little before and after morning.—_Magnetical and Meteorological
Observations_, Bombay, 1853, Meteorological Results, p. 73.]
[Footnote 142: In my collection of itineraries traversing the country of
Ádamáwa I shall have occasion to mention several places where, besides
Kanúri, Kánembú also are settled.]
[Footnote 143: Perhaps this was a sign of mourning.]
[Footnote 144: About eight miles S.W. from this is a place called Bála,
originally belonging to the Marghí, but at present inhabited by Kanúri
people. Towards the east, at no great distance, is the town of Úzo,
belonging to that division of the Gámerghú whose chief resides in
Degímba; E.N.E., at the distance of two days, is the walled town of
Gáwa, the residence of the greater chief. A little N. of E., about
fifteen miles, is Úrka, or Wúrka. Álaba, one short day’s march, about
ten miles, S.E. from Úrka, is the easternmost town of the Gámerghú,
whose territory, however, extends in this direction as far as Mount
Dísa. In the immediate neighbourhood of Álaba is the small town of
Segágiyu. Eastward from Dísa is Mount Kírya; and east from this is Mount
Úla, or Wúla; one day beyond Wúla is the conspicuous Mount Deládebá. One
short day to the N. of Deládebá is Mount Wélle, at the northern foot of
which lies the large walled place of the name of Karáwá, the former
capital of Wándalá, already mentioned, as we shall see, by the historian
of the Bórnu king, Edrís Alawóma,—with two gates. To the N. of Karáwá,
and about six miles S. of Delhé, is Ajémmaja, or, as it is called by
others, Háj Ámaka, a place inhabited by Shúwa, or native Arabs, who
occupy all the country as far as Díkowa.]
APPENDIX.
APPENDIX.
* * * * *
I. — QUARTERS OF THE TOWN OF KÁTSENA.
Ambutéy, or Mbutéy, the oldest quarter; Tódo-málle[145], Bar-hemáwa,
Suafáwa, Rími-n-Sámbari, Darma, Túdduwa-Anábara, Tokáwa, Chidefáwa,
Rími-n-Gúlladu, Uché-albába, Mógoba alhándu, Tawátínke[146], Sófo-káswa,
Mesállachi-n-Káura, Dúrrima-n-tákelme (the shoemakers’ quarter), Ungwa
Debbósa, Kameyáwa, Shibdáwa, Dábera, Tafí da ráwa (“clapping hands and
dancing”—a very merry quarter, as it seems), Ungwa-n-baráye, Ungwa Dóka,
Sábbera, Mehédi, Ungwa Kúka, Chefenáwa, Lóloki-n-da-n-al barka, Ungwa
Saká, Ungwa da-n-alló (probably the schoolmasters’[147] quarter), Ya-
áura, Yansabóni, Dambo, Súnkurá, Ungwa Beréberé (the quarter of the
Bórnu people), Gamberáwa, Lóloki-n-ákochi, Barasáki, Rími-n-áferga,
Týdde Líffeda, Ungwa Sherifáwa, Limáwa, Chédia[148] Akánzem, Kófa
Túluwí, Gogári, Réri-n-wuári, Jagabánchi, Addemunáwa, Dodáwa, Kachúmbe,
Yankéwuré, Masanáwa, Muskáni, Cheferáwa, Lóloki-n-Kabáwa, Gafay, Ungwa
Chédia, Kokoyáwa, Jangwáki, Jangozáwa, Mesállachi-n-Góberáwa (the mosque
of the Góber people), Fáskari, Zázagau, Dúrrimi-n-sháuru[149],
Kontaráwa, Sakáwa, Kófa-n-Yándaka, Ungwa Köani, or Kwáni (probably the
quarter of the Köana or Kwána people), Dorówa, Sabberáwa, Jambíra,
Mákera-n-owó, Mákera-chínki, Daugaumu, Yagabánchi, Yarángway, Mʿallemi-
n-dáwa, Bokudáwa, Kantamáwa, Békuráwa, Bindáwa, Mareá, Ungwa Turáwa (the
quarter of the Arabs), Ungwa Sirdi (the saddlers’ quarter), Ungwa
Yatáwa, Jambaráwa, Yangozáwa, Jembiráwa (different from Jamberáwa),
Machíka, Samrí, Arbabejéri; then the quarters lying close to the
different gates of the town, and called after them the Kófa-n-Gúga, K.
Samrí, K. Dyrbi, K. Marúsa, K. Káura, K. Gazúbi, K. Kóya, K. Yéndaka.
