Fear of the Lord, Gift of the Holy Ghost_Moral theology

distinct from other kinds of fear, 1042; corresponds to First Beatitude

and Fruits of modesty, continency and chastity, 1058; complement of

temperance, 2571 a.

Fecundation, Artificial, 2618 c.

Fees, in connection with administration of sacred rites, 2185 b.

Feigning of Defects, form of lying, 2406 b.

Fenians, Society forbidden by Church, 947 b.

Fidelity, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163. See also Truthfulness.

Fighting, definition, 1428; kinds, 1429; sinfulness, 1430; causes,

1431; hatred as cause of fighting, 1432; frequent occasions, 1433; evil

consequences, 1434.

First-Fruits, and tithes, 2185 b.

Fitness, the right standard for distributive justice, 1804 c.

Flattery, vice opposite to modesty, 2566 b.

Flesh Meat, 2586 sqq.

Foolhardiness, sin against fortitude, 2466 b.

Foolishness, sin of, opposed to Gift of Wisdom, 1621; description of

sin, 1624; causes, 1625; cause of contumely, 2017 b.

Foresight, 1638 b.

Forgetfulness, resembles ignorance, 32.

Form, Sacramental, see Sacrament. Formal Sin, 248.

Fornication, definition, 2543; sinfulness of fornication, 2534;

fornication compared with other sins, 2525 a; circumstances of

fornication, 2526 a; fornication of engaged person, 2526 b; forms of

fornication, 2527; the State and places of prostitution, 2528.

Fortitude, 150; golden mean in, 154 a, 157 b; Gift of the Holy Ghost,

160 b; rank among moral virtues, 2437; definition of fortitude,

2439; two acts of fortitude, 2440; excellence, 2441; sins opposed to

fortitude, 2446; integral and potential parts of fortitude, 2447;

differs from patience, 2453 b; complements of fortitude, 2457; Gift

of Fortitude, 2457 a; fortitude and the Eighth Beatitude, 2457 b;

fortitude and the Fruits of Patience and Longsuffering, 2457 c;

commandments of fortitude, 2458; subjects of fortitude, 2460. See also

Martyrdom.

Franchise, Electoral, see Voting.

Fraternal Correction, see Correction, fraternal.

Fraud, invalidates consent of contract, 1884 b; injustice in voluntary

commutations, 2121; definition of fraud, 2122; two kinds of injustice

in sales, 2123; injustice regarding price, 2124; criteria of a just

price, 2125; obligation of observing prices settled by law or custom,

2126; when market price may be disregarded without injustice, 2127;

unjust sales based on ignorance of real value, 2129; obligation of

restitution on account of unjust price, 2130; injustice regarding thing

sold, 2131; defects in the thing sold, 2132.

Free Love, definition, 2527 c.

Freemasonry, 823 b; books in favor of, forbidden, 855 b; Society

forbidden by Code, 947 a.

Friday Abstinence, 2586 c.

Friendship, 1110; friendship of utility, pleasure and virtue, 1111;

five marks of true friendship, 1137; human friendship not a distinct

virtue, 1140; virtue of friendship, 2143 b.

Fruition, as act of will, 58.

Fruits of the Holy Ghost, 159 b; twelve in number, 163, 811, 1058,

1619, 1662, 2433, 2457, 2571.

Gambling, sinful, 1879 d; gambling forbidden to clerics, 2603 c.

Geomancy, form of divination, 2284 c.

Gift, sinful, 1879 a; when are free gifts to judges permissible? 1945 d.

Gifts of the Holy Ghost, 159 a; intellectual, 160 a; appetitive, 159,

160, 160 b; Understanding and Knowledge, 808-810; Fear of the Lord,

1041-1057; Wisdom, 1609 sqq.; Counsel, 1662; Piety, 2433; Fortitude,

2457; Fear of the Lord, 2571.

Gluttony, 269; sin opposed to abstemiousness, 2470 b; ways of

committing gluttony, 2471; sinfulness of gluttony, 2472 a; gluttony as

capital sin, 2473 11.

Gnome, part of judgment, 2432 d.

Gnosticism, 822 c.

Gnostics, 823 b.

God, belief in His existence and providence necessary for salvation,

787.

Golden Mean, in virtues, 153-154.

Good, Common. 285 c.

Goods, external, not last end of man, 20; of the body, not last end

of man, 20; of the soul, not last end of man, 20; when temporal goods

should be surrendered to avoid scandal, 1483.

Goods, Abandoned, when they may be occupied, 1873 e; when vacant goods

may be occupied, 1873 f.

Good Templars, Independent Order of, forbidden by Church, 946 b.

Good Will, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163.

Gossip, sinfulness of, 2038.

Grace, 284.

Gratitude, virtue of, 2143 a; definition of virtue, 2373; two kinds

of gratitude, 2374; circumstances of gratitude, 2376; sins against

gratitude, 2377; moral species of ingratitude, 2378; theological

species of ingratitude, 2379; is it right to confer favors on the

ungrateful? 2380.

Grave Matter, absolute and relative standards, 1899; opinions on the

amounts that are grave matter, 1900 a.

Greatness of Deed, integral part of fortitude, 2447 b; definition of

virtue, 2452.

Greatness of Soul, integral part of fortitude, 2447 b; definition of

virtue, 2448; greatness of soul and humility, 2449; vices opposed to,

2450 sqq.

Grief, at another’s prosperity, when lawful and unlawful, 1334-1337.

Guaranty, 1749 d.

Guilt, formal guilt, 248; material guilt, 248; causes that remove or

diminish theological guilt, 1764 a.

Habits, as obstacle to voluntariness of acts, 40, 53; definition, 53;

antecedent and consequent, 53; in general, 132 sqq.; definition, 133;

entitative and operative, 134 a; good and evil, 134 b; infused and

acquired, 134 c, 135-136; strengthening and weakening of, 137 sqq.;

exercise great influence on morality, 140; our duties regarding, 141.

See also Theft.

Occupations, forbidden to clerics, 2603 b.

Odd Fellows, Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.

Offerings, act of religion, 2183.

Office, Divine, distractions during, 2174; obligation of matter and

manner, 2600 a; excuses from the obligation of the Divine Office, 2601

Officials, Public, lawfulness of revelations about, 2071.

Offset, definition of, 1927 a. Old Testament, moral precepts still

binding, 7; ceremonial laws no longer obligatory, 7.

Omen, form of divination, 2285 d.

Omissions, voluntary, 37; effect of may be voluntary, 38.

Oneiromancy, form of divination, 2284 a.

Opinion, as state of conscience, 662 sqq.

Ordeal by Fire, sin against religion, 2284 c.

Order of Charity, 1158; between neighbors, 1171 sqq.; in almsgiving,

1247.

