GILHAM’S _rents_, the Folly, Dock head.†
GILTSPUR _street_, without Newgate.*
GINGERBREAD _alley_, 1. Holiwell lane. 2. Old Change, Cheapside.
GINGERBREAD _court_, 1. Lamb alley, Bishopsgate street. 2. Old Change.
GIRDLERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by Henry VI.
in the year 1449, and confirmed by Queen Elizabeth in 1568, when the
Pinners and Wiredrawers were incorporated with them.
This fraternity consists of a Master, three Wardens, twenty-four
Assistants, and seventy-seven Liverymen, who upon their admission pay
a fine of 10_l._ They have a convenient hall in Basinghall street.
GLASSENBURY _court_, Rose street, Covent Garden.
GLASSHOUSE _alley_, White Friars.☐
GLASSHOUSE _fields_, Cock hill, Ratcliff.☐
GLASSHOUSE _hill_, Well street.☐
GLASSHOUSE LIBERTY, a part of the parish of St. Botolph Aldersgate
street, situated in Goswell and Pickax streets, thus named from a
glasshouse which anciently stood there. There was formerly but one
government in the parish; but the poor of this liberty increasing
considerably, the city liberty ungenerously separated from them, and
obliged those in this district to maintain their own poor.
GLASSHOUSE _street_, Swallow street.☐
GLASSHOUSE _yard_, 1. Black Friars.† 2. Goodman’s fields.☐ 3. Old Barge
stairs.☐ 4. Old Bethlem.☐ 5. Pickax street.☐ 6. Red Maid lane.☐ 7.
Upper Ground.☐ 8. Well street.☐ 9. White Friars.☐ 10. White’s yard.☐
11. Willow street.☐
GLASS SELLERS, a company that were incorporated with the Looking-glass
makers by letters patent granted by King Charles II. in the year 1664,
by the title of _The Master, Wardens, Assistants and Commonalty of
Glass sellers of the city of London_.
This fraternity is governed by a Master, two Wardens, twenty-four
Assistants, and forty-four Liverymen, who on their admission pay a
fine of 5_l._ But they have no hall. _Maitland._
GLASS _yard_, Cut-throat lane.
GLAZIERS, a company incorporated with that of the glass painters, by a
charter granted by Charles I. in the year 1637.
They consist of a Master, two Wardens, twenty-one Assistants, and
ninety-one Liverymen, whose fine is 3_l._ Their hall being consumed in
the fire of London, has never yet been rebuilt. _Maitland._
GLAZIER’S _rents_, Fore street, Limehouse.
GLEAN _alley_, Tooley street.
GLOBE _alley_, 1. Deadman’s Place.* 2. Fish street hill.* 3. Narrow
street, Limehouse.* 4. Quaker street.* 5. In the Strand.* 6. Wapping.*
GLOBE _court_, 1. Seven Stars alley.* 2. Sheer lane.* 3. Shoe lane.*
GLOBE _island_, Rotherhith.
GLOBE _lane_, Mile-end road.*
GLOBE _stairs_, Rotherhith.*
GLOBE _stairs alley_, 1. Jamaica street.* 2. Rotherhith.*
GLOBE _yard_, 1. New Fish street hill.* 2. Old Bethlem.* 3. Schoolhouse
lane, Ratcliff.* 4. Wapping.*
GLOUCESTER _court_, 1. Beer lane. 2. Black Friars. 3. St. James’s
street. 4. Whitecross street, Cripplegate.
GLOUCESTER _street_, 1. Liquorpond street. 2. Queen’s square,
Bloomsbury.
GLOVERS, a company incorporated by letters patent granted by King
Charles I. in the year 1638.
This company is governed by a Master, four Wardens, thirty Assistants,
and a livery of 130 members, who upon their admission pay a fine of
5_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ They have a hall in Beech lane.
