted
=encomendarse (ie)= commend oneself
=encontrar (ue)= meet, find; =--se= be, feel
=encubierto= _irr. past part. of_ =encubrir=
=encubrir (de)= cover (with)
el =encuentro= meeting
el =enemigo=, la =--a= enemy; =soy--de= I dislike to
la =enfermedad= illness, disease
=enjuto,-a= dry
=enmarañar= tangle, dishevel
=enorme= enormous
=enrojecido,-a= reddened
=ensanchar= broaden
=ensayar=(=se=) rehearse; =como si se hubieran ensayado= as if they had
rehearsed it
=enseñar= teach, show; =--se= be taught
=entender (ie)= understand; =--se= understand each other, have an
understanding, come to an agreement
=enterar(se) (de)= inform, acquaint (oneself) (with), find out
la =entonación= tone, accent
=entonces= then
=entornado,-a= closed but not fastened, slightly ajar
la =entrada= entrance
=entrar (en)= enter; bring, take; =--se (en)= enter, go (into)
=entre= between, among, in
el =entrecejo= space between the eyebrows
=entregado,-a= given over, given up;--=a= engaged in, busied with
=entregar= deliver, hand (over)
=envainar= sheathe
la =época= epoch, time
=era= _imp. ind. of_ =ser=
=eres= _pres. ind., 2d pers. sing., of_ =ser=
=erguido,-a= erect
=erizado,-a= bristling, standing on end
=es=: _see_ =ser=
=escaparse= escape
=escarbar= scratch, dig
=esconderse= hide; =fué a=--went to hide, hid
la =escopeta= gun; =--de dos cañones= double-barreled gun; =se puso
la--a la cara= (_he put the gun to his cheek =_) he aimed
=escuchar= listen (to)
=ese,-a,-os,-as= _adj_. that, those; =ése,-a,-os,-as, eso= _pron_. that
(one), those; =eso es= that's it; =eso de= all this about
el =esfuerzo= effort
la =esgrima= fencing
=espacioso,-a= spacious
la =espalda= back; =de--s= backwards; =estar de--s= have one's back
turned; =a la=--behind one's back
=espantar= terrify
el =espanto= terror
=espantoso,-a= frightful, terrible
el =espejo= looking-glass
=esperar= hope, wait for, expect, await; meet
el =espesar= thicket
=espeso,-a= heavy, thick, dense
=esquivar:--el cuerpo= dodge
la =estampa= stamp; appearance
=estar= be =este,-a,-os,-as= _adj_. this, these; =éste,-a,-os, -as,
esto= _pron_. this (one), these, those; the latter
la =estima= esteem; =tener en gran=--esteem highly
=estornudar= sneeze
=estoy, estás,= _etc., pres. ind. of_ =estar=
=estrechar= press; =le iba estrechando= was closing in upon him
=estrellarse= break, dash (=sobre= against)
el =estremecimiento= trembling, shudder
=estrepitoso,-a= noisy, loud
el =estropajo= brush
=eterno,-a= eternal, ceaseless
=exclamar= exclaim, shout
la =exhalación= exhalation, flash
=exhalar= exhale, breathe; utter, give vent to; =--se= be given off
el =expedicionario= member of an expedition
la =explicación= explanation
=extender (ie)= extend, hold out; =--se= spread
el =exterminio= extermination
=extrañar= wonder (at); seem strange, surprise
=extremado,-a= excessive, great
el =extremo= end, extreme
=F=
=fácil= easy
la =facha= appearance
la =falta= lack, wrong, fault; =hacer---(a)= be needed (by); =que
buena--le hace= because it needs it very much
=faltar= lack, be lacking, fail; =le faltan las fuerzas= he lacks
strength
la =familia= family
=famoso,-a= famous
la =fatiga= fatigue
=fatigado,-a= fatigued, worn out
=fatigar= tire, overwork
=fatigoso,-a= fatiguing; =de un modo=--with great difficulty
la =fe= faith
=feliz= happy
=femenino,-a= feminine
=feo,-a= ugly, homely
=fiarse (de)= trust
la =fiera= wild beast
=fijamente= fixedly
=fijar= fix
el =fin= end; =al--, en--, por=--finally, after all, in short; well
_(impatiently)_
=la fineza= favor, kindness; =procuraré=... I shall try to give you a
choice morsel
=firme= firm; ¡=--=! steady!
=firmemente= firmly
=físico,-a= physical
=flaco,-a= thin, lean
=flaquear= give way _(as one's legs)_; grow weak _or_thin
el =fondo= bottom, depth
el =forastero= stranger; _adj_. strange
=formar= form, make
=formular= formulate, give (_a groan or whine, etc._)
la =fortuna= fortune, good fortune; =por=--fortunately
=Fortuna= _prop. noun_
el =fósforo= _(phosphorus)_ match _(which is poisonous)_
la =frase= phrase, saying
el =fray =fraile= friar, brother; =--Luís de León= _a great Spanish
poet_, 1528-1591
=frecuente= frequent
la =frente= brow, forehead; =con la--alta= with his head high; _m_.
