(independent in 1957) and the former British Singapore, both of which
formed West Malaysia, and Sabah and Sarawak in north Borneo, which
composed East Malaysia. The first three years of independence were
marred by hostilities with Indonesia. Singapore seceded from the union
in 1965.
@Malaysia:Geography
Location: Southeastern Asia, peninsula and northern one-third of the
island of Borneo, bordering Indonesia and the South China Sea, south
of Vietnam
Geographic coordinates: 2 30 N, 112 30 E
Map references: Southeast Asia
Area:
total: 329,750 sq km
land: 328,550 sq km
water: 1,200 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly larger than New Mexico
Land boundaries:
total: 2,669 km
border countries: Brunei 381 km, Indonesia 1,782 km, Thailand 506 km
Coastline: 4,675 km (Peninsular Malaysia 2,068 km, East Malaysia 2,607
km)
Maritime claims:
continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation;
specified boundary in the South China Sea
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: tropical; annual southwest (April to October) and northeast
(October to February) monsoons
Terrain: coastal plains rising to hills and mountains
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: Gunung Kinabalu 4,100 m
Natural resources: tin, petroleum, timber, copper, iron ore, natural
gas, bauxite
Land use:
arable land: 3%
permanent crops: 12%
permanent pastures: 0%
forests and woodland: 68%
other: 17% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 2,941 sq km (1998 est.)
Natural hazards: flooding, landslides
Environment - current issues: air pollution from industrial and
vehicular emissions; water pollution from raw sewage; deforestation;
smoke/haze from Indonesian forest fires
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered
Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation,
Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical
Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol
Geography - note: strategic location along Strait of Malacca and
southern South China Sea
@Malaysia:People
Population: 21,793,293 (July 2000 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 35% (male 3,914,112; female 3,697,731)
15-64 years: 61% (male 6,655,506; female 6,642,073)
65 years and over: 4% (male 386,387; female 497,484) (2000 est.)
Population growth rate: 2.01% (2000 est.)
Birth rate: 25.3 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Death rate: 5.25 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
note: does not reflect net flow of an unknown number of illegal
immigrants from other countries in the region
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 20.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 70.83 years
male: 68.22 years
female: 73.63 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 3.29 children born/woman (2000 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Malaysian(s)
adjective: Malaysian
Ethnic groups: Malay and other indigenous 58%, Chinese 26%, Indian 7%,
others 9%
Religions: Islam, Buddhism, Daoism, Hinduism, Christianity, Sikhism;
note - in addition, Shamanism is practiced in East Malaysia
Languages: Bahasa Melayu (official), English, Chinese dialects
(Cantonese, Mandarin, Hokkien, Hakka, Hainan, Foochow), Tamil, Telugu,
Malayalam, Panjabi, Thai; note - in addition, in East Malaysia several
indigenous languages are spoken, the largest of which are Iban and
Kadazan
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 83.5%
male: 89.1%
female: 78.1% (1995 est.)
