fossil fuel: 26.42%
hydro: 66.61%
nuclear: 0%
other: 6.97% (1998)
Electricity - consumption: 2.914 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - exports: 6 million kWh (1998)
Electricity - imports: 51 million kWh (1998)
Agriculture - products: sugarcane, corn, bananas, coffee, beans,
cardamom; cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens
Exports: $2.4 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities: coffee, sugar, bananas, fruits and vegetables,
meat, apparel, petroleum, electricity
Exports - partners: US 48%, El Salvador 10%, Honduras 6%, Germany 5%,
Costa Rica 4% (1997)
Imports: $4.5 billion (c.i.f., 1999)
Imports - commodities: fuels, machinery and transport equipment,
construction materials, grain, fertilizers, electricity
Imports - partners: US 46%, Mexico 13%, El Salvador 5%, Venezuela 5%,
Japan 4% (1997)
Debt - external: $4.4 billion (1998 est.)
Economic aid - recipient: $212 million (1995)
Currency: 1 quetzal (Q) = 100 centavos
Exchange rates: quetzales (Q) per US$1 - 7.8829 (January 2000), 7.3856
(1999), 6.3947 (1998), 6.0653 (1997), 6.0495 (1996), 5.8103 (1995)
Fiscal year: calendar year
@Guatemala:Communications
Telephones - main lines in use: 342,000 (1996)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 29,999 (1995)
Telephone system: fairly modern network centered in the city of
domestic: NA
international: connected to Central American Microwave System;
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 101, FM 32, shortwave 15 (1998)
Radios: 835,000 (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 6 (plus 17 repeaters) (1997)
Televisions: 640,000 (1997)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 7 (1999)
@Guatemala:Transportation
Railways:
total: 884 km (102 km privately owned)
narrow gauge: 884 km 0.914-m gauge (single track)
Highways:
total: 13,100 km
paved: 3,616 km (including 140 km of expressways)
unpaved: 9,484 km (1996 est.)
Waterways: 260 km navigable year round; additional 730 km navigable
during high-water season
Pipelines: crude oil 275 km
Ports and harbors: Champerico, Puerto Barrios, Puerto Quetzal, San
Jose, Santo Tomas de Castilla
Merchant marine: none (1999 est.)
Airports: 477 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 11
2,438 to 3,047 m: 3
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
914 to 1,523 m: 5
under 914 m: 2 (1999 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 466
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 9
914 to 1,523 m: 124
under 914 m: 332 (1999 est.)
@Guatemala:Military
Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force
Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 3,000,599 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 1,959,050 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 137,607 (2000 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $124 million (FY98)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 0.7% (FY98)
@Guatemala:Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: territory in Belize claimed by Guatemala;
precise alignment of boundary in dispute
Illicit drugs: transit country for cocaine shipments; minor producer
of illicit opium poppy and cannabis for the international drug trade;
active eradication program in 1996 effectively eliminated the cannabis
crop; proximity to Mexico makes Guatemala a major staging area for
drugs (cocaine shipments)
______________________________________________________________________
GUERNSEY
@Guernsey:Introduction
Background: The island of Guernsey and the other Channel Islands
represent the last remnants of the medieval Dukedom of Normandy, which
held sway in both France and England. The islands were the only
British soil occupied by German troops in World War II.
@Guernsey:Geography
Location: Western Europe, islands in the English Channel, northwest of
France
Geographic coordinates: 49 28 N, 2 35 W
Map references: Europe
Area:
total: 194 sq km
land: 194 sq km
water: 0 sq km
note: includes Alderney, Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and some other smaller
islands
Area - comparative: slightly larger than Washington, DC
Land boundaries: 0 km
Coastline: 50 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone: 12 nm
territorial sea: 3 nm
Climate: temperate with mild winters and cool summers; about 50% of
days are overcast
Terrain: mostly level with low hills in southwest
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: unnamed location on Sark 114 m
Natural resources: cropland
Land use:
arable land: NA%
permanent crops: NA%
permanent pastures: NA%
forests and woodland: NA%
other: NA%
Irrigated land: NA sq km
Natural hazards: NA
Environment - current issues: NA
Geography - note: large, deepwater harbor at Saint Peter Port
@Guernsey:People
Population: 64,080 (July 2000 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 16% (male 5,302; female 5,167)
15-64 years: 67% (male 21,171; female 21,523)
65 years and over: 17% (male 4,480; female 6,437) (2000 est.)
Population growth rate: 0.42% (2000 est.)