front; =de=--in front
el =fresno= ash _(tree)_
=fruncir:--el entrecejo= frown, knit one's brows
=fué=: _see_ =fuí=
el =fuego= fire; =hacer--(a)= fire (at), shoot
la =fuente= spring, fountain; platter
=fuera= _imp. subj. of_ =ser= _and_ =ir=
=fuerte= strong, vigorous, loud
la =fuerza= force, strength, power; =--s= strength; =con=--with all
(one's) might; =por=--of course; =a--de= by dint of; =con más=--louder;
=con gran=--hard
=fuí, fuiste, fué=, _etc., pret. of_ =ir= _and_ =ser=; =fueron saliendo=
came out of
la =función= function, duty
=funesto,-a= sad, fatal
la =furia= fury, rage; =con=--furiously
=furioso,-a= furious; =se abalanzó=--threw himself furiously
=G=
el =galope= gallop
la =gana= _or_ las =--s= desire; =de buena=--gladly, willingly; =se les
pasaban grandes--de saber= were very anxious to know; =tener--de= wish
la =garganta= throat
el =garrote= heavy, stick, club
=gatas: a=--on all fours
el =gemido= groan, whine
=gemir (i)= groan, moan, whine
=general= general
=generalmente= generally, usually
la =gente= people
la =gimnasia= gymnastics; =hacer la=--practise athletics; =ejercicios de
la=--gymnastic exercises
el =gimnasio= gymnasium
=girar= revolve, whirl
el =gobierno=: _see_ =ama=
la =golondrina= swallow
=Golondrina= _nickname_
la =golosina= tidbit, choice morsel
el =golpe= blow, knock, beating; =de=--with a bang
=golpear= beat, strike
la =gota= drop; =--a=--drop by drop
el =gozo= joy
=gracias= I thank you, thanks; =--a Dios= Heaven be thanked, thank God
=gran=: _see_ =grande=
=gran(de)= large, great; =--s ruegos= earnest supplications
la =gratitud= gratitude
=grave= grave, serious; ill
la =Grecia= Greece
=gritar= shout; =le gritó= shouted at him
el =grito= shouting, scream, cry, shriek; =dar--s= shout; =a voz en=--at
the top of his voice
el =gruñido= growl; =lanzando un=--growling
=gruñir= growl; =--sordamente= give a low growl
el =grupo= group
el =guarda= guard, keeper
la =guardesa= keeper, keeper's wife
el _or_ la =guardia= guard; =la--civil= (rural) police; =el--civil=
(rural) policeman
la =guerra= war
=H=
=ha= _pres. ind., 3d pers. sing., of_ =haber=
=haber= have; be there, there...be, be; =hay (había)= there is (was),
there are (were); ¿=qué hay=? what is the matter? well? =--de= be to;
¿=qué ha de tener=? what can (he) have? =hay que= we must; =no hay que=
there is no need of; =no habrá tenido nunca= has never had
la =habilidad= ability, accomplishment
la =habitación= room, dwelling
=hablar= speak, talk
=habré,-ás,-á,= _etc., fut. ind. of_ =haber=
=habría,-ías,= _etc., cond. of_ =haber; habría sido perro....= he must
have been a dog....
=hacer= make, do; =--fuego= fire; =hace dos años= two years ago; =hace
más de veinticuatro horas que= for more than twenty-four hours; ¿=qué
hacemos (de)=? what are we to do (with)?
=hacia= towards
=haga= _pres. subj. of_ =hacer=
=hallar= find; =--se= be, find oneself
el =hambre= _f_. hunger
el =harapo= rag
=haré,-ás,-á,= _etc., fut. ind. of_ =hacer=
=haría,-ías,= _etc., cond. of_ =hacer=
=hasta= until, as far as, even; =--que= until
=hay=: _see_ =haber=
=haya= _pres. subj. of_ =haber=
=haz= _imper., 2d pers. sing., of_ =hacer=
la =hazaña= achievement, deed; =vaya una=--well! this is a brave deed
=he, has, ha=, _etc., pres. ind. of_ =haber=
=hecho= _irr. past part. of_ =hacer=
=hemos= _pres. ind., 1st pers. pl., of_ =haber=
la =herida= wound
=herir (ie)= strike, wound; =--se los unos a los otros= hit one another
=hermoso,-a= fine, beautiful
=hice, hiciste, hizo=, _etc., pret. of_ =hacer=
el =hierro= iron; =de=--iron
=higiénico,-a= hygienic, wholesome
el =hijo=, la =---a= son, daughter; =--mío= my son
=hizo= _pret., 3d pers. sing., of_ =hacer=
el =hocico= mouth (_of an animal_), muzzle
la =hoja= leaf
el =hombre= man
la =hora= hour; =a estas--s= now
la =horda= horde
=horizontalmente= horizontally
la =horquilla= pitchfork
el =horror= horror
=hospitalario,-a= hospitable; =tan poco=--not at all hospitable
=hostil= hostile
=hoy= to-day
la =hoz= sickle, scythe
=hubiera,-as,= _etc., imp. subj. of_ =haber=
la =huella= trace, track
el =hueso= bone; =hasta los--s= to the skin
el =huésped,= la--=a= guest
=huir= flee, run away
=humedecer= moisten
=húmedo,-a= damp, humid
el =humor= humor
=huya,-as,= _etc., pres. subj. of_ =huir=
=I=
=iba,-as=, _etc., imp. ind. of_ =ir=
=ido= _past. part. of_ =ir=
la =iglesia= church
=igual= equal, the same; indifferent; =el arma es=--the weapon does not
matter; =por=--equally
el =ijar= flank, side
=iluminar= light up
=ilustrado,-a= illustrious
=imitar= imitate
la =impaciencia= impatience
=impacientarse= grow impatient
=impaciente= impatient; =ya me tienes=--you make me impatient, hold me
in suspense
=imperceptible= imperceptible
=importar= be important; ¿=qué importa=? what does it matter?