Orders, Holy, Sacrament of, 2777; distinction of the Orders, 2778;

Major and Minor Orders, 2778 b; hierarchy of Orders, 2779 a; hierarchy

of jurisdiction, 2779 b; matter and form of the various Orders in

the Latin Church, 2780; episcopal consecration, 2780 a; minister of

ordination, 2781; special duties of minister, 2782; recipient of

Orders, 2783; conditions for validity of reception, 2783 a; conditions

for lawfulness of reception, 2783 b; canonical requirements for

ordination, 2784; irregularities, 2784 b; simple impediments, 2784

b; irregularities from defect or delinquency, 2784 b; duties of

ordinandi according to Canon Law, 2785 a; registration of ordinations,

2786; ordination of acolyte, 2780 a; ordination of exorcist, 2780 a;

ordination of porter, 2780 a; ordination of reader, 2780 a; ordination

of subdeacon, 2780 b; ordination of deacon, 2780 c; ordination of

priest, 2780 d.

Ordinances, of the New Testament, 7.

Orientals, 822 c.

Original Sin, 272 sqq.

Ouija Boards, form of divination, 2284 c.

Ownership, Private, allowed by natural and divine law, 1872; chief

titles to private ownership, 1872.

Pacifism, Extreme, not inculcated by Christ, 1381.

Pain, of loss, 281 a; of sense, 281 b.

_Palpo_, definition, 1779 e.

Pan-Christianism, 823 b.

Parents, duties of charity and piety, 2630; compensation of children,

2631; sex education of children, 2632.

Participation of Catholics in Non-Catholic Services, 961; active

and passive participation, 962-973; things wherein communication is

possible; 963; simulated active assistance, 965; cases of communication

in false worship, 967 sqq.; cases where a communication in another

Catholic Rite is allowed, 970; participation in non-sacramental rites,

971; participation in religious places, times and objects, 972.

Partnership, 1749 b.

Passion, as obstacle to consent, 40, 45; antecedent, makes act less

free, 48; consequent, does not affect voluntariness of acts, 49; when

it removes or diminishes theological guilt, 1764 a.

Passions, definition, 45, 116 sqq.; definition, 117; concupiscible,

118-119; irascible, 118, 120; moral value of, 121 sqq.; physical,

mental and moral dangers of, 126; antecedent or involuntary (first

motions of the soul), 129; consequent or voluntary (second motions of

the soul), 129; inhibition of, 131; important influence of habits on,

140.

Pastor, duty to give Sacraments, 2676 a; duties in reference to

Baptism, 2688; to Confirmation, 2698; to Communion, 2707 c; to worship,

2708 c; to celebration of Mass, 2710 b; to application of Mass _pro

populo_, 2714 a; jurisdiction for confession, 2751 a; on reserved

cases, 2754 b; duty to hear confessions, 2756 b; to give Extreme

Unction, 2775 c; rank among the clergy, 2779 b; duties in reference to

marriage, 2802, 2807, 2808, 2820 sqq., 2826, 2829.

Pathological States, see Abnormal Mental States.

Patience, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163; act of fortitude, 2447 b;

definition, 2453; patience differs from temperance, 2453 a; differs

from longsuffering and constancy, 2453 c; greatness of patience, 2454;

vices opposed to patience, 2455; virtue of steadfastness, 2456.

Patriolatry, sin against piety, 2349 a.

Patriotism, very like to religion, 2346 d.

Pawn, 1749 d.

Pawning, unjustifiable, 1879 g.

Peace, Fruit of the Holy Ghost, 163; as effect of charity, 1195 sqq.;

reconciliation with God, 1196; reconciliation with enemies, 1196;

reconciliation with enemies demanded by charity, 1198; what duty of

reconciliation demands, 1199; what this duty necessitates, 1199 sqq.;

person who should make the first advances, 1202; manner and time of

seeking reconciliation, 1203-04; sins against peace, 1347 sqq. See

Discord; Contention; Schism; War; Fighting; Duelling; Sedition.

Pederasty, kind of impurity, 2534 c.

Pelagianism, 822 c.

Penance, Sacrament of, 2727; remote matter, 2727 a; proximate

matter, 2727 b; form of, 2727 c; subject of, 2727 d; Probabilism in

administration of Sacrament, 2728; contrition the first act of the

penitent, 2729; valid and fruitful reception of the Sacrament of

Penance, 2734; resolution of amendment, 2736; confession, second act

of penitent, 2737; qualities of confession, 2738; gravity of lying

to confessor, 2739; integral confession, 2740; material and formal

completeness, 2740 a, b; moral species of sin must be confessed, 2741

a; number of sins must be given, 2741 b; circumstances that change

the species must be declared, 2741 c; external act that completed an

internal sin must be declared, 2741 d; circumstances that notably

aggravate a sin without changing its species, 2742 a; external effects

of a sin must be confessed, 2742 b; uncertain sins must be confessed,

2742 c; when material integrity is not necessary, 2743; completion

or repetition of past incomplete Confessions, 2744; when a general

Confession should be made, 2744 c; satisfaction, the third act of the

penitent, 2745; effects of actual satisfaction, 2746; conditions for

effective satisfaction, 2747; obligation of accepting and performing

a penance, 2748; causes that excuse from a penance imposed, 2749;

requirements in the minister for valid absolution, 2750; power of

jurisdiction, 2751; when the Church supplies jurisdiction (cases of

common error and of uncertainty of law or fact), 2752; limitation

of jurisdiction, 2753; reserved sins, 2753 a; reserved persons,

2753 b; absolution from reserved cases, 2754; absolution given by

one not possessed of jurisdiction, 2755; duties of confessor before

confession, 2756; duties of confessor as judge in hearing the case,

2757; duties of confessor in deciding about cases, 2758; duties of

confessor in passing sentence, 2759; penitents to whom absolution

should be denied, 2760; backsliders (recidivists), 2760 c; obligation,

quality and quantity of sacramental penance, 2761; duties of the

confessor as spiritual physician, 2762; duties of the confessor as

teacher and guide, 2763; spiritual direction, 2764 b; duties of the

confessor after confession, 2764; Probabilism or epieikeia may not be

applied to sacramental seal, 2764 a; attitude of confessor to tempted

and afflicted, 2762 b; attitude to scrupulous, 2762 b; treatment of

sick and dying, 2762 b; attitude towards the pious, 2762 b; attitude

towards the hardened sinner, 2762 b; manner of repairing defects made

in hearing a confession, 2765; excuses from duty of repairing mistakes,

2766; obligation of seal of confession, 2767; sins against the seal of

confession, 2768; special abuses to which confession is exposed, 2769;

danger of defamation, 2769 a; danger of impurity, 2769 b; _absolutio

complicis_, 2770; _effectus legis de absolutione complicis_, 2771;

_sollicitatio in confessione_, 2772; _denuntiatio sollicitantis_, 2773.

Perception, 1637 b.

Pessimism, defective judgment, 1731 f.

Philanthropy, as distinguished from almsgiving, 1219.

Philosophy, use in Moral Theology. 11, 12.

Phrenology, form of divination, 2285 b.

Physicians, duties of, 2651 c.

Physiognomy, divination by, 2285 b.

Pictures, when obscene, 1456 a.

Piety, Gift of the Holy Ghost, 160 b; a potential part of justice,

2142 b; various senses of, 2345; definition of virtue of piety, 2346;

reverence required by piety, 2347; assistance required by piety, 2348;

sins against piety, 2349; malice of sins against piety, 2350; Gift of

Piety directed to Our Father in Heaven, 2433 a.

