discovers Sandwich Islands, 144;
names Cape Flattery and Mount Edgecumbe, 144, 145;
tries to sail east to Hudson's Bay, 145;
his death, 146.
Coppermine River explored, 137.
Coronado, Vasquez de, explores New Mexico, 32, 39 (_note_).
Cortez, Hernando, in Mexico, 7;
reaches the Great South Sea, 7.
Council Bluffs, visited and named, 188;
Long winters there, 221.
Coureurs de Bois, 125, 130 (_note_).
Crozat, Anthony, his monopoly, 124, 126.
Cuba, importance of, to Spanish conquests in America, 4.
Custer, George A., killed in battle, 325.
Dablon, Fr. Claude, founds mission at Sault Ste. Marie, 78, 80
(_note_).
Dakota, great progress in, 324.
De Fuca, Juan, discovers Straits of Fuca, 59.
Dubuque, Julien, in Iowa, 183.
Denver City founded, 310;
in 1859, 313, 314 (_note_).
Denver, James W., 299 (_note_), 310.
De Soto, Hernando, lands in Florida, 11;
his army, 11, 12;
cruel conduct toward the natives, 13, 14, 22;
his wonderful marches, 15, 17 (_note_);
escape of his followers, 16;
death and burial, 18;
described, 17 (_note_).
Douglas, Stephen A., author of "Popular Sovereignty," 288.
Drake, Sir Francis, reaches California, 56;
takes possession, and names it New Albion, 57;
his port, 66 (_note_).
El Dorado. The Spaniards seek it in Florida, 14;
the Indians mislead them, 28 (_note_).
El Paso del Norte founded, 37;
in 1807, 208.
Elizabeth of England, her character, 147.
England claims the North-west coast, 146 (_note_);
loses her American colonies, 165.
Falls of St. Anthony named, 107, 109 (_note_);
Indian superstition about, 151.
Fire-worship, 46.
Florida discovered and named, 6;
its extent, 6, 7;
initial point, 7, 9 (_note_);
De Soto invades it, 11;
Indians of, 20-28;
ceded back to Spain, 164.
Fontaine qui bouille, 314 (and _note_).
Fort Boisé, 233 (_note_);
Fremont there, 238, 241 (_note_);
made capital of Idaho, 323, 325 (_note_).
Fort Chipewyan, 138, 139 (_note_).
Fort Crèvecœur, 101, 104 (_note_).
Fort Hall, 233 (_note_), 238.
Fort Kearney, Neb., 294.
Fort Laramie, 235, 241 (_note_).
Fort Leavenworth, 293, 294 (_note_).
Fort Prudhomme, 103, 104 (_note_).
Fort Riley, Kan., 293.
Fort Scott, Kan., 294.
Fort Smith, 223 (_note_).
Fort Walla Walla, 238.
France contends with Spain for dominion, and is defeated, 6;
cedes Louisiana to Spain, 163;
plays her own game, 168 (_note_);
attitude hostile toward us, 171;
sells us Louisiana, 174.
Free-soil party formed, 290.
Fremont, J. C., meets Senator Benton, 234;
sent to explore South Pass, 234;
ascends Fremont's Peak, 236;
what he accomplished or recommended, 236;
corrects the popular error about the Great Desert, 236;
sent to the Lower Columbia, 237;
finds a new pass through the Rockies, 238;
explores Great Salt Lake, 238;
in California, 256;
is there again as war is impending, 258;
ordered out of the country, 259;
heads the American settlers in a revolt against the Mexican
Government, 260.
Fremont's Peak ascended, 236.
French Spoliation Fund, its origin, 174.
Frontenac (Louis de Buade) Comte de, made governor of Canada, 83;
his character, 84;
builds a post on Lake Ontario, 97.
Garrison, William Lloyd, leads anti-slavery men, 247.
Gilpin, William, predicts mineral wealth of Rocky Mountains, 308.
Golden Gate named, 279 (_note_).
Gray, Robert, first sails into the Columbia River, 161, 162
(_note_).
Great American Desert described by Long, 223;
its bearing on the Oregon question, 231;
Fremont corrects the popular error, 236;
its present condition, 325, 329.
Great Salt Lake first mentioned, 35.
Great Salt Lake explored by Fremont, 238, 241 (_note_).
Gregory Diggings, Col., 312.
Gregory, John H., finds gold on Clear Creek, Col., 312.
Gulf of California, missions on, 38.
Gulf of Mexico, early knowledge of, 10, 17 (_note_);
coasts described, 114.
Hearne, Samuel, goes to Coppermine River, 137.