=importuno,-a= importunate, unwelcome
=imposible= impossible
=impulsar= impel, drive
=inclinarse= stoop, bend down, bow
=inconsolable= inconsolable
=incorporarse= sit up _(on a couch or in bed, etc.)_
=increíble= incredible
=indeciso,-a= undecided
=indicar= indicate
=indignado,-a= indignant (=ante= at)
=indudablemente= doubtless
el =indulto= pardon, indulgence, leniency
=infame= infamous, wretched, vile; el _or_ la =infame=, infamous person,
wretch
el =ingeniero= engineer; =carrera de=--course in engineering
=inhospitalario,-a= inhospitable
=inmediato,-a= near, next, neighboring
=inmensamente= immensely; =abrió--los ojos= opened his eyes wide
=inmenso,-a= immense, great
la =inscripción= inscription
el =instante= instant, moment; =al=--instantly; =por--s= steadily, from
moment to moment
el =instinto= instinct
=instructivo,-a= instructive
=insufrible= unbearable
la=inteligencia= mind, intelligence
=inteligente= intelligent
la =intención= intention
el =interés= interest
=interesante= interesting
el =interior: allá en su=--to himself, herself, themselves
=interminable= endless
=internarse= plunge, enter, penetrate
=interno,-a= inner, internal
=interrumpir= interrupt; =no interrumpido,-a= uninterrupted
=intimidar= intimidate
=íntimo,-a= intimate
=introducir= introduce, put into
=introduje,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =introducir=
=inútil= useless, in vain
=invadir= invade
=ir= go, walk, be; =--a pie= walk; =va allá= I am coming; =vámonos,
vamos (andando)= let us go; ¡=vamos=! come! =vamos a ver= let us see,
tell me; =iban vestidos= were dressed; =--se= go (away); ¡=vaya=!
(_pres. subj. of_ =ir=) go! come! well! indeed! good for...! ¡=vaya
una...= that's a fine...! =que vaya= let (him) go
=izquierdo,-a= left; =a--a=, =a la--a=, =por la--a= on _or_ to the left
(hand)
=J=
el =jabón= soap
la =jaca= pony
=jamás= ever; =no...=--never
el =jardín= garden
el =jardinero= gardener
el =jefe= chief, leader
el =jirón= rag, tatter, shred
=Job= _prop. noun_; =el libro de=--the Book of Job (_in the Old
Testament_)
la =jofaina= basin
=joven= young
=Juanita= (_dim. of_ =Juana=) Jennie
=Juanito= (_dim. of_ =Juan=) Johnnie
=jugar (ue)= play
=julio= July
=juntar= join, bring together, clasp
=junto,-a= near (to), close (to)
=jurar= swear
=justo,-a= just, right; precisely; =el--o= just man
=L=
=la, las=: _see_ =él= _and_ =el=
la =ladera= slope; =a media=--halfway up (_or_ down) the slope
el =lado= side; =al--de= beside, with; =por ese=--in that direction
=ladrar= bark
el =ladrido= bark, barking
la =lágrima= tear
la =lamentación= lamentation
el =lamento= lamentation, wailing
=lamer= lick
=lanzar= hurl, give (forth), utter; =--se a la carrera= rush
=largo,-a= long
la =lástima= pity; ¡=qué--=! what a pity! =es=--it's too bad, it's a
pity
=latir= beat, throb
=lavar= wash
=le=: _see_ =él=
=leal= loyal
el =lector= reader
la =lectura= reading
el =lecho= couch, bed
=leer= read
=leído= _past part. of_ =leer=
=lejano,-a= in the distance
=lejos= far, far away, distant; =a lo=--in the distance; =desde=--from a
distance
la =lengua= tongue
el =lenguaje= language
la =letra= letter _(of the alphabet)_; =al pie de la=--literally,
exactly
=levantar= raise, lift; =--se= rise, arise
=leve= slight, light, not serious
=librar= free, save, deliver; =--se= free oneself
el =libro= book
el =lienzo= linen, duck
la =ligereza= swiftness; =con=--quickly, nimbly
=ligerísimo,-a= very light
=ligero,-a= light, slight, thin
=limpiar= clean, wipe (off); =--el polvo a= dust
la =línea= line
la =linterna= lantern
=lo, los=: _see_ =él= _and_ =el=
el =lobo= wolf
=loco,-a= mad; =volver=--drive mad; =le había vuelto=--had driven him
mad
el =lodo= mud
=lograr= succeed (in), obtain
el =lomo= back (_of a quadruped_)
la =lona= canvas
=luego= then, soon, immediately
la =luna= moon
la =luz= light
=Ll=
=llamar= call, send for; =--se= be called; ¿=cómo se llamará=? what can
his name be?
=llegar= arrive, reach; =--a= arrive at, come to, go so far as to
=lleno,-a= full; =--de= filled with
=llevar= take, bring, carry; cause; have _(hours of walking, etc.)_
=llorar= weep
=llover (ue)= rain
la =lluvia= rain
=M=
=Macario= _prop. noun_
la =madera= wood; =de=--wooden
la =madre= mother
=mal= _adj_.: _see_ =malo=
=mal= _adv_. badly
=maldito,-a= (_ irr. past part. of_ =maldecir=) cursed
el =malhechor=, la =--a= evil-doer, criminal
=mal(o),--a= evil, bad; sick, ill; =a malas= unwillingly
=mandar= send, order; ¿=qué manda usted=? what do you command _or_ wish?
la =manifestación= manifestation
la =mano= hand; forefoot _(of a dog)_; =a=--at hand
el =manto= mantle, cloak
la =mañana= morning; =por la=--in the morning
el =mar= sea
la =marcha= trip, journey, march, walking, course; ¡=en--=! be off!
march on!