Plants, when they may be occupied, 1873 b.

Plays, when obscene, 1456 c; formal cooperation with evil plays, 1531;

material cooperation with, 1532.

Pleasures, Sensible, and temperance, 2461 b.

Pleasures, Spiritual, and temperance, 2461 b.

Pledge, 1749 d.

Pollution, see Impurity.

Pope, authentic interpreter of all ecclesiastical laws, 486; three ways

of rejecting papal decisions, 1369.

Positive Method, in Moral Theology, 13.

Possessors, Unlawful, three kinds of, 1770 sqq.; obligations in

reference to the property and its fruits, 1771 sqq.

Poverty, vow and virtue, 2612 a.

Power of Jurisdiction, and dominative power, 2356.

Practicality, 1645.

Praise of God, 2269; internal and external praise of God, 2270;

excellence of praise of God, 2271; qualities that should be present in

the divine praises, 2272.

Prayer, definition, 2153; the psychology of prayer, 2154; the necessity

of prayer, 2155; a duty for all adults, 2156; times and frequency

of prayer, 2157; corollaries about prayer and confession, 2158; to

whom prayer may be offered, 2159; persons for whom prayer is offered,

2160; things that may be prayed for, 2161; qualities of prayer, 2162;

confidence requisite for successful prayer, 2163; attention and

intention in prayer, 2164; actual, virtual and habitual intention in

prayer, 2165 a, b, c; internal or external, verbal or superficial,

literal, spiritual, perfect or imperfect attention in prayer, 2166;

acts that exclude external attention, 2167; when external attention is

sufficient, 2168; kind of internal attention required in prayer, 2169;

distractions in prayer, 2170; voluntary and involuntary distractions,

2171; sinfulness of distraction in prayer, 2172; distractions during

Divine Office, 2174.

Precepts, axiomatic and inferred, 300; general and particular, 301;

ecclesiastical, 515-519.

Precepts of the Church, First derived from natural and divine as well

as ecclesiastical law, 2575 a; affirmative and negative parts of First

Precept, 2576; how Mass must be heard, 2577; external and bodily

assistance, 2577 a; internal or mental assistance requires actual

or virtual intention of will, 2577 b; the necessary attention, 2577

b; time and place of Mass, 2578; servile works, 2579; forensic and

commercial labors forbidden, 2579 b; liberal works tolerated, 2580 b;

definition of common works, 2581 a; doubtful works, 2581 b; lawfulness

of hiring non-Catholics to do servile work, 2582; obligation of First

Precept, 2583; excuses from observance of First Precept, 2584; scope

of Second Precept, 2586; definition of flesh meat, 2586 a; broth and

condiments, 2586 c; obligation of Second Precept, 2587 21; exceptions

to the obligation, 2587 c; the obligation of fasting, 2588 sqq.; scope

of Third Precept, 2590; subject and matter of Third Precept, 2590 a;

time for fulfillment of Third Precept, 2590; origin and gravity of

Third Precept, 2591; scope of Fourth Precept, 2592; origin and gravity

of Fourth Precept, 2593 a; Fifth Precept, 2594; Sixth Precept of the

Church, 2594.

Prescription, title to private ownership, 1872 b; conditions for valid

prescription, 1875; may terminate the obligation of contract, 1889 b.

Presumption, sin of, 1075 sqq.; definition, 1078; objects of, 1079;

comparison with temptation of God and blasphemous hope, 1081; malice

of, 1082; gravity compared with other sins, 1083; presumption and

unbelief, 1084; presumption takes away virtue of hope, 1085; causes of,

1091; vice against greatness of soul, 2450 a.

Presumption of a Pact, 652.

Pretence, see Simulation.

Price, just and unjust, see Fraud.

Pride, as origin of discord, 1354; origin of contention, 1362; cause of

contumely, 2017 a; definition of pride, 2557; acts of pride, 2558 a;

sinfulness of pride, 2559 a; pride compared with other sins, 2560 n;

pride mother of the seven capital sins, 2560 c.

Principles, first and secondary, 300 a; reflex, see Reflex Principles.

Prison, escape from, lawfulness, 1982 b.

Prisoners, treatment during war, 1412, 1417.

Privilege, Pauline, see Matrimony, Sacrament of.

Privileges, 521 sqq.; definition, 521; wide and strict interpretation

of, 522; obligation to accept and use, 523.

Probabiliorism, see Systems, Moral.

Probability, intrinsic signs of, 665 a; extrinsic signs of, 665 b;

kinds of, 703; of law, 711 a; of fact, 711 b, 712.

Probabilism, see Systems, Moral.

Prodigality, a vice opposed to liberality, 2427; sinfulness, 2428;

comparison of avarice and prodigality, 2429.

Promotion of Undeserving Candidates, 1758.

Profession of Faith, commandment of, 938 sqq. See Faith.

Propensities, Natural, effect on voluntariness of acts, 54.

Property, Private, chief ways in which it may be occupied, 1873; when

lost property may be occupied, 1873 d; conversion of property against

the wishes of owner, 1891 b; conversion of property, 1891.

Propriety, integral part of temperance, 2405 b; propriety of external

acts, 2512.

Protestantism, 822 e.

Providence, 1638 b.

Prudence, 146, 150; ranked first among cardinal virtues, 1626;

definition of prudence, 1627; one of the two practical virtues of

intellect, 1627 a; inferior to the Gift of Wisdom, 1627 b; objects of

act of prudence, 1628 a; prudence concerned with application of truths

and first principles of morality to contingent and particular cases,

1628 b; formal object of prudence, 1629 a; material object, 1629 a;

prudence needs certitude, 1630; relation of prudence to the other moral

virtues, 1631 a; prudence rules the inferior virtues and serves the

superior, 1632; prudence and the intellectual virtues, 1632 a; prudence

and the theological virtues, 1632 b; the exercise of prudence, 1633;

the three acts of prudence, deliberation, decision, direction, 1633;

qualities of prudence, 1634; moral, integral, subjective, potestative

parts of prudence, 1635, 1636; integral parts of prudence, 1637;

prudence knows how to reason correctly, 1638 a; subjective parts of

prudence, 1639; individual prudence, 1639 a, 1644 a; social prudence,

1639 b; political prudence, 1640 a, 1644 c, 1648; domestic prudence,

1640 b, 1644 b, 1650; governmental prudence, 1642 a; military prudence,

1642 b, 1644 d; utility of prudence for society, 1643; potential parts

of prudence, 1646; persons who possess prudence, 1648; evil prudence,

1651 a; imperfect prudence, 1651; indifferent prudence, 1651 b; good

prudence, 1651 c; infused prudence, 1654 a; prudence in young people,

1655 a; formed habit of prudence, 1655 a; prudence a duty of superior,

2635 a; formative prudence, 1655 b.

Puberty, Age of, 433.

Punishment, eternal and temporal, 280.

Punishment, Capital, lawfulness of, 1820; when it should not be

imposed, 1821; unlawful killing of offenders, 1823 a.

Punishments, Bodily, 1870.

Punitive Sterilization, 1869 b.

Purity, Virtue of, 2486; definition, 2486; definition of chastity, 2486

a; definition of decency, 2486 b. See also Virginity; Impurity.

