1.3% (2010 est.)
2.4% (2009 est.)
Cuba
0.7% (2010 est.)
-0.5% (2009 est.)
Curacao
1.7% (2009 est,)
6.8% (2008 est.)
Cyprus
2.2% (2010 est.)
0.4% (2009 est.)
Czech Republic
1.6% (2010 est.)
1% (2009 est.)
Denmark
2.2% (2010 est.)
1.3% (2009 est.)
Djibouti
6% (2009 est.) 5%
Dominica
0.1% (2009 est.)
2.7% (2007 est.)
Dominican Republic
6.3% (2010 est.)
1.4% (2009 est.)
Ecuador
3.6% (2010 est.)
8.4% (2008 est.)
Egypt
12.8% (2010 est.)
11.9% (2009 est.)
El Salvador
0.8% (2010 est.)
-0.2% (2009)
Equatorial Guinea
8.2% (2010 est.)
7.1% (2009 est.)
Eritrea
20% (2010 est.)
20% (2009 est.)
Estonia
2.4% (2010 est.)
-0.1% (2009 est.)
Ethiopia
7% (2010 est.)
8.5% (2009 est.)
European Union
1.7% (2010 est.)
1.8% (2009 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
3.6% (1998)
Faroe Islands
-1.1% (2009)
6.4% (2008)
Fiji
4.8% (2007)
Finland
1.1% (2010 est.)
0% (2009 est.)
France
1.5% (2010 est.)
0.1% (2009 est.)
French Polynesia
1.1% (2007)
1.1% (2006 est.)
Gabon
-1.3% (2010 est.)
1.9% (2009 est.)
Gambia, The
5.5% (2010 est.)
4.6% (2009 est.)
Gaza Strip
9.9% (2009 est.)
11.5% (2008)
note: includes West Bank
Georgia
5.7% (2010 est.)
1.7% (2009 est.)
Germany
1% (2010 est.)
0.3% (2009 est.)
Ghana
10.9% (2010 est.)
19.3% (2009 est.)
Gibraltar
2.6% (2006)
2.9% (2005)
Greece
4.5% (2010 est.)
1.2% (2009 est.)
Greenland
9.4% (2008 est.)
1% (2005 est.)
Grenada
3.7% (2007 est.)
Guam
2.5% (2005 est.)
Guatemala
3.9% (2010 est.)
1.9% (2009 est.)
Guernsey
3.4% (June 2006)
Guinea
15% (2010 est.)
9% (2009 est.)
Guinea-Bissau
3.8% (2007 est.)
Guyana
6.8% (2010 est.)
2.9% (2009 est.)
Haiti
4.6% (2010 est.)
2% (2009 est.)
Honduras
4.6% (2010 est.)
5.5% (2009 est.)
Hong Kong
2.2% (2010 est.)
-0.5% (2009 est.)
Hungary
4.5% (2010 est.)
4.2% (2009 est.)
Iceland
5.5% (2010 est.)
12% (2009 est.)
India
11.7% (2010 est.)
10.9% (2009 est.)
Indonesia
5.2% (2010 est.)
4.8% (2009 est.)
Iran
11.8% (2010 est.)
13.5% (2009 est.)
note: official Iranian estimate
Iraq
4.2% (2010 est.)
6.8% (2009 est.)
Ireland
-1.5% (2010 est.)
-4.5% (2009 est.)
Isle of Man
3.1% (December 2006 est.)
Israel
2.6% (2010 est.)
3.3% (2009 est.)
Italy
1.4% (2010 est.)
0.8% (2009 est.)
Jamaica
13% (2010 est.)
9.6% (2009 est.)
Japan
-0.9% (2010 est.)
-1.4% (2009 est.)
Jersey
3.7% (December 2006)
Jordan
4.4% (2010 est.)
-0.7% (2009 est.)
Kazakhstan
6.7% (2010 est.)
7.3% (2009 est.)
Kenya
4.2% (2010 est.)
9.3% (2009 est.)
Kiribati
0.2% (2007 est.)
Korea, North
NA%
Korea, South
3% (2010 est.)
2.8% (2009 est.)