el =marido= husband
=más= more, any more; most
=matar= kill
=mayor= greater, greatest
el =mayordomo= steward
=me= me, to me; myself
la =mecedora= rocking-chair, rocker
el =médico= physician, doctor
=medio,-a= half
el =medio= middle; way, means; =en=--in the middle
el =mediodía= midday
=medroso,-a= timid, filled with fear
=mejor= better, best
la =membrana= membrane
el mendigo, la =--a= beggar
=menor= less, least; slighter, slightest
=menos= minus, less; without, except; =al=--, =por lo--= at least;
=nada--que= none other than; =echar de=--miss; =poco--que= almost
el =mes= month; =a los...meses de...= months after
la =meseta= table-land
=meter= put, place; =estarse metido en casa= be shut up in the house;
=--se por= slip through
el =método= method
el =metro= meter (_3 feet and 3-3/8 inches_)
=mi= _pron_. me; =mi(s)= _adj_. my
el =miedo= fear; =tener--(a)= be afraid (of); =a lo que tengo=--what I
fear; =dar=--frighten
=mientras (que)= while, as long as; =--tanto= in the meanwhile
=mil= (one) thousand; =--gracias= many thanks
el =minuto= minute
=mío,-a= (el, =la=) mine, my
la =mirada= look; eyes
=mirar= look (at); =mira= look here; =se miraba= was looked upon;
=---se= look at each other
=miserable= miserable, wretched; _noun_ wretch
la =miseria= misery, wretchedness, suffering
=misericordioso,-a= merciful
=mismo,-a= same, self; =lo=--the same thing, alike; =lo--(que)= the same
(as), just like
la =mitad= half; =por la=--in two
la =mocedad= youth; _pl_. days of one's youth
el =modo= way, manner; =de todos--s= at all events; =de un=--in a way;
=de un--violento= violently
la =molestia= trouble
el =momento= moment; ¡=al--=! in a moment! immediately; =en estos--s= at
this time
la =montaña= mountain
=montar (en)= mount, ride
el =monte= wooded hill(s), woods; =cuchillo de=--hunting knife
la =moral= morality, morals
la =mordaza= gag; =ponerle una=--put a gag in his (her) mouth, gag
=morir(ue)= die; =--se= be dying; ¿=si se habrá muerto=? can he be dead?
=mover (ue)= move, wag; =--se= move, move about, stir
el =movimiento= movement, motion
el =muchacho=, la =--a= boy, girl
la =muchedumbre= multitude, crowd
=mucho,-a= much, a great deal (of); =--s= many; _adv_. much, very much,
very
el =mueble= piece of furniture; _pl_. furniture
la =mueca= grimace; =hacer--s= make faces
la =muerte= death; =dar la=--kill
=muerto= _irr. past part of_ =morir=
=el muerto=, la =--a= dead man, dead woman; _adj_. dead
=la mujer= woman, wife, my dear (_as a vocative_)
el =mundo= world; =en el=--in this world; =todo el=--everybody
=murmurar= murmur, grumble
el =músculo= muscle
la =música= music
=muy= very
=N=
el =nacimiento= birth
=nada= nothing; not at all, by no means; =no...=--not...anything,
not...at all; =no sabía=--I did not know (anything)
=nadie= no one, nobody; (_after a neg._) any one
la =naturaleza= nature
=negro,-a= black
=nervioso,-a= nervous, vigorous
=ni= neither, nor, not even; =--siquiera= not even
el =nieto=, la =--a= grandson, granddaughter
la =nieve= snow
=ningún= _or_ =ninguno,-a= none, not any, no; =--más= not another one
el =niño,= la =--a= (little) boy, girl, child
=no= no, not
=noble= noble
=nocturno,-a= nightly; =servicio--de carretera= night duty on the public
road
la =noche= night, evening; =esta=--to-night; =era de=--it was night
la =nodriza= nurse
el =nombre= name
=nos= us, ourselves, each other
=nosotros,--as= we; us
la =noticia= notice, news
la =nube= cloud
=nuestro,-a=, our
=nuevo,-a=, new; =de=--again, once more
=nunca= never, ever
=O=
=o= or; =o...o= either...or
=obedecer= obey
el =objeto= object, purpose
=obscurecer= darken, grow dark
=observar= observe, watch
el =ocaso= setting _(of the sun)_, west
=ocultar= hide, conceal
=ocupado,-a,= busy
=ocupar= occupy; =que nos ocupa = que ocupa nuestra atención=
=ocurrir(se)= occur, happen; =lo ocurrido= what has (had) happened; =se
le ocurre a alguno= it occurs to some one
=ocho= eight
=oficiar= report officially, give official notice
el =oficio= business, trade, duty
=ofrecer= offer
=oído= _past part. of_ =oír=
el =oído= ear, hearing
=oigo, oyes=, _etc., pres. ind. of_ =oír=
=oír= hear, listen; =--se= be heard; =se oye, óyese= is heard; ¡=oye=!
¡=oiga usted=! listen!
el =ojo= eye; ¡=--=! look out! attention!
la =ola= wave
el =óleo= oil; =al=--in oil
=olfatear= smell, scent
el =olfato= sense of smell
=oponer= oppose; =--se (a)= oppose, be opposed (to)
=opuse,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =oponer=
la =oreja= ear
el =órgano= organ
el =origen= origin
la =orilla= bank (_of a stream_), shore
=os= you, to you
=otro,-a= other, another, different; =otros cuatro= four more
=oye= _pres. ind., 3d pers. sing., of_ =oír; óyese= = =se oye=
=oyó, oyeron= _pret., 3d pers., of_ =oír=
=P=
el =pabellón,= pavilion, summer-house
la =paciencia= patience
=pacífico,-a= peaceful, peaceable, quiet
el =padre= father
=pagar= pay; =me las pagará= he will pay me for it
la =palabra= word, speech, words
=pálido,-a= pale
la =palmada= slap (_with the open hand_)
el =palo= stick
el =pan= bread
el =pantalón= trousers
la =pantera= panther
el =pañuelo= handkerchief
el =papel= paper; part (_in a performance_)
el =par= pair; =de--en=--wide open
=para= for; to; (+ _inf_.) in order to; =--que= in order that
=parafrasear= paraphrase
=parecer= seem, appear
el =parecer= opinion; =al--= apparently
la =pared= wall
la =pareja= pair, couple
la =parte= part; side; =en cualquier=--anywhere
=pasar= pass, come in, happen, pass away; spend (_as time_), go through,
suffer; ¿=qué te pasa=? what is the matter with you?