Purpose, Wrong, may make venial sin mortal, 191; or mortal venial, 195.

Pusillanimity, 1084; as incentive to envy, 1330; vice against greatness

of soul, 2451 a.

Pyromancy, form of divination, 2284 c.

Pythian Sisters, Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.

Pythonism, form of divination, 2284 b.

Quickness, 1637 b.

Rancor, caused by sloth, 1324.

Rape, 2529.

Rash Opinion, 1733. See also Judgment, Rash.

Rationalism, 847.

Reason, Age of, 433.

Reason, Natural, use in Moral Theology, 11; as subject of sin, 231.

Reading, Dangerous, 849 sqq.; forbidden by natural and ecclesiastical

law, 850.

Rebeccas, Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.

Rebellion, not schism, 1364.

Recoupment, definition of, 1927 a.

Reflex Principles, for solution of doubts, 657 sqq.; may supply

indirect certitude, 652 b.

_Regulae pro confessariis de licitis et illicitis, in conjugio_, 2625.

Relationships, various kinds, 1175.

Relatives, order of charity among, 1176 sqq.; duties of near, 2634.

Relaxation, as virtue, 2567 a, b; sins opposed to moderate enjoyment,

2568 a.

Religion, Virtue of, regarded by some as superior to justice, 1717

a; a potential part of justice, 2142 a; definition of the virtue,

2145; religion as a moral virtue, 2146; superiority of religion as a

virtue, 2147; necessity of the acts of religion, 2148; internal acts

of religion, 2149; definition of devotion, 2150; external and internal

causes of devotion, 2152; external acts of religion, 2175; definition

of adoration, 2176; difference between _latria_ and _hyperdulia_ and

_dulia_, 2671 b; difference between _latria_ and civil homage, 2176

b; unity and variety of adoration, 2177; definition of sacrifice,

2178; essentials of sacrifice, 2179; obligation of sacrifice, 2180;

exemptions from sacrifice based on the natural law, 2181; sacrifice

compared with the other acts of religion, 2182; goods unsuitable as

offerings to God, 2184; contributions to religion, 2185; obligation

of contributing to the support of the clergy, 2186; quality of the

obligation of contributing to the Church, 2188; priest’s attitude

towards persons refusing to contribute, 2189; those to whom religious

contributions are due, 2190; external acts of religion in honor of God,

2244.

Religion, Sins against, 2273; superstition, 2274; false worship, 2274

a; superfluous worship, 2274 b; sinfulness of improper worship of God,

2275; worship of false deity, 2276; definition of idolatry, 2277;

kinds of idolatry, 2278; sinfulness of idolatry, 2279; comparison

of different sins of idolatry, 2280; idolatry possible in Christian

worship, 2281; definition of divination, 2282; distinction between the

fact and sin of divination, 2283; forms of explicit invocation, 2284;

forms of implicit invocation, 2285; malice of the sin of divination,

2286; when knowledge is obtained from God, 2287; when knowledge

is obtained through natural causes, 2288; use of lots, 2289; vain

observance, 2290; forms of vain observance, 2291; distinction between

fact and sin of vain observance, 2293; superstition in religious

observances, 2294; sinfulness of vain observance, 2295; cooperation in

divination or other form of superstition, 2296; doubtful cases of vain

observance, 2297; licitness of using doubtfully superstitious means,

2298; irreligiousness, 2299; temptation of God, 2300; cases wherein

there is no temptation of God, 2301; kinds of temptation of God, 2302;

causes that exclude the interpretative temptation of God, 2303; refusal

of medicine or hygienic care, 2304; sinfulness of temptation of God,

2305; malice of temptation of God, 2306. See also Sacrilege; Simony.

Religious, special duties of, 2611; perfection of charity, 2611 a;

evangelical counsels, 2611 b; obligation of the three principal vows,

2612 a.

Remorse of Conscience, penalty of sin, 279.

Repentance, Virtue of, 2718; character of repentance, 2720; excellence,

2721; dignity, 2721 a; necessity, 2721 b; repentance as a means and as

a precept, 2722; accompaniments of repentance, 2724; fruits of, 2725;

restores infused virtues and former merits, 2725 c; removes every sin,

2725 a.

Reproach, definition, 2012 b.

Reprisals, in war, 1417.

Reputation, when charity requires one to seek good reputation, 1575;

when sacrifice of reputation is lawful and unlawful, 1576; when

self-detraction is lawful, 1577; definition of good, true, false,

ordinary and extraordinary reputation, 2034 a-c; right to good

reputation, 2035; right to true and false reputation, 2037; meaning of

the expression “infamous in a certain place,” 2051; rights that have

precedence over a false reputation, 2068; unlawful attack on another’s

false reputation, 2069; conditions that justify revelation of another’s

defects, 2070; revelations about public officials or candidates for

public office, 2071. See also Defamation.

Rescripts, 520.

Reservation, strict and broad mental reservation in an oath, 2251. See

also Lying.

Resident, definition, 437; when subject to laws, 438.

Restitution, distinct from payment, restoration and satisfaction,

1751; difference between satisfaction and restitution, 1752; when

restitution is due, 1753; confessor’s duties regarding the obligation

of restitution, 1760; roots of restitution, 1762; when unjust damage

obliges to restitution, 1763; restitution for damages that are

only venially sinful but seriously harmful, 1765; for damages only

juridically culpable, 1766; for careless discharge of fiduciary

duties, 1768; restitution when culpability seems doubtful, 1769;

cooperators and restitution, 1778; circumstances of restitution, 1781;

restitution _in solidum_ or _pro rata_, 1783; order of restitution

among cooperators, 1784; person to whom restitution must be made, 1786;

creditors with right _in re_ have preference over creditors with right

_ad rem_, 1787; “thing” to be restored, 1789; “amount” of restitution

in certain cases, 1790; “manner” of making restitution, 1791; second

restitution, 1792; “time” when restitution must be made, 1793; unjust

refusal to make restitution, 1794; “place” where restitution must be

made, 1795, 1796; causes that excuse temporarily from restitution,

1797; causes that excuse permanently from restitution, 1798; excuse

from restitution on account of doubtfulness of obligation, 1800;

restitution for frustration of another’s good, 1802 a; restitution for

injury done to goods of fortune, 1802 b; restitution for injury done

to goods of body or personal goods, 1802 c; restitution for unjust

homicide or mutilation, 1803; restitution for fornication or adultery,

1803 b; restitution for injuries of soul, 1803 c; restitution for

occupied goods, 1922; restitution of bribes, etc., 1946 c; restitution

for jail-breaking, 1983; obligation of witness to make restitution,

1992; when a lawyer is bound to restitution, 2008; restitution for

contumely, 2021 sqq.; cessation of obligation of restitution for

contumely, 2026; restitution for defamation, 2085 sqq.; restitution

of temporal price received for spiritual thing, 2340; restitution of

temporal price received for temporal things annexed to spirituals,

2341; circumstances of restitution for simony, 2342; restitution of

spiritual thing simoniacally received, 2343; restitution necessitated

by breach of promise to marry, 2628 d; restitution for theft. See also

Compensation.