Kosovo
5.3% (2007 est.)
Kuwait
3.8% (2010 est.)
4% (2009 est.)
Kyrgyzstan
4.8% (2010 est.)
6.9% (2009 est.)
Laos
6.2% (2010 est.)
0% (2009 est.)
Latvia
-1.2% (2010 est.)
3.5% (2009 est.)
Lebanon
3.7% (2010 est.)
1.2% (2009 est.)
Lesotho
6.1% (2010 est.)
7.2% (2009 est.)
Liberia
11.2% (2007 est.)
Libya
3% (2010 est.)
2.4% (2009 est.)
Liechtenstein
0.5% (2009)
Lithuania
0.9% (2010 est.)
4.5% (2009 est.)
Luxembourg
2.1% (2010 est.)
0.4% (2009 est.)
Macau
1.2% (December 2009)
8.6% (2008)
Macedonia
1.5% (2010 est.)
-0.8% (2009 est.)
Madagascar
8.1% (2010 est.)
9% (2009 est.)
Malawi
8% (2010 est.)
8.4% (2009 est.)
Malaysia
1.8% (2010 est.)
0.6% (2009 est.)
note: approximately 30% of goods are price-controlled
Maldives
7.3% (2009 est.)
12.3% (2008 est.)
Mali
2.5% (2007 est.)
Malta
1.7% (2010 est.)
2.1% (2009 est.)
Marshall Islands
12.9% (2008 est.)
3% (2005 est.)
Mauritania
7.3% (2007 est.)
Mauritius
2.9% (2010 est.)
2.5% (2009 est.)
Mayotte
1.7% (2005)
Mexico
4.1% (2010 est.)
3.6% (2009)
Micronesia, Federated States of
2.2% (2005)
Moldova
7.3% (2010 est.)
-0.1% (2009 est.)
Monaco
1.9% (2000)
Mongolia
4.2% (2009 est.)
28% (2008 est.)
Montenegro
3.4% (2007)
Montserrat
2.6% (2002 est.)
Morocco
2.5% (2010 est.)
1% (2009 est.)
Mozambique
13.5% (2010 est.)
3.3% (2009 est.)
Namibia
4.6% (2010 est.)
8.8% (2009 est.)
Nauru
NA%
Nepal
8.6% (September 2010)
13.2% (2009 est.)
Netherlands
1.1% (2010 est.)
1.2% (2009 est.)
New Caledonia
1.4% (2000 est.)
New Zealand
2.6% (2010 est.)
2.1% (2009 est.)
Nicaragua
4.7% (2010 est.)
3.7% (2009 est.)
Niger
0.1% (2007 est.)
Nigeria
13.9% (2010 est.)
11.5% (2009 est.)
Niue
4% (2005)
Northern Mariana Islands
-0.8% (2000)
Norway
2.4% (2010 est.)
2.1% (2009 est.)
Oman
4% (2010 est.)
3.5% (2009 est.)
Pakistan
13.4% (2010 est.)
13.6% (2009 est.)
Palau
2.7% (2005 est.)
Panama
3.3% (2010 est.)
2.4% (2009 est.)
Papua New Guinea
6.8% (2010 est.)
6.9% (2009 est.)
Paraguay
4.2% (2010 est.)
2.6% (2009 est.)
Peru
1.8% (2010 est.)
2.9% (2009 est.)
Philippines
4.2% (2010 est.)
3.2% (2009 est.)
Poland
2.4% (2010 est.)
3.5% (2009 est.)
Portugal
1.1% (2010 est.)
-0.8% (2009 est.)
Puerto Rico
6.5% (2003 est.)
Qatar
1.1% (2010 est.)
-4.9% (2009 est.)
Romania
6% (2010 est.)
5.6% (2009 est.)
Russia
6.7% (2010 est.)
11.7% (2009)
Rwanda
6.4% (2010 est.)
10.4% (2009 est.)
Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha
3.2% (1997 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
4.5% (2007 est.)
Saint Lucia
1.9% (2007 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
8.1% (2005)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
0.8% (2009 est.)
5.3% (2008 est.)
