xlvi, lii, liv, lix
Reato, Mordehai, 45
“Rebus Emanuelis, de,” 98
Recife, xxxvii
“Reconciler,” 29, 42
Recusancy Acts, lviii
Red Sea, 19, 41
Redemption from Babylon, 42
Reformation, the, xv, xviii, 160 (notes)
“Refutatis libri cui titulus Præadamitæ,” 147
Reggio, State of, 88
Religious liberty, xx, xxi, lxxvi (_see_ Cromwell’s policy, xxviii);
progress of, xix;
restricted form of, xviii
Rembrandt, lxix;
friend of Menasseh, 169 (notes);
painted two portraits of Menasseh, 149 (notes)
“Remnant Found, The,” 152 (notes)
Republican Government, xix, lxxiv, xxvii;
triumph, xxiii
Resettlement, petition, xxxv;
question, Holmes’s treatise on, xxvi
Restoration, lxx;
Cromwell’s maritime and commercial policy carried out after, lxxiii
Retio, 85
Reuben, tribe of, 29
Reubenita, David, 33
Reubenite, David the (_see_ Reubenita) = David Reubeni, 33, 155 (notes)
Reuchlin, 72
“Revelation Revealed, The,” 63
“Revelation Unrevealed, The,” 67
Revolution, xx
Ribera, Franciscus de, 19
Ricaut, lxxiv
Riccards, Alderman, xlvii
Riccius, P. Matthæus, 29, 30
Richardson, Samuel, lxvi
“Rights of the Kingdom,” 166 (notes)
Rios, Amador de los, xiv
Robles, Don Antonio Rodrigues, lx, lxi, lxii, lxiii;
Robles’s petition to the Protector, lxiv;
reinstated, lxvi
Rocamora, Vicente de, xiii
Rodrigues, Don Daniel, 88
Rofe, Selomo, ambassador to Venice, 86 (_see_ Rophe)
Roman, 22;
empire, 101
“Romance al diuin Martir Juda Creyente,” poem by Gomez, 158 (notes)
Romans, 32, 35, 90, 97;
Bar Cochba rebelled against the, 157 (notes);
the kingdom of the, 126
Rome, xiii, 26, 48, 50, 57, 95, 96, 160 (notes), 163 (notes);
a famous lawyer of, 93;
Habyssins at, 34;
Jews in, 87;
monarch of, 131;
Paul IV. of, 98;
people of, 129;
Pope of, 94
Rophé, Señor H. Meyr, 157 (notes)
Rophe, Don Selomo (_see_ Rofe) = Rabbi Solomon ben Nathan Aschkenazi,
49, 159 (notes)
Rosales, Immanuel Bocarus Frances, a Count Palatin, lxxx, 89, 163
(notes)
Ross, Alexander, xlii, xliii, lvii, lxiii, 165 (notes)
Rothschild, Baron Lionel de, lxxvi
Rous, Francis, xlvii
Rowe, Owen, xlvii
Royalists, xl, xli, lxxi;
letter, lix;
spies, lx;
spies in Holland, xviii;
treat with Jews, lxxiii
Rudolph, Emperor, 160 (notes)
Ruffinus, 119
Rupert’s Horse, xlii
Rutes, the Lords, 49
Ruthes, 88
Rycaut, xv _n._, liii _n._
Sabbath, 37;
Jewish, 37
Sabbathion or Sabbathian River, 35, 37, 38, 40 (_see_ Sabbatical River)
Sabbatical River, 35–38, 66, 69, 153 (notes)
Sabellicus, Marcus Antonius, cited, 97
Sadler, John, contemporary of Menasseh ben Israel, xxii, xxvii, xl,
xliii, lviii, lxii, lxiii _n._, 166, 167 (notes)
Sagredo, xli
Saladin, King of Egypt, 50
Salamanca, xiv, 39
Salaminque, Synagogues of, 86
Salines, Captain, 25
Salmanassar, captivity of, 69;
Salmanaster, 20;
Salmaneser, 33, 37, 42
Salvetti, xli _n._, lix
Samaria, 29, 130