GLOVERS _court_, Beech lane.☐
GLOVERS _yard_, Beech lane.☐
GOAT _alley_, 1. St. Catharine’s lane.* 2. Ludgate hill.* 3. Upper
Ground, Southwark.* 4. Whitecross str. Cripplegate.*
GOAT INN _yard_, St. Margaret’s hill.*
GOAT’S HEAD _alley_, Skinners street.*
GOAT _stairs_, Bank side.*
GOAT _yard_, 1. Free school street, Horselydown.* 2. In the Maze, Tooley
street.* 3. Whitecross street, by Old street.*
GOAT _yard passage_, Horselydown.*
GOATHAM _alley_, Shoreditch.‖
GOBB’S _alley_, Grey Eagle street.†
GOBIONS. See GUBBINS.
GODDARD’S _rents_, 1. Holiwell street.† 2. Wheeler street.†
GODLIMAN’S _street_, 1. Little Carter lane.† St. Paul’s Chain.†
GODFREY’S _court_, Milk street, Cheapside.†
GODWEL _stairs_, near Limehouse.†
GOLD AND SILVER WIREDRAWERS, a company incorporated by letters patent
granted by K. James I. in the year 1623.
This fraternity is governed by a Master, two Wardens, and eighteen
Assistants, but has neither livery nor hall.
GOLDBY’S _rents_, Golden lane.†
GOLDEN ANCHOR _alley_, Old street.*
GOLDEN BALL _court_, Great Wild street.*
GOLDEN CROSS _court_, Cateaton street.*
GOLDEN FLEECE _yard_, Tothill street.*
GOLDEN KEY _court_, 1. Basinghall Postern.* 2. Fore street.*
GOLDEN _lane_, Barbican.
GOLDEN LEG _court_, Cheapside.*
GOLDEN LION _alley_, Long ditch, Westminster.*
GOLDEN LION _court_, 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. By St. George’s church,
Southwark.*
GOLDEN _square_, near Great Windmill street, a very neat but small
square, containing about two acres. A large space on the inside
adorned with grass plats and gravel walks, was till lately surrounded
with wooden rails; but these have been removed, and handsome iron ones
placed in their room.
GOLD’S _hill_, Dean street.
GOLDSMITHS, one of the twelve principal companies, is of great
antiquity; for in the reign of Henry II. in the year 1180, it was
among other guilds, fined for being adulterine, that is, setting up
without the King’s special licence. But at length, in 1327, Edward
III. in consideration of the sum of ten marks, incorporated this
company by letters patent, and granted the Goldsmiths the privilege of
purchasing an estate of 20_l._ _per annum_ in mortmain, for the
support of their valetudinary members, which in the year 1394, was
confirmed by Richard II. for the sum of twenty marks. These grants
were afterwards confirmed by Edward IV. in the year 1462, who also
constituted this society a body politic and corporate, to have
perpetual succession, and a common seal. They had now likewise the
privilege of inspecting, trying, and regulating all gold and silver
wares, not only in this city, but in all other parts of the kingdom;
with the power of punishing all offenders concerned in working
adulterated gold and silver, and the power of making by-laws for their
better government.
This fraternity is governed by a Prime, three other Wardens, and
ninety-eight Assistants; with a livery of 198 members, who upon their
admission pay a fine of 20_l._
GOLDSMITHS HALL, a spacious building in Foster lane, Cheapside, was
originally built by Drew Barentin, about the year 1407, but was
destroyed by the fire in 1666, and the present edifice arose in its
place. It is an irregular structure built with brick, and the corners
wrought in rustic of stone. The door is large, arched, and decorated
with Doric columns, which support a pediment of the arched kind, but
open for a shield, in which are the arms of the company. The hall room
is spacious, and both that and the other rooms well enlightened.
In this hall are, among others, the pictures of Sir Martin Bowers, and
Sir Hugh Middleton, both of this company, and great benefactors to it.
They both enjoyed the office of Lord Mayor of London. The latter is
worthy of immortal honour, for bringing the New River water to the
city: out of the rents of which he gave 30_l._ a year to this company,
which is now worth near the annual revenue of 300_l._ They have also a
very great estate, and apply above 1000_l._ a year to charitable uses.