Samoa
6% (2007 est.)
San Marino
-3.5% (2008)
-1.5% (2006)
Sao Tome and Principe
13% (2010 est.)
16.7% (2009 est.)
Saudi Arabia
5.7% (2010 est.)
5.1% (2009 est.)
Senegal
1.2% (2010 est.)
-1% (2009 est.)
Serbia
4.9% (2010 est.)
8.4% (2009 est.)
Seychelles
-2.2% (2010 est.)
31.8% (2009 est.)
Sierra Leone
11.7% (2007 est.)
Singapore
2.6% (2010 est.)
0.6% (2009 est.)
Sint Maarten
0.7% (2009 est.)
4.6% (2008 est.)
Slovakia
1.2% (2010 est.)
1.6% (2009 est.)
Slovenia
2.1% (2010 est.)
0.9% (2009 est.)
Solomon Islands
6.3% (2007 est.)
Somalia
NA%
note: businesses print their own money, so inflation rates cannot be
easily determined
South Africa
4.5% (2010 est.)
7.2% (2009 est.)
Spain
1.3% (2010 est.)
-0.3% (2009 est.)
Sri Lanka
5.6% (2010 est.)
3% (2009 est.)
Sudan
11.8% (2010 est.)
11.2% (2009 est.)
Suriname
6.4% (2007 est.)
Swaziland
5% (2010 est.)
7.3% (2009 est.)
Sweden
1.4% (2010 est.)
-0.3% (2009 est.)
Switzerland
0.7% (2010 est.)
-0.5% (2009 est.)
Syria
5.9% (2010 est.)
2.6% (2009 est.)
Taiwan
1.3% (2010 est.)
3.5% (2008)
Tajikistan
5.8% (2010 est.)
6.4% (2009 est.)
Tanzania
7.2% (2010 est.)
12.1% (2009 est.)
Thailand
3.3% (2010 est.)
-0.9% (2009 est.)
Timor-Leste
7.8% (2007 est.)
Togo
2.6% (2010 est.)
2% (2009 est.)
Tokelau
NA%
Tonga
5.9% (2007 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago
11.3% (2010 est.)
7% (2009 est.)
Tunisia
4.5% (2010 est.)
3.5% (2009 est.)
Turkey
8.7% (2010 est.)
6.3% (2009 est.)
Turkmenistan
12% (2010 est.)
10% (2009 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands
4% (1995)
Tuvalu
3.8% (2006 est.)
Uganda
9.4% (2010 est.)
14.2% (2009 est.)
Ukraine
9.8% (2010 est.)
15.9% (2009 est.)
United Arab Emirates
2.2% (2010 est.)
1.6% (2009 est.)
United Kingdom
3.3% (2010 est.)
2.2% (2009 est.)
United States
1.4% (2010 est.)
-0.3% (2009 est.)
Uruguay
6.8% (2010 est.)
7.1% (2009 est.)
Uzbekistan
15% (2010 est.)
14.1% (2009 est.)
note: official data; based on independent analysis of consumer
prices, inflation reached 38% in 2008
Vanuatu
3.9% (2007 est.)
Venezuela
29.8% (2010 est.)
27.1% (2009 est.)
Vietnam
11.1% (2010 est.)
7% (2009 est.)
Virgin Islands
2.2% (2003)
Wallis and Futuna
2.8% (2005)
West Bank
3.5% (2010 est.)
9.9% (2009 est.)
note: includes Gaza Strip
Western Sahara
NA%
World
developed countries 2.5%
developing countries 5.6%
note: developed countries 0% to 4% typically; developing countries
5% to 10% typically; national inflation rates vary widely in
individual cases; inflation rates have declined for most countries
for the last several years, held in check by increasing
international competition from several low wage countries, and by
soft demand as a result of the world financial crisis (2010 est.)
Yemen
12.2% (2010 est.)
5.4% (2009 est.)
Zambia
8.5% (2010 est.)
13.4% (2009 est.)
Zimbabwe
5.03% (2010 est.)
5.1% (2009 est.)
======================================================================
@2093
Field Listing :: Waterways
This entry gives the total length of navigable rivers, canals, and
other inland bodies of water.