Samaritans, 128
Sambation, 153 (notes), (_see_ Sabbatical River)
Samuel ben Israel, xxxvi
Samuel, Jacob, 152 (notes);
Rabbi, 166 (notes)
Sanhedrin, 35, 156 (notes)
Saracen, 115
Saragoci, grandson of Ferdinand and son of Emanuel, 51
Saragossa, xii
Saraph baxas, Jews as, in Egypt, 49
Sarazens, 30
Sasol, Prince of, 88
Sasportas, Jacob, xxxvii _n._
Satah, R. Simeon ben, 141
Satthianadhan, cited, 160 (notes)
Savoy, Duke of, 51, 84, 97 (_see_ Felibert)
“Scala de Spalatro,” 82
Scaliger, cited, 160 (notes)
Scandia, Marquis of, 88
“Scebet Jehuda,” 121, 168 (notes)
Shemtob de Leon, Moses ben, 158 (notes)
Schikhardus, cited, 31
Schmieles, Jacob Basevi, 160 (notes), (_see_ Bathsebah)
Schwab, cited, 154 (notes)
Scythia, 20, 42
Seadiah, Rabbi = Saadja ben Joseph = Saadja Gaon, 158 (notes)
Seba, Fernando Jacob ben, 86
Sebastian, King, 51
Second Temple, 46, 53
“Sedar Olam,” 35, 156 (notes)
Seignor of Millo = Joseph Nasino, 86
Sekes, Governors of, 49 (_see_ Rutes)
Selencus, 128
Selim, Sultan, 49, 113, 135;
peace with Venetians, 49
Selve, George de, 161 (notes)
Senensis, Sixtus, cited, 125
Separatists, xviii, xix
“Sephar Eldad Danita,” 34, 156 (notes)
“Sermois,” 147
Setuval, 99
Seven Islands, Lord of the, 49
Seville, xii
Sextus V., Pope, 50
Shalmaneser, King of Assyria, 29, 32
Shinar, 40
“Shir Ha-Shirim Rabba” = “Asirim Rabba,” 157 (notes)
Shulamite, 58
Shunamite, the, 64
“Sicilian Constitutions,” cited, 115
“Sifre,” 158 (notes), (_see_ Johay)
Silesia, lxxx
Silva, Don Francesco Meldonado de = Eli Nazarenus, a Marrano (_see_
Marquis of Montfort, 158) (notes), 159 (notes)
Simeon the Just, 128
Simon, Barbara Anne, 152 (notes)
Simon, Rabbi, cited, 36
Simon, Petrus, cited, 23
Sina, 29, 40, 41
Sinai, Mount, 114
Sinear, 40
Sinim, Land of, 31 (_see_ Sina)
Singer, Rev. S., cited, 163 (notes)
Sion, 46, 61, 62
Sisibuthus, the end of, 51
“Smectymnuus,” xlviii
Smyrna, xv, 151 (notes)
Sobierre, 169 (notes)
Soeiro, Semvel ben Israel, 150 (notes) (_see_ Samuel Ben Israel)
“Sohar” = “Zohar” = “Zoar,” 158 (notes)
Soliman, Sultan, 97
Solime, Sultan, 86
Solinus, cited, 33
Solis, Eliazar de, 117
Solis, Simao Pires, 117
Solomon, Isle of = Isabel Island, 115 (notes)
Solomon and Hierusalem, 155
Solon, 98
Solymon II., 160 (notes)
Sonsinos, 49, 159 (notes)
Southern Sea, 16
South Sea, De Queiros enters, 26
Spain, xi, xii, xiii, 51, 54, 84, 90, 154;
banishments of, 46;
banishment of Jews from, 93;
cruelties to Jews in, xlv;
Inquisition in, lxiv;
Indians compelled to swear fealty to King of, 25;
Jews in, 83;
King of, lxi, 28, 49, 91, 93, 121—_see_ Alfonso, 168 (notes);
_see_ King Alphonso the Wise of, 102;
King of, present at an “act of the faith” at Madrid, 117;
Papistry of, xxix;
struggle with Elizabeth, xv;
trade of, xxx;
war with, lx;
when possessed by the Moors, 39