@Malaysia:Government
Country name:
conventional long form: none
conventional short form: Malaysia
former: Malayan Union
Data code: MY
Government type: constitutional monarchy
note: Malaya (what is now Peninsular Malaysia) formed 31 August 1957;
Federation of Malaysia (Malaya, Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore) formed
9 July 1963 (Singapore left the federation on 9 August 1965);
nominally headed by the paramount ruler and a bicameral Parliament
consisting of a nonelected upper house and an elected lower house;
Peninsular Malaysian states - hereditary rulers in all but Melaka,
Penang, Sabah, and Sarawak, where governors are appointed by the
Malaysian Government; powers of state governments are limited by the
federal constitution; under terms of the federation, Sabah and Sarawak
retain certain constitutional prerogatives (e.g., the right to
maintain their own immigration controls); Sabah - holds 20 seats in
House of Representatives, with foreign affairs, defense, internal
security, and other powers delegated to federal government; Sarawak -
holds 28 seats in House of Representatives, with foreign affairs,
defense, internal security, and other powers delegated to federal
government
Capital: Kuala Lumpur
Administrative divisions: 13 states (negeri-negeri, singular - negeri)
and 2 federal territories* (wilayah-wilayah persekutuan, singular -
wilayah persekutuan); Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Labuan*, Melaka, Negeri
Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak,
Selangor, Terengganu, Wilayah Persekutuan*
note: the city of Kuala Lumpur is located within the federal territory
of Wilayah Persekutuan; the terms therefore are not interchangeable
Independence: 31 August 1957 (from UK)
National holiday: National Day, 31 August (1957)
Constitution: 31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963
Legal system: based on English common law; judicial review of
legislative acts in the Supreme Court at request of supreme head of
the federation; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: Paramount Ruler Sultan TUNKU SALAHUDDIN Abdul Aziz
Shah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Hisammuddin Alam Shah (since 26 April
1999); Deputy Paramount Ruler Sultan MIZAN Zainal Abidin ibni A-Marhum
Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah
head of government: Prime Minister Dr. MAHATHIR bin Mohamad (since 16
July 1981); Deputy Prime Minister ABDULLAH bin Ahmad Badawi (since 8
January 1999)
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the prime minister from among the
members of Parliament with consent of the paramount ruler
elections: paramount ruler and deputy paramount ruler elected by and
from the hereditary rulers of nine of the states for five-year terms;
election last held 27 February 1999 (next to be held NA 2004); prime
minister designated from among the members of the House of
Representatives; following legislative elections, the leader of the
party that wins a plurality of seats in the House of Representatives
becomes prime minister
election results: Sultan TUNKU SALAHUDDIN Abdul Aziz Shah ibni
Al-Marhum Sultan Hisammuddin Alam Shah elected paramount ruler; Sultan
MIZAN Zainal Abidin ibni A-Marhum Sultan Mahmud Al-Muktafi Billah Shah
elected deputy paramount ruler
Legislative branch: bicameral Parliament or Parlimen consists of
nonelected Senate or Dewan Negara (69 seats; 43 appointed by the
paramount ruler, 26 appointed by the state legislatures) and the House
of Representatives or Dewan Rakyat (193 seats; members elected by
popular vote weighted toward the rural Malay population to serve
five-year terms)
elections: House of Representatives - last held 29 November 1999 (next
to be held 3 November 2004)
election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote by party
- NF 56%, other 44%; seats by party - NF 148, PAS 27, DAP 10, NJP 5,
PBS 3
Judicial branch: Supreme Court, judges appointed by the paramount
ruler on the advice of the prime minister
Political parties and leaders: State Reform Party or STAR [PATAV
Rubis]; Democratic Action Party or DAP ; Gerakan Rakyat
Malaysia ; Liberal Democratic Party ;
Malaysian Chinese Association or MCA ; Malaysian
Indian Congress or MIC ; National Front or NF [MAHATHIR
bin Mohamad] (a coalition of 14 political parties, dominated by the
UMNO, and including the UPKO, SAPP, and the Liberal Democratic Party);
National Justice Party or NJP ; Parti Akar
; Parti Bansa Dayak Sarawak or PBDS [Datuk
Leo MOGGIE]; Parti Bersekutu ; Parti Islam SeMalaysia
or PAS ; Party Pesaka Bumiputra Bersatu or
PBB ; Sabah People's
Progressive Party or SAPP ; Sabah People's United Party
(Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah) or PBRS ; Sarawak
National Party or SNAP ; Sarawak United
People's Party or SUPP ; United
