FOUNDING THE SNOW HILL SCHOOL.
After this trip through the "Black Belt" I was more convinced than ever
before of the great need of an Industrial School in the very midst of
these people; a school that would correct the erroneous ideas the people
held of education; a school that would put most stress upon the things
which the people were most likely to have to do with through life; a
school that would endeavor to make education practical rather than
theoretical; a school that would train men and women to be good workers,
good leaders, good husbands, good wives, and finally train them to be
fit citizens of the State and proper subjects for the Kingdom of God.
With this idea the Snow Hill Normal and Industrial Institute was started
twenty-five years ago in an old dilapidated one-room log cabin with one
teacher and three students, with no State appropriation, and without any
church or society responsible for one dollar of its expenses. Aside from
this unfortunate state of affairs, the condition of the people was
miserable. This was due partly to poor crops and partly to bad
management on their part.
In many instances the tenants were not only unable to pay their debts,
but were also unable to pay their rents. In a few cases the landlords
had to provide at their own expense provisions for their tenants. This
was simply another way of establishing soup-houses on the plantations.
The idea of buying land was foreign to all of them, and there were not
more than twenty acres of land owned by the colored people in this whole
neighborhood. The churches and schools were practically closed, while
crime and immorality were rampant. The carrying of men and women to the
chain-gang was a frequent occurrence. These people believed that the end
of education was to free their children from manual labor.
They were much opposed to industrial education. When the school was
started, many of the parents came to school and forbade our "working"
their children, stating as their objection that their children had been
working all their lives and that they did not mean to send them to
school to learn to work. Not only did they forbid our having their
children work, but many took their children out of school rather than
allow them to do so. A good deal of this opposition was kept up by
illiterate preachers and incompetent teachers, who had not had any
particular training for their profession. In fact, ninety-eight per cent
of them had attended no school. We continued, however, to keep the
"Industrial Plank" in our platform, and year after year some industry
was added until we now have fourteen industries in constant operation.
Agriculture is the foremost and basic industry of the institution. We do
this because we are in a farming section and ninety-five per cent of the
people depend upon agriculture for a livelihood.
[Illustration: FIRST TRUSTEES OF SNOW HILL AND TWO OF THEIR WIVES]