Spaniards, 17, 18;
in America, 25;
baptized Indians and then murdered them, 113;
cruelty of, to Indians, 11;
dwelling in the Indies affirm that the Indians come of the Ten
Tribes, according to Menasseh
ben Israel, 20;
find sepulchres, 21;
first come to America, 16;
found by accident, who had remained hidden eight hundred years, 39;
in India, 13
Spanish, cruelties, 51;
Inquisition, 47;
nationality, lxiv
Spence, liii _n._
Spencer or Spenser, Sir Edward, xxvii, xxviii, 151 (notes), 161 (notes)
“Spes Israelis,” xxii, 68, 146
Spinoza, xxxvi
Spizelli, Theophili, 152 (notes)
States General, xvii, 144
Steele, William, xlvii, xlix
Steinschneider, cited, 162 (notes)
Sterry, Peter, l
Strabo, cited, 55
Straus, Oscar, xix _n._
Strickland, xxxi, xlvii
Stuarts, lxviii;
enemies of the, lxx
Sueton, cited, 55
Sura, schools of (_see_ Seadiah), 158 (notes)
Surinam, xxxvii
Sweden, Jews in, xlv;
Queen of, xxxvi
Sydenham, William, xlvii
Syria, 35, 40, 130
Syrian tyrants, 62
Sythia, 41
Tabaiares, 25, 26
Tabis, 20
Tabne, 125
Tabor, a province of Tartary, 33
Tacitus, cited, 55
Talmud, cited, 110, 125, 127;
cited, 133;
cited, 136;
cited, 140, 157 (notes);
Babylonian, cited, 36, 43;
Jerusalem, 35;
Rabbins in the, 43
Talmudists, 75, 92
Taradanta, governors of, 49 (_see_ Rutes)
“Targum”—_see_ Onkelos, 135 (notes);
Uziel, 155 (notes)
“Targum upon Ruth,” cited, 138
“Targum Yerushalmi,” 155 (notes)
Tarshish, 28
Tarsis, 19, 44
Tartarians, 6
Tartaria the Greater, 20 (_see_ Arsareth)
Tartars, 54
Tartary, 6, 20, 29, 31, 33, 40, 42, 53, 55
Tartas, Isaac Castrensis = Isaac de Castro Tartas, burnt at Lisbon, 47,
158 (notes)
Tartyri, lxxxi
Tegris, 39
Temple, first, 46;
second, 6, 36, 39, 46, 53;
third, 52
Ten Tribes, the, xxvi, lxxviii, 6, 20, 22, 29, 30, 31, 33, 34, 36, 38,
40, 41, 42, 43, 66, 69, 151 (notes), 152 (notes), 155 (notes);
habitations of the, 39;
in Ethiopia, 156 (notes);
in Spain, 20;
Kingdom of the, 44
Terbinon, Thomas = Thomas (Isaac) Trebiño de Sobremente, 48, 159
(notes)
Terceræ, Islands of, 55
Tertullian, cited, 120
“The Thorn Tree,” 153 (notes)
“Thesoro de los dirim,” 146
Theta, 153 (notes)
Thompson, Sheriff, xlvii
“Thoraces, The,” 87
Thorowgood, Thomas, xxiv, xxv _n._, lxxviii, 67, 152 (notes), 153
(notes);
treatise of, xxv
Thraskytes, the race of, 66
Thurloe, xxxi, xxxii, xxxix _n._, xl, xli _n._, li, liv _n._, lx _n._,
lxi, lxxxviii
Thurloe’s advice to Menasseh, xxxviii
Tiahuanacu, a province of Collai, 21
Tiberiades, Governor of (_see_ Jacob Jaes), 86
Tiberius, 55
Tibur, 33
Tiglah-Pileser, 29
“Tiguanac, Antiquity of,” 22
Timæus, Plato’s, 54
Titus, Emperor, 36, 126
Tobit, Book of, 35
Toledo, xii, 117
Toledo, Lady Leonora de, daughter of D. Peter de Toledo, 49
Toledo, D. Peter de, Viceroy of Naples, 49
Toleration movement, xxii;