By an act passed in the 12th year of the reign of his present Majesty
George II. it is ordered that no goldsmith, silversmith, or other
person dealing in gold or silver wares, shall make any gold vessel,
plate, or manufacture, of less fineness than 22 carats of fine gold in
every pound troy weight; nor any of silver, of less fineness than 11
ounces, two pennyweights, of fine silver in every pound troy. And that
no goldsmith, silversmith, or other dealer in gold or silver wares,
shall sell, exchange, or expose to sale, any gold or silver plate, or
export the same, without its being marked with the first letters of
the christian and surname of the maker, and, if in London, with the
marks of the Goldsmiths company, namely, the leopard’s head, the lion
passant, and a distinct variable mark, denoting the year in which such
plate was made; or with the mark of the worker, and the marks
appointed to be used by the assayers of York, Exeter, Bristol,
Chester, Norwich, or Newcastle upon Tyne; on the penalty of forfeiting
10_l._ for every omission. The forging of the company’s marks, exposes
the maker to the penalty of 100_l._ or two years imprisonment.
However, such pieces of gold or silver, as are either too small or too
thin to receive the marks, and do not weigh ten pennyweights of gold
or silver each, are not to be stamped. The price of assaying is fixed
by the Wardens of the company.
GOLDSMITH’S _alley_, 1. Jewin street.† 2. Lukener’s lane, Drury lane.†
GOLDSMITH’S _court_, 1. Goldsmith’s alley, Jewin street.† 2. New
street.†
GOLDSMITH’S _rents_, East Smithfield.†
GOLDSMITH’S _street_, 1. Crucifix lane, Barnaby street, Southwark.† 2.
Wood street, Cheapside.
GOLD’S _square_, Golston street, Whitechapel.† See GOULD’S _square_.
GOLD _street_, 1. Near New Gravel lane. 2. Wood street, Cheapside.
GOLSTON’S _court_, Drury lane.†
GONSON’S _rents_, Bluegate fields, Upper Shadwell.†
GOODCHILD’S _alley_, Market street, Westminster.
GOODMAN’S _fields_, a considerable piece of ground lying behind the
houses on the south side of Whitechapel, the east side of the
Minories, and the north side of Rosemary lane. Mr. Stow observes, that
in his time, this was a large field and farm kept by one Goodman,
whose son afterwards let it out, and lived like a gentleman upon the
rent it produced: and it still retains the same name, though it has
now no appearance of a field. It principally consists of four handsome
streets, inhabited by merchants, and other persons in affluent
circumstances: these streets are on the four sides, and in the center
is a tenter ground, which being surrounded by the houses, is excluded
from public view. About fifteen years ago there was a very neat but
small play house in one of these streets, and in this theatre Mr.
Garrick first distinguished himself as an actor.
GOODMAN’S _wharf_, St. Catharine’s.†
GOODMAN’S _yard_, In the Minories, leading into Goodman’s fields.†
GOOD’S _rents_, In the Minories.†
GOODWIN’S _court_, 1. Oxford street.† 2. St. Martin’s lane, Chancery
lane.† 3. Noble street.†
GOODYEAR’S _rents_, Wapping.†
GOOSE _alley_, 1. Bow Church yard, Cheapside.* 2. Fleet Ditch.*
GOOSETREE’S _yard_, Peter street, Westminster.†
GORHAMBURY, a little to the west of St. Alban’s, was formerly the
paternal estate of the great Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam, and Viscount
of St. Alban’s, and is now the seat of the Lord Viscount Grimston.
GOSLING’S _rents_, Swordbearer’s alley, Chiswell street.†
GOSSIPS _rents_, Tooley street.‖
GOSSIPS _row_, Glean alley, Tooley street.‖
GOSWELL _street_, extends in a line from the corner of Barbican, where
Aldersgate street ends, to Mount Mill.
GOUGH’S _square_, near Fleet street; a very small oblong square, with a
row on each side of handsome buildings.†
GOUGH’S _yard_, Back street, Lambeth.†
GOULD’S _court_, Woodrofe lane.†
GOULD’S _square_, Woodrofe lane.†
GOULSTON’S _square_, Whitechapel.†
GRACECHURCH _street_, Cornhill, was originally called Grass church
street, from a grass or herb market, near Allhallows Lombard street,
which from that market was called Grass church. _Stow._
GRACE _court_, Fenchurch street.
GRACE’S _alley_, Well street, Wellclose square.
GRAFTON _buildings_, Long lane.
GRAFTON _street_, Soho.
