MS. Harl. 978.
[222] MS. Harl. 2340.
[223] See sec. v. p. 4.
[224] In nomine Domini volatilia cœli erunt sub pedibus tuis--Vicit Leo
de tribu Juda radix David Alleluya--Quem iniquus homo ligavit, Dominus
per adventum suum solvet.
[225] Carta de Forresta, cap. xi.
[226] Rot. Parl. 34 Ed. III.
[227] Ibid. 37 Ed. 111.
[228] A. D. 1337. Regist. Adami Orleton. Epis. Wint. fol. 56.
[229] A hawk was called a nyesse, or an eyesse, from her having watery
eyes.
[230] Stat. xi. Hen. VII.
[231] Stat. xi. Hen. VII.
[232] Expen. Hosp. Reg. Ed. III. MS. Cott. Nero, C. viii. p. 275
[233] Between this and the next line the author makes the following
observation: "These ben hawkes of toure, and ben bothe illured to be
called and reclaymed." Jewel for Gentrie. Lond. 1614.
[234] Stow's Survey of London.
[235] The sheldrake is a species of wild fowl.
[236] Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy, book v. chap. 8. edit Lond. 1660.
[237] Harleian, MS. 2284.
[238] Jewel for Gentrie. Lond. 1614.
[239] Testament of Love, book ii.
[240] Knight of the Swan, Garrick's Collect. K. vol. x.
[241] Equos cursores. Malmsb. de Gest. Reg. Angl. lib. ii. cap. 6.
[242] I have followed the translation published by Mr. White, of
Fleet-street, A. D. 1772. See Stow's Survey of London, and republished
with additions by Strype. [The translation of Fitzstephen published by
Mr. White, was made by the late Dr. Samuel Pegge.]
[243] "Syr Bevys of Hampton," black letter, without date, printed by
Wm. Copland. Garrick's Collect. K. vol. ix.
[244] Bourne Antiq. Vulgares, chap. xxiv.
[245] Probably the elder Randel Holme of Chester, one of the city
heralds. MS. Harl. 2150 fol. 235.
[246] The thirty-first of Henry VIII.
[247] That is Shrove Tuesday.
[248] Probably the younger Randel Holme.
[249] MS. Harl. 2125.
[250] A. D. 1665. and 5 Charles II.
[251] In his Survey of the Town of Stamford, first printed A. D. 1646.
chap. 10.
[252] See p. 7. sec. vii.
[253] Bernado de Nictum pro uno cursorio hardo empto de eodem, xxv.
marc. Compot. Garderoba. An. xi. Ed. III. MS. Cot. Nero, C. viii. fol.
219.
[254] Michali de la Were Scut. Regis Navarr. present domino Regi duos
equos cursores ex parte dono Domini sui, de dono Regis. C. sol. Ibid.
[255] MS. Harl. 4690, written early in the fourteenth century.
[256] Peer or equal.
[257] A French word, signifying a large powerful horse.
[258] Steed, rabbit, nor camel.
[259] Lib. iv. fat. 3. Edit. 1599.
[260] Poem of Covetice, quoted by Warton. Hist. English Poetry, vol.
ii. p. 316.
[261] John Northbrooke.
[262] Anatomy of Melancholy, part. ii. sec. 2, chap. 4, edit. 1660.
[263] Pills to purge Melancholy, fourth edit. 1719, vol. ii. p. 53.
[264] Ency. Brit, under Race.
[265] Ibid.
[266] Probably Matthew Thomas Baskervile, whose name appears at the
end; it was written about the year 1690. MS. Harl. 4716.
[267] Dated Sept. 11, A.D. 1711. Spectator, vol. iii. No. 173.
[268] Olaii Worm. Lit. Run. p. 129. Barthol. p. 420. Pontoppidan's
Hist. Norway, p. 248.
[269] Claudius, B. iv.
[270] Tiberius, C. vi.
[271] Canterbury Tales.
[272] Peacham's Compleat Gentleman, p. 187. edit. 1622.
[273] Engraving 4, p. 13.
[274] Engraving 5, p. 15.
[275] See book i. ch. i. sec. xvii. p. 21.
[276] Leland's Collect. vol. iv. p. 278.
[277] Nichols's Progresses, vol. ii.
[278] Arcübalista in Latin, and also frequently steel bow in English,
because the horns were usually made with steel.
[279] Camden's Remains.
[280] Nichol. Trivet. Annal.
[281] See Manners and Customs of the English, vol. i.
[282] Serres, and also most of our own historians. Froissart praises
the skill of the Genoese cross-bowmen upon another occasion, saying,
"They shot so surely, that lightly they myst not of their level." Vol.
iv. chap. 38. fol. 47. English translation, [by Lord Berners,] and in
several other places.
[283] Ascham's Toxophilus.
[284] 2 B. vii.
[285] 19 C. viii. dated 1496.
[286] Stat. 29 Hen. VII. A. D. 1508.
[287] Stat. 6 Hen. VIII. cap. 13.
[288] Stat. 25 Hen. VIII. cap. 17.
[289] History of London, book ii. p. 482.
[290] Stat. temp. Ed. II. apud Winton.
[291] Heywood's Epigrams and Proverbs, 1566. ch. 13.
[292] Stow's Survey of London, by Strype, vol. ii. p. 257. Stow died A.
D. 1605.
[293] Ann. 8 Jacobi prim. Ibid.
[294] Stow's Survey, by Strype, vol. i. p. 250.
[295] Gesta Grayorum, fol. 18, printed 1594. Garrick's Collect. C. vol.
14.
[296] Maitland's London, book v. chap. i.
[297] "Archerye revived," by Robert Shotterel and Thomas D'Urfey, 1676;
p. 53.
[298] Alluding, I presume, to tennice, or the balloon ball.
[299] Archæologia, vol. vii. p.58.
[300] In his "Toxophilus, or the schole of shooting," written in 1544,
first published in 1571, republished by Mr. James Bennet in 1761.
[301] "Geste of Robyn Hode." Garrick's Collect. K. vol. x.
[302] Prologue to Canterbury Tales.
[303] Lib. Compotis Garderobæ sub an. 4 Ed. II. page 53, is this entry,
Pro duodecim flecchiis cum pennis de pavonæ emptis pro rege, de 12
den.; that is, For twelve arrows plumed with peacocks' feathers, bought
for the king, twelve pence. MS. Cott. Lib. Nero, C. viii.
[304] Country Contentments, 1615, chap. viii. p. 107.
[305] Ibid.
[306] Ascham, p. 129, et infra.
[307] Country Contentments.
[308] Survey of Cornwall, by Richard Carew, Esq. 1602. B. i. p. 73.
[309] See sec. x. p.57.
[310] 2 B. vii.
[311] See most of our historians.
[312] An. 7 Hen. VIII. fol. 56
[313] Archæologia, vol. vii. p. 58.
[314] Black letter, without date. Imprinted at London upon the Three
Crane Wharfe, by Willyam Copland. Garrick's Collect. Old Plays, K. vol.
x. Dr. Percy, bishop of Dromore, says, "There is a more ancient copy
printed by Wynkin de Worde, preserved in the archives of the public
library at Cambridge." Reliques of Ancient Poetry, vol. i.
[315] King Edward IV., I presume, is meant by the poet, for in one of
the lines we read "Edward our comely kynge". Anachronisms of this kind
were common enough in the old ballads.
[316] That is, he shall lose it, or rather, it shall be forfeited.
[317] Black letter, without date, and printed also by Copland in
Lothbury. Its title is, The Names of the Three Archers; the whole
ballad, with some small variations, is in the Reliques of Ancient
Poetry, vol. i. p. 154, &c. This copy is bound up in the same volume of
the Garrick Collection of Old Plays with the Geste of Robyn Hode.
[318] Twenty score paces, says the song.
[319] I rather think the poet meant an arrow shot "compass," for the
pricke or wand was a "mark of compass," that is, the arrow in its
flight formed the segment of a circle. See sec. xiv. p. 62.
[320] "Six score paces." Song.
[321] God forbid.
[322] Archæologia, vol. i. p. 58.
[323] [Mr Strutt wrote this in 1800.]
[324] See sec. xvi. p. 65.
[325] Survey of Cornwall, 1602.
[326] In vita Hen. VIII. fol. 8.
[327] Stow's Survey, by Strype, vol. i. p. 250.
[328] Strype's London, vol. i. p. 250.
[329] Archæologia, vol. vii.
[330] MS. Harl. 365, fol. 96.
[331] An. 7 et 9 Hen. VII. MS. in the Remembrancer's Office. See also
Appendix to Dr. Henry's Hist. Brit. vol. vi.
[332] Archæologia, vol. vii.
[333] In Life of Hen. VIII. 1511, fol. 8.
[334] Archæologia, vol. vii.
[335] Ency. Brit.
[336] Judges, chap. xx. ver. 16.
[337] 1 Chron. chap. xii. ver. 2.
[338] 1 Samuel, chap. xvii. and xviii.
[339] Claudius, B. iv.
[340] 14. B. v.
[341] C. v. 16.
[342] Manners and Customs of the English, vol. i.
[343] Titus A. xxiii. part 1, fol. 8.
[344] Iliad, book xxiii.
[345] In his Dictionary, under _quoit_.
[346] Fitzstephen's Description of London.
[347] Rot. claus. Memb. 23.