Owen’s scheme of, xxix;
religious, xxxi
Tornunfus, 36 = Turnus Rufus, 157 (notes)
Torquemada, xii
Toscani, Duke of = Duke Cosmus de Medicis, 49
Totonacazenses, 22
Totones of New Spain, 22
Tours, 160 (notes)
Tovey, xli
Trachomites, the, 138
Thrask, 69
Trent, Council of, lxxxi
Treuenburg, von (_see_ Bathsebah)
Tribes, the Ten (_see_ Ten Tribes);
the Twelve (_see_ Twelve Tribes);
the Two (_see_ Two Tribes)
Trigantius, Nicholaus, 29
Triglath Pilesser, 32
Tuckney, Anthony, xlviii
Tudela, Benjamin of = Tudelensis, 38, 156 (notes), 158 (notes)
Tudelensis (_see_ Tudela)
Tully, cited, 130
Tunes = Tunis, 19, 95, 154 (notes)
Turk, the, 49;
the Grand, xv;
Jews at Court of the Grand, 85;
kingdom of the Great, 86
Turkish Empire, 162 (notes);
Jews in, 85, 113
Turks, 57;
conquered by Emperor Charles V., 95
Turkey, 100;
Jewish families play important part in, 159 (notes)
Tuscany, Grand Duke of, lix, 87
Twelve Tribes, the, of Israel, 153 (notes), (_see_ “Thorn Tree”);
Prince of the, 43
Two Tribes, the, 52, 53, 70, 85
Tyberias, Governor of (_see_ Jacob Aben Jaes), 49
Tyril, lxxi
Upper India, 38
“Ur of the Chaldees,” 153 (notes)
Usque, Samuel (_see_ Vasquo), 163 (notes)
Utre, Philip d’, 23, 24
Uziel, Rabbi Jonathan ben, author of “Targum,” 19, 36, 155 (notes)
Valladolid, 47
Valle, Marquis del, 17
Vanega, 18
Vasquo = Usque, 163 (notes);
cited, 99
Vega, Don Diego Vaca de la, 25
Vega, Garcillasso de la, 19;
cited, 54
Venetian Senate, 160 (notes)
Venetians make peace with Selim, 49
Venezuela, 23
Venice, 86, 87, 160 (notes);
Republic of, 49;
Senate of, 88, 97
Veray, the Lord Lope de (_see_ Alacron), 158 (notes)
Verga, Solomon Aben, 167 (notes)
Verona, Jews in, 87;
Mounts of Piety at, 101
Verus, Jacobus, astrologer of Prague, 28
Vespacius, 17
Vespasian, 126
Vicarius, Joannes Castilianus, 24
Vicenza, Mounts of Piety at, 101
Vienna, 115;
Jews in, 86
Villefleur, 28
Villependi, Marquis de = Lord Joseph de Fano, 87
Viles, the, 87
Vinaque, River, 22
“Vindiciæ Judæorum,” xvi, lxiii, lxiv, lxxvii, 105;
cited, 164
Violet, Thomas, xlii _n._, lxvii _n._, lxxi, lxxii
Viterbe, Cardinal Egidio di, pupil of Elias Grammaticus, 160 (notes)
Voga, Garcillassos de la; cited, 21
Vorstius, 169 (notes)
Vossius, the family of, 169 (notes)
Vsquoquibs, the, 88
Wales, Judaical sects in, xxii
Wall, Moses, xxvii, 151 (notes), 154 (notes), 161 (notes)
Walsingham, Sir Francis, 165 (notes)
War of Gog and Magog, 43, 52
Webb, lxxv _n._
West Indian Company, xxx
West Indians, 27
West Indies, xxxvi, 11, 19, 21, 29;
first Colonies of, 18;
inhabitants of, 6
Westminster Assembly, xlviii
Whitchcote, xlviii
Whitehall, xvii, xliv, xlvi, xlvii;
meeting of Council of Mechanics at, xix
Whitehall Assembly, xvii, lvii, 144
Whitehall Conference, xix, xlviii, l _n._, li, lii, liii, lviii, lix,