Birth rate: 10.17 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Death rate: 9.85 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Net migration rate: 3.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 5.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 79.65 years
male: 76.65 years
female: 82.75 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 1.35 children born/woman (2000 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Channel Islander(s)
adjective: Channel Islander
Ethnic groups: UK and Norman-French descent
Religions: Anglican, Roman Catholic, Presbyterian, Baptist,
Congregational, Methodist
Languages: English, French, Norman-French dialect spoken in country
districts
Literacy:
definition: NA
total population: NA%
male: NA%
female: NA%
@Guernsey:Government
Country name:
conventional long form: Bailiwick of Guernsey
conventional short form: Guernsey
Data code: GK
Dependency status: British crown dependency
Government type: NA
Capital: Saint Peter Port
Administrative divisions: none (British crown dependency)
Independence: none (British crown dependency)
National holiday: Liberation Day, 9 May (1945)
Constitution: unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and
practice
Legal system: English law and local statute; justice is administered
by the Royal Court
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)
head of government: Lieutenant Governor Sir John COWARD (since NA
1994) and Bailiff De Vic G. CAREY (since NA)
cabinet: Advisory and Finance Committee appointed by the Assembly of
the States
elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; lieutenant governor
appointed by the monarch; bailiff appointed by the monarch
Legislative branch: unicameral Assembly of the States (59 voting
members - 12 councilors serving six-year terms, half elected every
three years; 33 deputies elected from multi- or single-member
districts every four years; 10 representatives from parish
authorities; 2 representatives from Aldenay; the bailiff and deputy
bailiff; and 2 non-voting members - the Attorney General and the
Solicitor General both appointed by the monarch
elections: last held 20 April 1994 (next to be held NA 2000)
election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - all independents
Judicial branch: Royal Court
Political parties and leaders: none; all independents
International organization participation: none
Diplomatic representation in the US: none (British crown dependency)
Diplomatic representation from the US: none (British crown dependency)
Flag description: white with the red cross of Saint George (patron
saint of England) extending to the edges of the flag and a yellow
equal-armed cross of William the Conqueror superimposed on the Saint
George cross
@Guernsey:Economy
Economy - overview: Financial services - banking, fund management,
insurance, etc. - account for about 55% of total income in this tiny
Channel Island economy. Tourism, manufacturing, and horticulture,
mainly tomatoes and cut flowers, have been declining. Light tax and
death duties make Guernsey a popular tax haven. The evolving economic
integration of the EU nations is changing the rules of the game under
which Guernsey operates.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $1.15 billion (1997 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 2.3% (1997 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $18,100 (1997 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 4%
industry: 10%
services: 86% (1999 est.)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.7% (1997 est.)
Labor force: NA
Unemployment rate: 0.5% (1997 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $300.8 million
expenditures: $298.1 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1998 est.)
Industries: tourism, banking
Industrial production growth rate: NA%
Electricity - production: NA kWh
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: NA%
hydro: NA%
nuclear: NA%
other: NA%
Electricity - consumption: NA kWh
Electricity - exports: NA kWh
Electricity - imports: NA kWh
Agriculture - products: tomatoes, greenhouse flowers, sweet peppers,
eggplant, fruit; Guernsey cattle
Exports: $NA
Exports - commodities: tomatoes, flowers and ferns, sweet peppers,
eggplant, other vegetables
Exports - partners: UK (regarded as internal trade)
Imports: $NA
Imports - commodities: coal, gasoline, oil, machinery and equipment
Imports - partners: UK (regarded as internal trade)
Debt - external: $NA
Economic aid - recipient: $NA
Currency: 1 Guernsey pound = 100 pence
Exchange rates: Guernsey pounds per US$1 - 0.6092 (January 2000),
0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996), 0.6335
(1995); note - the Guernsey pound is at par with the British pound
Fiscal year: calendar year
@Guernsey:Communications
Telephones - main lines in use: 41,850 (1983)
Telephones - mobile cellular: NA
Telephone system:
domestic: NA
international: 1 submarine cable
Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 1, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios: NA
Television broadcast stations: 1 (1997)
Televisions: NA
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): NA
@Guernsey:Transportation
Railways: 0 km
Highways:
total: NA km
paved: NA km
unpaved: NA km
Ports and harbors: Saint Peter Port, Saint Sampson
Merchant marine: none (1999 est.)
Airports: 2 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 1
under 914 m: 1 (1999 est.)