Hennepin, Fr. Louis, 99;
sent by La Salle to explore the Lower Illinois, 101;
described, 105, 106;
ascends the Upper Mississippi, 105;
taken by Sioux, 106;
names Falls of St. Anthony, 107;
released by French traders, 108;
his account of his explorations, 109 (_note_).
Hot Springs of the Washita, 222.
Houston, Samuel, made president of Texas, 243.
Hudson, Henry, 132, 135 (_note_).
Hudson's Bay explored, 132, 133.
Hudson's Bay Company formed, 134;
its early struggles, 134;
intent of the grant, 136.
Humboldt Mountains and River named, 258.
Hurons, 71, 72;
driven from Lake Huron, 76, 79 (_note_).
Iberville, Le Moyne de, 118, 123 (_note_);
arrives at Pensacola, 119, and Mobile Bay, 119;
in the Mississippi River, 120;
gets a letter from La Salle, 120;
forms settlements in Biloxi Bay and Mobile, 121;
death, 123.
Idaho, 323, 325 (_note_).
Illinois nation, Joliet and Marquette among, 88.
INDIANS OF FLORIDA, earliest accounts of them, 20;
arms and implements, 21;
singular tradition about the whites, 24;
villages, 24, 25;
dress, 25, 26;
worship, 26;
mode of life, 27.
INDIANS OF NEW MEXICO, their houses and villages, 34, 35,
40-43;
folk-lore, 45-49;
customs, 50;
government, 52;
Pimos Indians, 39 (_note_).
INDIANS OF GREAT LAKES, Hurons, 71-72;
Iroquois, 72.
INDIANS OF CALIFORNIA, do honor to Drake, 56;
as inhabitants of missions, 61-64;
in mines, 279.
INDIANS OF HUDSON'S BAY, 137.
INDIANS OF VANCOUVER ISLAND, 144 (_note_).
INDIANS OF NORTH-WEST TERRITORY, 168.
INDIANS OF OREGON, 194-196, 197 (_note_);
missions among, 233 (_note_).
INDIANS OF KANSAS, 293.
INDIANS OF TEXAS, 242.
INDIANS OF GREAT PLAINS, 186, 221.
(_See_ also under various tribal names.)
Iowa admitted to the Union, 248.
Iroquois, 72;
they block up Lakes Ontario and Erie to the French, 76;
conquer and disperse the Hurons, 76, 79 (_note_).
Isthmus of Darien crossed by Balboa, 7.
Jefferson, Thomas, moves to unravel the Mississippi question,
172;
sets exploration of Louisiana on foot, 184;
sends Lewis and Clarke to the Pacific, 187.
Jesuit missionaries in Canada, 74, 79 (_note_).
Joliet, Louis, sent to find the Mississippi River, with
Marquette, 85;
reaches it, 87;
visits the Illinois, 88;
reaches the Arkansas nation, 90;
turns back, 91, 92 (_note_).
Kansas explored by Pike, 200.
Kansas, parties to the struggle over, 290;
passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, 292;
described, 292;
adapted to slave labor, 294;
first advantages with the party of slavery, 295;
emigration to, 296;
first settlements in, 296;
Free-State settlements, 298, 299 (_note_);
Missourians seize Territorial government, 302;
Topeka Constitution, 302;
Lawrence besieged, 302;
Free-State leaders held for treason, 303;
Lawrence suffers from outrages, 303;
Free-State legislature dispersed, 303;
Free-State leaders, 304;
in a state of anarchy, 305;
Lecompton Constitution formed, 305;
defeated, 306;
ballot-stuffing, 306;
admitted to the Union, 320.
Kansas City, beginnings of, 234, 241 (_note_).
Kearney, Stephen W., marches to New Mexico, 252;
takes possession, 254;
goes on to California, 255, 256 (_note_);
beaten at San Pasqual, 263.
Kendrick, John, sails through the Straits of Fuca, 147
(_note_), 158.
Kentucky admitted to the Union, 167.
Kino, Fr. Eusebius, founds missions, 38.
La Chine, origin of name, 96, 99 (_note_).
Laclede, Pierre, founds St. Louis, 179, 183 (_note_).
Lake Michigan, 92 (_note_).
Lake Pepin, 107, 109 (_note_).
Lake Superior Indians at Quebec, 77.
Lane, James H., 304, 307 (_note_).
La Peyrouse, 64, 66 (_note_).
Larkin, Thomas O., 264 (_note_);
describes gold discovery, 274, 275.