Kadazan People's Organization or UPKO (formerly Parti Demokratik
Sabah) ; United Malays National Organization or UMNO
; United Sabah Party (main opposition party) (Parti Bersatu
Sabah) or PBS
note: subsequent to the election, the following parties were dissolved
- Spirit of '46 or Semangat '46
and Sabah United Party (Parti Bersatu Sabah) or PBS [Datuk Seri Joseph
PAIRIN Kitingan]
International organization participation: APEC, AsDB, ASEAN, C, CCC,
CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-15, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB,
IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC,
ISO, ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UN Security Council
(temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMIK, UNTAET,
UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Dato' GHAZZALI Sheikh Abdul Khalid
chancery: 2401 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: (202) 328-2700
FAX: (202) 483-7661
consulate(s) general: Los Angeles and New York
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador B. Lynn PASCOE
embassy: 376 Jalan Tun Razak, 50400 Kuala Lumpur
mailing address: P. O. Box No. 10035, 50700 Kuala Lumpur; American
Embassy Kuala Lumpur, APO AP 96535-8152
telephone: (3) 2168-5000
FAX: (3) 242-2207
Flag description: 14 equal horizontal stripes of red (top) alternating
with white (bottom); there is a blue rectangle in the upper hoist-side
corner bearing a yellow crescent and a yellow fourteen-pointed star;
the crescent and the star are traditional symbols of Islam; the design
was based on the flag of the US
@Malaysia:Economy
Economy - overview: Malaysia made a quick economic recovery in 1999
from its worst recession since independence in 1957. GDP grew 5%,
responding to a dynamic export sector, which grew over 10% and fiscal
stimulus from higher government spending. The large export surplus has
enabled the country to build up its already substantial financial
reserves, to $31 billion at yearend 1999. This stable macroeconomic
environment, in which both inflation and unemployment stand at 3% or
less, has made possible the relaxation of most of the capital controls
imposed by the government in 1998 to counter the impact of the Asian
financial crisis. Government and private forecasters expect Malaysia
to continue this trend in 2000, predicting GDP to grow another 5% to
6%. While Malaysia's immediate economic horizon looks bright, its
long-term prospects are clouded by the lack of reforms in the
corporate sector, particularly those dealing with competitiveness and
high corporate debt.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $229.1 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 5% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $10,700 (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 12%
industry: 46%
services: 42% (1998)
Population below poverty line: 6.8% (1997 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 1.4%
highest 10%: 20.4% (1997 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 2.8% (1999)
Labor force: 9.3 million (1999 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: manufacturing 27%, agriculture, forestry,
and fisheries 16%, local trade and tourism 17%, services 15%,
government 10%, construction 9% (1999 est.)
Unemployment rate: 3% (1999 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $23.2 billion
expenditures: $27.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1999)
Industries: Peninsular Malaysia - rubber and oil palm processing and
manufacturing, light manufacturing industry, electronics, tin mining
and smelting, logging and processing timber; Sabah - logging,
petroleum production; Sarawak - agriculture processing, petroleum
production and refining, logging
Industrial production growth rate: 8.5% (1999 est.)
Electricity - production: 57.435 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 94.78%
hydro: 5.22%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (1998)
Electricity - consumption: 53.423 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - exports: 75 million kWh (1998)
Electricity - imports: 83 million kWh (1998)
Agriculture - products: Peninsular Malaysia - rubber, palm oil, rice;
Sabah - subsistence crops, rubber, timber, coconuts, rice; Sarawak -
rubber, pepper; timber
Exports: $83.5 billion (1999 est.)
Exports - commodities: electronic equipment, petroleum and liquefied
natural gas, chemicals, palm oil, wood and wood products, rubber,
textiles
Exports - partners: US 23%, Singapore 16%, Japan 11%, Hong Kong 5%,
Netherlands 5%, Taiwan 5%, Thailand 3% (1999 est.)
Imports: $61.5 billion (1999 est.)
Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemicals, food, fuel
and lubricants
Imports - partners: Japan 21%, US 18%, Singapore 14%, Taiwan 5%, South
Korea 5%, Thailand 4%, China 3% (1999 est.)
Debt - external: $43.6 billion (1999 est.)