Restraint, definition, 1866 d.

Revelations, private, 757.

Reverence, potential part of justice, 2142 c; definition of virtue,

2351; species of honor, 2352; obligation of religious cult of _dulia_,

2354.

Revilement, definition, 2012 b.

Rights, precedence in case of collision, 292.

Robbery, comparison with theft, 1892 a; kinds of theft and robbery,

1893 a; what constitutes grave matter in robbery, 1896. See also Theft;

Injustice.

Rubrics, directive and preceptive, in administration of the Sacraments,

2669 c.

Rudeness, vice opposite to modesty, 2566 b.

Sacraments, of Old Testament, 339; denial of Christian Sacraments in

cases of scandal, 1493; nature of Sacrament, 2654; outward sign, 2654

a; instituter of Sacraments, 2654 b; purpose of Sacraments, 2654 c;

Sacraments of the Dead and of the Living, 2654 c; indelible character

of some Sacraments, 2654 c; matter and form of the Sacraments, 2655;

substantial changes in matter or form, 2655 a; substantial separations

of matter and form, 2655 b; simultaneity of matter and form, 2656;

accidental changes or separations of matter and form, 2658; substantial

changes or separations, 2659; doubtful matter, 2660; Sacraments that

have a necessity of means, 2661; reception of Sacraments _in re_ or

_in voto_, 2662; Sacraments that have a necessity of precept, 2663;

twofold ministry of the Sacraments (production and bestowal), 2664;

requirements in the minister for valid performance of Sacrament, 2665;

necessary intention, 2666; virtual, actual, habitual and interpretative

intention, 2666 b; rules on plurality of intentions, 2667; requisites

for use of conditional intention, 2668; lawful administration of

Sacraments, 2669; minister’s worthiness before God, 2669 a; minister’s

worthiness before Church, 2669 b; worthiness of ministration, 2669 c;

directive and preceptive rubrics, 2669 c; explanation of ceremonies

advised, 2669 c; multiplication of sins by unworthy administration,

2670; requirements for valid Sacrament in recipient, 2671; qualities of

recipient’s intention, 2672; neutral intention, 2672 b; when virtual

intention is necessary, 2673; when habitual and explicit intention

suffices, 2674 b; when habitual and implicit intention suffices, 2674

b; requirements for lawful or fruitful reception of Sacrament by adult,

2675; obligation of minister to confer Sacraments, 2676; obligation of

pastor to confer Sacraments, 2676 a; when minister is bound to deny

them, 2677; administration to unworthy persons, 2678; simulation and

dissimulation of Sacrament, 2680; administration of Penance and Extreme

Unction to heretics and schismatics, 2681; repetition of Sacrament on

account of invalid administration, 2682; reception of Sacrament from

unworthy minister, 2683; forgiveness of sin through use of Sacraments,

2726.

Sacrament, Blessed, see Eucharist, Holy.

Sacramentals, definition, 2684; necessity and use, 2684 a, b.

Sacrifice, see Religion, Virtue of.

Sacrilege, definition, 2308; violation of what kind of consecration

involves sacrilege? 2309; is sacrilege a special sin? 2310; species

of sacrilege, 2311; personal sacrilege, 2311 a; local sacrilege,

2311 b; desecration, a form of sacrilege, 2311 b; profanation, a

form of sacrilege, 2311 b; real sacrilege, 2311 c; special cases

regarding local sacrilege, 2312; cases wherein there is no sacrilege,

2313; sacredness as aggravating circumstance of sin, 2314; malice of

sacrilege, 2315; conditions that govern gravity of sacrilege, 2316;

carnal sacrilege, 2533; personal sacrilege, 2533 c; local sacrilege,

2533 d; real sacrilege, 2533 e.

Sadness, concupiscible passion, 119.

Sapphism, form of impurity, 2534 c.

Satisfaction, for sin, 283. See also Penance, Sacrament of.

Scandal, various uses of word, 1445-46; definition, 1447; causes of,

1448; directly intentional (diabolical) and indirectly intentional,

1450; active and passive, 1453; acts that give scandal, 1454; obscenity

(q.v.), 1455 sqq.; results of scandal, 1459; scandal resembles

solicitation and complicity, 1460; persons apt to be scandalized,

1461; scandal given and scandal taken, 1464; Pharisaic scandal and

“scandal of little ones,” 1464 b; sinfulness, 1465; is scandal a

distinct species of sin? 1466; how scandal should be confessed, 1467;

responsibility of scandalizer for injuries to third parties, 1470-71;

gravity of sin, 1472; is any person immune from scandal? 1475; duty of

avoiding, 1477; scandal of the weak forbidden by the natural law, 1479;

surrender of temporal goods to avoid scandal, 1483; surrender of Church

goods to avoid scandal, 1486-87; duty of repairing scandal, 1488; ways

of repairing, 1489; public and private scandal, 1490 a; ordinary and

extraordinary, 1490 b; denial of Sacraments in cases of scandal, 1493;

prohibition against, 1552.

Schism, books in favor of, forbidden, 855 b; definition, 1364;

principal schismatic movements, 1365; directly and indirectly voluntary

schism, 1366; schism committed in two ways, 1368; three ways of

rejecting decisions of Pope, 1369; schism compared with heresy, 1370;

opposition between schism and charity, 1371; greatest sin against

neighbor, 1372 a; not so serious as unbelief, 1372 b; formal and

material schism, 1373.

Schismatics, spiritual powers of, 1374.

Scholastic Method, in Moral Theology, 13.

Schools, Dangerous, 867 sqq.; sectarian and neutral, 867; absolution of

parents of children attending, 872; Catholic teachers in non-Catholic

schools, 874.

Sciences, Natural, use in Moral Theology, 12.

Scripture, as Source of Moral Theology, 7.

Scrupulous, see Conscience.

Seal of Confession, see Penance, Sacrament of.

Second Sight, 2285 a.

Secret, violation of (infidelity), 2407; definition of a secret, 2408;

natural, promised, entrusted or committed secret, 2408; sinfulness of

violating secret, 2409; prying into others’ secrets, 2410; reading

another’s letters or papers, 2411; lawfulness of utilizing knowledge

of secret, 2412; sin committed by stealing or unduly using secret

of another, 2413; obligation of keeping secret, 2414; comparison

of secrets as regards binding force, 2415; cases wherein it is not

necessary to keep secret, 2416; cases wherein it is not lawful to keep

secret, 2417; lawfulness of revealing secret learned by stealth or

force, 2420.

Sedition, definition, 1440; distinct species of sin, 1441; resistance

to tyrannical government not sinful, 1443.

Seduction, 1495 sqq.; definition, 1496; malice, 1497; differs from mere

permission to sin, 1500; sinful request, 1501; advice to commit evil,

1502; prearrangement of circumstances that lead to sin, 1504.

Self-Abuse, form of impurity, 2534 a.

Self-Beautification, morality of, 2570.

Self-Defamation, sin opposed to charity, 2028 e.