GRAHAM’S _Almshouse_, in Hog lane, Soho, was founded in the year 1686,
by Mrs. Graham, for four decayed Clergymen’s widows, their maiden
daughters, or other gentlewomen, each of whom has a handsome
apartment, and 10_l._ _per annum_; and for fuel and a servant to
attend them all, the additional sum of 10_l._ a year.
GRANGE, Near the King’s road.
GRANGE _court_, Carey street, Lincoln’s Inn fields.
GRANGE _lane_, Bermondsey.
GRANGE _road_, Bermondsey.
GRANGE _street_, Chapel street, in Red Lion street, Holborn.
GRANGE _walk_, King John’s court, Bermondsey.
GRANGE _yard_, Bermondsey fields.
GRANGER’S _rents_, Near Barbican.†
GRAPE _street_, By Little Moorfields.
GRASSCHURCH _street_, Cornhill; now generally called and spelt
Gracechurch street.
GRASSHOPPER _alley_, 1. Fore street.* 2. Whitecross street.*
GRASSHOPPER _court_, Charterhouse street.*
GRAVEL _court_, Old Gravel lane.*
GRAVEL _lane_, 1. Near the Falcon stairs. 2. Houndsditch.
GRAVEL _street_, Brook street, Holborn.
GRAVEL _walk_, 1. Blue Anchor alley. 2. Collingwood street.
GRAVE’S _dock_, Fore street, Limehouse.†
GRAVE’S _wharf_, near Fishmongers hall, Thames street.†
GRAVESEND, a town in Kent, twenty-two miles from London, situated on the
Thames, opposite to Tilbury Fort, about six miles east from Dartford,
and about the same distance from Rochester. In the reign of Richard
II. the French and Spaniards sailed up the Thames to this town, and
having plundered and burnt it, carried away most of the inhabitants.
To enable the town to recover this loss, the Abbot of St. Mary le
Grace on Tower hill, to whom King Richard II. had granted a manor
belonging to Gravesend, obtained that the inhabitants of Gravesend and
Milton should have the sole privilege of carrying passengers by water
from hence to London, at 2_d._ a head, or 4_s._ the whole fare; but
the fare is now raised to 9_d._ a head in the tilt boat, and 1_s._ in
the wherry. The former must not take in above forty passengers, and
the latter no more than ten. The Watermens company are by act of
parliament obliged to provide officers at Billingsgate and at
Gravesend, who at every time of high water by night and day, are at
their respective places to ring publicly a bell set up for that
purpose, for fifteen minutes, to give notice to the tilt boats and
wherries to put off; and coaches ply at Gravesend at the landing of
people from London to carry them to Rochester. King Henry VIII. raised
a platform here and at Milton, and these towns were incorporated by
Queen Elizabeth, by the name of the Portreve (which has been changed
to that of Mayor) the jurats and inhabitants of Gravesend and Milton.
The whole town being burnt down in 1727 the parliament in the year
1731 granted 5000_l._ for rebuilding its church. Here is a very
handsome charitable foundation, Mr. Henry Pinnock having in 1624,
given twenty-one dwelling houses and a house for a master weaver to
employ the poor: and a good estate is also settled for the repairs.
Within a few years past, great improvements have been made in the
lands near this town, by turning them into kitchen gardens, with the
produce of which Gravesend not only supplies the neighbouring places
for several miles round, but also sends great quantities to the London
markets, particularly of asparagus, that of Gravesend being preferred
to that of Battersea. As all outward bound ships are obliged to anchor
in this road till they have been visited by the custom house officers,
and as they generally stay here to take in provisions, the town is
full of seamen, and in a constant hurry.
GRAY FRIARS. See GREY FRIARS.
GRAY’S _court_, Duke street, Piccadilly.†
[Illustration:
_Gray’s Inn._
_S. Wale delin. B. Green sculp._
]
GRAY’S INN, on the north side of Holborn, near the Bars, is so called
from its being formerly the residence of the ancient and noble family
of Gray of Wilton, who in the reign of Edward III. demised it to
several students of the law. It is one of the four Inns of Court, and
is inhabited by Barristers and Students of the law, and also by such
gentlemen of independent fortune, as chuse this place, for the sake of
an agreeable retirement, or the pleasure of the walks.