=pasearse= stroll, take a walk
el =paseo= promenade, walk; =dar un=--take a walk; =--campestre= walk
across country
el =paso= step, pace, passage, outlet; way; =al--=, =de--= on the way;
=dar--(a)= lead (to), open (on)
la =pata= paw, foot (_and lower leg of an animal_); =--trasera= hind
foot _or_ leg
=patético,-a= pathetic
la =pausa= pause; =con--= slowly
=peculiar= peculiar
el =pecho= chest, breast, bosom
el =pedazo= piece; =--s de brutos= you brutes
=pedir (i)= ask for, pray, beg; =--a= ask of; =pídeselo= ask it of him
=pedregoso,-a= stony
el =peligro= danger
el =pelo= hair
la =pena= trouble, sorrow
=penetrar= penetrate; =al--aquella turba en el jardín= when that crowd
entered the garden
el =pensamiento= thought
=peor= worse, worst; all the worse
=pequeño,-a= little, small
=perder= lose; =no se ha perdido todo= not all is lost; =trabajo
perdido= all in vain
los =perdigones= small shot
=perdonar= pardon, forgive
=perfectamente= perfectly
=perfecto,-a= perfect
=permanecer= remain
=permitir= permit
=pero= but
el =perro= dog
el =perseguidor= pursuer
=perseguir (i)= persecute, pursue
la =persiana= Venetian blind
=persiguiendo= _pres. part, of_ =perseguir=
la =persona= person
=pertenecer= belong
=pertenezco= _pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of_ =pertenecer=
=pesadamente= heavily, with difficulty
=pesado,-a= heavy
el =peso= weight
el =pico= beak, bill
=pida,-as,-a,= _etc., pres. subj. of_ =pedir=
el =pie= foot, leg (_of chair, table, etc._); =a=--on foot; =ir
a=--walk; =al--de la letra= literally, exactly; =--a tierra= dismount
la =piedra= stone
la =piel= skin
la =pierna= leg
=la pila= trough; =--de piedra= stone trough _or_ basin
=el piso= floor, story (_of a house_); =--principal= main floor
(_usually the second floor_); =--bajo= ground floor
=plano: de=--with full force, straight down
la =planta= plant
=plantar= plant
la =plaza= public square
el =plazo= term, time _(set for anything_), time limit
=pobre= poor
=pobrecito,-a= _dim_.¡=--o=!poor boy! poor thing! =la--a= poor little
girl
=pobremente= poorly
=poco,-a= little; _pl_. few; =a=--in a little while; =--a=--little by
little, slowly; =--menos que= almost
=poder (ue)= can, may, be able; =puede que= (+_subj_.) perhaps, it may
be that; =como pudo= as best he (she) could
=podré,-ás,= _etc., fut. ind._ =poder=
la =polea= pulley, tackle block; =--s= chest weights (_in a gymnasium_)
=Polonia= _prop. noun_
el =polvo= dust
=pon= _imper., 2d pers. sing_., _of_ =poner=
=pondré,-ás=, _etc., fut. ind. of_ =poner=
=poner= put, put on, place, set, give; =--se a la cara= aim; =--se= put
on, become, get; =--en pie= stand up, be on one's feet; =de un brinco se
puso en pie= jumped to his feet
=por= by, through, along, on, for, for the sake of, on account of, over,
in, in order to, to; =--si= in case; =--aquí= here, this way; =--grave
que sea= however serious it may be
el =poro= pore
=porque= because; ¿=por qué=? why?
=poseer= possess
el =postigo= postern, small (back) gate
la =postura= posture, position
el =poyo:--de piedra= stone bench
el =pozo= well
la =precaución= precaution; =tener=--be cautious
=precioso,-a= precious, fine, delightful
=precipitadamente= precipitously, hastily; =entró=--rushed into; =
salir=--rush out
=precipitado,-a= hasty, rapid; =--a respiración= panting
=precipitarse= hasten, rush
=precisamente= precisely, exactly, just
=preciso,-a= necessary
=preferente= preferred, select
=preguntar= ask (_a question_)
=preocupado,-a (en)= preoccupied (with), thinking only (of)
=preparar= prepare, get ready
la =presa= catch, prey; =hacer--en= seize, take hold of
la =presencia= presence
=presentar= present, hand, give, show; =--se= appear
=presente= present
=presentir (ie)= have a foreboding of
el =presidio= prison, penitentiary
=presintiendo= _pres. part. of_ =presentir=
=prestar= lend, give
=prevenido,-a= ready
=primer(o),-a= first; =lo--o= the first thing; =--o= _adv_. at first
el =principio= principle
la =prisa= hurry; =de=--quickly
=probar(ue)= try, prove
=procurar= try (to)
=producir= produce
=profundo,-a= profound, deep
el =prójimo= neighbor, fellow-man
=prolongado,-a= prolonged, long
=prometer= promise
=pronto= prompt, soon, quick(-ly); =al=--at first; =de=--suddenly; =por
de=--meanwhile
=pronunciar= pronounce, utter
=propio,-a= own; =--de= peculiar to
=proponer= propose; =--se= propose, determine
el =propósito= purpose; =a=--suitable
=propuesto= _past part. of_ =proponer=
=proteger= protect
el =provecho= profit, advantage
la =providencia= providence, good genius; ¡=hay--=! there is a
providence!
=próximo,-a= next, near
=proyectar= throw; =--sombra= cast a shadow, give shade
=pude,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =poder=
el =pueblo= town; people; =casa de=--town house
=pueda, puedas=, _etc., pres. subj. of_ =poder=
=puedo, puedes=, _etc., pres. ind. of_ =poder=
el =puente= bridge
la =puerta= door, doorway, gate
=pues= then, well; for; =--bien= well then; =--si= but indeed; =--nada=
no matter
=pulgar: el dedo=--thumb
el =pulmón= lung
el =pulso= pulse
el =puñado= handful
=puse,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =poner=
=Q=
=que= _pron_. who, which, that; =el (la, los, las)=--who, the one who,
which; =lo=--which, that which; =por lo=--wherefore, therefore
=que= _adv. and conj_. that, because, as, for, how, than
¿=qué=? what? which? ¡=--=! what! how! ¿=a--=? why? for what purpose?