Country Comparison to the World
Country
Waterways(km)
Afghanistan
1,200 km; (chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up
to 500 DWT) (2008)
Albania
43 km (on the Bojana River) (2010)
Angola
1,300 km (2010)
Argentina
11,000 km (2007)
Australia
2,000 km (mainly used for recreation on Murray and
Murray-Darling river systems) (2006)
Austria
358 km (2007)
Bangladesh
8,370 km
note: includes up to 3,060 km main cargo routes; network reduced to
5,200 km in dry season (2007)
Belarus
2,500 km (use limited by location on perimeter of country
and by shallowness) (2003)
Belgium
2,043 km (1,528 km in regular commercial use) (2008)
Belize
825 km (navigable only by small craft) (2010)
Benin
150 km (on River Niger along northern border) (2007)
Bolivia
10,000 km (commercially navigable almost exclusively in the
northern and eastern parts of the country) (2010)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Sava River (northern border) open to shipping
but use limited (2009)
Brazil
50,000 km (most in areas remote from industry and population)
(2010)
Brunei
209 km (navigable by craft drawing less than 1.2 m; the
Belait, Brunei, and Tutong rivers are major transport links) (2011)
Bulgaria
470 km (2009)
Burma
12,800 km (2008)
Burundi
mainly on Lake Tanganyika between Bujumbura, Burundi's
principal port, and lake ports in Tanzania, Zambia, and the
Democratic Republic of Congo (2010)
Cambodia
2,400 km (mainly on Mekong River) (2010)
Cameroon
major rivers in the south, such as the Wouri and the
Sanaga, are largely non-navigable; in the north, the Benue, which
connects through Nigeria to the Niger River, is navigable in the
rainy season only to the port of Garoua (2010)
Canada
636 km
note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint
Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with United States (2008)
Central African Republic
2,800 km (the primary navigable river is
the Ubangi, which joins the River Congo; it was the traditional
route for the export of products because it connected with the
Congo-Ocean railway at Brazzaville; because of the warfare on both
sides of the River Congo from 1997, however, routes through Cameroon
became preferred by importers and exporters) (2010)
Chad
Chari and Legone rivers are navigable only in wet season (2010)
China
110,000 km navigable (2010)
Colombia
18,000 km (2010)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
15,000 km (including the Congo,
its tributaries, and unconnected lakes) (2009)
Congo, Republic of the
1,120 km (commercially navigable on Congo and
Oubanqui rivers above Brazzaville; there are many ferries across the
river to Kinshasa; the Congo south of Brazzaville-Kinshasa to the
coast is not navigable because of rapids, thereby necessitating a
rail connection to Pointe Noire; other rivers are used for local
traffic only) (2010)
Costa Rica
730 km (seasonally navigable by small craft) (2010)
Cote d'Ivoire
980 km (navigable rivers, canals, and numerous coastal
lagoons) (2008)
Croatia
785 km (2009)
Cuba
240 km (almost all navigable inland waterways are near the
mouths of rivers) (2010)
Czech Republic
664 km (principally on Elbe, Vltava, Oder, and other
navigable rivers, lakes, and canals) (2010)
Denmark
400 km (2008)
Ecuador
1,500 km (most inaccessible) (2010)
Egypt
3,500 km
note: includes Nile River, Lake Nasser, Alexandria-Cairo Waterway,
and numerous smaller canals in delta; Suez Canal (193.5 km including
approaches) navigable by oceangoing vessels drawing up to 17.68 m
(2010)
El Salvador
Rio Lempa is partially navigable for small craft (2010)
Estonia
520 km (320 km are navigable year round) (2010)
European Union
52,332 km (2006)
Fiji
203 km
note: 122 km navigable by motorized craft and 200-metric-ton barges
(2008)
Finland
7,842 km (includes Saimaa Canal system of 3,577 km; southern
part leased from Russia; water transport is used frequently in the