Further, the quarters Lóloki-n-karí, Jembísa, Kátukam, Yanguzáli, Kógo,
Gulbí, Jínu, Kéyiba, Kuserúwa fodú (the four corners), Ínchide yáki,
Duggul, Amorébbi, Danróri, Dandínki, Turkáwa, Haski-n-káura, Sába-n-
báuri, Ungóllo or Ngóllo, Adyrjáwa, Ombuwamáy, Ansága, Jínu, Mbánau,
Aúra, Dansagí, Dánkashí, Bágada, Bowáy, Shénteli káramá, Shénteli babá,
Grássemí, Mágaji-Edíris, Gági, Mejébbamá, Máriná-dan-Gámmu, Jírayí-baba-
n-Háusa, Kammasáwa, Dansakáwu, Sakayáwa, Máriná dan máriná, Tokkumáwa,
Dambókulum, Marrakáda, Kokóchikó, Propporokáya, Barazakaña, Tebki-n-
chémi, Fari-n-yáro, Kádam baki-n-gulbí, Yawal-khawári, Baskoráye,
Kautáwa, Rúkum, Góngom, Daggabáwa, Kasáwa, Bagauzamáwa, Ilsáwa,
Chiserakáwa, Komming, Hannuzeráwa, Gulbáwa, Hanníni-básará, Moichi,
Rímaye-algári, Zambadáwa, Baskoráwa, Mariyadáwa. These are the names of
the larger quarters of the town; but there are still a good many smaller
ones.
II.—CHIEF PLACES IN THE PROVINCE OF KÁTSENA.
The names of the principal places belonging to the province of Kátsena
are as follows:—On the west side of the capital: Jengéfi, Yangéro,
Búggaji, Baráwa, Kangwa, Kangwáji, Záuri, Kurfi or Kúrrefi, Sháfo,
Ráwani, Kúsa, Kómi, Atagaráwa, Kabakáwa, Sóri, Tsáni, Úruma, Úmmadáwu,
Kógo, Fáskari, Tsaskia, Sakka, Gunki, Runka, Takabáwa, Dyrrú, Guzoráwa,
Automáki, Motázu, Sayáya, Karófi, Géza, Raweó, Ganwa, Farí-n-rúa,
Kadándaní, Dóka, Máji, Sabóngarí, Yatáwa, Kadakáwa, Shibdáwa, Bindáwa,
Kamrí, Táma, Kusáda, Káfardá, Yakofáwa, Ingáwa or Ngáwa, Dorú, Jáni,
Dawané, Yáme, Duwáng, Kógadó, Ajiyáwa, Danyeám, Rinúnguzá, Kúragó,
Kaita, Sábi, Kurfúndu, Yandáki, Shinkáfi, Kotyi, Berda, Mókordá, Tunáni,
Bai, Kófi, Kúrtufá, Tsúntsuwa, Túrajó, Másabó, Lagéru, Kóddu, Kotta,
Mámmarú, Máni, Túwarú, Jéndodó, Dúchi-n-rága, Tamalláwa, Sandáwa,
Tábaní, Baréruwa, Goranzám. On the east side there are: Káya, Yáme
(different from that above mentioned), Dagésamú, Debbáwa, Máshi, Ílel-
ágalú, Ílel-labúkará, Mále-yabáni, Yoyo, Gárwa, Búkurú, Chille, Dankar,
Túna, Yéndaká, Rúma, Merédabáy; Musáwa, Dangáli, Tafáshia, Kurkojángo,
Dáyay, Sabó-n-bírni, Gángara, Seéya, Mahúta, Dándamay, Kúrremi,
Dantýtturu, Danjá, Húriyá, Maska, Gózeki, Dúya, Dárwa, Túdu, Shenéli,
Yangéme, Babélkazá, Daháukadá, Kuchéri, Kórumáwa, Machíka, Kiyéra,
Báskari, Zágami, Sakafárda, Keffi-n-deñi, Keffi Pokkwa, Keffi Sille;
Tsá, Kúndurú, Yashé; Garú-n-Señína, Karadúwa, Táku, Luggul, Kánkara dan
Jémmaka, Tótali, Farú, Zágani, Ónaka, Rúwafí, Ájejá, Sábberé, Gúnki,
Birki, Múnir, Táura, Dabáwa, Shéni, Ádemú. Towards Dáura there are:
Dantótoní, Dandáre, Beñe, Karófi, Mákera, Yentomáki, Dákkaruwé, Sheléri,
Samrí, Lámbisa, Tuddu, another Shéni, Dánkada, Fáskali, Koyéllo, bírni-
n-Gwári, Madódo, Kurríga.