Self-Defense, Right of, 1826; conditions for exercise of this right,

1826 a; self-defense must be moderate, 1833; when it is obligatory,

1836; when it is not obligatory, 1837; defense of neighbor’s life

against unjust aggressor, 1838; defense of material goods against

unjust aggressor, 1840; defense of bodily purity against an unjust

aggressor, 1841; defense of bodily integrity against an unjust

aggrossor, 1842; defense of honor or reputation, 1843.

Self-Depreciation, form of lying, 2406.

Self-Glorification, form of lying, 2406.

Self-Love, commandment of, 1561; understood in many senses, 1561;

sinful, natural and supernatural, 1136; charity demands an elicited

supernatural self-love, 1562; demands pursuit of all goods necessary

for attainment of happiness, 1563; care of the mind, 1564; neglect of

education sinful, 1565; care of the body and health, 1566; care as to

food and drink, 1567; fresh air, rest, physical exercise, 1568-1573;

pursuit of honors and good name, 1574-1575; when self-detraction is

lawful, 1577; dislike of self, 1305, 1307; may one wish evil to self?

1308.

Self-Starvation, sin opposed to abstemiousness, 2470 a.

Seminaries, courses of theology must follow St. Thomas Aquinas, 10.

Sensuality, 232, 117 sqq.; compared with impurity, 2492 a.

Sentence, Judicial, when it may be resisted, 1982 c; moral obligation

when this is certainly just, 1959; moral obligation when this is

certainly unjust, 1960.

Separation, see Matrimony, Sacrament of.

Servility, vice opposite to modesty, 2566 b.

Set-off, definition, 1927 a.

Shamefacedness, integral part of temperance, 2465 b.

Shintoism, 822 a.

Simony, origin of name, 2317; definition, 2318; temporal price in

simony, 2319; spiritual thing in simony, 2320; temporal thing united

with spiritual, 2321; temporal thing annexed to spiritual, 2322;

various kinds of simony, 2323; confidential simony, 2324; simony

against divine law, 2325; rules of Alexander III for determining

simony, 2327; simony against divine law in reference to things annexed

to spirituals, 2328; simony against ecclesiastical law, 2329; certain

and uncertain simony, 2330; doubtful cases of simony, 2331; cases

in which transaction is not simoniacal, 2332; theological malice of

simony; 2335; moral malice of simony, 2336; invalidity and penalties

of simoniacal contracts, 2337; canonical penalties for simony, 2338;

influence of simony on spiritual effects, 2339; restitution of temporal

price received for spiritual thing, 2340; restitution of temporal price

received for temporal things annexed to spirituals, 2341; circumstances

of restitution for simony, 2342; restitution of spiritual thing

simoniacally received, 2343.

Simulation, form of lying, 2391 b; definition, 2403; sinfulness of

simulation, 2404. See also Hypocrisy.

Sin, definition, 167; spiritual and carnal, 168 a, 224 sqq.; against

God, neighbor or self, 168 h; mortal and venial, 168 c, 169; of

commission or omission, 168 d; stages of (heart, mouth, work), 168 e;

by excess or defect, 168 f; original and actual, 168 g; when matter

of sin is grave, 171-172; advertence and consent conditions of mortal

sin, 174 sqq.; mortal, condition of, 169 sqq.; venial, definition, 180;

conditions, 181 sqq.; when imperfections become a sin, 186; when venial

sin becomes mortal, 187-189; coalescence of, 189; multiplication of,

190; possible effect of wrong purpose, circumstances and harm foreseen,

191 sqq,; when mortal sin becomes venial, 194 sqq,; causes of sin,

246; effect of ignorance, passion and malice on, 249; external causes

of, 252; distinct from temptation, 253; proximate and remote danger

of, 258; possibility of, 259; guilt of one who exposes himself to sin,

2150; occasions of (proximate or remote, necessary or free, present or

absent), 263 sqq.; motives of, 268 sqq.; results and penalties of, 272

sqq.; original and actual, 272 sqq.; stain of, 276; every sin removed

by repentance, 2725 a; forgiveness of sin through the use of the

Sacraments, 2726. See also Sins.

Sincerity, see Truthfulness.

Sinners, charity for, 1142; association with, 1145; friendship with,

1146.

Sins, theological and moral species, 197; specific distinction,

198; numerical multiplication, 197, 202 sqq.; rules of numerical

distinction, 207 sqq.; comparison of, 220; sins against God, 227;

against creatures, 228; subjects of (sensitive appetites, reason,

will), 230 sqq,; sins of sensuality, 232; sins of thought, 233 sqq.;

sins of desire, 237 sqq.; material (or objective) and formal (or

subjective), 248; sins of weakness, ignorance and malice, 250. See also

Sin.

Slander, definition, 2030 d. See also Defamation.

Sloth, 269; spiritual, 1064, capital sin, 1320 sqq.; definition, 1320;

sinfulness, 1321; qualities of sin, 1322; sins that spring from sloth,

1324; conquest of sloth, 1325; prohibition against, 1552.

Sluggishness, sin opposed to diligence, 1326 b.

Sobriety, subjective part of temperance, 2465 a; definition, 2474;

obligation to practise sobriety, 2475; sins against sobriety, 2476 a;

morality of total abstinence, 2478 a; licit use of narcotics, 2485. See

also Drunkenness.

Societies, Forbidden, 945 sqq.; forbidden by Code, 946; absolution of

members, 949.

Sodomy, form of impurity, 2534 c.

Softness, 2534 a.

Solicitation, resemblance to scandal, 1460 a. See Seduction.

Sons of Temperance, Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.

Soul, First and Second Motions of the, 129.

Sortilege, form of divination, 2285 d.

Speculation, Sinful, 1879 f.

Spiritism, 823 b; sin against religion, 2284 b.

Sponsors, see Baptism, Sacrament of; Confirmation, Sacrament of.

Stain of Sin, 276.

State of Life, Duties of, knowledge of obligatory, 920.

Statesmanship, 1642 a, 1649 a.

States of Man, Four Historical, 331.

Steadfastness, act of fortitude, 2447 b.

Sterilization, morality of, 1869 a.

Stiffness, vice opposite to modesty, 2566 b.

Stipends, Mass, institution of, 2185 b. See also Mass, Sacrifice of the.

Stocks, purchase by clerics, 2605 a.

Stocks and Bonds, 1749 b.

Stolidity, vice opposed to patience, 2455.

Stranger, definition, 437; when subject to laws, 439-446.

Students, duties of, 2651 b.

Studiosity, potential part of temperance, 2465 c; definition of

studiousness, 2562; vices opposed to studiousness, 2563 a; malice

of the sins against studiousness, 2564 a; negligence, a sin against

studiousness, 2564 b.

Subjects, duties to domestic and civil superiors, 2636.

Suffrage, Power of, 1649 b. See also Voting.

Suicide, books in favor of, forbidden, 855 b; voluntary and

involuntary, direct and indirect, 1852 a; sinfulness of suicide, 1854;

cooperation in suicide, 1855; authorization to commit suicide, 1856;

when indirect suicide is lawful, 1857, 1858; when indirect suicide

is unlawful, 1859; is it suicidal to refuse s necessary surgical

operation? 1860; canonical penalties for suicide, 1861 a.

Sunday, Sanctification of, see Precepts of the Church.