summer and is widely replaced with sledges on the ice in winter;
there are 187,888 lakes in Finland that cover 31,500 km) (2010)
France
metropolitan France: 8,501 km (1,621 km accessible to craft
of 3,000 metric tons)
French Guiana: 3,760 km (460 km navigable by small oceangoing
vessels and coastal and river steamers, 3,300 km by native craft)
(2008)
Gabon
1,600 km (310 km on Ogooue River) (2010)
Gambia, The
390 km (on River Gambia; small ocean-going vessels can
reach 190 km) (2008)
Germany
7,467 km
note: Rhine River carries most goods; Main-Danube Canal links North
Sea and Black Sea (2008)
Ghana
1,293 km
note: 168 km for launches and lighters on Volta, Ankobra, and Tano
rivers; 1,125 km of arterial and feeder waterways on Lake Volta
(2008)
Greece
6 km
note: Corinth Canal (6 km) crosses the Isthmus of Corinth; shortens
sea voyage by 325 km (2010)
Guatemala
990 km (260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km
navigable during high-water season) (2010)
Guinea
1,300 km (navigable by shallow-draft native craft) (2008)
Guinea-Bissau
rivers are navigable for some distance; many inlets
and creeks give shallow-water access to much of interior (2008)
Guyana
330 km
note: Berbice, Demerara, and Essequibo rivers are navigable by
oceangoing vessels for 150 km, 100 km, and 80 km respectively (2010)
Honduras
465 km (most navigable only by small craft) (2010)
Hungary
1,622 km (most on Danube River) (2010)
India
14,500 km
note: 5,200 km on major rivers and 485 km on canals suitable for
mechanized vessels (2008)
Indonesia
21,579 km (2011)
Iran
850 km (on Karun River; some navigation on Lake Urmia) (2009)
Iraq
5,279 km
note: Euphrates River (2,815 km), Tigris River (1,899 km), and Third
River (565 km) are principal waterways (2008)
Ireland
956 km (pleasure craft only) (2008)
Italy
2,400 km
note: used for commercial traffic; of limited overall value compared
to road and rail (2008)
Japan
1,770 km (seagoing vessels use inland seas) (2010)
Kazakhstan
4,000 km; on the Ertis (Irtysh) River (80%) and Syr Darya
(Syrdariya) River (2008)
Kenya
the only significant inland waterway in the country is the
part of Lake Victoria within the boundaries of Kenya; Kisumu is the
main port and has ferry connections to Uganda and Tanzania (2010)
Kiribati
5 km (small network of canals in Line Islands) (2007)
Korea, North
2,250 km; (most navigable only by small craft) (2010)
Korea, South
1,608 km; (most navigable only by small craft) (2010)
Kyrgyzstan
600 km (2010)
Laos
4,600 km
note: primarily Mekong and tributaries; 2,900 additional km are
intermittently navigable by craft drawing less than 0.5 m (2010)
Latvia
300 km (navigable year round) (2010)
Liechtenstein
28 km (2008)
Lithuania
441 km (navigable year round) (2007)
Luxembourg
37 km (on Moselle River) (2008)
Madagascar
600 km
note: 432 km navigable (2008)
Malawi
700 km; (on Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi) and Shire River) (2010)
Malaysia
7,200 km
note: Peninsular Malaysia 3,200 km; Sabah 1,500 km; Sarawak 2,500 km
(2011)
Mali
1,800 km (downstream of Koulikoro; low water levels on the
River Niger cause problems in dry years; in the months before the
rainy season the river is not navigable by commercial vessels) (2010)
Mauritania
some navigation possible on Senegal River (2010)
Mexico
2,900 km (navigable rivers and coastal canals mostly
connected with ports on the country's east coast) (2010)
Moldova
558 km (in public use on Danube, Dniester and Prut rivers)
(2008)
Mongolia
580 km
note: only waterway in operation is Lake Hovsgol (135 km); Selenge
River (270 km) and Orhon River (175 km) are navigable but carry
little traffic; lakes and rivers freeze in winter, are open from May
to September (2010)
Mozambique
460 km (Zambezi River navigable to Tete and along Cahora
Bassa Lake) (2010)
Netherlands
6,215 km (navigable for ships of 50 tons) (2007)
Nicaragua
2,220 km (navigable waterways as well as the use of the
