|transparencies. In the centre of the gardens is erected an
|orchestra, where the concert commences at eight o’clock, assisted
|by the most eminent performers, both vocal and instrumental, and
|finishes about twelve o’clock with a display of fire works.
|
|In the neighbourhood of Vauxhall are many handsome residences.
|
79|Vespasian’s Camp, Wilts, 161. This ancient fortification occupies
|the summit of an eminence, bounded by the river Avon; it is
|surrounded by a single ditch and vallum, inclosing an area of
|thirty-nine acres. Its origin is supposed to be British, though it
|bears the name of a Roman Emperor, whose troops might probably
|have occupied it, to whom additions and alterations, evidently
|made, may be attributed; and there are also many traces remaining
|which denote its subsequent occupation by the Danes and Saxons.
|The area of this entrenchment is covered with plantations,
|disposed in avenues, walks, &c.
|
52|Vine Hall, Sussex, 21.
|
|
|W.
|
|Waddon, Wilts, 209.
|
|Walberton, Sussex, 217. A parish containing 72 houses, and 502
|inhabitants.
|
61|Walcot, Great, Berks, 181.
|
61|Walcot, Little, Berks, 181.
|
133|Walditch, Dorset, 111. A village containing 19 houses, and 134
|inhabitants.
|
152|Walford Bridge, Somerset, 193.
|
|Wallington, Hants, 222.
|
71|Wallop, Hants, 102.
|
66|Waltham Chase, Hants, 97.
|
56|Waltham, Upper, Sussex, 39.
|
134|Walton, Somerset, 191. A parish containing 70 houses, and 397
|inhabitants.
|
|Walton Heath, Hants, 213.
|
17|Walton Heath, Surrey, 47.
|
140|Wambrook, Higher, Dorset, 145. A parish containing 22 houses, and
|138 inhabitants.
|
6|Wandsworth, Surrey, 23. A parish situated near the confluence of
|the Wandle with the Thames, containing 720 houses, and 4446
|inhabitants. The church is a modern edifice, but the tower is of
|ancient structure.
|
|Garret Lane, between this village and Tooting, was the scene of
|the mock election of the Mayor of Garret, held for a number of
|years at every general election among the mobility, to the great
|emolument of the publicans of Wandsworth.
|
84|Wans Dyke, Wilts, 198. A ditch crossing the country from east to
|west over Salisbury Plain for many miles together. It is by some
|supposed to have been thrown up by the Saxons, as a boundary
|between them and the Mercians; but Stukeley is of opinion that it
|was extant before the time of the Romans. The name is British,
|signifying the _Division Dyke_, thence it is inferred that it was
|one of the boundaries of the Belgic kingdom.
|
|Warblington, Hants, 214. A parish containing 282 houses, and 1433
|inhabitants.
|
|=Warminster=, Wilts, 206. A market town and parish, situated on
|the small river Wyley, which falls into the Avon at Salisbury,
|containing 1073 houses, and 4866 inhabitants. The principal trade
|is that of malting, and a small woollen manufacture. The parish
|church, situated at the west end of the town, is a spacious and
|handsome building, with a square tower, containing six bells. It
|has also a neat chapel of ease, erected for the convenience of the
|parishioners, near the centre of the town: there is a good market
|house and assembly room, and a free grammar school for twenty
|boys.
|
|The houses are mostly built of rough stone, and the market on
|Saturday is well supplied with corn.
|
60|Warnford, Hants, 96.
|
34|Warnham, Sussex, 64. A parish containing 103 houses, and 680
|inhabitants.
|
54|Wartlington, Sussex, 21.
|
48|Washington Common, Sussex, 66.
|
122|Watercomb Gate, Somerset, 141.
|
127|Watergore, Somerset, 168.
|
27|Watts Cross, Kent, 18.
|
131|Wearyall Hill, Somerset, 190.
|
178|Welland, Devon, 147.
|
10|Welling, Kent, 2.
|
163|=Wellington=, Somerset, 194. A market town and parish, situated on
|the river Tone, containing 745 houses, and 4032 inhabitants.