[348] Froissart, Lord Berners' translation, vol. iv. chap. 149, fol.
184.
[349] Σκιομαχια.
[350] Vol. ii. No. 115.
[351] Orbis sensualium Pictus.
[352] Compleat Gentleman, 1622.
[353] Titus A. xxiii. part i. page 6. See p. 73. sec. iii.
[354] Johnson's Dictionary, word _Base_.
[355] "Nul enfaunt ne autres ne jue--à barres." Rot. Parl. MS. Harl.
7057.
[356] Cymbeline.
[357] Worthies of England in Cornwall, p. 197.
[358] Survey of Cornwall, 1602, p. 75.
[359] Matthew Paris. Hist. Ang. sub an. 1222.
[360] Survey of London, p. 78, 85.
[361] The margin says, "at Skinner's Well."
[362] There are now, says the author, no such men, meaning "the porters
of the king's beam," that is, at the commencement of the seventeenth
century.
[363] Survey of London, p. 85.
[364] I presume he means the mace.
[365] Hentzner's Itinerary first published A. D. 1598. Lord Orford's
translation, Strawberry Hill edition, p. 36.
[366] Canterbury Tales.
[367] Prologues to the Canterbury Tales.
[368] 2 B. viii.
[369] Second fit, or part, Garrick's Collect. Old Plays, K. vol. x.
[370] Vol. ii. No. 161, published 1711.
[371] Survey of Cornwall, 1602, p. 75.
[372] Ιππας.
[373] Pollux, lib. ix. cap. 7.
[374] 2 B. vii.
[375] 2464, Bod. 264.
[376] Pontoppidan's Hist. of Norway, p. 148.
[377] MS. Cott. Titus, A. xxiii.
[378] Wood, or wode, signifies wild or mad; and here, that the rain
makes the rivers swell and overpass their bounds.
[379] Edit. 1550, p. 13.
[380] The river Thames.
[381] Sikerer, surer, safer; that is, neither the one nor the other
should have any extraneous assistance, but each should depend entirely
upon his own exertions to escape from the water.
[382] History of all the schools and colleges in and about London,
printed A. D. 1615.
[383] In D'Urfey's Collection of Songs, 1719, vol. iii. p. 4.
[384] Oläi. Worm. Lit. Run. p. 129.
[385] Ency. Brit. art. Skating.
[386] Cæsar Bell. Gall. lib. v. cap. 12.
[387] Bartholin, p. 420.
[388] Will. Malms. Mat. West. in the reign of Edgar.
[389] Fitzstephen's Description of London. Stow's Survey.
[390] See book iii. chap. i. sec. v.
[391] Lib. i.
[392] Ælian, lib. ii. Volaterranus, lib. xxix.
[393] Odyssey, by Pope, b. v.
[394] No. lvii.
[395] "Sive enim saltu, sive cursu, sive luctatu," &c. Vita Sancti
Cudbereti, cap. i.
[396] "Lusum pilæ celebrem." Stephanides de ludis.
[397] "The scholars of each school have their ball or bastion in their
hands." Survey of London.
[398] Lord Lyttelton, History of Henry the Second, vol. iii. p. 275;
and [Dr. Pegge] the translator of Fitzstephen, in 1772.
[399] By the word celebrem Fitzstephen might advert to the antiquity of
the pastime.
[400] Jeu de paume, and in Latin pila palmaria.
[401] Essais historiques sur Paris, vol. i. p. 160
[402] Laboureur. Sub an. 1368.
[403] Published by Hoole, 1658.
[404] John Heywoode's works, London, 1566.
[405] In the life of Henry V11I. the second year of his reign, fol. 11.
[406] Ibid. fol. 98.
[407] Survey of London, p. 496.
[408] Basilicon Doron, b. iii.
[409] MSS. Harl. 2248 and 6271.
[410] St. Foix Essais Historiques sur Paris, vol. i. p. 160.
[411] Antiquities of the Common People, chap. xxiv.
[412] Table Talk, art. Christmas.
[413] Mr. Brand, in his additions to Bourne.
[414] Fuller's Worthies, published 1662, p. 168.
[415] Progresses of Q. Eliz. by Mr. Nichols, vol. ii. p. 19.
[416] Martial, lib. iv. Epig. 45.
[417] Orbis Sensualium Pictus, cap. 133.
[418] 20. D. iv.
[419] No. 6563.
[420] In his Dictionary; word _stool_.
[421] See also his Pills to purge Melancholy, vol. i. p. 91.
[422] Survey of Cornwall, 1602, book i. p. 73.
[423] "Philogamus," black letter, without date.
[424] See sec. ix. p. 55.
[425] Ship of Fools, 1508.
[426] Basilicon Doron, book iii.
[427] Barclay ut supra.
[428] I rather think the elder Randel Holmes, one of the city heralds,
MS. Harl. 2150, fol. 235.
[429] An open place near the city. See p. 42
[430] Acted A.D. 1659.
[431] Cambuta vel cambuca. Baculus incurvatus, a crooked club or staff:
the word cambuca was also used for the virga episcoparum, or episcopal
crosier, because it was curved at the top. Du Cange, Glossary, in voce
_cambuta_.
[432] An anonymous author, Harl. MS. 6391.
[433] Orbis Sensualium Pictus, cap. cxxxvi.
[434] No. 264.
[435] 14. B. v.
[436] Pills to purge Melancholy, fourth edition, 1719, vol. ii. p. 172.
[437] See p. 102.
[438] In the Introduction.
[439] Vegetius de re militari, lib. i. cap. xi. et xiv.
[440] "Terræ infixis sudibus scuta apponuntur--Quintanæ ludus scilicet
equestris exerceretur--in equis lusitari solitum appeusis sudes in
terram impactas scutis." Robertus Monach. Hist Hierosol. lib. v.
[441] Menestrier, Traité des Tournois, Joustes, &c. p. 264.
[442] Menestrier ut supra; Du Cange Gloss, in voce _quintana_; Pluvinel
sur l'exercise de monter à cheval, part iii. p. 177.
[443] Menestrier, p. 112, et Pluvinel ut supra.
[444] 20. B. xi
[445] Knyghthode and Batayle, MS. Cott. Titus A. xxiii. fol. 6 and 7.
This curious poem, written early in the fifteenth century, appears to
be a translation of the former treatise, or rather a paraphrase upon it.
[446] Set up.
[447] Of man's height.
[448] A mace or club of wood.
[449] Hath not.
[450] Close.
[451] Prompt, swift, ready.
[452] From the French, _empêcher_, to hinder or withstand, here used
for attack.
[453] Throat.
[454] Power, strength.
[455] Than is required, that is in time of real action.
[456] It is the same.
[457] A quincto auctore nomen habebat, vide Joan Meursi, de Ludis
Græcorum, in tit Κονταξ Κυντανος.
[458] Vegetius de re militari. lib. i. cap. xi. et xiv.
[459] Κυντανον χονταξ χωρις της πυρπις, quintanum contacem sine fibula.
Cod. de aleatoribus, lib. iii. tit. 43.
[460] Stephanides Descrip. Lond.
[461] 2 B. vii.
[462] Matthew Paris. Hist. Angl. sub an 1253.
[463] Strype's Stow, &c.
[464] Bod. 264.
[465] Survey of London, p.
[466] First published in 1677.
[467] Laneham in Queen Elizabeth's Progresses, by Mr. Nichols, vol. i.
p. 249.
[468] Traité de Tournois, 1669, p. 347.
[469] Le Roman de Giron le courtois. Du Cange, Gloss. in voce
_quintana_.
[470] Lib. iv. Sat. 3.
[471] Referred to in p. 118.
[472] Gloss. in voce _quintana_.
[473] Orbis Sensualium Pictus, by Hoole, 1658.
[474] Art de monter à cheval, part iii. p. 156.
[475] Menestrier, Traité de Tournoi, p. 112.
[476] Du Cange, Gloss. in voce _justa_.
[477] Tacitus Annal. lib. xi. Et Suetonius in vit. Claud.
[478] Du Cange, Gloss. in voce _bohordicum_. The word, somewhat
differently spelt, occurs in Mandat. Reg. Angl. cited by Du Cange, and
in Rymer Fœd. tom. v. p. 223 et alia.
[479] Roman D'Aubrey, MS. apud Du Cange ut supra.
[480] Annal. pars posterior sub an. 1191.
[481] Cotgrave.
[482] Origines des Chevaliers, &c. p. 9.
[483] No. 2252. fol. 64.
[484] A small space of time.
[485] Heralds, whose office it was to superintend the ceremonious parts
of the tournaments.
[486] Reward.
[487] Hist. Angl. fol. 3, A.D. 1274.
[488] Ludum militarum (qui vulgo _torneamentum_ dicitur). Ibid.
[489] Tracte de Tournois.
[490] No. 326.
[491] Complete Gentleman, p. 178.
[492] See more upon this subject in the Encyclopédie François, art.
_Tournoi_.
[493] Chronique de Tours.
[494] Perambulation of Kent, p. 492.
[495] Hist. Angl. A.D. 1179.
[496] Harl. MS. 69.
[497] Origines des Chevaliers, &c.
[498] No. 69.
[499] Or ooyez, for Ouïr, more literally Hear now; and the words are
repeated.
[500] Marche, part of the lists I presume, or portion of ground
appropriated to the tournament.