The members of the house are to be in commons a fortnight every term,
for which they pay 16_s._
The officers and servants belonging to the Inn, are, a Treasurer, a
Steward, a chief and three under butlers, an upper and under cook, a
pannier man, a gardener, the steward, the chief butler’s men, and two
porters.
This Inn has its chief entrance out of Holborn through a large gate,
though it is seated far backwards, and though with its gardens it
takes up almost all the west side of Gray’s Inn lane. It consists of
several well-built courts, particularly Holborn court, Coney court,
and another at the entrance into the garden. The hall where the
gentlemen of the society dine and sup is large and commodious; but the
chapel is too small; it is a Gothic structure, and has marks of much
greater antiquity than any other part of the building.
The chief ornament belonging to this Inn, is its spacious garden, the
benefit of which is enjoyed by the public, every body decently dressed
being allowed the recreation of walking in it every day. This garden
consists of gravel walks, between vistas of very lofty trees, of grass
plats, agreeable slopes, and a long terras with a portico at each end;
this terras is ascended by a handsome flight of steps. Till lately
there was a summer-house erected by the great Sir Francis Bacon, upon
a small mount: it was open on all sides, and the roof supported by
slender pillars. A few years ago the uninterrupted prospect of the
neighbouring fields, as far as the hills of Highgate and Hampstead,
was obstructed by a handsome row of houses on the north; since which
the above summer-house has been levelled, and many of the trees cut
down to lay the garden more open. The part represented in the print is
the lower side of Coney court, containing the chapel, hall, &c. and is
the principal square of this Inn (which is a very considerable one)
belonging to the gentlemen of the long robe.
GRAY’S INN _lane_, Holborn Bars.
GRAY’S INN LIBRARY, which is kept in Coney court, Gray’s Inn, consists
of a considerable number of books in several languages, and on
different branches of learning; but more particularly on law, for the
use of the gentlemen of the Inn.
GRAY’S INN _passage_, 1. Field court, Gray’s Inn. 2. Red Lion street,
Holborn.
GRAYS THURROCK, a town in Essex, nineteen miles from London, so called
from its ancient Lords the Grays of Codnor. It has a very good market
for corn and cattle.
GREAT ALMONRY, Tothill street, Westminster. See ALMONRY.
GREAT ARTHUR _street_, Goswell street.†
GREAT ASHENTREE _court_, White Friars.‡
GREAT BACON _yard_, Goswell street.
GREAT BEAR _key_, Thames street. See BEAR KEY.
GREAT BLACK HORSE _court_, Aldersgate street.*
GREAT CARTER _lane_, St. Paul’s church yard.†
GREAT CHAPEL _street_, Oxford street.
GREAT COCK _alley_, 1. Fore street, Cripplegate.* 2. Redcross street.*
GREAT COW _alley_, Whitecross street, Old street.*
GREAT DEAN’S _yard_, Westminster.
GREAT DICE _key_, Thames street.
GREAT DISTAFF _lane_, Old Change.*
GREAT EARL _street_, Seven Dials.†
GREAT EASTCHEAP, Canon street, Fish street hill. See EASTCHEAP.
GREAT ELBOW _lane_, College hill.
GREAT FRIARS GATE, Fleet street: so called from its leading into White
Friars.
GREAT GARDEN, St. Catharine’s lane.
GREAT GEORGE _street_, 1. A fine new built street, that extends from the
end of Bridge street into St. James’s Park. The great uniformity
observed in the buildings, their grandeur, and the length and
straightness of this street, form a noble vista, terminated at the end
next the park by very handsome iron gates supported on stone piers,
and by the tall trees of the park, which at a distance resemble a
thick grove. 2. A very noble street which extends from Hanover square
into Conduit street; this is also broad and well paved, and has
several very fine houses built and inhabited by noblemen and people of
the first rank. See HANOVER SQUARE.
The other streets of this name, are, 3. By Great New George street,
Spitalfields: and 4. by King street, Westminster. These streets were
thus named in honour of his present Majesty and his royal father.
GREAT HART _street_, James’s street, Long Acre.
GREAT HERMITAGE _street_, in the Hermitage.