¿=--hay=? what's the matter?
=quedar(se)= remain, be; =se había quedado solo= had been left alone;
=--se dormido= fall asleep
=quejarse= complain, moan, groan
=querer= wish, want; try; love
=quien= (_pl_. =quienes=) who, whom, he who, _etc.; interr. and exclam_.
=quién (quiénes)= who, whom
=quiero, quieres=, _etc., pres. ind. of_ =querer=
=quince= fifteen
=quinientos,-as= five hundred
=quise,-iste,-o=, _etc., pret. of_ =querer=
=quisiera,-as,= _etc., imp. subj. of_ =querer=
=quitar= take away, take off
=R=
la =rabia= rabies, hydrophobia; anger, rage
=rabiar= be mad; have hydrophobia
=rabioso,-a= mad
el =rabo= tail; =con el--caído= with his tail between his legs
la =rampa= declivity, sloping road
=rápidamente= very quickly
la =rapidez= rapidity
=rápido,-a= rapid, steep
=rasgar= tear
el =rastro= trace, trail
el =rato= while, moment; =largos--s= long hours, much time; =al
poco=--soon, in a little while; =para=--for a while
=rayado,-a= striped
el =rayo= ray
la =raza= race, breed
=reanimar= reanimate, arouse, cheer; =--se= revive
el =rebato= alarm
=rebosar= overflow with
el =recelo= misgiving, suspicion; =con=--suspiciously
=receloso,-a= suspicious, apprehensive
el =recibimiento= reception
=recibir= receive, meet
=recobrar= recover, regain
=recoger= pick up, take up, catch, gather, reap; =el que siembra recoge=
he who sows, reaps (_that is_, he who does a kind act is rewarded)
=recoja,-as,= _etc., pres. subj. of_ =recoger=
=reconocer= reconnoiter, examine
=recorrer= run through, scour, scout
el =recuerdo= keepsake, souvenir
=recuperar= recover, get back
=rechazo: de=--rebounding
=rechinar= creak; =hacer=--gnash
el =reflejo= reflex, reflection, ray
=refugiarse= take refuge
=regresar= return
=reinar= reign
=reír (i),--se= laugh
el =relámpago= flash of lightning
el =reloj= clock
=remendar (ie)= mend, patch
=repartir= distribute, divide, share
=repentino,-a= sudden
=reponer= reply
=repugnante= repugnant, loathsome
=repuse,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =reponer=
=resbaladizo,-a= slippery
=resolver (ue),--se= resolve, settle, determine
el =resoplido= snort, puff
=respetable= highly esteemed, greatly respected
=respetuosamente= respectfully
la =respiración= breathing
=respirar= breathe
=resplandecer= shine
la =respuesta= reply
=resueltamente= resolutely
=resuelto= _past. part. of_ =resolver=
=resultar= result, be as a result, be the consequence, prove to be
la =retirada= retreat
=retirarse= retire, withdraw
el =retiro= withdrawal, retreat
el =retrato= portrait; =--al óleo= oil painting
=retroceder= retreat; =--de espaldas= retreat backwards
=reunir= assemble
=reventar (ie)= burst, die
el =revólver= revolver
=rezar= pray
=rico,-a= rich
=riendo= _pres. part. of_ =reír=
el =río= river
=robar(a)= rob, steal (from); =me han robado a Juanito= they have stolen
Johnnie from me _or_ they have stolen my Johnnie
=robusto,-a= robust, strong, stout
la =roca= rock, stone
=rodar (ue)= roll
=rodear= put around, surround; =rodeando con un brazo= putting an arm
around; =rodeado de= surrounded by
la =rodilla= knee; =de--s= on one's knees
=rogar(ue)= beg, beseech, entreat
=rojizo,-a= (_from_ =rojo=) reddish
=rojo,-a= red; =--amarillento= reddish yellow
=Roma= Rome
=romper= break, tear
el =rostro= face, countenance
=roto,-a= _irr. past. part. of_ =romper=
el =ruego= entreaty, coaxing
el =rugido= roar
=rugir= roar
el =ruido= noise
=S=
la =sábana= sheet
=saber= know, know how (to), hear about; =al=--when he heard about; =ya
lo sé= I know it
=sabio,-a=, wise, learned; trained
el =sable= sabre
=sacar= take out
la =sala-cocina= kitchen (_serving as living room and dining room_)
la =salida= exit, outlet, way out, outskirts
=salir= go out, come out, get out; =--de casa= leave the house
=saltar= jump, leap
el =salto= leap, jump; =dar--s= jump, leap, jump about; =de dos--s= with
two leaps
la =salvación= salvation, rescue
=salvador,-a= saving
=Salvador Bueno= _prop. noun_
=salvar= save, rescue; =--se= save oneself, escape; =sálvese= let him
save himself, let him escape
la =sangre= blood
=sano,-a= healthy, sound, wholesome, sane
=satisfecho,-a= satisfied
=se= _refl. pron_. himself, herself, itself, yourself, oneself,
themselves, yourselves; each other, one another; =--ve= is seen _(the
reflexive construction of a verb often takes the place of the passive
voice)_
=se = le= _or_ =les= _in_ =se le, se la, se lo, se los, se las=
=sé= _pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of_ =saber=