lxvi, lxxxiv, 149 (notes);
adjourned, xlix;
meeting between Nye and Prynne at, 167 (notes)
Whitelock, xxi _n._, xli
Wicofortius, Jaochimus, 31
Wiener, cited, 168 (notes)
Wilkes, Anna, 153 (notes)
Wilkinson, Henry, xlviii
Williams, Roger, xix, xxii, xl
Wilna, 151 (notes)
Wolf, Lucien, cited, xii _n._, xv _n._, xix _n._, xxxiii, xxxviii,
lxxv, lxxvi, 157 (notes), 160 (notes)
Wolseley, Sir Charles, xlvi, xlvii
Wood, C. M., cited, 155 (notes)
Xarites, 91
Xenophon, cited, 55
Xylus, 154 (notes)
Yad Hachazaka = Iad a Razaka, 167 (notes)
York, Marrano settlements in, xiv
Zacculo, Abraham = Zaccuto, 45, 158 (notes)
Zaduces, 125
Zarate, cited, 54
Zealand, 27
Zebulon, tribe of, 32
Zeeland, lxix
“Zemach David,” 163 (notes), 169 (notes)
Zeno, Emperor, 31
Zevi, Sabbethai = Pseudo-Messiah, xv
Zidan, Mulai or Mulet = King of Maracco, 49, 127
Zion, 60, 114, 145
“Zoar” = “Zohar” = “Sohar,” 45, 93, 158 (notes), (_see_ Johay), 163
(notes)
Zuñiga, Alonzo di Ercilla y (_see_ Erzilla), 155 (notes)
Zunz, cited, 155 (notes), 157 (notes), 165 (notes)
THE END
Printed by BALLANTYNE, HANSON & CO.
Edinburgh & London
-----
Footnote 1:
Wolf, “Crypto-Jews under the Commonwealth” (_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._,
vol. i. pp. 55 _et seq._); “The Middle Age of Anglo-Jewish History”
(_Papers read at the Anglo-Jewish Historical Exhibition_, pp. 53–79).
Footnote 2:
The origin of this name is obscure. There seems to be little doubt
that it was originally a nickname, seeing that the classical name for
the converts was _Nuevos Cristianos_, or “New Christians.” Graetz
believes that Marrano is derived from Maran-atha, in allusion to 1
Cor. xvi. 22, “If any man love not the Lord, let him be Anathema
Maran-atha” (_Geschichte der Juden_, vol. viii. p. 73).
Footnote 3:
Kayserling, _Juden in Portugal_, p. 327.
Footnote 4:
Graetz, vol. viii. pp. 309–11; Ehrentheil, _Jüdisches Familien Buch_,
p. 326.
Footnote 5:
Kayserling, p. 139.
Footnote 6:
Graetz, vol. x. pp. 195, 196, 200; Da Costa, _Israel and the
Gentiles_, p. 408; Kayserling, p. 302.
Footnote 7:
Graetz, vol. viii. pp. 342–43; Colonial State Papers (Spanish), vol.
i. pp. 51, 164.
Footnote 8:
Wolf, _Middle Age_, pp. 64, 67–70; S. L. Lee in _Gentleman’s
Magazine_, Feb. 1880.
Footnote 9:
Wolf, _Middle Age_, p. 68; Graetz, vol. ix. p. 494.
Footnote 10:
_Historia de los Judios de España_, vol. iii. p. 357.
Footnote 11:
Wolf, _Crypto-Jews_, loc. cit.
Footnote 12:
Wolf, _Middle Age_, pp. 61–63.
Footnote 13:
De Castro, _Auswahl von Grabsteinen_, Part I. p. 28.
Footnote 14:
Rycaut, _History of the Turkish Empire_ (1687), vol. ii. pp. 174, _et
seq._
Footnote 15:
_Infra_, pp. 143–145.
Footnote 16:
Tracts on Liberty of Conscience, 1614–1661 (Hanserd Knollys Soc.), pp.
28, 30–31, 47, 71.