Superfluities, from which alms must be given, 1227-1229.

Superior, Clerical, duties of, 2606 a; special duties to flock, 2607 a.

Superiors, Domestic and Civil, duties of, 2635. See also Employers;

Subjects.

Superstition, see Religion, Sins against.

Surety, 1749 d.

Surgeons, duties of, 2651 c.

Surliness, sin against affability, 2423 b.

Syncretism, 823 b.

Synesis, part of judgment, 2432 d.

Synteresis, and Moral Theology, 2; directs the moral virtues, 1631 a.

Systems, Moral, 672 sqq.; Tutiorism, 672 a, 676 sqq.; Anti-tutiorism,

672 b; condemned by Church, 676; Laxism, 680 sqq.; condemned by Church,

681; Probabiliorism, 683 sqq.; Equiprobabilisrn, 688; Probabilism, 701

sqq.; Compensationism, 731 sqq.; practical conclusions, 739; respective

merits and use of the rival systems, 740; use by confessors, 741.

Tale-Bearing, definition, 2103; sinfulness, 2104; circumstances which

affect the species of tale-bearing, 2105.

Taoism, 822 a.

Taunting, form of contumely, definition, 2012 b.

Taxes, definition, 2637; kinds of taxes, 2638; just taxes, 2639;

obligation to pay taxes, 2640 sqq.; obedience to tax laws, 2642.

Teachers, duties of, 2651 b.

Telepathy, and the virtue of religion, 2285 a.

Temperance, 150; golden mean in, 154 a, 157 b; differs from patience,

2453 a; definition of temperance, 2461; temperance and sensible

pleasures, 2461 b; temperance and spiritual pleasures, 2461 b; rule

of moderation, 2462; excellence of temperance, 2463; vices opposed to

temperance, 2464; subjective parts of temperance, 2465 a; potential

parts of temperance, 2465 c; integral parts of temperance, 2465 b;

sobriety, 2476 sqq.; continence, 2544; incontinence, 2544 c; sinful

indulgence, 2550; complements of the virtue of temperance, 2571 a;

commandments of temperance, 2572 a.

Temptation, not a sin, 253; implicit or explicit, internal or

external, direct or indirect, virtual or actual resistance to, 255;

rules regarding resistance to, 256; exterior and interior temptations

to impurity, 2497; resistance to internal temptations, 2498; what

opposition to temptation is sufficient, 2499; insufficient, harmful and

unnecessary opposition, 2500; weapons against carnal temptations, 2501;

negligence in resisting temptations, 2508.

Temptation of God, see Religion, Sins against.

Tepidity, consequence of sloth, 1327.

Testament, New, see New Testament.

Testament, Old, see Old Testament.

Testimony, see Witness.

Theft, sin of injustice, 1872; definition of theft, 1890; plagiarism

is form of theft, 1890 c; copyright infringement, a form of theft,

1890 c; kidnapping, a form of theft, 1890 c; comparison of theft and

robbery, 1892 a; kinds of theft, 1893 a; sinfulness of theft, 1894

a; grave matter in theft of sacred objects, 1901; grave matter in

domestic theft, 1903 a; theft by wife or minor child, 1904 a; theft

by employees, 1905 a; theft of things about whose loss owner is less

concerned, 1906 a; travelling without paying fare, 1907; when small

thefts amount to grave matter, 1908 sqq.; moral connection between

repeated acts of theft, 1912; interval of time between acts of theft,

1913; theft from joint owners, 1917; restitution in cases of theft,

1918 a; cases of doubt as to grave matter, 1919 a; occult compensation,

1920 b; when conversion of others’ property is permissible, 1920;

conditions for lawful occupation of others’ goods, 1921 a; restitution

for occupied goods, 1922; occupation in case of merely grave necessity,

1923; occupation of large sum by one in dire need, 1924 a; lawfulness

of receiving support from thief, 1926; compensation for theft, see

Compensation; condonation of domestic thefts, 1799.

Theologians, as source of Moral Theology, 10.

Theological Virtues, 151; golden mean in, 154 c; rank among virtues,

156. See Faith, Hope and Charity.

Theology, Ascetical and Mystical, 2573.

Theology, Moral, definition, 1; relation to Dogmatic Theology, 3.

Theosophical Societies, forbidden by Church, 946 b.

Theosophy, 823 b.

Third Orders, Secular, 955 a.

Thomas Aquinas, Saint, as source of Moral Theology, 10; arrangement of

Moral Theology, 17; opinion on obligation of judge when evidence is

contrary to his personal knowledge, 1951 c.

Thought, Sins of, 233 sqq.

Thoughts, Impure, see Impurity.

Thoughts, Sinful, 234.

Timidity, sin against fortitude, 2446 b.

Trading, definition, 2134; morality of trading in the strict sense,

2135; trading forbidden to clerics, 2604 a.

Tradition, 8; divine, Apostolic, ecclesiastical, 9.

Treasure Trove, when it may be occupied, 1873 c.

Tribadism, form of impurity, 2534 c.

Truth, necessary quality of lawful oath, 2249 b. See also Truthfulness;

Lying.

Truthfulness, 2143 a; definition of virtue, 2385; excellence, 2386;

sincerity and fidelity, 2387; vices opposed to truthfulness, 2388. See

also Lying.

Truths, Natural and Supernatural, to which assent must be given, 784.

Tutiorism, see Systems, Moral.

Tyrannicide, lawfulness of, 1824 a.

Unbelief, Sin of, negative and positive, 813; ordinary and apostasy,

814; direct and indirect, 815-816; non-assent, 817; dissent (private

and contrary unbelief), 818; infidelity, 822 a; order of gravity in

unbelief, 824; dangers which lead to external expression of unbelief,

944 sqq. See also Heresy; Apostasy.

Unction, Extreme, Sacrament of, 2774; remote matter, 2774 a; proximate

matter, 2774 b; form, 2774 c; recipient, 2774 d; minister, 2774 e;

effects of, 2774 f; special duties of recipient, 2775 a; special duties

of minister, 2775 b; special duties of pastor, 2775 c; special duties

of faithful, 2775 d.

Understanding, integral part of prudence, 1637 a.

Understanding, Gift of, 160 a; given to perfect theological virtues,

808.

Unity of the Church, threefold, 1367.

Uranism, form of impurity, 2534 c.

Use, act of will, 59.

Usury, definition, 2136.

_Vagus_, definition, 437; when subject to laws, 438.

Vainglory, as origin of discord, 1354; origin of contention, 1362.

Vanity, vice against greatness of soul, 2450 c.

Vengeance, definition, 2381; morality of vengeance, 2382; excess and

defect in vengeance, 2383; circumstances of vengeance, 2384.

Viaticum, see Communion, Holy.

Vice, definition, 167; and sin, see Sin.

Vices, Capital, Seven, 269 sqq.

Vindication, virtue, 2143 a. See also Vengeance.

Violence, invalidates consent to contract, 1884 d. See also Coercion.

Virginity, definition, 2488; loss of virginity, 2489; conditions

necessary for virtue of virginity, 2490 a; excellence of virginity,

2491 a.