III.—CHIEF PLACES IN THE PROVINCE OF KANÓ, AND ROUTES DIVERGING FROM
KANÓ IN VARIOUS DIRECTIONS, PRINCIPALLY TOWARDS THE SOUTH.
As for the province of Kanó, it comprises a very fertile district of
considerable extent, with the following walled towns: Yeríma, Gérki,
Zánkara, Yáfen, Ríngim, Dúshi, Géa, Gérko, Dell, Udíl, Táura, Kúra (a
place particularly famous for the beauty of its dyed cloth), Sákwa,
Bebéji, Rímangadó, Dawáki, Gódia, Bíshi, Gezáwa, Zákeré, Killi, Méjia,
Méga, Merké, Tákay, Sangáya (the place touched at by Clapperton), and
the governor’s two pleasure towns Gógem and Fánisó.
Besides these walled towns, the most considerable places of the province
are as follows: Ungógo, Dáwano, Zabenáwa, Gezé, Wóttarí, Góra, Mádobí,
Salánta, Ammágwa, Dádi-n-dúnia, Gabezáwa, Dóko, Kwínke-alla, Dangayáme,
Gurjáwa, Zongonkilli, Abegáni, Sákwa-n-Kumbóto, Zango, Gezí, Ráfi
mʿallem, Rími-n-Asbenáwa, Dawáki, Gunó, Ranó (the town mentioned in p.
72., as having formerly been the seat of a kingdom or principality by
itself), Ténneger, Kiyáwa, Kadwáwa, Takaláfia, Katákatá, Gazóbi (a
village consisting of scattered groups), Danzóshia, Gulú, Ganí,
Tamberáwa, Dáhasa, Gorzo, Karáye, Káfi-n-Agúr, Rukadáwa, Bóda, Taríva,
Fáki, Kokí, Dawáki-n-Dambámbara (properly Da-n-Bámbara), Katángeráwe,
Katánga-babá, Katánga-káramá, Katkázubá, Mʿallem, Kwíwa, Bunkóri (a
considerable market-place, with much cultivation of rice), Ya-n-kásari,
Tuddum Bíllané, Bacheráwa, Yamáta, Demé, Demé-n-da-n-karfi, Tunfáfi,
Kuddadefáwa, Zango-n-da-n-Áudu, Pagínkayi, Jájira, Fofá, Dangúgwa, Zango
Mala Áudu, Jelli, Mádachí, Mákodé, Konshi-n-gwárta, Yákasé, Yóla, and
others.
I will here add some of the chief routes connecting Kanó with the
principal places around, and which will best show its central situation.
As for the routes to Kúkawa, of which I forwarded an account to Europe
in 1851, I shall omit them, as I had myself repeatedly sufficient
occasion to become acquainted with this tract from my own observations.
The route by Khadéja has been united with my own route.
I first give the route from Kanó to Zínder, the north-westernmost place
of the empire of Bórnu, by way of Kazáure:—
1st day. Makóda, a large open place, consisting of cottages with clay
walls and thatched roofs. The country level and densely inhabited.
Arrive about the ʿaser.
2nd. Kazáure, residence of the governor Dámbo, formerly in direct
dependence upon Sókoto, but at present in a certain degree of
subordination to Kanó. The town is surrounded with a clay wall, and but
thinly inhabited. A market is held every Monday. The neighbourhood of
the town is rocky, and the country intervening between Kazáure and
Makóda thickly covered with wood, without cultivation or an inhabited
spot.
3rd. Mazánnia, a large place surrounded with a “kéffi” or stockade, said
to be larger than Tasáwa; but the government of the town is generally
divided, half of it belonging to Dáura, and the other half to Bórnu.
4th. Magáriyá, a large place with a kéffi, only about fifteen miles from
the former. The surrounding country all covered with forest.
5th. Zínder, about ʿaser. There are no villages on the road except near
Zínder.
I now add the road from Kazáure to Dáura, and from Dáura to Zínder.