[501] Feront clouer leurs armes, literally nail them; the clouage or
nail money, as we shall see afterwards, was the perquisite of the
heralds.
[502] "Mettra sa banier, au commencement dedits bastons et clouera la
blason de ses armes, a lautre vout." The passage is by no means clear;
I have therefore given the words of the original.
[503] A l'aschevier, chevaliers, &c.
[504] Hors chevaliers, &c.
[505] No. 14. E. iii.
[506] The minstrels of the barons are behind them in Mr. Strutt's
quarto plate, as in the MS. illumination; on the present page, the
minstrels are placed below the combatants, in order to accommodate the
figures to the space presented by the octavo size.
[507] Harl. MS. 69.
[508] Coutel, literally a knife.
[509] Cotton MS. Nero D. vi. and Harl. MS. 69, ut supra
[510] "Avec une grele de coups." Encyclop. Fran. in voce _tournoi_.
[511] Harl. MS. 69.
[512] Glossary, in voce _justa_.
[513] "Pugnæ facere quod justam vocant." Hist. Novellæ, fol. 106, sub
an. 1142.
[514] Matthew Paris properly distinguishes it from the tournament. "Non
hastiludio, quod torneamentum dicitur, sed--ludo militari, qui mensa
rotunda dicitur." Hist. Angl. sub an. 1252.
[515] Glossary, in voce _mensa rotunda_.
[516] Rogerus de Mortuo Mari. Tho. Walsingham. Hist. Angl. sub an.
1280, fol. 3.
[517] Tho. Walsingham. Hist. Angl. sub an. 1344, fol. 154. Vol. iii.
chap. lix.
[518] Froissart, vol. iii. chap. cxxxiii. fol. 148, lord Berners'
translation.
[519] No. 14, E. iii.
[520] [In the original engraving the knights are opposed to each other
on the same line: in the present they are separated, and one placed
below, in order to represent them within the octavo page of the size is
the quarto.]
[521] Essais Hist. sur Paris, vol. iii. p. 263.
[522] Ibid. vol. i. p. 327.
[523] As the ladies, say some modern authors, were _l'ame_, the soul
of the justs, it was proper that they should be therein distinguished
by some peculiar homage; and, accordingly at the termination of a
just with lances, the last course was made in honour of the sex, and
called the lance of the ladies. The same deference was paid to them in
single combats with the sword, the axe, and the dagger. Encyclop. Fran.
article _joute_.
[524] See sect. vii. p. 118.
[525] See book ii. chap. ii. sec. xviii. p. 87.
[526] No. 1, B vii.
[527] See what has been said respecting the quintain upon the water,
sect. v. p. 116.
[528] Nichols's Progresses, vol. i. p. 56.
[529] No. 69.
[530] Son to king Edward IV., who lost his life with his brother Edward
in the Tower.
[531] Titus, A. xxiii, part i. fol. 7.
[532] Fitzstephen's Description of London.
[533] Quendam ludum de sancta Katerina (quam miracula vulgariter
appellamus) fecit. Vitæ Abbat. p. 35
[534] Essay on the Origin of the English Stage, vol. 1.
[535] Stow's Survey of London, p. 76.
[536] Vespasian, D. viii.
[537] Warwickshire, p. 116.
[538] Digby, 113.
[539] See the Manners and Customs of the English, where this subject is
treated upon more largely.
[540] See more upon this subject in the following chapter.
[541] By writing and preaching against them. A monkish author of
the twelfth century says of them, "Etiam illi quo obscænio partibus
corporis oculis omnium eam ingerunt turpitudinem, quam erubescat videre
vel cynicus, &c." Joh. Sarisburensis de Nugis Curialium, lib. i. cap.
viii. p. 34.
[542] Dugdale's Monast. vol. ii. p. 568.
[543] Vitæ Abbatum, p. 6.
[544] Or rather we should say, the French king was meant by the horse,
&c.
[545] Prologue to the Monk's Tale, which consists of seventeen short
stories or tragedies, of which, he tells us, he had an hundred in his
cell.
[546] Survey of Cornwall, Lond. 1602, p. 71.
[547] [It is proper to observe, that the Harleian manuscript of the
"Guary-Miracle," referred to by Mr. Strutt, entitled "The Creation of
the World, with Noah's Flood, written in Cornish by William Jordan,
with an English translation by John Keigwin," has been carefully edited
by Davies Gilbert Esq. M.P. F.R.S. F.S.A. &c. and printed by Mr. J. B.
Nichols in one volume 8vo. 1827. Mr. Davies Gilbert, who, subsequent to
that work was elected president of the Royal Society, had previously
edited and given to the public a remarkable Cornish poem called "Mount
Calvary," also translated by John Keigwin, with a memoir of Keigwin,
and some particulars of his family, by Nicholas Harris Nicolas,
esq. F.S.A. These two volumes, and another on "Ancient Christmas
Carols, with the tunes to which they were formerly sung in the West
of England," also by Mr. Gilbert, are highly valuable additions to
our metrical and dramatic archæologia. The airs of the carols are
especially curious; and the preface to them contains accounts of a
versified play exhibiting the prowess of St. George over a Mahometan
adversary, and of a rustic farce which usually followed it.]
[548] A treatise against dicing, dancing, vain plays, or interludes,
&c. by John Northbrooke.
[549] Wardrobe roll of Edward III.
[550] Warton's Hist. Eng. Poet. vol. i. p. 238.
[551] Warton, vol. iii. p. 156. See also Dr. Henry, Hist. Brit. vol.
vi. book vi. chap. 7.
[552] No. 264. This MS. was completed in the year 1343.
[553] Vita Hen. VIII. fol. 59.
[554] Broom.
[555] Beacon.
[556] Hall's Union. Vita Hen. VIII. fol. 9.
[557] Harl. MS. 69, p. 31.
[558] October the eighth.
[559] Pine apple.
[560] A rose tree.
[561] Head dress.
[562] Pleasaunce was a fine thin species of gauze, which was striped
with gold.
[563] Hall, ut sup fol. 59.
[564] Laneham's account of the sports at Kenelworth Castle, in
Nichols's Progresses of queen Elizabeth, vol. i. p. 22.
[565] Owing to the discontinuance of the play they might have been
lost, and probably the time did not permit them to be written anew.
Reliq. Anc. Poet. vol. i. p. 142.
[566] Laneham ut supra, p. 24.
[567] See sect. vi. p. 153.
[568] [In 1801.]
[569] See the Introduction.
[570] No. xiv. vol. i. first published in 1711.
[571] No. 5931.
[572] Biogr. Hist. vol. iv. p. 350.
[573] [Before 1801.]
[574] Ammianus Marcell. lib. xv. cap. 9.
[575] Diodorus Siculus, lib. v. cap. 31.
[576] Bartholin de causis contemp. a Danis Mortis, lib. i. cap. 2, et
Wormii Lit. Run. ad finim.
[577] Spel. Concil. tom. i. p. 455.
[578] Vespasian, A. i.
[579] Tiberius, C. vi.
[580] Pontoppidan. Hist. Norway, p. 148.
[581] Wace, Hist. de tut les Reys de Brittaigne, continued by Geoffrai
Gaimer, MS. in the Royal Library, marked 13 A. xxi.
[582] No. 603.
[583] Bede's Eccles. Hist. lib. iv. cap. 24.
[584] Fauchet, Origine de la Langue et Poësie Françoise, 1581, liv. i.
chap. viii. fol. 72.
[585] Le Grand, Fables, ou Contes des 12. 13. Siècles, tom. v.
[586] Dr. Henry, Hist. Brit. vol. viii. sect. 3. chap. 5. p. 502.
[587] Fauchet des anciens Poets François, liv. ii. chap. vii. p. 92;
and see Walpole Royal and Noble Authors, vol. i. p. 6.
[588] Confessio Amantis, lib. vii.
[589] The thirde boke of Fame.
[590] Edition of 1550.
[591] The ale here evidently implies the place where ale was sold.
Ibid. pass. 1.
[592] A reward. Ibid. pass. xi.
[593] P. Ploughman, pass. primus.
[594] Fabiliaux et Contes, edit. Par. tom. ii. p. 161.
[595] Malmsb. lib. ii. cap. 4.
[596] Hist. p. 869.
[597] Ibid. lib. ii. cap. 6.
[598] App. to Leland's Collect. vol. vi. p. 36.
[599] At this time there was also a sergeant of the minstrels. See
Essay on Ancient Minstrels, Reliques of Ancient Poetry, vol. i.
[600] Book ii. chap. 9.
[601] Lib. iv. sat. i.
[602] Stow's Survey of Lond. p. 84 and 85
[603] Pass. xi.
[604] See p. 184.
[605] Benedict. Abbas, sub an. 1190. Hoveden writes thus: "Cantores et
joculatores de illo canerent in plateis; ut jam dicebatur ubique quod
non erat talis in orbe;" declaring every where that his equal was not
in the world. Hist. p. 103.
[606] Orderic. Vitalis, Eccles. Hist. pp. 880, 881.
[607] The author uses these words: "Intravit quædam mulier ornata
histrionali habitu, equum bonum insidens histrionaliter phaleratum, quæ
mensas more histrionem circuivit," &c. Tho. Walsingham, Hist. Anglæ sub
an. 1317, p. 85.
[608] Non esse moris domus regiæ histriones ab ingressu quemlibet
prohibere.