Virtue, subjective parts, 1639 h, 1745; integral parts, 1637, 2139;

potential parts, 1646, 2141; parts, 1635, 1636, 2447, 2465.

Virtues, definition, 142; division, 143; practical intellectual,

146-148; moral, definition, 149; four cardinal virtues, 150;

theological, 151; three causes of virtues (nature, practice and

infusion), 152; inchoative and perfected, 152; properties of, 153;

golden mean in, 154 b; rank among virtues, 156-157; in the blessed,

158; complements of, 159; properties of seven infused virtues, 745;

order of theological virtues, 746; priority of a virtue in duration,

by nature, and in excellence, 1028. See also Faith; Hope; Charity;

Cardinal Virtues; Act, virtuous.

Vision, Beatific, relation to charity, 1116.

Vocation, internal, 2597; external, 2597 b; vocation to the clerical

state, 2597 a; sinfulness of disregarding vocation, 2598 a.

Volksverein, 955 b.

Voting, duty of exercising the electoral franchise, 2643; manner of

voting, 2644; obligation to seek office, 2645.

Vow, definition, 2191; personal, real and mixed vows, 2192; singular

and common vows, 2192 b; temporary and perpetual vows, 2192 c; absolute

and conditional vows, 2192 d; penal and non-penal vows, 2192 d;

explicit and implicit vows, 2192 e; determinate and disjunctive vows,

2192 e; private and public vows, 2192 f; simple and solemn vows, 2192

f; vows in Canon Law, 2193; distinction between solemn and simple

vows, 2194; knowledge and deliberation necessary for valid vow, 2195;

freedom of will necessary for valid vow, 2196; cases in which fear does

not invalidate vow, 2197; vows of doubtful validity, 2198; intention

necessary for valid vow, 2199; matter of vow, 2200; vows that promise

something necessary, 2201; when fulfillment of vow is only partly

possible, 2202; vows that promise something displeasing to God, 2203;

vows that promise something indifferent, 2205; meaning of better good

in vow, 2206; vows invalidated by promise of lesser good, 2207; when

one has taken two opposite vows, 2208; obligation of vow, 2209; gravity

of obligation, 2210; rules for determining what is important matter in

vow, 2211; coalescence of light into grave matter in vow, 2212; delay

in fulfilling vow, 2214; time when vow obliges, 2213; person obliged

to fulfill a vow, 2215; manner of fulfilling vow, 2216; obligation of

certain kinds of vows, 2217; interpretation of doubtful vows, 2218;

advantages of vows to vowers, 2220; when good vow may be sinful, 2221;

merit of fulfilling vow that one regrets, 2222; persons who can make

vow, 2223; dependence of vower on will of another, 2224; validity of

vows made by subjects, 2225; cessation of vows, 2226; annulment of

vows, 2228; reason necessary for annulment of vow, 2229; differences

between direct and indirect annulment of vow, 2230; dispensation of

vow, 2231; reasons sufficient for dispensation, 2232; sinfulness of

unnecessary dispensation, 2233; persons who have power of dispensation,

2234; dispensation from religious vow of chastity, 2235; dispensation

from vow made for benefit of third party, 2236; commutation of vows,

2238; good works that may be substituted for vows, 2239; persons who

have authority to commute vow, 2240; cause required for commutation of

vow, 2241; reversion to original vow, 2242; duties of confessors in

reference to private vows, 2243; obligation of vow of obedience, 2364;

religious vows, obligation of the three principal vows, 2612 a.

Vulgarity, vice against greatness of deed, 2452 b.

Wagers, Sinful, 1879 c.

Waldensianism, 822 c.

War, definition, 1376; just and unjust, 1377; offensive and defensive,

1378; not against law of God, 1380; nor against law of nature, 1383;

three conditions for lawfulness, 1384; who may declare war? 1385; what

is just cause of war? 1386; sufficient causes, 1389 sqq.; insufficient

causes, 1393; when justice of cause is doubtful, 1394; can there be

justice on both sides? 1396; duties before beginning war, 1398-99;

duties during war, 1401 sqq.; lawful means of warfare, 1403; acts

of war and sacred times, 1405; and sacred places, 1406; and sacred

persons, 1407; combatants, non-combatants and neutrals, 1408; killing

or wounding of combatants, 1409; of non-combatants, 1410; punishment of

military crimes, 1411; imprisonment and restraint of enemy subjects,

1412; destruction and seizure of property, 1413; booty and looting,

1414-1415; lawfulness of stratagems, 1416; of reprisals, 1417; duties

of victor, 1418; rights, 1419; obligation of victor whose cause was

unjust, 1420-21; indemnities, 1422; guarantees for future, 1424;

punishment for crimes committed during war, 1425; preparation for

future wars, 1426; preparation for peace, 1427.

Weakness, Sins of, 250 a.

Whispering, form of defamation, 2103 sqq.

Whoremongering, definition, 2526 b.

Wicliffism, 822 c.

Will, acts elicited or commanded by, 56-62; three acts of, 58; consent

of, condition of mortal sin, 174, 184, 196; as subject of sin, 231.

Will (Testament), definition, 1876; defects of a will, 1876.

Wisdom, intellectual virtue, 157 c.

Wisdom, Gift of, 160 a; corresponds with and serves charity, 1609;

nature of Gift, 1610; object of, 1610 d; in its cause, Wisdom belongs

to the will, 1611 a; in its essence, to the intellect, 1611 b; Wisdom

is both speculative and practical, 1612; practical uses of, 1613;

likeness to the other Gifts, 1614 a; difference from, 1614 b; persons

who possess Wisdom, 1615; differs from the “word of wisdom,” 1616 b;

varying degrees, 1617; exercise of Gift, 1618; corresponds to Seventh

Beatitude, 1619 a; and to certain Fruits, 1619 b; direction given by

Wisdom to human actions, 1620; sins opposed to Wisdom, 1621; false

wisdom, 1623.

Wish, as act of will, 58.

Witness, reliability of, 1984; obligation of freely appearing as

witness, 1985; obligation of appearing under lawful citation, 1986;

obligation to answer truthfully, 1987; witness and concealment of

facts, 1993; payment of witnesses, 1994; matters regarding which

witness should not testify, 1988; sinfulness of false testimony, 1990;

obligation of witness to make restitution, 1992; concealment of truth

in presenting case, 2006; sinfulness of introducing false or corrupted

documents, 2007.

Wives, see Matrimony, Sacrament of.

“Word of Wisdom,” 1616 b.

Words, Unjust, see Injustice.

Works of Mercy, seven corporal, 1221; seven spiritual, 1222.

Worship, False, communication in, 956 sqq.; cooperation in, 976 sqq.;

contributions to, 981; building of houses of false worship, 983. See

also Religion, Sins against.

Wounding, definition, 1866 b.

Writings, Forbidden, 861; when use allowed, 862; permission to read,

865; censures incurred through use, 866; formal cooperation with, 1529.

See Books and Reading, Dangerous.

Y.M.C.A., Society forbidden by Church, 946 b.

Young Men’s Institute. 955 b.

Zoroastrianism, 822 a.

Fear of the Lord, Gift of the Holy Ghost, 160 b; perfects hope, 1041;