Keeping in a north-westerly direction from Kazáure, you reach on the
first day, about ʿaser, Sándamu, an ancient town of considerable size,
but with few inhabitants, and enter, on the following day, the town of
Dáura, about two o’clock in the afternoon. The town of Dáura, which, as
I have observed (p. 72.), is one of the oldest, if not the very
oldest[150] settlement of the Háusa people; and here too the Islám seems
to have been introduced at an earlier date, certainly not later than its
introduction into Kátsena by the grandson of Maghíli, the missionary, as
is stated, having been a man from Baghdád, of the name of Mohammed ʿAlí,
who killed the dodó, or the old fetish lion. I have already mentioned
the magic well; and there are many other interesting traditions current
with regard to the older history of the place. Dáura is a large town,
surrounded with a strong clay wall in good repair, but is only thinly
inhabited, and the Thursday market is of no importance. It is the
capital of a province, and the residence of a governor dependent only on
the Emír el Múmenín, and would certainly have been visited by me in one
of my wanderings, if the governor, whose name is the same as that of the
governor of Kátsena (Mohammed Béllo), and whose character is much worse,
had not been notorious as an energetic and warlike, but unjust and
rapacious fellow, with whom it would be more difficult to deal than with
the highway robbers in the wilderness of Dánkama. But I recommend this
place strongly to the notice of future travellers, as a great many
native stories relate to it. It was once conquered by a prince of Múniyó
named Sóriyó. All the country around is at present a wilderness; and
there is very little cultivation.
Going from Dáura to Zínder in a N.N.E. direction, you sleep the first
night in Kúrni, or Kúrreni, a small village surrounded with a stockade,
being the frontier-place of the province of Dáura in this direction. It
is situated in the midst of the forest, and is distant from the capital
about six hours.
2nd day. Arrive at an early hour in the forenoon at Máshi, a small place
surrounded with a stockade, and belonging to Zínder. Every Wednesday a
market is held here.
3rd. About ʿaser arrive at Bakí, a large place surrounded with a
“kéffi.”
4th. Before noon arrive in Zínder. There are no villages on this road.
I now proceed to give the routes from Kanó towards the Bénuwé, which has
been called Tshádda or Chádda in its lower course, merely from mistake,
I think, while it has several other names. Záriya, or Zózó, the capital
of the province of Zegzeg, was visited by Clapperton on his second
journey; and its latitude can be laid down with certainty, its longitude
with approximate correctness.[151] From this place some important
routes, very frequently taken by native traders, and even sometimes by
enterprising Arabs, branch off towards the places in the vicinity of the
above-mentioned river. On the other hand, we have now, by Mr. Vogel’s
observations, the exact position of Yákoba, the capital of the province
Bolóboló, or Báuchi, and therefore generally called “Garú-n-Báuchi;” so
that the most important places between Kanó and the river can be laid
down with tolerable exactness. I will here only remark, that the general
features of my hydrographical sketch of this district in 1852 have been
entirely confirmed by Mr. Vogel’s observations, from which, although
they are as yet very insufficiently known, it is clear that the central
part of Báuchi, in which Yákoba is situated, is a high rocky plateau,
the central ridge of which evidently forms the water-parting of the
various rivers in opposite directions—the head-waters of the komádugu of
Bórnu (generally called Yéou) towards the east, the Kadúna and Gurára
(the Rari of Richard Lander), which unite near Bírni-n-Gwári, towards
the west, and a branch of the Bénuwé, running first to the east and then
turning southwards. The two most important points with regard to the
connection of Kanó, Záriya, and Yákoba with the lower course of the
Bénuwé, are the towns of Kéffi-n-Abdezénga and Láfiya Beréberé, while
the latter of these places is also one of the chief centres whence
spreads the dominion of the Fúlbe, with misery and devastation, over the
neighbouring tribes.
I will here give the route from Kanó by way of Záriya to Kéffi-n-
Abdezénga, which goes from Záriya almost directly southward. The
stations are very short.
1st day. Mádobí, a place with a market. Pass in the morning the “kogí,”
or kogí-n-Kanó.
2nd. Reach Bebéji about ten o’clock A.M.[152]
3rd. About one o’clock P.M. arrive at Rími-n-Káura, a group of villages
with a rivulet running east.
4th. About nine o’clock A.M. reach Báki-n-Kamínda, a cluster of
scattered villages, called by this name from a rivulet Kamínda or
Kamánda, which skirts it.
5th. About eleven o’clock A.M. reach a walled town called Da-n-Sóshia,
rich in date-trees. Here is the frontier of the province of Kanó towards
that of Záriya, marked by a large “kúrremi” dry in summer.
6th. A little after noon reach a small river called Kubútutu, running
east, but afterwards turning south and joining the Kadúna, which drains
all this part of the country. On the bank of the rivulet is a village
called Anshó.