[609] Essay upon Ancient Minstrels, in Reliques of Ancient Poetry.
[610] The first in the Pardoner's Tale, and the last in the Romance
of the Rose. See the article on tumbling and dancing in a succeeding
section.
[611] Harl. MS. 1764.
[612] Sir John Hawkin's History of Music, vol. ii. p. 298.
[613] See p. 184.
[614] MS. Nero, C viii.
[615] Harl. MS. 541.
[616] The word noise signifies a company. The reader will find the
application of many such terms to different trades and professions in
p. 24.
[617] Hist. and Antiq. Oxon. lib. i. p. 67, sub an. 1224.
[618] "Regi Roberto ministrallo, scut. ad arma commoranti ad vadia
regis, capientur per diem 12 en." &c. MS. Cott. Vespasianus, C. xvi.
[619] "Regi Roberto, et aliis ministrallis diversis, facientibus
ministralsias suas coram rege et aliis magnatibus, de dono ipsius
regis, per manus dicti regis Roberti, recipientis denarios ad
participandum inter eosdem, apud Eboracum, 20 die Feb. 40 marc." MS.
Cott. Nero, C. viii.
[620] Dugd. Monast. vol. i. fol. 355.
[621] Collection of Old Ballads, London, 1723.
[622] Chaucer, in the Romance of the Rose, where the title Roy des
Ribaulx occurs in the original, translates it "king of harlotes."
[623] Origines des Dignitez et Magistrats de France, fol. 43.
[624] Will. Malmsb. p. 93, col. 1.
[625] Johan. Sarisburiensis de Nugis Curial. lib. i. cap. 8; lib. iii.
cap. 7. Matt. Paris, in Vit. Hen. III. sub an. 1251, &c.
[626] "Infinitum histrionum et joculatorum multitudinem, sine cibo et
muneribus, va cuam et mœrentum abire permisit." Chron. Virtziburg.
[627] Origine de la Langue et Poësie Françoise, lib. i. cap. 4.
[628] Harl. MS. 2252.
[629] All idleness I hate.
[630] A confectioner.
[631] That is, if he could tell falsehoods to make men laugh.
[632] Lack, or want.
[633] Because.
[634] Dance, nor jump. Pass. xiv.
[635] Duty in their several stations.
[636] Lord Berners' Froissart, vol. iv. cap. 41.
[637] Anstis, Ord. Gart. vol. ii. p. 303.
[638] Liber de Computis Garderobæ, MS. Cott. Lib. Nero, C. viii. fol.82.
[639] Cheveretter, or bagpiper; from chevre, a bagpipe, and tregettor,
or juggler, a slight of hand player; Ibid. See more on this subject in
the next chapter relating to the joculator.
[640] Garcionis; from the French garçon, a boy, or lad. In this
instance it probably means an apprentice, or servant. Ibid. p. 83.
[641] Another entry specifies twenty shillings paid to Robert le Foll
to buy himself boclarium, a buckler, to play, ad ludendum, before the
king. ibid. p. 85.
[642] "Scolas ministrallis in partibus trans mare." Liber de Computis
Garderobæ, MS. Cott. Lib. Nero, C. viii. p. 276.
[643] Ibid.
[644] "Facienti ministralsiam suam coram imagine Beatæ Mariæ in Veltam,
rege presente, 5 sol." Ibid. p. 277.
[645] Ibid. p. 290.
[646] Ibid.
[647] MS. in the Remembrancer's Office. See the extract in Dr. Henry's
British History, vol. vi. Appendix, No. V.
[648] From another MS. in the same office. Ibid.
[649] See the next chapter, under the account of the joculators.
[650] Leland's Collectanea, pp. 61. 99.
[651] See p. 189.
[652] Garrick's Collection of Old Plays.
[653] "Un tabourin d'argent semé de plaques aussi d'argent." Origine de
la Langue et Poësie Françoise, lib. i. cap. viii. fol. 72
[654] Supplement to Du Cange.
[655] Chaucer, House of Fame, book iii.
[656] No. 1315.
[657] Frankeleyn's Tale.
[658] House of Fame, book iii.
[659] The original runs thus: "And they runnen togidre a great randoum;
and they frunchen togidre full fiercely, and they breken thare speres
so rudely, that the tronchouns flen in sprotes and peces alle about the
halle." Mandevile's Travels, p. 285. I have modernized the English in
many places, for sometimes it is hardly intelligible.
[660] Ibid.
[661] That is, they were frighted, expecting to be drowned by the
rising of the water.
[662] Froissart's Chronicle by lord Berners, vol. iii. chap. 392, fol.
272.
[663] Dæmonologie.
[664] See "The Conjuror Unveiled," a small pamphlet translated from
the French; which gives a full account of these curious pieces of
mechanism, and of several others equally surprising.
[665] Mr. Tyrwhitt, in his excellent edition of Chaucer's "Canterbury
Tales," vol. iii. p. 299.
[666] "The Daunce of Macabre," translated, or rather paraphrased, from
the French. In this Daunce, Death is represented addressing himself
to persons of all ranks and ages. John Lydgate was a monk of St.
Edmondsbury Abbey. MS. Harl. No. 116.
[667] The meaning is, that Death will come shortly, and not be deceived
by any false appearances.
[668] Schevid, for achieved, that is to say, performed.
[669] Or any astrological judgment derived from the stars or their
influence; for the jugglers usually pretended to be astrologers and
soothsayers. See the Essay on Ancient Minstrels, prefixed to the
Reliques of Ancient Poetry, by the bishop of Dromore.
[670] Legerdemain; a corrupted word, derived from the French,
signifying properly slights of hand, such as are usually performed by
the modern jugglers.
[671] More cunning tricks.
[672] Garrick's Collection of Old Plays, K. vol. ii.
[673] "Janino le tregettor, facienti ministralsiam suam coram rege,"
&c.; that is, to Janino the tregetour, for performing his minstrelsy
before the king, in his chamber near the priory of Swineshead, twenty
shillings. Lib. Comput. Garderobæ, an. 4 Edw. II. fol. 86. MS. Cott.
Nero, C. viii.
[674] The same as the modern hurdy-gurdy.
[675] Their performances are thus described by a French poet who wrote
in the year 1230:
C'il juggleurs in pies esturent,
S'ont vielles et harpes prisses
Chansons, sons, vers, et reprises,
Et gestes chante nos ont.
Du Cange, in voce _Joculator_.
See also sir John Hawkins's History of Music, vol ii. 44.
[676] Essais Hist. sur Paris, vol. ii. p. 39.
[677] "Orbis Sensualium Pictus," by Hoole, 1658; chap. 131.
[678] "Glowecesterscire. Berdic, joculator regis, habet iij villas, et
ibi v car.; nil redd." Extract from Domesday.
[679] Essay on Ancient Minstrels, prefixed to bishop Percy's Reliques
of Ancient Poetry, vol. i. p. xciii.
[680] A Treatise against Dicing, Dauncing, vaine Playes, or Enterludes,
&c. by John Northbrooke, printed at London in the time of Elizabeth.
[681] Egloge the third, at the end of Brant's "Ship of Fools," by
Barclay, printed A.D. 1508.
[682] "Mirrour of Good Manners," translated from the Latin by Barclay,
who was a priest and monk of Ely.
[683] Or hokos-pokos, as by Ben Jonson, in "The Staple for Newes." See
p. 153. This is the earliest mention I have found of this term. It
occurs again in the Seven Champions, by John Kirk, acted in 1663; "My
mother could juggle as well as any hocus-pocus in the world."
[684] "Playes confuted," by Stephen Gosson; no date, but written about
1580.
[685] St. Mark, chap. vi. ver. 22.
[686] Nero, D. iv.
[687] No. 1, A. xiv.
[688] No. 2253. fol. 45.
[689] No. 2, B. vii.
[690] No. 1527
[691] Odyssey, lib. iv. lin. 18. The original word is κυβις ητηρε,
saltatores qui se in capita dejiciunt.
[692] "De queux le roi rya grantement." Roll of Expenses in the reign
of king Edward II. in the possession of Thomas Astle, esq.
[693] From a MS. in the Remembrancer's Office, an. 13 Hen. VIII.
[694] Eccles. Mem. vol. iii. p. 312, cap. 39.
[695] Laneham's Letter, in Mr. Nichols's Progresses of Queen Elizabeth,
pp. 15, 17.
[696] No. 115, dated Jan. 3, 1709.
[697] Domitian, A. 2.
[698] No. 335.
[699] No. 264.
[700] On p. 173.
[701] Cleopatra, C. viii.
[702] On p. 176.
[703] No. 2, B. viii.
[704] Tacit. de Morib. Germ. cap. 24.
[705] The reader may find a more particular account of the various
motions and figures formed by the dancers, from Olaüs Magnus, in Mr.
Brand's notes upon the 14th chapter of Bourne's Vulgar Antiquities, p.
175.
[706] Cleopatra. C. viii.
[707] See p. 166.
[708] No 5931.
[709] [Before 1800.]
[710] I have followed the old English translation by lord Berners. The
French is "maistre engigneur," which may be rendered "master juggler."
Vol. iv. chap. 38, fol. 47.
[711] Burning or lighted candles, in the French chierges ardans.
[712] Singing.
[713] Essais sur Paris, vol. ii. p. 42.