Currency: 1 ringgit (M$) = 100 sen
Exchange rates: ringgits (M$) per US$1 - 3.8000 (January 2000), 3.8000
(1999), 3.9244 (1998), 2.8133 (1997), 2.5159 (1996), 2.5044 (1995)
Fiscal year: calendar year
@Malaysia:Communications
Telephones - main lines in use: 4.4 million (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 2.17 million (1998)
Telephone system: international service good
domestic: good intercity service provided on Peninsular Malaysia
mainly by microwave radio relay; adequate intercity microwave radio
relay network between Sabah and Sarawak via Brunei; domestic satellite
system with 2 earth stations
international: submarine cables to India, Hong Kong, and Singapore;
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Pacific
Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 56, FM 31 (plus 13 repeater stations),
shortwave 5 (1999)
Radios: 9.1 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 27 (plus 15 high-power repeaters)
(1999)
Televisions: 3.6 million (1997)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 8 (1999)
@Malaysia:Transportation
Railways:
total: 1,801 km
narrow gauge: 1,801 km 1.000-m gauge (148 km electrified) (2000)
Highways:
total: 94,500 km
paved: 70,970 km (including 580 km of expressways)
unpaved: 23,530 km (1996 est.)
Waterways: 7,296 km (Peninsular Malaysia 3,209 km, Sabah 1,569 km,
Sarawak 2,518 km)
Pipelines: crude oil 1,307 km; natural gas 379 km
Ports and harbors: Bintulu, Kota Kinabalu, Kuantan, Kuching, Kudat,
Labuan, Lahad Datu, Lumut, Miri, Pasir Gudang, Penang, Port Dickson,
Port Kelang, Sandakan, Sibu, Tanjung Berhala, Tanjung Kidurong, Tawau
Merchant marine:
total: 361 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,000,706 GRT/7,393,915
DWT
ships by type: bulk 61, cargo 119, chemical tanker 34, container 55,
liquified gas 19, livestock carrier 1, passenger 2, petroleum tanker
57, refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off 6, specialized tanker 1,
vehicle carrier 5 (1999 est.)
Airports: 115 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 32
over 3,047 m: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 4
1,524 to 2,437 m: 11
914 to 1,523 m: 6
under 914 m: 6 (1999 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 83
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 8
under 914 m: 74 (1999 est.)
Heliports: 1 (1999 est.)
@Malaysia:Military
Military branches: Malaysian Army, Royal Malaysian Navy, Royal
Malaysian Air Force, Royal Malaysian Police Force, Marine Police,
Sarawak Border Scouts
Military manpower - military age: 21 years of age
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 5,662,933 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 3,431,602 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 183,139 (2000 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $1.211 billion (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 1.6% (FY98)
@Malaysia:Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: involved in a complex dispute over the
Spratly Islands with China, Philippines, Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly
Brunei; Philippines have not fully revoked claim to Sabah State; two
islands in dispute with Singapore; Sipadan and Ligitan Islands in
dispute with Indonesia
Illicit drugs: transit point for some illicit drugs going to Western
markets; drug trafficking prosecuted vigorously and carries severe
penalties
______________________________________________________________________
MALDIVES
@Maldives:Introduction
Background: The Maldives were long a sultanate, first under Dutch and
then under British protection. They became a republic in 1968, three
years after independence. Tourism and fishing are being developed on
the archipelago.
@Maldives:Geography
Location: Southern Asia, group of atolls in the Indian Ocean,
south-southwest of India
Geographic coordinates: 3 15 N, 73 00 E
Map references: Asia
Area:
total: 300 sq km
land: 300 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: about 1.7 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 644 km
Maritime claims: measured from claimed archipelagic baselines
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: tropical; hot, humid; dry, northeast monsoon (November to
March); rainy, southwest monsoon (June to August)
Terrain: flat, with white sandy beaches
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Wilingili island in the Addu Atoll
2.4 m
Natural resources: fish
Land use:
arable land: 10%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 3%
forests and woodland: 3%
other: 84% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: NA sq km
Natural hazards: low level of islands makes them very sensitive to sea
level rise
Environment - current issues: depletion of freshwater aquifers
threatens water supplies; global warming and sea level rise; coral
reef bleaching
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol,
Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection
signed, but not ratified: Law of the Sea
Geography - note: 1,190 coral islands grouped into 26 atolls (200
inhabited islands, plus 80 islands with tourist resorts); archipelago
of strategic location astride and along major sea lanes in Indian
Ocean
@Maldives:People
Population: 301,475 (July 2000 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 46% (male 71,273; female 67,323)
15-64 years: 51% (male 78,598; female 75,331)
65 years and over: 3% (male 4,666; female 4,284) (2000 est.)