7th. About 11 o’clock A.M., after a journey through a woody country,
reach Rúma, a large place but thinly inhabited, and surrounded with
walls in decay.
8th. About the same hour you reach a walled place called Likóro, where a
market is held every other day. All the country is thickly wooded and
uncultivated.
9th. Between nine and ten o’clock in the morning, after having crossed a
rivulet which sometimes presents difficulty in the rainy season, you
arrive at Záriya.
10th. About noon arrive at a village called Ungwa Árendé. Small
waterpools on the road.
11th. About eleven o’clock A.M. reach Kaséllu, a walled place with the
wall in a state of decay, and with a market held every other day.
12th. About the same hour arrive at Gímba, a large walled place, but
thinly inhabited.
13th. Reach Mátarí, a large place. Between Gímba and Mátarí, nearer the
latter, is a kúrremi, which during the rainy season can be crossed only
in boats.
14th. Kábi, a considerable walled market-place.
15th. Reach a small village called Kásabó, situated on a mountain-range
running eastward. The whole country is mountainous; and a little before
you reach Kásabó you pass a high mountain with a village on its top.
16th. Encamp in the forest called “Dáwa-n-serkí-n-Fáwa,” where there is
a kúrremi, dry during the hot season.
17th. A small village of the district Kadára, ravaged by the Fúlbe.
18th. During the dry season you reach a place called Jére (not Tére),
while in the rainy season you encamp on the shore of the Gurára, the
chief branch of the Kadúna, which cannot be crossed but in boats. The
country mountainous.
19th. Reach a small village called Kámané; country mountainous.
20th. A small place called Káterí, situated on a kogí, with water at all
seasons of the year, and well wooded. It joins the Gurára.
21st. A straggling village called Góla-mínda, inhabited entirely by
Fúlbe or Féllani. The country level, with mountains in the distance.
22nd. Kogáro, a considerable market place; country mountainous,
irrigated by many streamlets.
23rd. Fajári, a small place with a wall in decay; country level, with
plenty of water.
24th. Bagáji, a considerable walled market-place.
25th. Kéffi-n-Abdezénga, a large place, where a market is held every
day. The country in general is flat, with a high mountain to the west.
Plenty of watercourses.
Láfiya Beréberé, originally a colony of the Bórnu people, called
Beréberé by the Háusáwa, is five days E.S.E. from Kéffi-n-Abdezénga, and
two days and a half from a place called Toní, between Darróro and Kéffi.
Darróro was visited by Richard Lander, who calls it Danroro; but this
place, as well as the important place Katab (called by him Kuttup), has
been laid down very erroneously from his indications. I therefore give
here the
ROUTE FROM ZÁRIYA BY KATAB TO DARRÓRO; FIRST PART S.E., THEN S.S.E.
1st day. Egébbi (called Ejibi by Lander), a place surrounded with a
wall, but not of large size.
2nd. Dawáki, a middle-sized place, lying west from Káuru, a town which
we shall soon connect with Kanó. About one day south from Dawáki lies a
mountainous district, with the village Libélle, inhabited by pagans.
3rd. Sháffero, a place surrounded with a wall, and dependent on Káuru.
The inhabitants are said to eat dogs.
4th. Encamp on the bank of the river Kadúna (báki-n-Kadúna), with a
village N.E. from the river.
7th. Katab, a district consisting of a great number of hamlets, very
rich in honey, and with a good cultivation of sorghum, millet, cotton,
and sesamum. A small rivulet or torrent intersects the district, running
towards the north. Pass the two preceding nights in two small villages,
the names of which my informant had forgotten; most probably they are
identical with Gídan Bakáya (not G. Banaya) and Kála. One long day’s
march N.E. from Katab, is the pagan district Sháwe, wherein the Kadúna
is said to take its rise.
8th. Kajé, a village situated on the top of a hill, other villages being
scattered about in the plain.
9th. Dangóma, a small slave-village belonging to Darróro, situated on
the top of a mountain. About the middle of your day’s march you cross
the river Gurára, running through a deep valley, and forming a cascade
at some distance N.E. from Darróro. It runs westward, though in a very
winding course, and joins the Kadúna near the town of Gwári. This is
evidently the river which Lander calls Rári, and which, its course not
being accurately observed by him, as he had to cross it repeatedly, has
given rise to that unfortunate theory of Capt. William Allen, with
regard to the connection of the Chadda with Lake Chád, or rather Tsád.