[714] It should be St. Gregory's church, which stood on the south side
of St. Paul's nearly opposite to the Dean's Gateway.
[715] Archæologia, vol. vii.
[716] Holinshed, Chron. vol. iii. p. 1121.
[717] [Before 1800.]
[718] Mr. John Carrington, of Bacon's, in the parish of Bramfield, near
Hertford.
[719] Holinshed, Chron. vol iii. p. 1091.
[720] Granger, Biog. Hist. vol. iv. p. 349.
[721] Granger, vol. iv. pp. 352, 353.
[722] [In 1801.]
[723] Orbis Sensualium Pictus, A. D. 1658.
[724] Richer dances with great facility without any balance, and walks
down the rope into the pit, and ascends again. He also adds a variety
of other performances.
[725] An account of this festival may be found in the account of
Christmas Games, book iv. chap. iii. sect. 9.
[726] No. 964.
[727] [In the drawing the musicians face the dancers: they are placed
below them in the above engraving to suit the present page.]
[728] [Mr. Douce is of opinion, that the dance set forth above by Mr.
Strutt, from the Bodleian MS., did not form a part of the festival of
fools.]
[729] History of Music, vol. iv. p. 388.
[730] Archæologia, vol. i. p. 15. See also the Witch of Edmonton, a
tragi-comedy by William Rowley, printed in 1658.
[731] See Johnson's Dictionary, word _Morris-dance_.
[732] Garrick's Collection of Old Plays, 1 vol. 18mo.
[733] See p. 176.
[734] [Reckoning from 1801.]
[735] [In 1801.]
[736] Harl. Lib. 5931.
[737] Vol. i. No. 42.
[738] 14, B. v
[739] On p. 176.
[740] On p. 214.
[741] Rot. Comput. temp. Edw. II. penès T. Astle, esq.
[742] [Before 1801.]
[743] 14. E. iii.
[744] Retrospection of Eighteen Hundred Years, vol. ii. p. 224.
[745] [In 1801.]
[746] In a volume of Miscellaneous Papers, Bibl. Harl. 5931.
[747] In the original French it is said,
"------et timberesses, Qui moult savoient bien juer, Qui ne finoient
de ruer Le timbre en haut, si recueilloient Sus un doi conques
enfailloient."
[748] No. 264.
[749] No. 102, July 8, 1713.
[750] Biog. Hist. vol. iv. See also Philos. Trans. No. 242, for July,
1698.
[751] Miscell. Collect. Harl. Lib. No. 5931.
[752] Biog. Hist. vol. iv. p. 350.
[753] Vol. viii. No. 572; see also vol. vi. No. 444.
[754] See p. 135.
[755] Or mastiff dog.
[756] On p. 176.
[757] On p. 214.
[758] No. 264.
[759] No. 6563.
[760] Essais Hist. sur Paris, vol. ii. p. 178.
[761] No. 264.
[762] From a Miscellaneous Collection of Papers, Harl. Lib. 5931.
[763] Granger, Biog. Hist. vol. iv. p. 353.
[764] Ainsworth's Latin Dictionary, word _Sybaris_.
[765] Mem sur Anc. Cheval. tom. i. p. 247.
[766] No. 2, B. vii.
[767] No. 264.
[768] Menestrier, Trait. de Tournois, p. 218.
[769] [In 1800.]
[770] No. 5938.
[771] [A.D. 1800.]
[772] [1800.]
[773] His meaning, I suppose, is that the performance of this dog was
not to be equalled.
[774] No. 6563.
[775] In Cockspur-street, opposite the Haymarket.
[776] [Before 1800.]
[777] Du Cange, Gloss. in vocibus _Cervula_ et _Kalendæ_.
[778] See also Bourne's Vulgar Errors, edited by Brand, p. 175.
[779] Chap. ii. sect. xiii. p. 159.
[780] History of English Poetry, vol. i. p. 237.
[781] Mem. Anc. Cheval. tom. ii. p. 68.
[782] See a description of two of them, p. 161.
[783] Translated by Alexander Barclay, and printed by Pynson in 1508.
[784] Stow's Survey, fol. 680.
[785] Northbrooke's Treatise, p. 105.
[786] Chap. xvi.
[787] Chron. tom. i. iv. chap. 157, lord Berners' translation.
[788] See Nichols's Progresses, vol. i.
[789] No. 26.
[790] Page 223.
[791] The author, whose name does not appear, declares himself to have
been witness to the facts he records. MS. Harl. 6391.
[792] Miscell. Collect. Harl. Lib. No. 115.
[793] Vol. viii. No. 570.
[794] See p. 249.
[795] Literally, nightingale.
[796] [Before 1800.]
[797] Description of London. See also Stow's Survey, p. 78.
[798] On p. 243.
[799] Survey of London, ubi supra.
[800] Lambarde's Perambulation of Kent, published A.D. 1570, p. 248.
[801] Survey of London, ubi supra. See also the Introduction to this
work.
[802] Erasmi Adagia, p. 361.
[803] Life of Sir Thomas Pope, sect. iii. p. 85.
[804] Nichols's Progresses, vol. i. p. 40.
[805] Chronicle of Eng. vol. iii. fol. 1552.
[806] Nichols's Progresses, vol. ii. p. 228.
[807] Itinerary, printed in Latin, A. D. 1598. See lord Orford's
translation, Strawberry Hill, p. 42.
[808] Nichols's Progresses, vol. i. fol. 249.
[809] In a Miscellaneous Collection of Bills and Title-pages, Harl.
Lib. No. 15.
[810] No. 14, E. iii.
[811] See p. 215.
[812] No. 20, D. vi.
[813] Johan. Sarisburiensis de Nugis Curialium, lib. i. cap. viii. p.
34.
[814] Worthies of England, A. D. 1662.
[815] Maitland's History of London, book i. chap. xi.
[816] Survey of London, chap. ii.
[817] I apprehend he means the quarter-staff.
[818] Dated 1344. No. 264.
[819] Vol. vi. No. 436.
[820] No. 449.
[821] In a Miscellaneous Collection of Title-pages, Bills, &c. in the
Harleian Library, marked 115.
[822] Dictionary, word _Quarter-staff_.
[823] Nov. 15, 1625.
[824] Fuller's Worthies in Somersetshire.
[825] Vol. iv. chap. 23, fol. 24, lord Berners' translation.
[826] No. 20, E. iv.
[827] Page 41.
[828] No. 1026.
[829] Encyclopædia Britannica, in voce.
[830] Stow's Survey, p. 496.
[831] Ibid. pp. 85, 158.
[832] "Country Contentments," published in 1615.
[833] No. 2, B. vii.
[834] An. 17 Edw. IV. cap. 3; again 18 and 20 Hen. VIII. &c.; in both
which acts this game is prohibited.
[835] Garrick's Collection, vol. i. 18.
[836] An. 17 Edw. IV. cap. 8; the prohibition extends also to closh and
kayles.
[837] Dictionary, word _kayle_.
[838] See p. 243.
[839] One of the city laws however prohibits the baiting a bull, a
bear, or a horse in the open streets of London, under the penalty of 20
shillings. Stow's Survey, p. 666.
[840] Probably the first Randal Holmes, a native of that city. MS.
Harl. 2125.
[841] First published A.D. 1646. This transcript is from the edit. of
1717, cap. x. pp. 76, 77.
[842] This passage he has Latinized in these words: "Senatores majorum
gentium et matronæ de eodem gradu."
[843] See p. 191.
[844] Histriones--habebunt unum Taurum de Priore de Tutebury, Inspex.
temp. Hen. VI. Dugdale's Monast. vol. ii. p. 355.
[845] Dr. Plott.--In his natural history of this county the reader will
find a full account of the services, &c. performed by the minstrels
upon this day, pp. 437, 438, 439.
[846] A title conferred upon the chief minstrel. See p. 191.
[847] "Jeu de Taureau."
[848] Whence he derives this sport; to which however it bears but
little analogy. See Mr. Pegge's dissertation upon bull-baiting.
Archæologia, vol. ii.
[849] Collect. of Old Ballads, pub. London, 1723.
[850] Philos. Transact. vol. xix. p. 591.
[851] For a full explanation of the manner of cock-fighting among the
ancient Greeks and Romans, see a memoir upon that subject by the late
Rev. Mr. Pegge, Archæologia, vol. iii. p. 132.
[852] Description of London; temp. Hen. II.
[853] Survey of London, p. 76.
[854] Bourne's Antiq. Vulgares by Brand, p. 233.
[855] Stow's Survey of London, p. 496.
[856] Mons. de la Boderie's Letters, vol. i. p. 56.
[857] MS. Harl. 6395, written in the reign of James I., and bearing
this title: "Merry Passages and Jeasts."
[858] Rev. Mr. Pegge, in his memoir on cock-fighting, Archæol. vol.
iii. p. 132.
[859] Anatomy of Melancholy, published A. D. 1660.
[860] Canterbury Tales.
[861] Published at London, 1750.
[862] Hall, in the life of that monarch.
[863] A. D. 1604, in the second year of the reign of James I. Treatise
on College and Schools in and about London, printed 1615.
[864] Some time ago the spinnet was a favourite instrument among the
ladies; afterwards the guitar; and now the harpsichord, or forte-piano.
[865] See p. 186.
[866] At Braintree fair in Essex. Hist. Eng. Poet. vol. iii. p.