=seco,-a= dry
el =secretario= secretary
=secuestrado,-a=, held for ransom
el =secuestrador= kidnapper
el =secuestro= kidnapping
la =sed= thirst; =tener=--be thirsty; =qué--tenía= how thirsty he was
=seguir (i)= follow, continue, go on, get on; =seguido de= followed by;
=sigámoslo= let us follow it _or_ him
=segundo,-a= second
el =segundo= second
la =seguridad= surety, certainty; =tengo la completa--de= I am perfectly
sure
=seguro,--a= sure, secure, safe; =--de que= sure that; =de=--probably,
surely, I am sure
=seis= six
la =semana= week
=sembrar (ie)= sow, plant; =sembrado de= sown with, covered with; _see_
=recoger=
la =senda= footpath
=sentar(ie)= suit, agree (with); =--se= sit down, be seated
la =sentencia= sentence
el =sentido= sense; =buen=--good sense, correct meaning _(of words)_;
=perder el=--lose consciousness
=sentir (ie)= feel; regret, be sorry; =--se= feel
la =seña= sign
la =señal= sign, mark; =en--de alianza= as a mark of friendship
=señalar= point out _or_ at
el =señor= Mr., sir; gentleman, man, master
el =señorito= _dim_. young gentleman, young man, sir
=separar(se)= separate; =no separa la vista de= does not take his eyes
off
=sepulcral= sepulchral
=ser= be; =soy yo= it is I; ¡=eres tú=! is it you! ¿=qué será de=? what
will become of? =a no--por= except for
=sereno,-a= serene, cheerful
=sería,-as,= _etc., cond. of_ =ser=
el =servicio= service; =--nocturno= night-watch, night duty
=sesenta= sixty
=si= if, whether; why, indeed; =--es= the truth is, the fact is;
=por=--in case
=sí= yes, indeed; =tú sí que estás rabioso= it's you that's mad
=sido= _past part. of_ =ser=
=siempre= always; =corría y corría=--kept on running
=siga,-as,= _etc., pres. subj. of_ =seguir=
=sigue= _pres. ind., 3d pers. sing., of_ =seguir=
=siguiera,-as,= _etc., imp. subj. of_ =seguir=
=siguió, siguieron= _pret., 3d pers., of_ =seguir=
el =silencio= silence
=silencioso,-a= silent
la =silla= chair; =--mecedora= rocking-chair
=sin= without; =--...nada= without...anything; =--que= without, unless
=sino= but, but also, except; =--que= but; =no...=--only
=sintiendo= _pres. part. of_ =sentir=
=sintió, sintieron= _pret., 3d pers., of_ =sentir=
el =síntoma= symptom
=siquiera= even, just, at least; =ni=--not even
el =sitio= place; =en su=--in the right place; =cambiarlo de=--change
its position
la =situación= situation, condition
=situado,-a= situated
=sobre= on, upon; =--todo= above all, especially
=sobresaltado,-a=, startled, in alarm
=socorrer= succor, help
el =sofá= sofa, couch
el =sol= sun, sun's rays
=solamente= only
=solitario,-a= solitary
=solo,-a= alone, single, mere; empty, deserted; _adv_. =sólo= only,
merely
=soltar (ue)= let loose, utter, say
la =sombra= shade, shadow; =a la=--in the shade
el =sombrero= hat
=sombrío,-a= dark, gloomy
=somos= _pres. ind., 1st pers. pl., of_ =ser=
=sonar (ue)= sound, ring, tinkle; =parece que ha sonado= it seems to me
I heard the sound of
la =sonrisa= smile
=soñar (ue)= dream (=con= about)
=sordamente: gruñir=--give a low growl
=soy= _pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of_ =ser=
=su= his, her, its, your, their
=suavemente= gently, softly
la =suavidad= gentleness
=subir= rise, climb, bring up, take up
=suceder= happen
=sucio,-a= dirty, soiled
el =sudor= sweat, perspiration
el =suelo= ground, floor
la =suerte= luck
=sujeto,-a= fast, fixed; =tener=--hold (down)
=superior= superior
la =súplica= supplication, entreaty
=suplicante= imploring
=suspender= suspend
el =susto= fright, scare; =dar un=--frighten
=suyo,-a=, (of) his, hers, its, theirs, yours; =los--s= his men
=T=
=tal= such, that; =con--que= provided that; =--vez= perhaps, possibly
=también= also, too
=tampoco= neither, not either, nor (he, she) either
=tan= so
=tanto,-a= so much (many), as much (many); =--...cuanto= as much...as;
=no--= not quite so bad
la =tapia= wall _(of dried mud or earth and lime, about a garden or
yard)_
la =tardanza= delay, detention, lateness
=tarde= late; =más=--later (on)
la =tarde= afternoon
=te= thee, you; to thee, you
=técnico,-a= technical
=temblar (ie)= tremble
=tembloroso,-a= trembling, quaking
=temer (se)= fear
=temeroso,-a= apprehensive, afraid
la =temperatura= temperature
la =tempestad= tempest, storm
=tender (ie)= stretch, hold out, extend; =--se= stretch oneself out
=tendré,-ás,= _etc., fut. of_ =tener=
=tendría,-ías,= _etc., cond. of_ =tener=
=tener= have, hold; =--que= have to; ¿=qué tienes=? what is the matter?