10th. Darróro, a town in a strong position, surrounded with an
artificial wall only on the north side; still belonging to the province
of Zegzeg. At some distance from it, in the plain, there is a new
Féllani settlement called Jemáʿa-n-Darróro; the word jemmáʿa, or, as it
is generally pronounced, jemmára, “the congregation,” being the
characteristic word for the religious and political reformation of the
Fúlbe. There is a direct road from Katab to Jemmáʿa, passing by the
small open place called “Madáwaki-n-mútuwa,” where the mountainous
district commences. It was in Darróro that Richard Lander thought that
he was but a few miles distant from Yákoba, the capital of Báuchi, while
in reality he seems to have been, in a direct line, about one hundred
miles distant from it; and as this line, owing to the mountainous nature
of the country and the wild and unsubdued spirit of its pagan
inhabitants, is not passable, he was about a hundred and sixty miles
from it by the ordinary track.
THE ROUTE FROM JEMMÁʿA-N-DARRÓRO TO KÉFFI-N-ABDEZÉNGA, WITH THE BRANCH
ROAD TO LÁFIYA BERÉBERÉ.
1st day. Kogóm, a small place on the slope of the mountain, and
inhabited by slaves. The neighbourhood is thickly covered with forest,
through which, on the west side of the village, the Gurára winds along,
being here navigable for boats, at least in the rainy season. Arrive at
noon.
2nd. Gwári-n-kúrremi, a large open place in the wilderness; no hills. A
small torrent runs N.W. in the direction of Káteri. About noon.
3rd. Toní, a large walled place with much cultivation and many hamlets
dotting the neighbourhood; about noon. From hence a road leads to Láfiya
Beréberé in three days, S.E.
4th. Likóro, a large town with a clay wall; the houses built half of
clay, half of shíbki; a good day’s march. There is another more
circuitous way from Toní to Likóro, passing by Tonúng-mádaki, a place
situated in a valley with much forest, and not far north from two places
surrounded with clay walls, one of which is called Tonúng-wámbay—and by
“Gulbí-n-túnka,” a small open place with much cultivation, which has
received this name from the Háusa travellers, on account of its being
situated on a small stream (gulbí) running northwards.
5th. Kéffi-n-Abdezénga, a large town surrounded with a clay wall, and
situated at the eastern foot of the mountains; the town partly yumbú,
partly shíbki. Arrive about dhohor.
ROUTES UNITING KÉFFI-N-ABDEZÉNGA WITH TÓTO AND FÁNDA.
From Kéffi-n-Abdezénga to Tóto there are several roads, the stations of
which are at the following places:—
1st day. Gongóndara, a large place with a wall in decay. Plenty of
water; the mountains are at some distance.
2nd. Gwágwa, a middle-sized town surrounded with a clay wall; to the
east a considerable mountain-group.
3rd. Támma, a large walled place in a plain with much water.
4th. Dógeri, a place of middle size, the frontier-place (in 1851) of the
extensive province of Zegzeg, and of the independent kingdom of
Fánda.[153]
5th. Ógobe, a large walled market-place belonging to Tóto.[154] The
neighbourhood is a plain abounding in water.
6th. Ganó, a considerable open place; country flat; plenty of trees,
particularly of those called mája.
7th. Enter Tóto in the morning.
Another road, sometimes uniting with the former, at others diverging
from it, passes by the following places:
1st day. Yánkardé; short march.
2nd. Gwágwa; short march.
3rd. Bókoko.
4th. A large village of the Bása; about noon.
5th. A large town situated in a plain, and surrounded with a clay wall;
the inhabitants speak the Bása language, but pay tribute to Záriya. My
informant called this town Gorgóndara; but I think he must be mistaken.
6th. Wári, a large open place with much cultivation of corn; the whole
country is flat. Arrive about noon.
7th. Kargo, a village. The country level, and covered with forest.
8th. Gwári-n-Kargo, a village, the frontier-place of the territory of
Zegzeg (that is to say, in 1851; but since the end of the year 1853, it
appears, both from what Dr. Baikie and his companions learnt on their
interesting and successful expedition up the river Bénuwé, and from what
I myself heard on my return to Kanó from my journey to Timbúktu, that
the Fúlbe, partly by treachery, partly by warfare, have made great
progress in this direction, extending their depredations to the very
bank of the river). A small stream or torrent skirts the side of the
village, running towards the Kadúna; here is more cultivation. Arrive in
the forenoon.
9th. Another open village of the Bása, with a good deal of cultivation;
arrive about noon.