@Guernsey:Military
Military - note: defense is the responsibility of the UK
@Guernsey:Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: none
______________________________________________________________________
GUINEA
@Guinea:Introduction
Background: Independent from France since 1958, Guinea did not hold
democratic elections until 1993 when Gen. Lansana CONTE (head of the
military government) was elected president in disputed balloting.
Security clampdowns continue, although not as severe as in earlier
decades. Reelected in 1998, the president faced growing criticism in
1999 for his jailing of a major opposition leader and widespread
economic malaise. Unrest in Sierra Leone also continued to threaten
Guinea's stability.
@Guinea:Geography
Location: Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between
Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone
Geographic coordinates: 11 00 N, 10 00 W
Map references: Africa
Area:
total: 245,857 sq km
land: 245,857 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Oregon
Land boundaries:
total: 3,399 km
border countries: Cote d'Ivoire 610 km, Guinea-Bissau 386 km, Liberia
563 km, Mali 858 km, Senegal 330 km, Sierra Leone 652 km
Coastline: 320 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to
November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with
northeasterly harmattan winds
Terrain: generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mont Nimba 1,752 m
Natural resources: bauxite, iron ore, diamonds, gold, uranium,
hydropower, fish
Land use:
arable land: 2%
permanent crops: 0%
permanent pastures: 22%
forests and woodland: 59%
other: 17% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 930 sq km (1993 est.)
Natural hazards: hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility
during dry season
Environment - current issues: deforestation; inadequate supplies of
potable water; desertification; soil contamination and erosion;
overfishing, overpopulation in forest region
Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered
Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection,
Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
@Guinea:People
Population: 7,466,200 (July 2000 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 43.38% (male 1,614,789; female 1,623,691)
15-64 years: 53.95% (male 1,966,929; female 2,060,877)
65 years and over: 2.68% (male 82,376; female 117,538) (2000 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.95% (2000 est.)
Birth rate: 40.08 births/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Death rate: 17.86 deaths/1,000 population (2000 est.)
Net migration rate: -2.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2000 est.)
note: over the years Guinea has received several hundred thousand
refugees from the civil wars in Liberia and Sierra Leone; by the end
of 1999 all Liberian refugees were assumed to have returned; refugees
from Sierra Leone are assumed to be returning
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.7 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2000 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 130.98 deaths/1,000 live births (2000 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 45.56 years
male: 43.16 years
female: 48.02 years (2000 est.)
Total fertility rate: 5.46 children born/woman (2000 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Guinean(s)
adjective: Guinean
Ethnic groups: Peuhl 40%, Malinke 30%, Soussou 20%, smaller ethnic
groups 10%
Religions: Muslim 85%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs 7%
Languages: French (official), each ethnic group has its own language
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 35.9%
male: 49.9%
female: 21.9% (1995 est.)
@Guinea:Government
Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Guinea
conventional short form: Guinea
local long form: Republique de Guinee
local short form: Guinee
former: French Guinea
Data code: GV
Government type: republic
Capital: Conakry
Administrative divisions: 4 administrative regions (regions
administrative, singular - region administrative) and 1 special zone
(zone speciale)*; Conakry*, Guinee, Guinee-Forestiere, Haute-Guinee,
Moyen-Guinee
Independence: 2 October 1958 (from France)
National holiday: Anniversary of the Second Republic, 3 April (1984)
Constitution: 23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale)
Legal system: based on French civil law system, customary law, and
decree; legal codes currently being revised; has not accepted
compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Lansana CONTE (head of military government
since 5 April 1984, elected president 19 December 1993)
head of government: Prime Minister Lamine SIDIME (since 8 March 1999)
cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president
elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;
candidate must receive a majority of the votes cast to be elected
president; election last held 14 December 1998 (next to be held NA
December 2003); the prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Lansana CONTE reelected president; percent of vote -
Lansana CONTE (PUP) 56.1%, Mamadou Boye BA (UNR-PRP) 24.6%, Alpha
CONDE (RPG) 16.6%,
Legislative branch: unicameral People's National Assembly or Assemblee
Nationale Populaire (114 seats; members are elected by direct popular
vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 11 June 1995 (next to be held NA 2000)
election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PUP
71, RPG 19, PRP 9, UNR 9, UPG 2, PDG 1, UNPG 1, PDG-RDA 1, other 1
Judicial branch: Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel
Political parties and leaders: Democratic Party of Guinea or PDG-AST
; Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally or
PDG-RDA ; Party for Unity and
Progress or PUP - the governing party; Party for
Renewal and Progress or PRP ; Rally for the Guinean
People or RPG ; Union for Progress of Guinea or UPG
; Union for the New Republic or
UNR
International organization participation: ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA,
ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC,
IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO
(correspondent), ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD,
UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Mohamed Aly THIAM
chancery: 2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: (202) 483-9420
FAX: (202) 483-8688
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Joyce E. LEADER
embassy: Rue Ka 038, Conakry
mailing address: B. P. 603, Conakry
telephone: 41 15 20, 41 15 21, 41 15 23
FAX: 41 15 22
Flag description: three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side),
yellow, and green; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia;
similar to the flag of Rwanda, which has a large black letter R
centered in the yellow band
@Guinea:Economy
Economy - overview: Guinea possesses major mineral, hydropower, and
agricultural resources, yet remains a poor underdeveloped nation. The
agricultural sector employs 80% of the work force. Guinea possesses
over 25% of the world's bauxite reserves and is the second largest
bauxite producer. The mining sector accounted for about 75% of exports
in 1998. Long-run improvements in government fiscal arrangements,
literacy, and the legal framework are needed if the country is to move
out of poverty. The government made encouraging progress in budget
management in 1997-99. Even with a recovery in prices for some of
Guinea's main commodity exports, annual GDP is unlikely to increase by
more than 5% in 2000-2001.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $9.2 billion (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 3.7% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,200 (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 24%
industry: 31%
services: 45% (1996 est.)