|
|This town gives title of Duke to the illustrious hero of Waterloo:
|it is well built, consisting of four streets, the principal one
|being half a mile in length. The church is a noble structure,
|having a lofty tower, containing eight bells. Market on Thursday.
|
125|WELLS, Somerset, 189. This city is pleasantly situated on the
|borders of the Mendip Hills, on the small river Wesitire,
|containing 930 houses, and 5156 inhabitants. It is well built, the
|houses neat, many of them elegant, and the streets well paved and
|clean.
|
|The cathedral, the greater part of which, as it now stands, was
|erected in 1239, by Bishop Joseline de Wells, is a spacious gothic
|structure, in the form of a cross, being 380 feet long, and 130
|wide. The entire west front is a pile of statues of most excellent
|carved stone-work, and one of the principal windows contains some
|beautiful paintings on glass; the cloisters adjoining are spacious
|and elegant, and the chapter-house, in the form of a rotunda, is
|supported by one pillar in the centre.
|
|The episcopal palace is reckoned the handsomest in the kingdom,
|though small.
|
|The parish church of St. Cuthbert has a lofty square tower,
|containing six bells; that of the cathedral has eight. The
|town-hall is situated over Bishop Bubwith’s Hospital, which is
|endowed for thirty poor men and women, besides which there are
|several other charities.
|
|On the east side of the city is a spacious open market place. It
|was first incorporated in the reign of Richard the First, and
|created into a free borough by a confirmed charter of King John;
|but in the reign of Queen Elizabeth the present corporation was
|formed, consisting of a mayor, recorder, seven masters, and
|sixteen common-councilmen. It returns two members to parliament.
|
|The chief manufactures are knitting of hose and bone lace. Market
|on Wednesday and Saturday.
|
|In that part called _East Wells_, which is without the city
|liberty, the annual races are held.
|
62|Westergate, Sussex, 42.
|
|Westerton, Sussex, 216.
|
157|Weston, Devon, 114.
|
114|Weston, Little, Somerset, 166.
|
|Weston and Netley Heath, Hants, 221.
|
|Weston Pond, Hants, 221.
|
96|Westrop, Wilts, 186.
|
179|Wey, Devon, 147.
|
144|Weycroft, Devon, 144.
|
67|Weyhill, Hants, 159. A small village, consisting only of a few
|straggling houses on a rising ground, but noted for its fair,
|which commences on the 9th of October, for all kinds of cattle,
|cheese, hops, and pedlary, and reckoned the largest in England,
|lasting fourteen days.
|
128|=Weymouth=, Dorset, 171. A sea port, borough, and market town,
|containing 1019 houses, and 4732 inhabitants. It is a place of
|considerable antiquity, but was small, and indifferently built,
|till within these last twenty or thirty years, when, from its
|fashionable resort as a bathing place, it became greatly enlarged,
|and has now many elegant buildings. The church is a low building,
|and consists of three aisles; the altar-piece is universally
|admired.
|
|Weymouth formerly carried on a considerable trade, and was the
|principal port of the county, but it is now rivalled by Pool;
|being sheltered by the surrounding hills, possessing a pure air, a
|fine beach of sand, and a calm bay, formed by a semicircle of more
|than two miles, it is well adapted as a bathing place: near the
|centre of the town is a commodious hot salt-water bath; there are
|likewise private cold baths. The theatre is neatly fitted up, and
|has a good company. The assembly room is very spacious and lofty,
|and the interior handsomely decorated. Here are also well
|furnished libraries, commodious lodging-houses, and every thing
|necessary for the pleasure and convenience of its numerous
|visitors.
|
|The port is defended by two castles, Sandford, and Portland. The
|fashionable promenade is on _The Esplanade_, which is about half a
|mile long, and 30 feet broad. _The Look-out_, on the Weymouth side
|of the river, is another pleasant and much frequented walk,
|commanding a beautiful prospect of the bay and Portland isles;
|near it is the Camera Obscura, and in the vicinity is a battery of
|heavy cannon, and some cavalry barracks.
|
|Two packets are stationed here for the islands of Guernsey and
|Jersey. It sends two members to parliament; and has a market on
|Tuesday and Friday.
|
36|Wheeler Street, Surrey, 37.
|
187|Whiddon End, Devon, 149.
|
188|Whiddon Down, Devon, 149.
|
57|=Whitchurch=, Hants, 100. A borough, market town, and parish,
|containing 220 houses, and 1275 inhabitants.
|
|The town is an ancient borough by prescription, but not
|incorporated. It sends two members to parliament.
|
|Whitchurch is noted for a trout stream, much frequented by
|anglers. Market on Friday.
|
108|Whitchurch Down, Dorset, 108.
|
128|White Cross, Somerset, 168.
|
136|White Down, Somerset, 143.
|
84|White Horse, The, Wilts, 184. (_For description see Oldbury Camp_)
|
131|Whitelackington, Somerset, 168.
|
39|Whiteman’s Green, Sussex, 50.
|
|Whitenap, Hants, 211.
|
|White Parish, Wilts, 210. A parish containing 189 houses, and 877
|inhabitants.
|
96|Whitesand Cross, Wilts, 138.
|
100|White Sheet Castle, Wilts, 172. This encampment derives its name
|from the hill on which it is placed; it is strongly fortified by
|nature on three sides, and on the fourth it is defended by three
|ditches and valla, terminating in one, on the sides most difficult
|of access. The area within the innermost vallum measures fifteen
|acres, and the circumference of the outward ditch is 1032 yards.
|
|Sir Richard Colt Hoare is of opinion that this encampment was
|originally a British work, with a single ditch; and supposes that
|the other two were added at a subsequent period, and probably by
|the Saxons.
|
96|White Sheet Hill, Wilts, 138.
|
135|Whiteway Common, Somerset, 169.
|
98|Whitley, Wilts, 200.
|
97|Whitley Common, Wilts, 200.
|
143|Wibble Green, Devon, 145.
|
117|Wick, Somerset, 203.
|
|Wicker, Hard, Hants, 222.
|
69|Wickham, Hants, 97, 213. A parish which appears to have been
|formerly much more considerable, and is remarkable as being the
|birth-place of the famous William of Wickham, in the reign of
|Edward the Second.
|
|Wickham Corner, Hants, 213.
|
|Wildern, Hants, 212.
|
221|Wildmoor, Cornwall, 153.
|
88|Wiley, Wilts, 162, 207.
|
89|Wiley Down, Wilts, 162.
|
174|Willand, Devon, 195. A parish containing 50 houses, and 255
|inhabitants.
|
173|Willand Moor, Devon, 195.
|
|Willoughby’s Barn, Wilts, 206.
|
97|Willoughby Hedge, Wilts, 163.
|
152|Wilmington, Devon, 114.
|
228|Wilton, Cornwall, 124.
|
84|=Wilton=, Wilts, 136, 208. A borough, market town, and parish,
|situated on the river Wyley, containing 344 houses, and 2144
|inhabitants. Its manufactures are principally carpets and
|clothing. It is the county town, and sends two members to
|parliament. The market is on Wednesday.
|
9|Wimbledon Common, Surrey, 24. This Common is surrounded by many
|handsome residences: and here is a well, the water of which is
|never known to freeze.
|
101|=Wimborne Minster=, Dorset, 89. A market town and parish,
|containing 704 houses, and 3518 inhabitants. It is situated
|between the rivers Stour and Allen, and has a bridge over each.
|Its name is derived from its ancient minster or abbey, which is a
|venerable Norman Gothic structure, having a fine tower in the
|middle, and another at the west end. The middle tower had formerly
|a spire, which is recorded to have been as high as that of
|Salisbury. King Ethelred, who was slain in battle by the Danes, is
|said to have been buried here. The market is on Friday.
|
|Wimmering, Hants, 214, 223.
|
107|=Wincaunton=, Somerset, 165. A market town and parish, containing
|380 houses, and 1850 inhabitants. Its chief manufactures are
|ticking and dowlas. The church has a neat square tower, containing
|six bells. The market is on Wednesday.
|
62|WINCHESTER, Hants, 77, 84, 85. This city is situated on the banks
|of the river Itchen, containing 1134 houses, and 6705 inhabitants.
|Most of the buildings have an appearance of antiquity, and the
|streets are broad, and remarkably clean. It is about half a mile
|long, a mile and a half in compass, and contains eight churches.
|
|The present cathedral was began in the 11th century, by Bishop
|Walkelyn, but was in part rebuilt by Bishop Wickham, in 1394. The
|length of this magnificent fabric is 545 feet, including the
|chapel of our lady, 54 feet, and the choir 136. The height of the
|tower is 138 feet; but it appears, from the abrupt manner of its
|termination, never to have been finished. The altar-screen is
|thought by many even superior to that of St. Alban’s. The entrance
|into the choir is by a noble flight of steps, the breadth of the
|middle aisle. On each side of the great arch of the entrance are
|recesses, wherein are placed the statues of King James and Charles
|the First, cast in copper.
|
|The cross, from north to south, is divided from the choir by
|wooden partitions, carried up to a vast height. The stalls in the
|choir are of fine Gothic workmanship, but the Bishop’s throne is
|inferior to the rest. The stone screen, where the high altar is
|placed, is a neat and delicate piece of Gothic work.
|
|At the west end of the church is a painted window, representing
|the history of the Old Testament, but much defaced. At the east
|end is also a window with paintings. For many years this church
|was the place for the coronation of our kings.
|
|The east end of the church is terminated by three chapels; that on
|the south is called Bishop Langton’s Chapel, of curious carved
|work, containing several elegant tombs. In the Chapel of our Lady,
|King Philip and Queen Mary were married.
|
|The new college of this city was founded by William of Wickham.
|The building consists of two large courts, the first containing
|suits of apartments for the warden, ten fellows, seventy scholars,
|three chaplains, six choristers, masters, &c. In the centre is an
|elegant chapel. In the second court are the schools, and a long
|cloister and enclosures for the diversion of the scholars. In the
|middle of the cloisters is the library, a strong stone building.
|Over the door of the school is a statue of the founder. Contiguous
|to the college, on the west, is a spacious quadrangular building,
|forming a detached school for commoners, or gentlemen not on the
|foundation, under the immediate care of the head master.
|
|The mother church of Winchester is _St. Lawrence_; it consists of
|one large aisle, with a lofty square tower, containing five bells.
|_St. Thomas’s_ is an ancient structure, consisting of two aisles,
|divided by round pillars of the Gothic order; the tower is a low
|ordinary building. _St. Maurice’s_ was originally a priory, and
|consists of two aisles, one of which is very spacious; the tower
|is strong. _St. Michael’s_ is a low and ancient building, tiled,
|having two good aisles, and a tower containing five bells. _St.
|Swithen’s_ is erected over a postern, called King’s Gate, and
|consists of a large neat room, ascended to by a stone stair-case.
|_St. Peter’s Cheesehill_, consists of two ailes, of different
|sizes, both neat, but plain; it has a tower containing three
|bells. _St. John’s-at-Hill_ is divided into three ailes by round
|Gothic pillars; the tower is remarkably strong, finished with a
|turret, containing a clock. _St. Martin’s Winnall_ was rebuilt in
|1736, and consists of one aisle, having a small tower at the west
|end, containing one bell.
|
|In this city are a number of a charitable institutions, among
|which is the public infirmary, a handsome edifice.
|
|The town hall is a good building, supported by doric pillars, and
|ornamented with a statue of Queen Anne.
|
|In 1788 a new spacious county gaol was erected on the Howardian
|plan, in the court of which is a neat chapel; there is also a
|Bridewell for the city, and another for the county. The theatre is
|a handsome structure, built in 1785. There is an annual
|well-attended music meeting held here in September, continuing for
|three days, which closes with a ball. Winchester has also its
|winter assembly, concerts, balls, and every other fashionable
|amusement.
|
|The streets are well paved and lighted; and here are two
|banking-houses. The ancient castle, which is supposed to have been
|built by King Arthur, was mostly demolished by the parliament
|forces during the civil wars, except the old hall, in which the
|assizes are held; in this also hangs what is denominated Arthur’s
|Round Table, with the names of the knights thereon. In this castle
|William the Second was crowned, and on its site a royal palace was
|began in 1683, the principal floor of which is a noble range of
|apartments, and contains in all 160 chambers, which has often been
|occupied by prisoners of war, on their parole.
|
|This city sends two members to parliament. The markets are held on
|Wednesday and Saturday, and are well supplied with all kinds of
|provision, poultry, fish, &c.
|
122|Windham’s Sock, Somerset, 167.
|
120|Windmill Hill, Somerset, 141.
|
22|=Windsor=, Berks, 175. A borough and market town, delightfully
|situated on the banks of the Thames, containing 1051 houses, and
|6155 inhabitants. It has belonged to the crown ever since the
|conquest, and has of late been much improved, containing several
|good streets, which are well paved and lighted.
|
|The parish church is a spacious building, situated in the High
|Street, in which also stands the Guildhall, or Town-house, a neat
|structure, erected in 1686, supported by columns and arches of
|Portland stone. On the north side is a statue of Queen Anne, and
|on the south side that of Prince George of Denmark: the inside is
|adorned with the portraits of many royal person ages.
|
|Windsor contains many handsome buildings, but its chief pride is
|the Castle, which for more than seven hundred years has been the
|favourite country residence of the British kings. (_see Index of
|Seats_)
|
|_The chapel of St. George_ was originally a chapel dedicated to
|Edward the Confessor. It was rebuilt by Edward the Third, and
|established as a collegiate church, but owes its present form to
|Edward the Fourth, and its completion to Henry the Seventh. Here
|lie interred under the choir, the bodies of Henry the Eighth and
|Jane Seymour, Charles the First, and a daughter of Queen Anne.
|Adjoining the east end is a neat building, erected by Henry the
|Seventh, a burial place for himself and successors: a most
|sumptuous monument was erected here by Cardinal Wolsey; but he
|dying at Leicester, was there privately buried.
|
|This chapel, after having been long neglected, was repaired by his
|present Majesty, in 1790, when it was adorned with rich carvings
|in wood, and received a new altar-piece, organ, and gallery. The
|ceremonies of the installation of the Knights of the Garter are
|performed in this chapel with great state and solemnity.
|
|Windsor was made a free borough by Edward the First, and sent
|members to parliament in the thirteenth year of the same reign,
|which it has continued, except an intermission from the 14th of
|Edward the Third, until the 25th of Henry the Sixth.
|
|Here is a neat theatre, and extensive barracks for horse and foot
|soldiers. The market is held on Saturday, in the area beneath the
|town hall, and is well supplied with all kinds of provision, fish,
|&c.
|
134|Windwhistle, Somerset, 143.
|
|Wine Cross, Hants, 213.
|
125|Winterborne Abbas, Dorset, 110. A parish containing 26 houses, and
|156 inhabitants.
|
126|Winterborne Common, Dorset, 110.
|
83|Winterborn Stoke, Wilts, 161. A parish containing 48 houses, and
|256 inhabitants.
|
77|Winterbourn Down, Wilts, 103, 135.
|
75|Winterbourn Gunner Down, Wilts, 103, 135.
|
110|Winterborne Whitchurch, Dorset, 108. A parish containing 89
|houses, and 430 inhabitants.
|
74|Winterslow Hutt, Wilts, 103, 135.
|
|Wishford, Wilts, 208. A parish containing 80 houses, and 346
|inhabitants.
|
|Wishford, Little, Wilts, 208.
|
19|Wistley Common, Surrey, 25.
|
51|Withdean, Sussex, 51.
|
37|Witley, Surrey, 37. A parish containing 163 houses, and 1039
|inhabitants. A spring in this parish, at Bonfield, is reckoned
|efficacious for sore eyes. This place retains its ancient
|privilege from serving on juries. From _Hindhead_ and _Gracewood
|Hills_, are charming prospects of the surrounding country.
|
36|Witley Common, Surrey, 27, 33.
|
170|Wonford, East, Devon, 116.
|
27|Woodcock Bridge, Surrey, 56.
|
22|Wood Hatch, Surrey, 48.
|
204|Woodland, Devon, 121.
|
35|Wood’s Gate, Kent, 19.
|
92|Woodyates Inn, Dorset, 105.
|
8|Wood, West, Kent, 2.
|
29|Wooley Green, Berks, 176.
|
123|Woolham Mill, Somerset, 167.
|
49|Woolhampton, Berks, 179. A parish containing 43 houses, and 322
|inhabitants.
|
39|Woolson Bridge, Hants, 74.
|
63|Woolwich Wood, Kent, 9.
|
|Woolverton, Somerset, 205. A parish containing 28 houses, and 169
|inhabitants.
|
93|Workly Down, Dorset, 105.
|
56|Worthing, Sussex, 67, 218. This place, which a short time ago
|consisted only of a few miserable huts, has now many handsome
|buildings, several of them sufficiently extensive and elegant to
|accommodate the first families in the kingdom.
|
|The modern buildings are on the coast, but the village extends
|towards the Downs, in a straight line, for about half a mile. Here
|are two respectable libraries, and commodious warm baths.
|
|Worthing is much resorted to during the bathing season, by those
|who prefer quiet to the noise and bustle of Brighton; and there is
|a facility of bathing here in the most stormy weather, with a
|level extent of sand for a length of ten miles. Being surrounded
|at the distance of about a mile by the chain of Sussex Downs, even
|in the winter months, the chilling blasts of the northern and
|eastern winds are entirely excluded. A fishery is carried on here
|in the spring for mackarel, and in the autumn for herrings.
|
48|Worting, Hants, 99. A parish containing 15 houses, and 120
|inhabitants.
|
21|Wray Common, Surrey, 54.
|
201|Wrangerton, Devon, 120.
|
35|Wych Cross, Sussex, 57.
|
|
|Y.
|
141|Yarcombe, Devon, 169. A parish containing 110 houses, and 740
|inhabitants.
|
85|Yarnbury Castle, Wilts, 162. This ancient fortification, like most
|others of a similar nature, occupies an elevated spot. Its
|original construction is supposed to be British, though it was
|afterwards occupied by the Romans and Saxons. At present it
|consists of a double ditch and vallum, inclosing an area of
|twenty-eight acres and a half. There are six entrances, but
|several of these do not appear to have belonged to the original
|work. The principal one towards the east is defended by a strong
|and detached out-work, and there is also on the west side another
|defended by an out-work of an irregular form. The inner rampart is
|very strong, fifty-two feet high, and is of a more regular
|construction than the outer vallum. The circumference of the
|exterior ditch is nearly a mile. Many vestages of British and
|Roman antiquities have here been discovered.
|
148|Yarty Bridge, Devon, 113.
|
31|Yately Heath, Hants, 73.
|
83|Yatesbury, Wilts, 184. A parish containing 51 houses, and 234
|inhabitants.
|
117|Yellowham Hill, Dorset, 109.
|
126|Yeobridge, Somerset, 168.
|
120|=Yeovil=, Somerset, 141. A market town and parish near the river
|Yeo, or Ivil, containing 747 houses, and 2774 inhabitants. Many of
|the streets are wide, and the houses well built of stone and
|brick. The church is a fine old Gothic structure, with a high
|tower, containing six bells. This town was formerly noted for its
|manufacture of woollen cloth; but its principal mart now is that
|of leather gloves. The town is well supplied with water, and the
|market, which is held on Friday, is very considerable for lean
|cattle, and all kinds of provision.
|
119|Yeovil Bridge, Somerset, 141.
|
|
|Z.
|
102|Zeal’s Green, Wilts, 164.
|
102|Zeal’s Row, Wilts, 164.
|
190|Zeal, South, Devon, 149.
END OF INDEX TO THE DIRECT AND CROSS ROADS.