Footnote 17:
Hist. MSS. Com. Rep. VII., MSS. of Sir F. Graham, pp. 401–403.
Footnote 18:
See reprint by Hanserd Knollys Soc., p. 141. For Roger Williams’s
services to the cause of Jewish Toleration, see Wolf, “American
Elements in the Resettlement” (_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. iii. pp.
77–78), and Straus, “Roger Williams, the Pioneer of Religious
Liberty,” pp. 172–178.
Footnote 19:
Edwards, _Gangræna_, Part III. p. 103.
Footnote 20:
Art. 10. See also his “Good Work for a Good Magistrate” (1651), pp.
53, 90.
Footnote 21:
_Mercurius Pragmaticus_, Dec. 19–26, 1648.
Footnote 22:
Firth, “Notes on the History of the Jews in England, 1648–1660.”
_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. iv.
Footnote 23:
“The Petition of the Jews for the Repealing of the Act of Parliament
for their Banishment out of England” (Lond., 1649).
Footnote 24:
Fuller, “A Pisgah-sight of Palestine,” Book V. p. 194.
Footnote 25:
Calendar State Papers, Dom. 1623–25. p. 435.
Footnote 26:
Whitelock, “Memorials,” p. 397.
Footnote 27:
De Castro, _Auswahl_, loc. cit.
Footnote 28:
Edwards, _Gangræna_, i. p. 121; ii. pp. 26, 31; “Middlesex County
Records,” vol. iii. pp. 186–87; _Anabaptisticum Pantheon_, p. 233;
Hickes, _Peculium Dei_, pp. 19–26. There are many other scattered
references in the literature of the period to this curious movement.
Footnote 29:
A good life of Menasseh ben Israel has yet to be written. Short
biographies have been published by Kayserling (English translation in
_Miscellany of Hebrew Literature_, vol. ii.); the Rev. Dr. H. Adler,
Chief Rabbi of the British Empire (_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. i.);
and Graetz (_Geschichte der Juden_, vol. x.). None of these is
exhaustive, or based on bedrock material.
Footnote 30:
“Gratulação ao seren. Raynha Henri. Maria, dignissima corsorte ao
august; Carlo, Rey da Grande Britannia, Francia e Hebernia” (Amst.,
1642).
Footnote 31:
Harl. Misc., vol. vii. p. 623; _infra_, p. lxxvii.
Footnote 32:
Thorowgood, “Jews in America” (1660), Postscript to the “Epistle
Dedicatory.”
Footnote 33:
The Declaration of the Unity of God, the fundamental teaching of
Judaism (Deut. vi. 4–9). _Shema_ means “Hear,” and it is the first
word of verse 4: “Hear, O Israel; the Lord our God is one God.”
Footnote 34:
Dury, “Epistolary Discourse to Mr. Thomas Thorowgood” (1649).
Footnote 35:
Thorowgood, “Jews in America” (1650), pp. 129 _et seq._
Footnote 36:
The text of the letter has not been preserved, but its contents are
summarised in Holmes’s reply, printed in an appendix to Felgenhauer’s
_Bonum Nuncium Israeli_.
Footnote 37:
_Vindiciæ Judæorum_, _infra_, pp. 143–144.
Footnote 38:
Dury, “Epistolary Discourse.” For text of the letters, see _infra_, p.
lxxviii.
Footnote 39:
_Bonum Nuncium_, loc. cit.
Footnote 40:
This tract has been the source of a curious misunderstanding.
Kayserling, who apparently never examined more of it than the
title-page, on which the author is described as “E. S. Middlesex,”
ascribed it to “Lord Middlesex,” and regarded it as favourable to
Menasseh (_Misc. Heb. Lit._, ii. p. 33). Had he looked at the Latin
translation at the end he would have found the name of the author
given in full. Moreover, the writer, so far from being philo-Semitic,
expressly states that the object of his pamphlet was the “taking off
the scandall of our too great desire of entertayning the unbeleeving
Nation of the Jewes.” Kayserling’s errors have been adopted without
inquiry by Graetz, Adler, and other writers.
Footnote 41:
“Rights of the Kingdom,” p. 39.