292. This was a century and a half back, when twenty shillings
was a considerable sum. The ancient ballade have frequently this
colophon: "Printed by A. B. and are to be sold at the stalls of the
ballad-singers." But an ordinance published by Oliver Cromwell against
the strolling fiddlers, silenced the ballad-singers, and obliged the
sellers to shut up shop. Hawkins, Hist. Music, vol. iv. p. 113.
[867] Edward Ward, author of the London Spy, part xi. p. 255.
[868] The barbers formerly were often musicians, and usually kept a
lute, a viol, or some other musical instrument, in their shops, to
amuse their customers while waiting; at present, the newspaper is
substituted for the instrument of music.
[869] Vol. i. p. 12.
[870] Hist. Music, vol. v. p. 352.
[871] Vol. v. No. 383.
[872] Or entertainment of music in the open air.
[873] Hist. of Music, vol. v. pp. 352, 353.
[874] It is said to be written by T. G. doctor in physic, and was
published A. D. 1684.
[875] A. D. 1683.
[876] Hawkins, ut supra.
[877] [About 1770.]
[878] See the Introduction.
[879] Hawkins's Hist. of Music, vol. iv. p. 211.
[880] A city of Campania--about the year 400.
[881] Hist. Abat. Croyland. Ingulphus died 1109.
[882] See Chauncy's Hist. of Hertfordshire, p. 383.
[883] [In 1800.]
[884] No. 20. B. xi.
[885] Vol. v. No. 570.
[886] Ibid.
[887] Garrick's Col. old plays, G. vol. ii.
[888] Book iii. chap. v. p. 207.
[889] See the Introduction.
[890] Caligula, A 2. fol. 53.
[891] Polite, courteous.
[892] Rym. Fœd. tom. vii. p. 160. col. 2.
[893] Hist. Music, vol. iii. p. 383.
[894] Hist. Angl.
[895] Itinerary.
[896] Garrick's Col. I, vol. iii.
[897] That is, learning they esteem not.
[898] First printed by Pynson, A. D. 1508.
[899] Stow died A. D. 1605, aged 80. Survey of London, by Strype, vol.
i. p. 251.
[900] A Woman Killed with Kindness. Trag. by Thomas Heywood, 3d edit.
A. D. 1617, Garrick's Collect. E. vol. iv.
[901] See the Introduction.
[902] No. 264.
[903] House of Fame, book iii.
[904] See note 1, above.
[905] Vol. i. No. 76.
[906] See the Introduction.
[907] MS. Harl. 6391.
[908] See p. 270, and the representation of the ground billiards by the
engraving No. 93.
[909] By stat. 30 Geo. II.
[910] The first occurs in Chaucer; the second in the vocabulary called
Orbis Sensualium Pictus, as translated by Hoole, chap. cxxxvi. In Latin
it is called Oscillum, and thus described by an old author; Oscillum
est genus ludi, &c. In English to this effect; Oscillum is a sort of
game played with a rope depending from a beam, in which a boy or a girl
being seated, is driven backwards and forwards. Speght's Glossary to
Chaucer.
[911] Vol. viii. No. 496; and again No. 492 in the same volume.
[912] Eustatius ad Iliad. G.
[913] Harl. MS. 6391.
[914] Palamed. de Alea. lib. i. cap. 18.
[915] Isidorus Originum, lib. xviii. cap. 60.
[916] Lib. i.
[917] See the Introduction.
[918] De Nug. Curialium, lib. i. cap. 5.
[919] Orderic. Vital, p. 550.
[920] Orbis Sensualium Pictus, translated by Hoole, p. 658.
[921] In Latin, Pyrgus, Turricula, et Frittillus.
[922] "Nec ludant ad aleas vel taxillos." Decret. Concil. Vigorn. A. D.
1240, directed to the clergy.
[923] No. 6395, Art. 69.
[924] "As false as dicers' oaths," is a proverbial expression, and used
by Shakspeare in Hamlet, act iii. scene 4.
[925] An. 5 Ed. VI. A. D. 1551, Holinshed, vol. iii. p. 1062.
[926] Palamed. de Aleatoribus, cap. 18.
[927] Lepistre Othea, MS. "Ulixes fu un baron de Grece de grant
soubtillete, et en temps du siege de Troye il trouva le gieu des
esches," &c. Ulysses was a baron of Greece, exceedingly wise, and
during the siege of Troy invented the game of chess. Harl. Lib. 4431.
[928] Ency. Brit. word Chess.
[929] No. 1275.
[930] Dream of Love.
[931] Encyclop. Françoise, in voce Echecs.
[932] See the Introduction.
[933] See Burton's Anatomy of Melancholy.
[934] Collect. vol. i. p. 264.
[935] Ibid.
[936] Ency. Brit. word Chess.
[937] No. 4431.
[938] In Chaucer's Dream this piece is called fers and feers.
[939] 13 A. xviii.
[940] And revived by Claud. Bruxer and others, A. D. 1514. Burton's
Descrip. of Leicestershire, under Loughborough, p. 182.
[941] No. 451.
[942] [The white pieces above, No. 104, should be to the left, and be
opposed by the blacks, No. 105, on the right; that is to say, were the
engravings on the present page divided by the scissars, and placed as
represented in Mr. Strutt's print, the round whites would be opposite
to the round blacks.]
[943] The printed edition of Claud. Bruxer, who revived this play, in
which no doubt it is fully explained, I have not seen. It is said to
have been published by Hen. Stephanus, A. D. 1514.
[944] Part ii. sect. 2. mem. 4.
[945] Du Cange, Gloss. in voce Tabula.
[946] See the Introduction.
[947] No. 1527.
[948] No. 13, A. xviii.
[949] The whole passage runs thus: "Donne a Jacqemin Gringonneur,
peintre, pour trois jeux de cartes, à or et à diverse couleurs de
plusieurs devises, pour porter vers le dit Seigneur Roy pour son
abatement, cinquante-six sol Parisis." St. Foix, Essais sur Paris, tom.
i. p. 341.
[950] Chronic. de Petit Jean de Saintre, cap. 15.
[951] Bullet, p. 18. See also Mr. Gough on Card-playing, Archæologia,
vol. viii. p. 152 et seq.
[952] See the hon. Daines Barrington on Card-playing, Archæologia, vol.
viii. p. 135 et seq.
[953] Heineken, Idée générale d'une Collection des Estampes, pp. 237,
249.
[954] "Waltero Sturton, ad opus Regis, ad ludendum ad quatuor reges,"
viii _s._ v _d_ Anstis, History of the Garter.
[955] Warton says it seems probable that the Arabians were the
inventors of cards, which they communicated to the Constantinopolitan
Greeks. Hist. Eng. Poetry, vol. ii. p. 316. Indeed it is very likely
they were brought into the western parts of Europe during the crusades.
[956] Henry's Hist. Brit. vol. v. book v. cap. vii.
[957] And hence originated the noble and beneficial art of printing.
These printing blocks are traced back to the year 1423, and probably
were produced at a much earlier period. Idée générale d'une Collect.
des Estampes, ut sup.
[958] An old Scotch poem, cited by Warton, speaks of cards and dice as
fashionable amusements, but of evil tendency. Hist. Poet. vol. ii. p.
316.
[959] Extract from a MS. in the Remembrancer's Office, dated December
26, an. 9 Hen. VII.
[960] Addit. to Leland's Collect. vol. iii. p. 285.
[961] Sir Will. Forrest. See Warton's Hist. Poet. vol. iii. sect. 36,
p. 311.
[962] The same statute forbade any householder to permit card-playing
in his house under the penalty of six shillings and eight pence for
every offence. Stat. an. 11 Hen. VII. cap. 2.
[963] Stow's Survey. By points he means narrow ribbons with which one
part of the dress was attached to the other.
[964] Especially Stephen Gosson, in his School of Abuse, printed
A. D 1579; and John Northbrooke, in a Treatise against Diceing,
Card-playing, Dancing, &c. without date, but apparently published soon
after the former.
[965] Cap. ix.
[966] Cap. xix.
[967] No. 17, D. iij.
[968] Black letter, without date, printed by Wynkyn de Worde. Garrick's
Collection of Old Plays.
[969] [In 1800.]
[970] Vol. vii. p. 152 et seq.
[971] Garrick's Collect. vol. i. 18.
[972] Hon. Daines Barrington on Card-playing, Archæologia, vol. viii.
[973] This play is said to have been first acted A. D. 1561; the
edition I quote from is dated 1575.
[974] Written by Jonson, Chapman, and Marlow, and printed A. D. 1605.
[975] Called also post and pair.
[976] Called Saint Lodam by Mr. Barrington, I know not upon what
authority, Archæologia, ut supra.
[977] Perhaps the same with bankafalet mentioned in the Complete
Gamester.
[978] See also Mr. Barrington, ut supra.
[979] Bullet, Recherches Hist. sur Cartes à jouer, p. 152.
[980] Perhaps this may be the same as the game called Ace of Hearts,
prohibited with all lotteries by cards and dice, an. 12 Geo. II. cap.
38, sect. 2.
[981] Vol. v. No. 323.
[982] See Des Lust und Spiel Hauses, published at Bude 1680.
[983] Antiq. Repert. vol. ii. p. 58.
[984] See Introduction.
[985] Polydore Vergil de Rerum Invent. lib. v. cap. 2.
