=Faraday=, Michael, birth, 238;
life in Jacob's Well Mews, 238;
becomes an errand-boy, 239;
apprenticeship, 239;
attends lectures at Tatum's, 240;
constructs a voltaic pile, 241;
letters to Abbott, 241, 246;
starts as a journeyman, 243;
application to Davy, 243;
appointed assistant at the Royal Institution, 245;
joins the City Philosophical Society, 245;
opinions respecting lectures, 246, 247;
journey with Davy, 248;
acquaintance with De la Rive, 249;
crosses the Alps, 249;
at the Academia del Cimento, 250;
returns from the Continent, 251;
lectures to the City Philosophical Society, 251;
commonplace-book, 253;
atmospheric electricity apparatus, 254;
marriage, 255;
discovery of electro-magnetic rotation, 255;
of the earth's action on a current, 256;
letter to E. de la Rive, 256;
views on Ampere's theory, 257;
elected F.R.S., 258;
appointed director of the laboratory at the Royal Institution,
258;
work on optical glass, 259;
discovery of induced currents, 259;
institutes Friday evening lectures, 259;
anchor-ring experiment, 260;
magneto-electric machine, 262;
obtains induced current by action of the earth, 262;
obtains "magnetic spark," 262;
explanation of Arago's experiment, 264;
laws of electrolysis, 266;
proves the identity of frictional and voltaic electricity, 266;
experiments on self-induction, 268;
diagrams of lines of magnetic force, 269;
conception of lines of electric force, 270;
ice-pail experiment, 270;
butterfly-net, 270;
experiments on specific inductive capacity, 272;
appointed scientific adviser to Trinity House, 273;
appointed member of the Senate of the University of London, 273;
discovery of the electro-magnetic rotation of the plane of
polarization, 273;
investigations in diamagnetism, 274;
joins the Sandemanian Church, 275;
lectures before the Prince Consort, 275;
retirement to Hampton Court, 277;
death, 277;
lines of force investigated by Thomson and Maxwell, 300.
Forbes's, Principal, opinion of Young, 194.
Foucault's measurement of the velocity of light, 220.
_Fovea centralis_, insensibility of, to blue light, 298.
Franciscus Linus, funicular hypothesis of, 25.
=Franklin=, Benjamin, autobiography of, 39;
birth, 40;
on the disputatious temper, 42;
method of learning prose composition, 43;
tries vegetarianism, 44;
adopts the Socratic method, 44;
first voyage to England, 48;
experience as a journeyman in London, 49;
views on beer as a food, 49;
marriage, 54;
endeavours to attain moral perfection, 56;
method of reconciling an enemy, 60;
elected F.R.S., 66;
second voyage to England, 70;
begins electrical experiments, 72;
electrical papers ridiculed by the Royal Society, 73;
discovers the effect of points, 74;
one-fluid theory of electricity, 76;
theory of the Leyden jar, 78;
invention of the lightning-rod, 83;
golden fish, 85;
view of the nature of light, 86;
kite, 88;
experiments on capacity, 81, 89;
experiments on electrical induction, 90;
proof of the absence of electricity in a hollow conductor, 91;
third voyage to England, 102;
examination before the Parliamentary Committee, 105;
nominated Foreign Associate of the Academy of Sciences, 110;
signs the Declaration of Independence, 113;
sent to Paris, 113;
made Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of France, 116;
signs the Treaty of Peace, 119;
elected President of Pennsylvania, 120;
death, 122.
Fresnel, awarded the Rumford Medal, 233.
Fresnel's repetition of Young's experiments, 225.
Friction as a source of heat, Rumford's experiments on, 189.
Friday evening lectures instituted by Faraday, 259.