Footnote 42:
“Pisgah-sight of Palestine,” Book V. pp. 194 _et seq._
Footnote 43:
“Good Work,” &c., _loc. cit._
Footnote 44:
Writing to Crawford in 1643, says: “The State, in choosing men to
serve it, takes no notice of their opinions; if they be willing
faithfully to serve it—that satisfies.... Bear with men of different
minds from yourself.” Carlyle, “Cromwell’s Letters and Speeches,” i.
p. 148.
Footnote 45:
Gardiner, “History of the Commonwealth,” vol. ii.
Footnote 46:
Carlyle, “Cromwell’s Letters and Speeches,” vol. iii. pp. 23, 25, 26.
Footnote 47:
_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. i. pp. 73–74; vol. ii. pp. 17–18; Wolf,
“Jewish Emancipation in the City” (_Jewish Chronicle_, Nov. 30, 1894);
Graetz, _Geschichte_, vol. x. p. 19.
Footnote 48:
Wolf, “Cromwell’s Jewish Intelligencers” (Lond., 1891).
Footnote 49:
S. R. Gardiner in the _Academy_, March 4, 1882.
Footnote 50:
_Vindiciæ Judæorum_, p. 5; _infra_, p. 111; “Humble Addresses,”
_infra_, p. 77.
Footnote 51:
Cal. State Papers, Dom. (1651), p. 472.
Footnote 52:
Cal. State Papers, Dom. (1651–52), p. 577; (1652–53), p. 38.
Footnote 53:
Thurloe State Papers, vol. i. p. 387; Clarendon State Papers, vol. ii.
p. 233.
Footnote 54:
_Supra_, p. xvii.
Footnote 55:
Wolf, “Resettlement of the Jews in England” (1888), p. 9.
Footnote 56:
For text of these petitions see _Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. iii.
pp. 88–93.
Footnote 57:
State Papers, Dom. Interregnum, i. 75 (1654), pp. 596, 620.
Footnote 58:
Rawl. MSS., A 260, fol. 57. Text of this letter is given in _Trans.
Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. iii. p. 93.
Footnote 59:
_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. ii. pp. 18, 45–46.
Footnote 60:
Cal. of State Papers, Dom., 1655, p. 585.
Footnote 61:
_Supra_, p. xvii.
Footnote 62:
_Infra_, p. lxxxvii.
Footnote 63:
_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. iii. p. 90.
Footnote 64:
Wolf, “American Elements in the Resettlement” (_Trans. Jew. Hist.
Soc._, vol. iii. pp. 95–100); Wolf, “Cromwell’s Jewish
Intelligencers,” 1891, pp. 11–12.
Footnote 65:
Cal. of State Papers, Dom., 1655, p. 583.
Footnote 66:
“Cromwell’s Jewish Intelligencers,” _loc. cit._
Footnote 67:
_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. iii. pp. 82–86.
Footnote 68:
Jacob Sasportas, who had acted as a “corrector” in Menasseh’s
printing-office in Amsterdam, and was afterwards elected Chief Rabbi
in London, was a member of the mission (Graetz, vol. x. notes, p.
xix). Raguenet states (_Histoire d’Oliver Cromwell_, p. 290) that two
other Rabbis accompanied it, “Rabbi Jacob ben Azahel” and “David ben
Eliezer of Prague.” I have not been able to identify these persons,
but tentatively I am disposed to think that “Azahel” is a corruption
of “Heschel,” and that the person referred to is Rabbi Josua ben Jacob
Heschel of Lublin. Menasseh’s elder son lived for some time in Lublin,
and it is quite possible that Heschel came to London to lay the case
of the persecuted Polish Jews before Cromwell.
Footnote 69:
Wolf, “Menasseh ben Israel’s Study in London,” _Trans. Jew. Hist.
Soc._, vol. iii. pp. 144 _et seq._
Footnote 70:
Felgenhauer, _Bonum Nuncium Israeli_, p. 110.
Footnote 71:
_Infra_, p. 47.
Footnote 72:
_Infra_, p. lxxix.
