The authorities used in the following chronological list of the
archbishops of Manila are as follows: San Antonio, Chronicas; Zúñiga,
Historia general; Delgado, Historia; Buzeta y Bravo, Diccionario;
Ferrando y Fonseca, Historia de los padres dominicos; Montero y Vidal,
Historia general; various copies of the Guia; the Reports of the
Philippine Commission; and some minor works.
SALAZAR, DOMINGO DE, O.P.--Born at Rioja, in 1512; takes Dominican
habit at convent of San Esteban, Salamanca; becomes master in theology;
missionary in Nueva España for 40 years; goes to Spain as procurator
general for his province, and preaches before Felipe II, in favor of
the Indians; proposed as first bishop of the Philippines in 1578 and
consecrated at Madrid, 1579; arrives at Manila in March, 1581, with
two Jesuits, two coadjutors, eight Franciscans, and one Dominican;
erects cathedral of Manila, Dec. 21, 1581, by virtue of bull of Gregory
XIII, as suffragan to the see of Mexico; celebrates provincial synod
(1582-86), with attendance of 90 ecclesiastics and 6 seculars (to
discuss both ecclesiastical and secular matters); tries to enforce
episcopal visit on the regulars, thus raising the question in the
Philippines that was so often to convulse those islands both in
ecclesiastical and secular circles; royal Audiencia founded partly
on account of his petition; defends natives against encomenderos;
aids greatly in the building of the cathedral and in the church of the
Dominicans, as well as the hospital for the natives, and the college
of Santa Potenciana; quarrels with Gomez Perez Dasmariñas, by whom
the Audiencia had been suppressed in obedience to royal commands;
goes to Spain in 1591 (leaving his companion Salvatierra in charge),
to seek royal redress, and secures reëstablishment of Audiencia,
and complete royal favor, although opposed by the governor and the
Augustinians; procures elevation of Manila into a metropolitan see,
with three suffragan churches; designated as first archbishop by
king, but dies Dec. 4, 1594, at college of Santo Tomás at Madrid,
before the papal bulls arrive, aged 82; hot-headed and impetuous,
and apt to meddle too freely in secular affairs, but a worker. See
the many documents in our series by Salazar, and those containing
matter in regard to him.
SANTIBAÑEZ, IGNACIO, O.S.F.--Native of Búrgos; guardian of the province
of Búrgos, and later provincial; preacher to Felipe II; presented as
first archbishop, June 17, 1595; consecrated in Nueva España in 1596;
delays going to the Philippines until 1598 because the bulls of the
pallium are not correct in all details; takes possession of his see,
May 28, 1598; immediately erects the cathedral into a metropolitan
church, with three suffragan sees (Cebú, with Pedro de Agurto, O.S.A.,
as bishop; Nueva Cáceres, with Miguel Benavides, O.P., as bishop;
and Nueva Segovia, with Francisco Ortega, O.S.A., as bishop), by
virtue of the bull of Clement VII, dated Aug. 14, 1595; Audiencia
reëstablished during his time; dies from dysentery, Aug. 14, 1598,
after term of 2 months and 17 days; buried in cathedral; funeral
sermon preached by Pedro de Agurto, O.S.A., bishop of Cebú.