[986] An. 4 Hen. VII. A. D. 1489.
[987] Collect. vol. iii. Append. p. 256.
[988] See Warton's Hist. Eng. Poetry, vol. i. p. 381.
[989] Chron. of Brit. vol. iii. fol 1317.
[990] Survey of London, p. 79.
[991] Anatomie of Abuses, printed A. D. 1595.
[992] Childish, trifling.
[993] Dugdale's Origines Juridiciales, fol. 247.
[994] By Blomfield, vol. ii. p. 3.
[995] Before.
[996] Each.
[997] Bourne's Antiq. Vulg. chap. xvii.
[998] Cited by Mr. Brand, notes to Bourne, p. 205.
[999] Reges Fabis creantur.
[1000] In nomine Regis de Fabâ. MS. Cott. Nero, C. viii.
[1001] Table Talk, London, 1689, title Christmas.
[1002] Circular Letter addressed to the Clergy of France, by P. de
Blois, published in 1444.
[1003] Register de Eglise de S. Stephen de Dijon, 1494.
[1004] P. de Blois, ut supra.
[1005] Encyclopédie Françoise, article Fête des Fous.
[1006] Theoph. Raynaud.
[1007] Dugdale's Monast. vol. iii. Appendix vii.
[1008] A. D. 1512. Warton, Hist. Eng. Poetry, vol. i. p. 248; and vol.
iii. p. 390.
[1009] Of St. Paul's cathedral.
[1010] Knight's Life of Colet, p. 362.
[1011] Hist. Poet. ut supra.
[1012] Boys.
[1013] MS. Cott. Tiberius B. i.
[1014] Strype's Eccl. Mem. vol. iii. chap. 39. p. 310.
[1015] Ibid. chap. 35. p. 202.
[1016] Ibid. chap. 39. p. 310.
[1017] Invent. York Cathedral. See also Dugdale's Hist of St. Paul's,
p. 205.
[1018] Additions to Bourne's Antiq. Vulg. chap. 14. p. 175.
[1019] Ibid.
[1020] See Warton's Hist. Eng. Poet. vol. iii. p. 307.
[1021] Heath's Islands of Scilly, 1750, p. 125.
[1022] Survey of Lond. p. 79.
[1023] M. Paris Hist. Aug. sub anno 1152.
[1024] Or Ross, the Warwickshire historian. Edita Hearne, p. 105.
[1025] Gloss, under the title Hock-day.
[1026] Hist. Hampshire.
[1027] See a Memoir by the Rev. Mr. Jenne, Archæologia, vol. vii. p. 224
[1028] A. D. 1002. But the time of the year does not agree. St.
Brice's-day is the 13th of November.
[1029] Memoir, ut supra.
[1030] Page 223, and Introduction.
[1031] Antiq. Vulgares, chap. 25.
[1032] Survey of London, p. 80.
[1033] In his Anatomie of Abuses, printed in 1595.
[1034] The May-pole is treated with little less ceremony by the Rev.
Thomas Hall, another Reformist, cited in the Introduction.
[1035] Archæologia, vol. i. cap. 4, p. 11.
[1036] Strype's Eccles. Mem. vol. iii. cap. 49, p. 377.
[1037] Hall, in Vit. Hen. VIII. fol. vi
[1038] Hinder or prevent
[1039] Latimer's Sermons, printed 1589
[1040] K. vol. x.
[1041] Harl. Lib. 69.
[1042] I suppose the author means tilting armour, for the purpose of
justing, here called running of courses.
[1043] See p. 143.
[1044] Hall, in Vit. Hen. VIII. an. 2, p. vi.
[1045] See an account of this book in the Introduction.
[1046] Vol. v. No. 365, first published A. D. 1712.
[1047] See Granger's Biog. Hist. vol. iv. p. 354.
[1048] Blount's Ancient Tenures, p. 49.
[1049] Bourne's Antiq. vol. ix. chap. 27
[1050] MSS. Harl. 2354 and 2391.
[1051] The midsummer pageants at Chester are fully described in the
Introduction.
[1052] Survey of London, pp. 84, 85.
[1053] Perhaps it should be image, and resembled those commonly used in
other pageants.
[1054] Nat. Hist Oxford, p.343, and Blount's Ancient Tenures, p. 154.
[1055] Eccl. Memoirs, vol. iii. chap. 39, p. 51.
[1056] Ibid. p. 309.
[1057] Eccl. Memoirs, vol. iii. chap. 49, p. 377
[1058] Table Talk, 1689, article Pope.
[1059] Heath's Description of Cornwall, p. 445
[1060] Præcedente tibicine aut tympano. Moresin. Deprav. Reliq. Orig.
in verbo vacina.
[1061] Brand's Observations on Bourne's Vulg. Antiq. chap. xxxi. p. 303.
[1062] Ibid.
[1063] Vulg. Antiq. ut supra.
[1064] Ibid.
[1065] Bede, Eccl. Hist. lib. i. cap. 30.
[1066] Ibid.
[1067] Homily for the Vigil of St. John Baptist. MS. Harl.
[1068] Antiq. Vulg. chap. 30.
[1069] Dodsworth's MSS. Bid. Bob. vol. 148. fol. 97.
[1070] That is, the time the contract was made.
[1071] Carew's Survey of Cornwall, 1602, book i. p. 68.
[1072] The Anatomie of Abuses, 1595.
[1073] I rather think it should be church-yard.
[1074] Burton, Anat. Melancholy, part ii. sect. 2. cap. 4.
[1075] Vol. ii. No. 161, first printed 1711.
[1076] Vol. iii. No.
[1077] See the Introduction.
[1078] Reckoning from 1800.
[1079] Survey of London.
[1080] See p. 373. It does not appear that these lamps were made with
glass of various colours, according to the present fashion. I rather
think this improvement is perfectly modern.
[1081] A galley, or small vessel.
[1082] Act iv. scene 2.
[1083] Nichols's Progresses of Elizabeth, vol. i.
[1084] I suppose he means the discharge of a cannon or two.
[1085] Princely Pleasures at Kenelworth Castle, p. 62.
[1086] Small kind of cannons.
[1087] Nichols's Progresses of Elizabeth, vol. ii. p. 19.
[1088] History of all the Colleges in and about London, printed A. D.
1615.
[1089] [Before 1800.]
[1090] [Reckoning from 1800.]
[1091] [In 1800.]
[1092] See p. 375.
[1093] See p. 375; and the Introduction; whence it appears these green
men attended the pageants, and preceded the principal persons in the
procession to clear the way.
[1094] Garrick's Collection, G. vol. ii.
[1095] See p. 84.
[1096] See p. 254.
[1097] Plut. in Apophthegm. Laced. et Ælian. Var. Hist. lib. xii. cap.
15.
[1098] Val. Max. lib. viii. cap. 8.
[1099] See p. 147.
[1100] See p. 118.
[1101] See pp. 144-146.
[1102] See p. 125.
[1103] See p. 77.
[1104] See p. 78.
[1105] Garrick's Collect. I. vol. xviii.
[1106] Dictionary, word _barley-brake_.
[1107] See p. 80.
[1108] Joan. Meursi, de Lud. Græc.
[1109] Pollux, lib. ix. cap. 7
[1110] See p. 225.
[1111] See pp. 85, 86.
[1112] Taken from tricks of the jugglers. See p. 226.
[1113] See pp. 302, 303.
[1114] See chap. iii. p. 91, et infra.
[1115] See p. 270.
[1116] Sueton, in Vita Aug. cap. 83.
[1117] No. 112.
[1118] The poet has drawn a simile from this pastime. Æneidos, lib.
vii. lin. 378, et infra.
[1119] Harl. Lib. No. 6391.
[1120] Lib. ii. sat. 3. line 48.
[1121] See p. 337.
[1122] See p. 276.
[1123] Vol. vi. No. 466.
[1124] Pollux, lib. ix. cap. 7.
[1125] See p. 303.
[1126] No. 2. b. vii.
[1127] Act ii. scene the last.
[1128] Pollux, lib. ix. cap. 7.
[1129] No. 2, B. vii.
[1130] Addition to Bourne's Vulg. Antiq.
[1131] No. 264.
[1132] Pollux, lib. ix. cap. 7.
[1133] Pollux, lib. ix. cap. 7.
[1134] Page 391.
[1135] Lib. ii. sat. 3. line 47.
[1136] Pollux, lib. ix. cap. 7.
[1137] Vol. vii. No. 504.
[1138] Page 571.
[1139] Pollux. lib. ix. cap. 7.
[1140] No. 20. D. iv.
[1141] Harl. MS. 2391.
[1142] Harl. MS. 2125.
[1143] Vol. iii. No. 246.
[1144] Vol. iv. No. 278.
INDEX.
A B C of Aristotle, 398.
Abbot of Misrule, 339, 340.
Abbots, 8, 9.
See Clergy.
Abingdon, 353.
Abington Abbey, 26.
Abraham, 167.
Ace of Roses, 320.
Aery of Hawks, 28.
Ælfric, Earl, 26.
Æman, 174.
Æthan, 174.
Ætheric, Bishop, xxi.
Agapæ, 364.
Agesilaus, 380.
Agnes of Poictou, 192.
Alauntes, 19.
Albans, St., 17, 150, 255.
Alcibiades, 38.
Alcinous, 91.