=verás lo que tiene= you will see what's the matter with him; =tienes la
cara encendida= your face is (as) red; =--se en pie= stand up; =tendría
cuarenta años de edad= she was about forty years old
=tenga,-as=, _etc., pres. subj. of_ =tener=
=tengo, tienes=, _etc., pres. ind. of_ =tener=
=tenue= faint
=tercer(o),-a= third
=terminar= end, finish
el =terreno= ground, region
=terrible= terrible, frightful
el =terror= terror, fright
la =tez= complexion
=ti= you, thee
el =tiempo= time, weather; =a=--in time; =a un=--at the same time
la =tierra= earth, land, ground
=tímido,-a= timid
=tirar= throw, throw away
el =tiro= shot; =a--s= by firing (at it)
=tocar (a)= ring (for); touch
=todavía= still, yet; =--no= not yet
=todo= everything, all; =--el= all the, the whole; =--lo= everything;
=--el que= every one who; =--lo que= all that; =sobre=--especially
=tomar= take; =--a la derecha= turn to the right; =toma= well
=toque,-es,= _etc., pres. subj. of_ =tocar=
el =toque= signal, ringing _(of bells)_; =--de rebato= alarm bell
=torcer (ue)= twist, bend, turn
la =tormenta= storm
el =tornillo= screw, thumbscrew
la =torre= (church) tower
el =torrente= torrent
=torvo,-a=, stern, grim
=trabajar= work, toil
el =trabajo= work; =--perdido= labor lost, all in vain
=tráelo:= _see_ =traer=
=traer= bring, bring back, take, give; =tráelo= give it (to me)
=tragar= swallow
el =traidor= traitor
=traigo= _pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of_ =traer=
el =traje= suit _(of clothes)_, dress, clothes, costume
la =trampa= trapdoor
=transcurrir= pass, go by _(of time)_
=trasero,-a= hind _(leg, etc.)_
=trayendo= _pres. part. of_ =traer=
=treinta= thirty
=trémulo,-a= trembling
=trepar= climb
=tres= three
=triste= sad, mournful
el =trueno= thunder, peal _or_ crash of thunder
=tú= _pron_. thou, you; =tu(s)= _adj_. your, thy
la =turba= crowd
=turbio,-a= muddy, turbid
¡=tuso=! get out, you dog!
=tuve,-iste,-o,= _etc., pret. of_ =tener=
=tuviera= _imp. subj. of_ =tener=
=U=
=último,-a= last, last named; =por=--lastly
la =umbría= shady north slope (_of a mountain_)
=umbrío,-a= shady, somber
=un=: _see_ =uno=
=unir(se)= unite, join
=un(o),-a= one; a, an; =--s,--s= some; =los--s a los otros= (to) one
another
=usted,= _pl_. =ustedes= you
=útil= useful
=V=
=va=: _see_ =voy=
=vacilar= hesitate, vacillate
=vago,-a= vague
=valiente= brave, valiant
el =valiente= brave man
el =valor= courage, valor
el =valle= valley
=vamos=: _see_ =ir=
el =vándalo= vandal
=vano,-a= vain; =en=--in vain
=vas=, _etc.: see_ =voy=
=vaya,-as,= _etc., pres. subj. of_ =ir=
=Vd., Vds=. _orthographic abbreviations of_ =usted, ustedes= you
=veces=: _see_ =vez=
el =vecino= neighbor, inhabitant, resident
=veinte= twenty
=veinticuatro= twenty-four
=velar= watch, sit up with; =--por= watch over
=ven= _imper., 2d pers. sing., of_ =venir=
=vencer= conquer
=vender= sell
=vendré,-ás,= _etc., fut. ind. of_ =venir=
=venerable= venerable
la =veneración= veneration
=venga,-as,= _etc., pres. subj. of_ =venir=
=venir (se)= come; ¡=ven=! come! =viene lleno= is full
=ventajosamente= advantageously
la =ventana= window
=ventear= blow; scent, sniff
=ver= see; =a--, veamos= let us (me) see; =tú lo ves= you see how it is;
¿=lo ves=? do you see? =se vió, se veía= was seen; =debe--se= should be
visible
el =verano= summer
la =verdad= truth; =es=--it is true; ¿=--? (=¿no es--)= isn't it so?
=la=--in truth; =de=--real
=verdaderamente= truly, really
la =vereda= narrow path, trail
el =verso= verse
=vertiginoso,-a= dizzy; =de un modo=--dizzily
el =vestido= dress
=vestir (i)= dress, wear
=ve (te)= _imper., 2d pers. sing., of_ =ir(se)=
la =vez= time; =una=--once; =de una=--at once, quickly; =otra=--again;
=a veces, unas veces= at times, sometimes; =muchas veces=, often;
=de--en cuando= from time to time, now and then; =en--de= instead of
=vi, viste, vió=, _etc., pret. of_ =ver=
=viajar= travel
el =viaje= trip, journey
la =víctima= victim
=viejo,-a= old; el =--o=, la =--a= old man, old woman
el =viento= wind
=viera,-as,= _etc., imp. subj. of_ =ver=
=vigoroso,-a= vigorous, strong
la =viña= vineyard
=vió=: _see_ =vi=
la =violencia= violence
=violento,-a= violent; =de un modo=--violently
la =visita= visit(s), call(s) =la vista= view, sight, glance, look,
eyes; =en--de que= in view of the fact that
=vistiendo= _pres. part. of_ =vestir=
=visto= _past part. of_ =ver: por lo=--apparently, evidently
el =volatinero= rope-dancer, acrobat
la =voluntad= will; =hágase tu=--thy (your) will be done
=volver (ue)= turn, return, go back, come in again; make (_crazy_);
=--a= (+_inf_.) again; =volvió a detenerse= he stopped again; =--en sí=
come to _(from a swoon, etc_.); =--se= turn (around); =--se loco= go
crazy
=voy, vas, va=, _etc., pres. ind. of_ =ir=
la =voz= voice, word, shout, outcry; =a--en grito= at the top of one's
voice; ¿=qué voces=? what shrieks? =en--fuerte= in a loud voice; =dar
voces= shout, scream, cry (out)
el =vuelo= flight; =echar la campana al=--ring the bell furiously
=vuelto= _past part. of_ =volver=
=vuelvo, vuelves=, _etc., pres. ind. of_ =volver=
=Y=
=y= and
=ya= already, now, presently; =tú--sabes= you know well enough; =--que=
since; =--lo sé= I know that
=yendo(se)= _pres. part. of_ =ir (se)=
=yo= I; =--mismo= I myself
=Z=
la =zalea= sheepskin
la =zapatilla= slipper
el =zapato= shoe
el =zurrón= knapsack, game-bag