GREAT JERMAIN _street_, Near Piccadilly.†
GREAT KIRBY _street_, Hatton Garden.†
GREAT KNIGHTRIDER’S _street_, by Addle hill.
GREAT LAMB _alley_, Blackman street.
GREAT MADDOX _street_, Hanover square.
GREAT MARLBOROUGH _street_, Poland street.
GREAT MONTAGUE _court_, Little Britain.
GREAT MONTAGUE _street_, near Brick lane, Spitalfields.
GREAT MOOR _yard_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.
GREAT NEW _street_, Fetter lane.
GREAT NEWPORT _street_, near Long Acre.
GREAT NOTTINGHAM _street_, Plumtree street.
GREAT OLD BAILEY, Ludgate hill.
GREAT ORMOND _street_, Red Lion street, Holborn.
GREAT ORMOND _yard_, Ormond street.
GREAT PEARL _street_, Grey Eagle street, Spitalfields.
GREAT PETER _street_, by Great Poulteney street.
GREAT POULTENEY _street_, near Brewer’s street, Soho.
GREAT QUEEN _street_, 1. Lincoln’s Inn fields. 2. Westminster.
GREAT RIDER _street_, St. James’s street.
GREAT RUSSEL _street_, 1. Bloomsbury, from the Duke of Bedford’s house
near it. 2. Covent garden, from its being built upon the same Duke’s
estate.
GREAT ST. ANDREW’S _street_, Seven Dials.
GREAT ST. ANN’S _lane_, by Orchard street, Westminster.
GREAT ST. HELEN’S _court_, Bishopsgate street within. See _St._ HELEN’S.
GREAT ST. THOMAS APOSTLE’S _lane_, by Queen street, Cheapside. See _St._
THOMAS APOSTLES.
GREAT STONE _stairs_, Ratcliff.
GREAT SUFFOLK _street_, Cockspur street.
GREAT SWALLOW _street_, Piccadilly.
GREAT SWORDBEARERS _alley_, Chiswell street.
GREAT TOWER _hill_, by Great Tower street.
GREAT TOWER _street_, the broad part on the east end.
GREAT TRINITY _lane_, Bow lane.
GREAT TURNSTILE, Holborn.
GREAT TURNSTILE _alley_, High Holborn.
GREAT WARDOUR _street_, Oxford street.
GREAT WARNER _street_, Cold Bath street.
GREAT WHITE LION _street_, Seven Dials.
GREAT WILD _street_, Great Queen street, Lincoln’s Inn fields.
GREAT WINCHESTER _street_, Broad street, London Wall.
GREAT WINDMILL _street_, Piccadilly.
GREAT _yard_, Parish street, Horselydown.
GREAT YORK _street_, Cock lane, Shoreditch.
GREAVE’S _court_, George yard, Whitechapel.†
GREEN _alley_, 1. Broad Sanctuary. 2. Coleman street, Wapping. 3. St.
Saviour’s Dock. 4. Tooley street.
GREEN ARBOUR _court_, 1. French alley. 2. Lambeth hill, Thames street.
3. Little Moorfields. 4. Little Old Bailey.
GREEN BANK, 1. Horselydown. 2. Coleman street, Wapping. 3. St. Olave
street. 4. Wapping.
_Board of_ GREEN CLOTH, a court of justice continually sitting in the
King’s house. This court is under the Lord Steward of the King’s
houshold, and is composed of the Treasurer of the houshold, the
Comptroller, Cofferer, Master of the houshold, two clerks of the Green
Cloth, and two clerks comptrollers; and receives its name from a green
cloth spread over the table, at which they sit.
In the absence of the Lord Steward, the Treasurer of the King’s house,
in conjunction with the Comptroller, and other officers of the board,
together with the Steward of the Marshalsea, have power to determine
treasons, felonies and other crimes committed within the verge. By the
direction and allowance of this board, the Cofferer pays the wages of
the King’s servants above and below stairs, and the bills for
provisions. Also before this board the Averner to the Master of the
horse lays the accompts of the stables for horse meat, livery wages,
and board wages, in order to be passed and allowed. See the article
LORD STEWARD OF THE KING’S HOUSHOLD.