Alea, 305.
Ales (Church and Whitsun), xxxiv, 367.
Alexander the Great, xxii, li.
Alfred, xx.
All-hallows, 391.
Alleys (Bowling), lxiii, 268.
Andromache (a rural), lxvi.
Animals--baiting, teaching, imitating, &c., xlix, liii, 175,
239, 242, 253, 256, 388.
Anjou, Duke of, 200.
Anlaff, a Dane, 183.
Anne, 168, 211, 216, 230, 236, 242, 245, 247, 259.
---- Lady, daughter of Duke of Norfolk, 148.
Apes, 22, 204, 239, 241, 242, 243, 257.
Apples, diving for, 391, 396.
Arabians, 308, 325.
Archbishops, 9.
See Clergy.
Archery, lxii, 48
bow known to Saxons and Danes, _ibid_
archery of the Normans, 50
by ladies, _ibid_
forms of Saxon bows, _ibid_
use and practice of the cross-bow, 53
bows and arrows to be kept, 54, 56
decay of archery, 55
prices for bows, 58
equipment of an archer, 59
directions for archery, 61
marks for shooting at, 62, 63
feats in archery, 64
ancient bowmen's superiority, 66
a good archer called Arthur, 68
prizes for archery, &c. 69, 73, 115.
Arcubalistarians, 73.
Arden of Feversham, 307.
Argument and testimony compared, 51.
Arion and Harry Goldingham, xlviii.
Aristotle, A B C of, 398.
Ark, Noah's, 166.
Arms, list of under Elizabeth, 58
at tournaments, 134, 135, 137.
Arragon, 161, 327.
Arrows, 59, 63, 70.
See Archery.
Arsnic, to save giants, xliv.
Art of Memory, 335.
Arthur, round table of, 140.
---- a good archer why called, 68.
---- Prince of Wales, 161, 327.
Artillery, list of, under Elizabeth, 58.
---- gardens, xxxiv.
Arundell, Robert, a good slinger, 67.
Asaph, 174.
Ascanius, 126.
Asia and Asiatics, 71 199, 281, 306, 308, 325.
Asses, Ass-racing, 22, 47, 256, 346.
Astley (Amphitheatre), 90, 230, 246, 247, 265.
Athelstan, 18, 31, 40.
Attitudes for archery, 61.
Augustus, 384.
Austria, Duke of, 179.
Automaton chess-player, 201.
Axes, combats with, 149.
See Justs.
Baboon, 259.
Babylon, 308.
Backgammon, xxi, 319.
Badger, 18, 22, 280.
Bagpipes, 194, 195.
Baiting animals with dogs, lii, liii, 276, 280.
Balancing, 231, 232, 233, 234, 242.
Balistarii, 52, 73.
Ball, games with, 91 to 110, 173, 195, 196, 204, 231, 300.
---- of little dogs, 167.
Ballad-singers, 287.
See Joculators.
Balloon-ball, 96.
Ban-dogs, 258.
Bandy-ball, 101, 102.
Banners, 134, 135, 136.
Baptism of Bells, 292.
Bar, throwing of, 75, 76, 369.
Baraton, Martin, 196.
Barbary horses, 42.
Barber, a bagpiper, 194, 195.
Barbers, 287, 337.
Bards, 170.
See Minstrels.
Barge, Lord Mayor's, 307.
Barley-brake, 382.
Barlo, Marquis of, 67.
Barnard Peres, 337.
Barnet, 255.
Base, or Prisoners' Bars, 78, 381.
Bason-ringing, 294.
Basset, 335.
Bastard dogs, 19.
---- swords, xxix.
Baste the Bear, 387.
Bastile, 319.
Bat for hurling, &c., 91.
See Ball.
Bath, 370.
----, Lord, 210.
Batting (Bird), 38.
Battle, tournaments like, 131, 132.
Bayeaux tapestry, 4.
Bean, King of the, 343, 400.
Bears, bear-baiting, bear-garden, &c., xlviii, 18, 176, 204, 211,
227, 239, 256, 257, 258, 259, 262, 264.
---- game of "Baste the Bear," 387.
Beast, a game at cards, 335.
Beasts for hunting, 17, 22.
---- of chase, 17, 22.
Beasts of flight, 18.
Becket, Thomas à, 11.
Bedford-square archery, 66.
Beef-steak, dressing of, 236.
Beelzebub, 153, 201.
Bell, Adam, 65, 185.
Bell Savage, shows at the, 356.
Bells for ringing, hawk-bells, prize-bells, &c., 291, 32, 39, 42, 46,
223, 255.
---- (Dumb), 77.
Benjamin Street, 298.
Benjamites, slingers, 71.
Beoric, king's falconer, 27.
Berdic, king's joculator, 195, 205.
Bermondsey, Southwark, 35, 377.
Berners, Juliana, 17.
----, Lord, 17.
Bessy (the), 348.
Beverley, 189, 195, 346.
Bevis of Southampton, 185.
Bewits, or hawk's bells, 32.
Bible-plays. See Plays.
Billiards, 270, 299.
Binding Tuesday, 350.
Birds, tutoring, catching, imitating, &c., 28, 38, 39, 248, 255, 390.
See Hawking, Partridge, &c.
Bishop of Fools, 345.
---- (Boy), 346.
Bishops, 8, 9, 11.
See Clergy.
Bitterns, 37.
Blackfriars bridge, 90.
Bladder (blown), foot-ball, 101.
Blessing of Bells, 292.
Blie, 133.
Blind-man's-buff, 392, 393.
Blois, Charles, Earl of, 52.
Blondel, a minstrel, 179.
Blow Point, 403.
Boar-hunting, fighting, &c., 5, 17, 23, 252, 256.
Boats, 88, 146.
Bob-cherry, 391.
Bodmin, xxxvii.
Bone Ace, 335.
Bonfires, 360, 372.
Boniface, or Winifred, Archbishop of Mons, 25.
Bonner, Bishop, 157.
Borough, Sir Ed., 68.
Boss-out, or Boss and Span, 384.
Boteler, John de, 194.
Bourbon, Duke of, 93.
Bow and Arrows, lxii, 48, 58, 63, 73, 379.
Bowl (Wassail), 363.
Bowling, lxii, lxiii, 266, 270.
Box (Dice), 306.
Boxley, Kent, 165.
Boy Bishop, 346.
Boys, 379 to 400.
Braintree fair, 287.
Brakely, 133.
Brandenborow, Marquis of, 94.
Bread, 23.
Breakfast (Royal), 356.
Breeches formerly worn by ladies, 14.
Breslaw, juggler, 249, 255.
Bretail, Robert de, 128.
Bridal (Country), 119.
British Museum, 79, 99.
Brittany, 291.
Broad-street, 68.
Brunanburgh, victory at, 3.
Bubble the justice, 274.
Bucket of water, tilting at, 120.
Buckingham, 19.
Buckler-play, 262.
Bucks. See Deer.
Buffoons. See Joculators.
Buling Hans, a mountebank, 236.
Bull-baiting and Bull-running, xliv, liii, liv, 256, 257, 259, 276,
277.
---- dogs, 19, 257, 259.
---- John, game called, 275.
Bullen, Anne, 374.
Bulrushes, 86.
Bumble-puppy, 274, 275.
Burford, Ox., 46, 362.
Burgundy, old Duke of, 93.
Burlesque Music, 293.
Burlettas, 290.
Bury St. Edmund's, 8, 14, 27, 29.
Butchers' hounds, 20.
Butt (Water), tilting at, 120.
Butterfly and boy, 389.
Butts, archery, 53, 58, 62, 64, 65.
Byrhtric, a Saxon, 26.
Caedmon, 177.
Caiaphas, 153.
Cakes, tansy, 349.
Calculation, methods of, 313.
Caledonians, xix.
Calf (Golden), 296.
Calves-head feast, 42.
Cambuc, 101.
Camp-ball, 101.
Candles, play about lighting, 395.
Cane Game, 128.
Canute, xxi, 4, 10, 309.
Caparison for a hawk, 32.
Capet, Hugh, 40.
Car, Robert, Earl of Somerset, 229.
Cards, xxxii, xxxiii, xxxix, 323 to 336.
----, Houses of, 397.
Carpet-working, lxvi.
Carreau, French game called, 266.
Cast of Hawks, 36.
Castanets, 223.
Casting the bar, 75.
Cat, pole-cat, wild-cat, 18, 22, 109.
Cat after mouse, 381.
Catabanque, 185.
Catherine of Portugal, 69, 335.
---- of Arragon, 161, 327.
Cauldron, Iron, a play with, 400.
Ceres, 364.
Chabloun, Earl of, 130.
Chaffinches, li.
Chaffnets, 38.
Chaldea, 308.
Chalezun, castle of, 52.
Challenger to justs and tournaments, xxix, 148, 263.
Chan (Great), 199.
Changes, ringing of, 291.
Charing-cross, a mews, 37, 242.
Charlemagne, 175.
Charles I., lvii, 56, 69, 309.
---- II., xliv, 46, 59, 68, 220, 235.
---- V. of France, 324.
---- VI. of France, 76, 217, 252, 323, 324.
---- VII. of France, 311.
Charles the Bald, 132.
Charms for hawks, 34.
Chartley-hall, 297.
Chase, beasts of, 17.
Chases. See Forests.
Cheapside pageants, xli.