La Salle, Robert Cavelier de, described, 93, 94;
goes in search of the Ohio, 97;
Frontenac his friend, 97;
plans a colony at mouth of the Mississippi, 98;
gets a patent from Louis XIV., 98, 99 (_note_);
builds a fort and vessel on Niagara River, 99;
sails for Green Bay, 100;
starts hence for the Mississippi River, and descends the
Illinois, 101;
winters among the Illinois, 101;
returns to Frontenac, 101;
again sets out, 102;
finds Crèvecœur in ruins and deserted, 102;
makes a third attempt, 103;
builds Fort Prudhomme, 103;
reaches the Gulf and takes possession of Louisiana, 103, 104;
goes to France, 111;
sails for the Mississippi River, 112;
lands on the coast of Texas, 112;
a chapter of disasters, 113;
builds Fort St. Louis on Lavaca River, 113;
sets out for the Mississippi, 115;
is killed, 117 (and _note_);
name honored, 123 (_note_).
Law, John, his Mississippi scheme, 126, 130 (_note_).
Lawrence, Kan., founded, 298, 299 (_note_);
besieged, 302;
destruction of property at, 303.
Leavenworth, Kan., founded, 296, 299 (_note_).
Lecompton settled, 297, 299 (_note_);
pro-slavery party form a State constitution at, 305.
Ledyard, John, 144, 145;
his idea, 153, 156 (_note_);
a deserter, 154;
goes to France, 154;
Jefferson's advice taken, 155;
attempts to reach the north-west coast by way of Kamschatka,
and fails, 156.
Lewis, Meriwether, explores Louisiana, 187, 191 (_note_);
ascends the Missouri, 188;
among the Mandans, 189;
reaches the Great Falls, 191;
sets out across the mountains, 192;
brings back guides and horses, 194;
sufferings in the mountains, 195;
reaches Lewis River, 195;
descends the Columbia, 195;
and reaches the sea, 197.
Lewis River (Snake River of Oregon), named, 195.
Little Rock, 223 (_note_).
Livingston, Robert R., opens negotiations for the purchase of
Louisiana, 173, 175 (_note_).
Long, Stephen Harriman, sent to explore the Platte Valley, 219;
ascends the Missouri in a steamboat, 219, 223 (_note_);
winters near Council Bluffs, 221;
goes down the South Platte to the mountains, 222;
thence by the Canadian to Fort Smith, 222;
pronounces the Great Plains a desert, 223.
Long's Peak ascended, 222.
Louis XIV., beginning of his reign, 81;
its character described, 130 (_note_).
Louisiana, the name, 104;
La Salle's colony, 109, 123 (_note_);
Iberville's colony, 118;
under Crozat, 125;
under Law, 126;
settlements begun, 127;
ceded to Spain, 163;
upper settlements, 166;
lower settlements, 167;
ceded to the United States, 174;
settlements and population in 1803, 176-183;
a State, 214.
Louisville founded, 168.
Mackenzie, Alexander, discovers the Mackenzie River, 138;
reaches the Pacific, 139.
Mandan tradition, 39 (_note_).
Marco de Niza explores New Mexico, 32, 39 (_note_).
Marquette, Fr. James, goes to Lake Superior, 78, 80 (_note_);
goes with Joliet to find the Mississippi River (_see_ Joliet).
Marshall, James W., discovers gold in California, 272.
Mendoza, Antonio de, sends explorers into New Mexico, 32.
McCormick, Cyrus H., his reaping-machine, 327.
Meramec lead-mines, 182.
Mexico, conquest of, 5;
an historic initial-point, 7.
Mexico, war with her, 250 (_note_);
it is unpopular in the North, 251 (_note_);
peace and its results, 263.
Minnesota explored by Hennepin, 105-107;
by Carver, 150-152;
posts in, 183;
by Pike, 198;
by Nicollet and Fremont, 234, 241 (_note_);
admitted to the Union, 307.
Mississippi River, The, nearly discovered, 10;
De Soto finds it, 16;
name, 17 (_note_);
the Sioux describe it, 78, 80 (_note_);
acquires a first importance with the French, 82;
fables about, 89;
explored by Joliet and Marquette, 85-92;
by La Salle, 103, 104.
Mississippi Territory formed, 167.
Missions in New Mexico, 37;
in California, 60-64, 66 (_note_);
on Lake Huron, 74, 75;
Lake Superior, 77, 78, 79;
Oregon, 233 (_note_), 238, 240;
Texas, 246 (_note_);
Kansas, 293.
Missouri, settlements in, 1819, 219;
struggle over her admission as a State, 223-227;
her growth, 228.
Missouri Compromise, the, 226;
set aside, 292, 294 (_note_).