Population growth rate: 3.06% (2000 est.)
Birth rate: 38.96 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Death rate: 8.32 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Net migration rate: 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 1.09 male(s)/female
total population: 1.05 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 65.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 62.2 years
male: 61.05 years
female: 63.4 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 5.62 children born/woman (2000 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Maldivian(s)
adjective: Maldivian
Ethnic groups: South Indians, Sinhalese, Arabs
Religions: Sunni Muslim
Languages: Maldivian Dhivehi (dialect of Sinhala, script derived from
Arabic), English spoken by most government officials
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 93.2%
male: 93.3%
female: 93% (1995 est.)
@Maldives:Government
Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Maldives
conventional short form: Maldives
local long form: Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa
local short form: Dhivehi Raajje
Data code: MV
Government type: republic
Capital: Male
Administrative divisions: 19 atolls (atholhu, singular and plural) and
1 other first-order administrative division*; Alifu, Baa, Dhaalu,
Faafu, Gaafu Alifu, Gaafu Dhaalu, Gnaviyani, Haa Alifu, Haa Dhaalu,
Kaafu, Laamu, Lhaviyani, Maale*, Meemu, Noonu, Raa, Seenu, Shaviyani,
Thaa, Vaavu
Independence: 26 July 1965 (from UK)
National holiday: Independence Day, 26 July (1965)
Constitution: adopted January 1998
Legal system: based on Islamic law with admixtures of English common
law primarily in commercial matters; has not accepted compulsory ICJ
jurisdiction
Suffrage: 21 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November
1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of
government
head of government: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM (since 11 November
1978); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of
government
cabinet: appointed by the president; note - need not be members of
Majlis
elections: president nominated by the Majlis and then that nomination
must be ratified by a national referendum (at least a 51% approval
margin is required); president elected for a five-year term; election
last held 16 October 1998 (next to be held NA October 2003)
election results: President Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM reelected; percent of
popular vote - Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM 90.9%
Legislative branch: unicameral People's Council or Majlis (50 seats;
42 elected by popular vote, 8 appointed by the president; members
serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 20 November 1999 (next to be held NA November
2004)
election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 42
Judicial branch: High Court
Political parties and leaders: although political parties are not
banned, none exist
International organization participation: AsDB, C, CCC, CP, ESCAP,
FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IMF, IMO, Intelsat
(nonsignatory user), Interpol, IOC, ITU, NAM, OIC, OPCW, SAARC, UN,
UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Diplomatic representation in the US: Maldives does not have an embassy
in the US, but does have a Permanent Mission to the UN in New York
Diplomatic representation from the US: the US does not have an embassy
in Maldives; the US Ambassador to Sri Lanka is accredited to Maldives
and makes periodic visits there
Flag description: red with a large green rectangle in the center
bearing a vertical white crescent; the closed side of the crescent is
on the hoist side of the flag
@Maldives:Economy
Economy - overview: Tourism, Maldives largest industry, accounts for
20% of GDP and more than 60% of the Maldives' foreign exchange
receipts. Over 90% of government tax revenue comes from import duties
and tourism-related taxes. Almost 400,000 tourists visited the islands
in 1998. Fishing is a second leading sector. The Maldivian Government
began an economic reform program in 1989 initially by lifting import
quotas and opening some exports to the private sector. Subsequently,
it has liberalized regulations to allow more foreign investment.
Agriculture and manufacturing continue to play a minor role in the
economy, constrained by the limited availability of cultivable land
and the shortage of domestic labor. Most staple foods must be
imported. Industry, which consists mainly of garment production, boat
building, and handicrafts, accounts for about 18% of GDP. Maldivian
authorities worry about the impact of erosion and possible global
warming on their low-lying country; 80% of the area is one meter or
less above sea level.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $540 million (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 7% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,800 (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 20%
industry: 18%
services: 62% (1999 est.)
Population below poverty line: NA%