large Lake Managua and Lake Nicaragua; rivers serve only the
sparsely populated eastern part of the country) (2010)
Niger
300 km; (the Niger, the only major river, is navigable to Gaya
between September and March) (2008)
Nigeria
8,600 km (Niger and Benue rivers and smaller rivers and
creeks) (2009)
Norway
1,577 km (2008)
Panama
800 km (includes the 82-km Panama Canal that is being
widened) (2010)
Papua New Guinea
11,000 km (2006)
Paraguay
3,100 km (primarily on the Paraguay and Parana river
systems) (2010)
Peru
8,808 km
note: 8,600 km of navigable tributaries on Amazon system and 208 km
on Lago Titicaca (2010)
Philippines
3,219 km; (limited to vessels with draft less than 1.5
m) (2011)
Poland
3,997 km (navigable rivers and canals) (2009)
Portugal
210 km (on Douro River from Porto) (2008)
Romania
1,731 km
note: includes 1,075 km on Danube River, 524 km on secondary
branches, and 132 km on canals (2006)
Russia
102,000 km (including 48,000 km with guaranteed depth)
note: 72,000 km system in European Russia links Baltic Sea, White
Sea, Caspian Sea, Sea of Azov, and Black Sea (2009)
Rwanda
Lac Kivu navigable by shallow-draft barges and native craft
(2009)
Senegal
1,000 km (primarily on Senegal, Saloum, and Casamance
rivers) (2008)
Serbia
587 km (primarily on Danube and Sava rivers) (2009)
Sierra Leone
800 km (600 km year round) (2007)
Slovakia
172 km (on Danube River) (2009)
Slovenia
some transport on Drava River (2010)
Spain
1,000 km (2008)
Sri Lanka
160 km (primarily on rivers in southwest) (2008)
Sudan
4,068 km (1,723 km open year round on White and Blue Nile
rivers) (2008)
Suriname
1,200 km (most navigable by ships with drafts up to 7 m)
(2010)
Sweden
2,052 km (2010)
Switzerland
65 km; (Rhine River between Basel-Rheinfelden and
Schaffhausen-Bodensee) (2008)
Syria
900 km (navigable not economically significant) (2010)
Tajikistan
200 km (along Vakhsh River) (2010)
Tanzania
Lake Tanganyika, Lake Victoria, and Lake Nyasa are
principal avenues of commerce with neighboring countries; rivers are
not navigable (2009)
Thailand
4,000 km
note: 3,701 km navigable by boats with drafts up to 0.9 m (2010)
Togo
50 km (seasonally on Mono River depending on rainfall) (2008)
Turkey
1,200 km (2008)
Turkmenistan
1,300 km (Amu Darya and Kara Kum canal are important
inland waterways) (2008)
Uganda
there are no long navigable stretches of river in Uganda;
parts of the Albert Nile that flow out of Lake Albert in the
northwestern part of the country are navigable; several lakes
including Lake Victoria and Lake Kyoga have substantial traffic;
Lake Albert is navigable along a 200 km stretch from its northern
tip to its southern shores (2009)
Ukraine
2,150 km (most on Dnieper River) (2009)
United Kingdom
3,200 km (620 km used for commerce) (2008)
United States
41,009 km (19,312 km used for commerce)
note: Saint Lawrence Seaway of 3,769 km, including the Saint
Lawrence River of 3,058 km, shared with Canada (2008)
Uruguay
1,600 km (2010)
Uzbekistan
1,100 km (2009)
Venezuela
7,100 km
note: Orinoco River (400 km) and Lake de Maracaibo navigable by
oceangoing vessels (2010)
Vietnam
17,702 km (5,000 km navigable by vessels up to 1.8 m draft)
(2011)
World
671,886 km (2004)
top ten longest rivers: Nile (Africa) 6,693 km; Amazon (South
America) 6,436 km; Mississippi-Missouri (North America) 6,238 km;
Yenisey-Angara (Asia) 5,981 km; Ob-Irtysh (Asia) 5,569 km; Yangtze
(Asia) 5,525 km; Yellow (Asia) 4,671 km; Amur (Asia) 4,352 km; Lena
(Asia) 4,345 km; Congo (Africa) 4,344 km
note: if measured by volume, the Amazon is the largest river in the
world
Zambia
2,250 km; (includes Lake Tanganyika and the Zambezi and
Luapula rivers) (2010)
Zimbabwe
on Lake Kariba (2009)
======================================================================
@2094
Field Listing :: Judicial branch
This entry contains the name(s) of the highest court(s) and a brief
description of the selection process for members.