Missouri River first mentioned, 89, 92 (_note_);
its sources unknown, 1783, 162, 168 (_note_), 185, 191
(_note_).
Monroe Doctrine enunciated, 231, 233 (_note_).
Montana, 323, 325 (_note_).
Monterey visited, 59;
mission at, 61;
name, 66 (_note_).
Montezuma, 48, 52 (_note_).
Mormons as soldiers, 253;
rise of the sect, 268 (_note_);
decide to go to Salt Lake, and why, 266;
their city, 266, 268 (_note_);
their growth, 267;
and creed, 267;
in California, 273, 275 (_note_).
Mormon Diggings, 273, 274, 275 (_note_).
Moscoso, Luis de, succeeds De Soto and saves his men, 17
(_note_), 18.
Mount St. Elias discovered, 141.
Natchez Indians, 123, 124.
Natchez, its importance to Louisiana, 123;
fort at, 124.
Natchitoches occupied by French, 124, 130 (_note_).
Nebraska, Act forming the Territory, 292;
not adapted for slave labor, 294;
Pacific Railroad begun in, 318, 320 (_note_);
growth of, 321;
admitted to the Union, 321, 322 (_note_).
New England Emigrant Aid Company, 297, 299 (_note_).
New Madrid, 178, 183 (_note_).
New Mexico first explored by Marco de Niza and Vasquez de
Coronado, 32;
fallacies concerning it, 30;
obstacles in the way, 30;
second exploration, 33;
third do., 33, 34;
villages and people described, 34, 35;
named, 35;
colonized, 37;
missions in, 37;
native insurrection in, 37;
new invasion, 38;
native cities described, 40-44;
in 1807, 205-208;
its importance to emigration, 251, 252;
Kearney sent to take it, 252;
yields without fighting, 254;
insurrection at Taos, 256 (_note_);
ceded to the United States, 263.
New Orleans founded, 128, 130 (_note_);
described by Charlevoix, 129;
in 1803, 177, 178;
attempt of England to seize, 214.
Nevada, rise of, 321;
a State, 321, 322 (_note_).
Nez Percés mission, 238.
Niagara River and Falls, 74, 79 (_note_);
seized by La Salle, 99, 104 (_note_).
Nicolet, Jean, at Green Bay, 75, 79 (_note_).
Nootka Sound, 146 (_note_).
North-west Company, 183 (_note_).
North-west Territory formed and slavery excluded, 165;
area and population, 166, 168 (_note_).
Northern Pacific Railway, 323, 325 (_note_).
Nueces River, 249, 251 (_note_).
Ohio River a boundary between slave and free States, 165.
Omaha, 321, 322 (_note_).
Ordinance of 1787, 165.
Oregon, name first mentioned, 152, 153 (_note_).
Oregon, first American establishments in, 212, 213;
rivalries of the fur-traders, 229;
quarrel with England about boundary, 230;
public opinion about Oregon, 231;
various settlements in, 232, 233 (notes);
effort to keep Americans out of, 239;
Dr. Whitman's heroic efforts to win Oregon for us, 239;
Ashburton treaty, 239;
Willamette Valley being settled, 240;
admitted to the Union, 307.
Oregon trail, 229, 233 (_note_);
Fremont explores, 234, 235;
hard travelling it, 239.
Pacific Ocean, or Great South Sea, reached by Balboa and
Cortez, 7.
Pacific Railroad talked of, 257;
on the frontier, 316;
authorized, 320 (_note_);
begun during the civil war, 318;
attacked by Indians, 319;
completed, 319;
effect on the growth of the Great West, 327.
Pensacola, 119, 123 (_note_).
Peter the Great attempts discoveries in the North-West, 140.
Philip II. (of Spain), last days of, 53, 54;
his character, 81.
Pierce, Franklin, elected President, 292, 294 (_note_).
Pike, Zebulon M., explores the Arkansas, 198, 204 (_note_);
in Kansas, 200;
among the Pawnees, 200;
ascends Pike's Peak, 202;
lost in the mountains, 203;
taken to Santa Fé, 203.
Pike's Peak ascended and named, 202;
first name for Colorado gold-mines, 309.
Pimeria, 38, 39 (_note_).
Platte River, 185, 191 (_note_).
Platte Valley, Long explores it, 219.
Polk, James K., 246 (and _note_).
Ponce de Leon, Juan, discovers Florida, 6.
Pony express, 316, 320 (_note_).
Prairie du Chien, Joliet at, 87;
Jonathan Carver at, 152;
in 1803, 183.
Prince Rupert founds Hudson's Bay Company, 134, 135 (_note_).
Pursley, James, discovers gold in Colorado, 210.