Footnote 73:
Graetz, _Geschichte_, vol. x. pp. 52–82; _Mercurius Politicus_, Dec.
17, 1655; Thurloe State Papers, vol. iv. p. 333.
Footnote 74:
“Annals of England” (1655), vol. iii. p. 31.
Footnote 75:
The interest of the Embassies in the question is illustrated by the
frequent reference made to it in the despatches of Chanut (Thurloe,
vol. ii. p. 652), Nieupoort (_Ibid._, vol. iv. pp. 333, 338; “New York
Colonial MSS.,” vol. i. pp. 579, 583), Sagredo and Salvetti (_Revue
des Études Juives_, No. 11, pp. 103–104). Nieupoort’s view is shown by
the assurance he extracted from Menasseh that there was no intention
to invite Dutch Jews to England (Thurloe, vol. iv. p. 333).
Footnote 76:
“Memorials,” p. 618.
Footnote 77:
_Trans. Jew. Hist. Soc._, vol. i. pp. 70–71, 75.
Footnote 78:
_Ibid._, p. 44.
Footnote 79:
_Infra_, p. 118. _London News Letter_, April 2, 1649 (Cartes Letters,
vol. i. p. 275).
Footnote 80:
Jesse, “England under the Stuarts,” vol. ii. p. 297; Tovey, _Anglia
Judaica_, p. 275.
Footnote 81:
Violet, “Petition against the Jews,” p. 2.
Footnote 82:
The violence of such tracts as Prynne’s “Demurrer,” Ross’s “View of
the Jewish Religion,” and the anonymous “Case of the Jews Stated,” has
no parallel in the literature of the time.
Footnote 83:
Paul Isaiah, “The Messias of the Christians and the Jews.”
Footnote 84:
Prynne, “Demurrer,” Part I. p. 73.
Footnote 85:
Copley, “Case of the Jews is Altered,” p. 4.
Footnote 86:
“View of the Jewish Religion.”
Footnote 87:
See especially Prynne’s “Demurrers,” and “Anglo-Judæus,” by W. H. Only
three ungrudging defences of the Jews were published—Copley’s “Case of
the Jews,” D. L.’s “Israel’s Condition and Cause Pleaded” (a very
feeble reply to Prynne), and Collier’s “Brief Answer.”
Footnote 88:
Dury, “A Case of Conscience.” Harl. Misc., vol. vii. p. 256.
Footnote 89:
“Life of Henry Jessey,” pp. 67–68.
Footnote 90:
Philo-Judæus, “The Resurrection of Dead Bones,” p. 102.
Footnote 91:
State Papers, Domestic. Interregnum, vol. i. 76, p. 353.
Footnote 92:
_Ibid._, p. 374. For text of petition, see _infra_, pp. lxxxii-lxxxiv.
Footnote 93:
Harl. Miscellany, vol. vii p. 618.
Footnote 94:
_Infra_, p. lxxxiv.
Footnote 95:
State Papers, Dom. Inter., i. 76, p. 374.
Footnote 96:
State Papers, Dom. Inter., i. 76, p. 375.
Footnote 97:
_Ibid._, pp. 378–379. For text of Circular see _infra_, p. lxxxiv.
Footnote 98:
_Publick Intelligencer_, December 10, 1655.
Footnote 99:
The list of members is given in State Papers, Dom. Inter., i. 76, p.
378.
Footnote 100:
_Publick Intelligencer_, loc. cit.
Footnote 101:
[Henry Jessey.] “A Narrative of the late Proceedings at Whitehall
Concerning the Jews, &c.,” Harl. Misc., vii. p. 623. See also Burton
(_pseud._ _i.e._ Nathaniel Crouch), _Judæorum Memorabilia_.
Footnote 102:
_Ibid._
Footnote 103:
That the Judges’ decision was given at the first meeting of the
Conference is clear from a statement made by Nye to Prynne on the
morning of the second meeting (“Short Demurrer,” p. 4).
Footnote 104:
_Publick Intelligencer_, loc. cit.
Footnote 105:
_Ibid._
Footnote 106:
_Judæorum Memorabilia_, p. 170.
Footnote 107: