Blekinge, Dalarnas, Gavleborgs, Gotlands, Hallands, Jamtlands,
Jonkopings, Kalmar, Kronobergs, Norrbottens, Orebro, Ostergotlands,
Skane, Sodermanlands, Stockholms, Uppsala, Varmlands, Vasterbottens,
Vasternorrlands, Vastmanlands, Vastra Gotalands
Independence: 6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king)
National holiday: Day of the Swedish Flag, 6 June
Constitution: 1 January 1975
Legal system: civil law system influenced by customary law; accepts
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: King CARL XVI GUSTAF (since 19 September 1973); Heir
Apparent Princess VICTORIA Ingrid Alice Desiree, daughter of the
monarch (born 14 July 1977)
head of government: Prime Minister Goran PERSSON (since 21 March 1996)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister
elections: the monarch is hereditary; prime minister elected by the
Parliament; election last held NA September 1998 (next to be held NA
2002)
election results: Goran PERSSON reelected prime minister with 131 out
of 349 votes
Legislative branch: unicameral Parliament or Riksdag (349 seats;
members are elected by popular vote on a proportional representation
basis to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held 20 September 1998 (next to be held NA September
2002)
election results: percent of vote by party - Social Democrats 36.5%,
Moderates 22.7%, Left Party 12%, Christian Democrats 11.8%, Center
Party 5.1%, Liberal Party 4.7%, Greens 4.5%; seats by party - Social
Democrats 131, Moderates 82, Left Party 43, Christian Democrats 42,
Center Party 18, Liberal Party 17, Greens 16
Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Hogsta Domstolen, judges are
appointed by the government (prime minister and cabinet)
Political parties and leaders: Center Party ;
Christian Democratic Party ; Communist Workers' Party
; Green Party [no formal leader but party spokesperson is
Briger SCHLAUG]; Left Party or VP (formerly Communist) [Gudrun
SCHYMAN]; Liberal People's Party ; Moderate Party
(conservative) ; New Democracy Party ;
Social Democratic Party
International organization participation: AfDB, AsDB, Australia Group,
BIS, CBSS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EIB, ESA, EU, FAO, G- 6, G-
9, G-10, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD,
IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC,
IOM, ISO, ITU, MINURSO, MONUC, NAM (guest), NC, NEA, NIB, NSG, OAS
(observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE, PCA, PFP, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR,
UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNMOGIP, UNMOP, UNOMIG, UNTAET, UNTSO,
UPU, WEU (observer), WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Rolf EKEUS
chancery: 1501 M Street NW, Washington, DC 20005-1702
telephone: (202) 467-2600
FAX: (202) 467-2699
consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Lyndon Lowell OLSON, Jr.
embassy: Strandvagen 101, S-115 89 Stockholm
mailing address: American Embassy Stockholm, Department of State,
Washington, DC 20521-5750 (pouch)
telephone: (8) 783 53 00
FAX: (8) 661 19 64
Flag description: blue with a yellow cross that extends to the edges
of the flag; the vertical part of the cross is shifted to the hoist
side in the style of the Dannebrog (Danish flag)
@Sweden:Economy
Economy - overview: Aided by peace and neutrality for the whole
twentieth century, Sweden has achieved an enviable standard of living
under a mixed system of high-tech capitalism and extensive welfare
benefits. It has a modern distribution system, excellent internal and
external communications, and a skilled labor force. Timber,
hydropower, and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy
heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Privately owned firms account
for about 90% of industrial output, of which the engineering sector
accounts for 50% of output and exports. Agriculture accounts for only
2% of GDP and 2% of the jobs. In recent years, however, this
extraordinarily favorable picture has been clouded by budgetary
difficulties, inflation, high unemployment, and a gradual loss of
competitiveness in international markets. Sweden has harmonized its
economic policies with those of the EU, which it joined at the start
of 1995. Sweden decided not to join the euro system at its outset in
January 1999 but plans to hold a referendum in 2000 on whether to
join. GDP growth is forecast for 4% in 2000, buttressed by solid
consumer confidence.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $184 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 3.8% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $20,700 (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 2.2%
industry: 30.5%
services: 67.3% (1997)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 3.7%
highest 10%: 20.1% (1992)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 0.4% (1999 est.)
Labor force: 4.3 million (1996)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 2%, industry 24%, services
74% (1999 est.)
Unemployment rate: 5.5% plus about 5% in training programs (1999 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $109.4 billion
expenditures: $146.1 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(FY95/96)
Industries: iron and steel, precision equipment (bearings, radio and
telephone parts, armaments), wood pulp and paper products, processed
foods, motor vehicles
Industrial production growth rate: 3% (1999 est.)
Electricity - production: 156.772 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 6.09%
hydro: 46.49%
nuclear: 45.16%
other: 2.26% (1998)
Electricity - consumption: 135.098 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - exports: 16.8 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - imports: 6.1 billion kWh (1998)
Agriculture - products: grains, sugar beets, potatoes; meat, milk
Exports: $85.7 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities: machinery 35%, motor vehicles, paper products,
pulp and wood, iron and steel products, chemicals
Exports - partners: EU 57% (Germany 11%, UK 9%, Denmark 6%, Finland
5%), Norway 9%, US 9% (1998)
Imports: $67.9 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities: machinery, petroleum and petroleum products,
chemicals, motor vehicles, iron and steel; foodstuffs, clothing
Imports - partners: EU 68% (Germany 19%, UK 10%, Denmark 6%, France
6%), Norway 8%, US 6% (1998)
Debt - external: $66.5 billion (1994)
Economic aid - donor: ODA, $1.7 billion (1997)
Currency: 1 Swedish krona (SKr) = 100 oere
Exchange rates: Swedish kronor (SKr) per US$1 - 8.4831 (January 2000),
8.2624 (1999), 7.9499 (1998), 7.6349 (1997), 6.7060 (1996), 7.1333
(1995)
Fiscal year: calendar year
@Sweden:Communications
Telephones - main lines in use: 6.017 million (December 1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 3.835 million (October 1998)
Telephone system: excellent domestic and international facilities;
automatic system
domestic: coaxial and multiconductor cable carry most voice traffic;
parallel microwave radio relay network carries some additional
telephone channels
international: 5 submarine coaxial cables; satellite earth stations -
1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean), 1 Eutelsat, and 1 Inmarsat (Atlantic and
Indian Ocean regions); note - Sweden shares the Inmarsat earth station
with the other Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and
Norway)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 265, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios: 8.25 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 163 (1997)
Televisions: 4.6 million (1997)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 29 (1999)
@Sweden:Transportation
Railways:
total: 12,821 km (includes 3,594 km of privately-owned railways)
standard gauge: 12,821 km 1.435-m gauge (7,918 km electrified and
1,152 km double track) (1998)
Highways:
total: 210,907 km
paved: 163,453 km (including 1,439 km of expressways)
unpaved: 47,454 km (1998 est.)
Waterways: 2,052 km navigable for small steamers and barges
Pipelines: natural gas 84 km
Ports and harbors: Gavle, Goteborg, Halmstad, Helsingborg, Hudiksvall,
Kalmar, Karlshamn, Malmo, Solvesborg, Stockholm, Sundsvall
Merchant marine:
total: 165 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 2,301,633 GRT/1,726,018
DWT
ships by type: bulk 6, cargo 26, chemical tanker 33, combination
ore/oil 4, liquified gas 1, petroleum tanker 23, rail car carrier 1,
roll-on/roll-off 43, short-sea passenger 4, specialized tanker 6,
vehicle carrier 18 (1999 est.)
Airports: 256 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 147
over 3,047 m: 3
2,438 to 3,047 m: 11
1,524 to 2,437 m: 80
914 to 1,523 m: 28
under 914 m: 25 (1999 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 109
914 to 1,523 m: 5
under 914 m: 104 (1999 est.)
Heliports: 1 (1999 est.)
@Sweden:Military
Military branches: Swedish Army, Royal Swedish Navy, Swedish Air Force
Military manpower - military age: 19 years of age
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 2,067,631 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 1,809,129 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 51,962 (2000 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $5 billion (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 2.1% (FY98)
@Sweden:Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: none
______________________________________________________________________
SWITZERLAND
@Switzerland:Introduction
Background: Switzerland's independence and neutrality have long been
honored by the major European powers and Switzerland was not involved
in either of the two World Wars. The political and economic
integration of Europe over the past half century, as well as
Switzerland's role in many UN and international organizations, may be
rendering obsolete the country's concern for neutrality.
@Switzerland:Geography
Location: Central Europe, east of France, north of Italy
Geographic coordinates: 47 00 N, 8 00 E
Map references: Europe
Area:
total: 41,290 sq km
land: 39,770 sq km
water: 1,520 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly less than twice the size of New Jersey
Land boundaries:
total: 1,852 km
border countries: Austria 164 km, France 573 km, Italy 740 km,
Liechtenstein 41 km, Germany 334 km
Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)
Maritime claims: none (landlocked)
Climate: temperate, but varies with altitude; cold, cloudy,
rainy/snowy winters; cool to warm, cloudy, humid summers with
occasional showers
Terrain: mostly mountains (Alps in south, Jura in northwest) with a
central plateau of rolling hills, plains, and large lakes
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Lake Maggiore 195 m
highest point: Dufourspitze 4,634 m
Natural resources: hydropower potential, timber, salt
Land use:
arable land: 10%
permanent crops: 2%
permanent pastures: 28%
forests and woodland: 32%
other: 28% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 250 sq km (1993 est.)
Natural hazards: avalanches, landslides, flash floods
Environment - current issues: air pollution from vehicle emissions and
open-air burning; acid rain; water pollution from increased use of
agricultural fertilizers; loss of biodiversity
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air
Pollution-Sulphur 85, Air Pollution-Sulphur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile
Organic Compounds, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change,
Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification,
Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear
Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83,
Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants,
Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Law
of the Sea
Geography - note: landlocked; crossroads of northern and southern
Europe; along with southeastern France and northern Italy, contains
the highest elevations in Europe
@Switzerland:People
Population: 7,262,372 (July 2000 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 17% (male 637,782; female 605,626)
15-64 years: 68% (male 2,498,540; female 2,421,802)
65 years and over: 15% (male 444,627; female 653,995) (2000 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.3% (2000 est.)
Birth rate: 10.4 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Death rate: 8.75 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Net migration rate: 1.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female
total population: 0.97 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 4.53 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 79.6 years
male: 76.73 years
female: 82.63 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.47 children born/woman (2000 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Swiss (singular and plural)
adjective: Swiss
Ethnic groups: German 65%, French 18%, Italian 10%, Romansch 1%, other
6%
Religions: Roman Catholic 46.1%, Protestant 40%, other 5%, none 8.9%
(1990)
Languages: German (official) 63.7%, French (official) 19.2%, Italian
(official) 7.6%, Romansch 0.6%, other 8.9%
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99% (1980 est.)
male: NA%
female: NA%
@Switzerland:Government
Country name:
conventional long form: Swiss Confederation
conventional short form: Switzerland
local long form: Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft (German),
Confederation Suisse (French), Confederazione Svizzera (Italian)
local short form: Schweiz (German), Suisse (French), Svizzera
(Italian)
Data code: SZ
Government type: federal republic
Capital: Bern
Administrative divisions: 26 cantons (cantons, singular - canton in
French; cantoni, singular - cantone in Italian; kantone, singular -
kanton in German); Aargau, Ausser-Rhoden, Basel-Landschaft,
Basel-Stadt, Bern, Fribourg, Geneve, Glarus, Graubunden, Inner-Rhoden,
Jura, Luzern, Neuchatel, Nidwalden, Obwalden, Sankt Gallen,
Schaffhausen, Schwyz, Solothurn, Thurgau, Ticino, Uri, Valais, Vaud,
Zug, Zurich
Independence: 1 August 1291
National holiday: Anniversary of the Founding of the Swiss
Confederation, 1 August (1291)
Constitution: 29 May 1874
Legal system: civil law system influenced by customary law; judicial
review of legislative acts, except with respect to federal decrees of
general obligatory character; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction,
with reservations
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Adolf OGI (since 1 January 2000); Vice
President Moritz LEUENBERGER (since 1 January 2000); note - the
president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Adolf OGI (since 1 January 2000); Vice
President Moritz LEUENBERGER (since 1 January 2000); note - the
president is both the chief of state and head of government
cabinet: Federal Council or Bundesrat (in German), Conseil Federal (in
French), Consiglio Federale (in Italian) elected by the Federal
Assembly from among its own members for a four-year term
elections: president and vice president elected by the Federal
Assembly from among the members of the Federal Council for one-year
terms that run concurrently; election last held NA December 1999 (next
to be held NA December 2000)
election results: Adolf OGI elected president; percent of Federal
Assembly vote - Adolf OGI 71.8%; Moritz LEUENBERGER elected vice
president; percent of legislative vote - NA
Legislative branch: bicameral Federal Assembly or Bundesversammlung
(in German), Assemblee Federale (in French), Assemblea Federale (in
Italian) consists of the Council of States or Standerat (in German),
Conseil des Etats (in French), Consiglio degli Stati (in Italian) (46
seats - members serve four-year terms) and the National Council or
Nationalrat (in German), Conseil National (in French), Consiglio
Nazionale (in Italian) (200 seats - members are elected by popular
vote on a basis of proportional representation to serve four-year
terms)
elections: Council of States - last held in 1999 (each canton
determines when the next election will be held); National Council -
last held 24 October 1999 (next to be held NA October 2003)
election results: Council of States - percent of vote by party - NA;
seats by party - FDP 12, CVP 11, SVP 6, SPS 4, other 1; note - as of 1
January 2000, 12 seats were up for runoff elections; National Council
- percent of vote by party - SPS 22.5%, SVP 22.6%, FDP 19.9%, CVP
15.8%, other small parties all under 5%; seats by party - SPS 51, SVP
44, FDP 43, CVP 35, Greens 9, other small parties 18
Judicial branch: Federal Supreme Court, judges elected for six-year
terms by the Federal Assembly
Political parties and leaders: Alliance of Independents' Party
(Landesring der Unabhaengigen or LdU, Alliance des Independants or
AdI) ; Christian Democratic People's Party
(Christichdemokratische Volkspartei der Schweiz or CVP, Parti
Democrate-Chretien Suisse or PDC, Partito Democratico-Cristiano
Popolare Svizzero or PDC, Partida Cristiandemocratica dalla Svizra or
PCD) ; Freedom Party or FPS [Roland
BORER]; Green Party (Grune Partei der Schweiz or Grune, Parti
Ecologiste Suisse or Les Verts, Partito Ecologista Svizzero or I
Verdi, Partida Ecologica Svizra or La Verda) [Hanspetev THUER,
president]; Radical Free Democratic Party (Freisinnig-Demokratische
Partei der Schweiz or FDP, Parti Radical-Democratique Suisse or PRD,
Partitio Liberal-Radicale Svizzero or PLR) [Franz STEINEGGER,
president]; Social Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei der
Schweiz or SPS, Parti Socialist Suisse or PSS, Partito Socialista
Svizzero or PSS, Partida Socialdemocratica de la Svizra or PSS)
; Swiss People's Party (Schweizerische
Volkspartei or SVP, Union Democratique du Centre or UDC, Unione
Democratica de Centro or UDC, Uniun Democratica dal Center or UDC)
; Ticino League (Lega dei Ticinesi)
; and other minor parties including Swiss Democratic Party
(Schweizer Demokraten or SD, Democrates Suisses or DS, Democratici
Svizzeri or DS), Liberal Party (Liberale Partei der Schweiz or LPS,
Parti Liberal Suisse or PLS, Partito Liberale Svizzero or PLS),
Workers' Party (Parti Suisse du Travail or PST, Partei der Arbeit der
Schweiz or PdAdS, Partito Svizzero del Lavoro or PSdL), Evangelical
People's Party (Evangelische Volkspartei der Schweiz or EVP, Parti
Evangelique Suisse or PEV, Partito Evangelico Svizzero or PEV), and
the Union of Federal Democrats (Eidgenossisch-Demokratische Union or
EDU, Union Democratique Federale or UDF, Unione Democratica Federale
or UDF)
International organization participation: ACCT, AfDB, AsDB, Australia
Group, BIS, CCC, CE, CERN, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, EFTA, ESA, FAO, G-10,
IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS,
ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LAIA
(observer), NAM (guest), NEA, NSG, OAS (observer), OECD, OPCW, OSCE,
PCA, PFP, UN (observer), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNITAR, UNMIBH,
UNMIK, UNMOP, UNOMIG, UNTSO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO,
WTrO, ZC
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Alfred DEFAGO
chancery: 2900 Cathedral Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: (202) 745-7900
FAX: (202) 387-2564
consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New
York, and San Francisco
consulate(s): Boston
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador J. Richard FREDERICKS
embassy: Jubilaeumstrasse 93, 3005 Bern
mailing address: use embassy street address
telephone: (31) 357 70 11
FAX: (31) 357 73 44
Flag description: red square with a bold, equilateral white cross in
the center that does not extend to the edges of the flag
@Switzerland:Economy
Economy - overview: Switzerland, a prosperous and stable modern market
economy with a per capita GDP 20% above that of the big western
European economies, experienced slower growth in 1999, because of weak
foreign and domestic demand. Growth, however, is expected to rebound
to over 2% in 2000. The Swiss in recent years have brought their
economic practices largely into conformity with the EU's to enhance
their international competitiveness. Although the Swiss are not
pursuing EU membership in the near term, in 1999 Bern and Brussels
signed agreements to further liberalize trade ties. These agreements
still have to pass a Swiss referendum in spring 2000, however.
Switzerland is still considered a safe haven for investors, because it
has maintained a degree of bank secrecy and has kept up the franc's
long-term external value.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $197 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 1.4% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $27,100 (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 2.8%
industry: 31.1%
services: 66.1% (1995)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 2.9%
highest 10%: 28.6% (1982)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 1% (1999 est.)
Labor force: 3.8 million (956,000 foreign workers, mostly Italian)
(1996 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: services 67%, industry 28%, agriculture
and forestry 5% (1996 est.)
Unemployment rate: 2.8% (1999 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $32.66 billion
expenditures: $34.89 billion, including capital expenditures of $2.3
billion (1998 est.)
Industries: machinery, chemicals, watches, textiles, precision
instruments
Industrial production growth rate: 3.3% (1999 est.)
Electricity - production: 61.076 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 3.74%
hydro: 54.29%
nuclear: 40.18%
other: 1.79% (1998)
Electricity - consumption: 50.8 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - exports: 29.6 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - imports: 23.6 billion kWh (1998)
Agriculture - products: grains, fruits, vegetables; meat, eggs
Exports: $98.5 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities: machinery, chemicals, metals, watches,
agricultural products
Exports - partners: EU 62% (Germany 24%, France 10%, Italy 8%, UK 6%,
Austria 3%), US 10%, Japan 4% (1998)
Imports: $99 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities: machinery, chemicals, vehicles, metals;
agricultural products, textiles
Imports - partners: EU 80% (Germany 33%, France 12%, Italy 10%,
Netherlands 5%, UK 5%), US 6%, Japan 3% (1998)
Debt - external: $NA
Economic aid - donor: ODA, $1.1 billion (1995)
Currency: 1 Swiss franc, franken, or franco (SFR) = 100 centimes,
rappen, or centesimi
Exchange rates: Swiss francs, franken, or franchi (SFR) per US$1 -
1.5878 (January 2000), 1.5022 (1999), 1.4498 (1998), 1.4513 (1997),
1.2360 (1996), 1.1825 (1995)
Fiscal year: calendar year
@Switzerland:Communications
Telephones - main lines in use: 4.82 million (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 810,170 (1999)
Telephone system: excellent domestic and international services
domestic: extensive cable and microwave radio relay networks
international: satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean
and Indian Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 4, FM 113 (plus many low power stations),
shortwave 2 (1998)
Radios: 7.1 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 108 (1997)
Televisions: 3.31 million (1997)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 115 (Switzerland and Liechtenstein)
(1999)
@Switzerland:Transportation
Railways:
total: 4,492 km (1,564 km double track)
standard gauge: 3,317 km 1.435-m gauge (3,288 km electrified)
narrow gauge: 1,165 km 1.000-m gauge (1,165 km electrified); 10 km
0.800-m gauge (1998)
Highways:
total: 71,059 km (including 1,638 km of expressways) (1998 est.)
paved: NA km
unpaved: NA km
Waterways: 65 km; Rhine (Basel to Rheinfelden, Schaffhausen to
Bodensee); 12 navigable lakes
Pipelines: crude oil 314 km; natural gas 1,506 km
Ports and harbors: Basel