Quebec founded, 69;
taken, 75.
Robinson, Charles, in Kansas, 299;
indicted for treason, 302, 307 (_note_).
Russian American Company, 142.
St. Charles (Mo.), 183 (_note_).
San Diego visited, 59;
mission at, 61.
St. Domingo, 119, 123 (_note_).
St. Genevieve, 183 (_note_).
San Francisco, mission founded, 61.
San Francisco in 1849, 282, 284 (_note_).
Santa Fé founded, 37;
in 1807, 206;
taken by Gen. Kearney, 254.
Santa Fé Trail, 229, 233 (_note_).
San Jacinto, 243, 246 (_note_).
St. Lawrence River, route of French discovery and settlement, 68;
ascended by Cartier and Champlain, 69, 71 (_note_);
the key of the continent, 69.
St. Louis, rise of, 179;
in 1803, 181, 182;
in 1816, 227.
St. Louis of Texas (La Salle's colony), 114, 117 (_note_).
St. Paul, 107, 109 (_note_).
St. Vrain's Fort, 235, 241 (_note_).
Sacramento City founded, 283.
Salt Lake City laid out, 266, 268 (_note_).
Sandwich Islands, discovered, 144;
named, 146 (_note_).
Sault Ste. Marie, possession taken of the Great West by
France, 79.
Scott, Winfield, conquest of Mexico, 263.
Sitka founded, 142 (_note_).
Sioux, first meeting with whites, 77;
Hennepin among, 106, 107, 109 (_note_).
Sioux War (1876), 325.
Slavery introduced by De Soto into Florida, 13;
as practised by the Indians, 17 (_note_);
African slavery in Louisiana, 127, 130 (_note_);
excluded from the North-west Territory, 165;
admitted to Missouri, 223-227;
in Texas, 243, 244;
become a sectional issue, 246;
party formed to antagonize it, 247;
petitions against, refused by Congress, 248;
struggle over the admission of California, 287;
contest in Kansas, 289.
Southern Pacific Railway, 65.
South Pass, Fremont sent to explore it, 234, 241 (_note_).
South Sea, The. _See_ Pacific Ocean.
Spain, mistress of the seas, 2;
what Columbus did for, 3;
divides with Portugal dominion in the East and West, 3, 4;
sends expeditions to Florida and Mexico, 4;
reign of Charles V., 4-8;
her invincibility broken, 59, 66 (_note_);
gives up Vancouver Island to England, 146 (_note_);
claim to north-west coast, 159;
gets back Louisiana, 163;
and Florida, 164;
shuts up New Orleans to our commerce, 172, 175 (_notes 2
and 3_);
loses Mexico, 241.
Steamboat first navigates the Missouri, 219.
Stockton, Robert F., 261;
conquers California, 262.
Stockton, Cal., founded, 283.
Straits of Fuca discovered, 59;
explored, 146 (_note_).
Sutter's Fort, 256, 263 (_note_);
Fremont's headquarters at, 260.
Taylor, Zachary, commands in Mexico, 250, 263.
Tennessee admitted to the Union, 167.
Terra Firma, 9 (_note_).
Texas, 118 (_note_); _see also_ St. Louis of Texas;
Americans invited to, 241;
in 1821, 242, 246 (_note_);
emigration, 2;
and its character, 243;
revolts against Mexico, 243;
conquers her independence, 243;
applies for admission to the Union, 244;
is opposed by the North, 245;
but comes in, 246;
her boundary in dispute, 249.
Topeka Constitution, 307 (_note_).
Utah, 267, 268 (_note_).
Vancouver, George, 146 (_note_).
Vizcaino, Sebastian, enters San Diego and Monterey, 59.
Washington Territory, 323, 325 (_note_).
Webster, Daniel, his attitude toward slavery in new States,
291, 294 (_note_).
Whitman, Marcus, founds a mission in Oregon, 232, 233 (_note_),
238;
his memorable ride to St. Louis, 239.
Wilkes, Charles, explores north-west coast, 240, 241 (_note_).
Willamette Valley settled, 240.
Wisconsin, first white man in, 75, 79 (_note_).
Wisconsin River found to be a tributary of the Mississippi, 78.
Wyeth, Nathaniel J., in Oregon, 232, 233 (_note_).
Wyoming Territory, 324.
Yellowstone Park, 324.
Yellowstone River, 185, 191 (_note_).
Yerba Buena, 282, 284 (_note_).
Young, Brigham, 265.
Zuñi visited by Spaniards, 35, 39 (_note_).
End of Project Gutenberg's The Making of the Great West, by Samuel Adams Drake