Country
Judicial branch
Afghanistan
the constitution establishes a nine-member Stera Mahkama
or Supreme Court (its nine justices are appointed for 10-year terms
by the president with approval of the Wolesi Jirga) and subordinate
High Courts and Appeals Courts; there is also a minister of justice;
a separate Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission established by
the Bonn Agreement is charged with investigating human rights abuses
and war crimes
Albania
Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by
the People's Assembly for a four-year term) and multiple appeals and
district courts
Algeria
Supreme Court
American Samoa
High Court (chief justice and associate justices are
appointed by the US Secretary of the Interior)
Andorra
Tribunal of Judges or Tribunal de Batlles; Tribunal of the
Courts or Tribunal de Corts; Supreme Court of Justice of Andorra or
Tribunal Superior de Justicia d'Andorra; Supreme Council of Justice
or Consell Superior de la Justicia; Constitutional Tribunal or
Tribunal Constitucional
Angola
Supreme Court and separate provincial courts (judges are
appointed by the president)
Anguilla
High Court (judge provided by Eastern Caribbean Supreme
Court)
Antigua and Barbuda
Eastern Caribbean Supreme Court consisting of a
High Court of Justice and a Court of Appeal (based in Saint Lucia;
two judges of the Supreme Court are residents of the islands and
preside over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction); Magistrates'
Courts; member of the Caribbean Court of Justice
Argentina
Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (the Supreme Court judges
are appointed by the president with approval of the Senate)
note: the Supreme Court has seven judges; the Argentine Congress in
2006 passed a bill to gradually reduce the number of Supreme Court
judges to five
Armenia
Constitutional Court; Court of Cassation (Appeals Court)
Aruba
Common Court of Justice, Joint High Court of Justice (judges
appointed by the monarch)
Australia
High Court (the chief justice and six other justices are
appointed by the governor general acting on the advice of the
government)
Austria
Supreme Judicial Court or Oberster Gerichtshof;
Administrative Court or Verwaltungsgerichtshof; Constitutional Court
or Verfassungsgerichtshof
Azerbaijan
Supreme Court
Bahamas, The
Privy Council in London; Courts of Appeal; Supreme
(lower) Court; Magistrates' Courts
Bahrain
High Civil Appeals Court
Bangladesh
Supreme Court (the chief justices and other judges are
appointed by the president)
Barbados
Supreme Court of Judicature consists of a High Court and a
Court of Appeal (judges are appointed by the Service Commissions for
the Judicial and Legal Services); Caribbean Court of Justice or CCJ
is the highest court of appeal; based in Port of Spain, Trinidad and
Tobago
Belarus
Supreme Court (judges are appointed by the president);
Constitutional Court (half of the judges appointed by the president
and half appointed by the Chamber of Representatives)
Belgium
Supreme Court of Justice or Hof van Cassatie (in Dutch) or
Cour de Cassation (in French) (judges are appointed for life by the
government; candidacies have to be submitted by the High Justice
Council)
Belize
Summary Jurisdiction Courts (criminal) and District Courts
(civil jurisdiction); Supreme Court (the chief justice is appointed
by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister); Court
of Appeal; Privy Council in the UK; member of the Caribbean Court of
Justice (CCJ)
Benin
Constitutional Court or Cour Constitutionnelle; Supreme Court
or Cour Supreme; High Court of Justice
Bermuda
Supreme Court; Court of Appeal; Magistrate Courts
Bhutan
Supreme Court of Appeal (the monarch); High Court (judges
appointed by the monarch); note - the draft constitution establishes
a Supreme Court that will serve as chief court of appeal