Population below poverty line: NA%
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 0.9%
highest 10%: 31.7% (1991)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.5% (1999 est.)
Labor force: 2.4 million (1983)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 80%, industry and commerce
11%, services 5.4%, civil service 3.6%
Unemployment rate: NA%
Budget:
revenues: $553 million
expenditures: $652 million, including capital expenditures of $317
million (1995 est.)
Industries: bauxite, gold, diamonds; alumina refining; light
manufacturing and agricultural processing industries
Industrial production growth rate: 3.2% (1994)
Electricity - production: 535 million kWh (1998)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 63.55%
hydro: 36.45%
nuclear: 0%
other: 0% (1998)
Electricity - consumption: 498 million kWh (1998)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (1998)
Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (1998)
Agriculture - products: rice, coffee, pineapples, palm kernels,
cassava (tapioca), bananas, sweet potatoes; cattle, sheep, goats;
timber
Exports: $695 million (f.o.b., 1998 est.)
Exports - commodities: bauxite, alumina, gold, diamonds, coffee, fish,
agricultural products
Exports - partners: Russia, US, Benelux, Ukraine, Ireland, Spain
(1997)
Imports: $560 million (f.o.b., 1998 est.)
Imports - commodities: petroleum products, metals, machinery,
transport equipment, textiles, grain and other foodstuffs (1997)
Imports - partners: France, Cote d'Ivoire, US, Benelux, Hong Kong
(1997)
Debt - external: $3.15 billion (1998 est.)
Economic aid - recipient: $433.6 million (1995)
Currency: 1 Guinean franc (FG) = 100 centimes
Exchange rates: Guinean francs (FG) per US$1 - 1,292.5 (January 1999),
1,236.8 (1998), 1,095.3 (1997), 1,004.0 (1996), 991.4 (1995)
Fiscal year: calendar year
@Guinea:Communications
Telephones - main lines in use: 11,000 (1995)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 950 (1995)
Telephone system: poor to fair system of open-wire lines, small
radiotelephone communication stations, and new microwave radio relay
system
domestic: microwave radio relay and radiotelephone communication
international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 4, FM 8, shortwave 3 (1998)
Radios: 357,000 (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 6 (1997)
Televisions: 85,000 (1997)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): NA
@Guinea:Transportation
Railways:
total: 1,086 km
standard gauge: 279 km 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 807 km 1.000-m gauge (includes 662 km in common carrier
service from Kankan to Conakry)
Highways:
total: 30,500 km
paved: 5,033 km
unpaved: 25,467 km (1996 est.)
Waterways: 1,295 km navigable by shallow-draft native craft
Ports and harbors: Boke, Conakry, Kamsar
Merchant marine: none (1999 est.)
Airports: 15 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 5
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 1
1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 (1999 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 10
1,524 to 2,437 m: 5
914 to 1,523 m: 4
under 914 m: 1 (1999 est.)
@Guinea:Military
Military branches: Army, Navy, Air Force, Republican Guard,
Presidential Guard, paramilitary National Gendarmerie, National Police
Force (Surete National)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 1,721,941 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 869,442 (2000 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $56 million (FY96)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 1.4% (FY96)
@Guinea:Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: none
______________________________________________________________________
GUINEA
______________________________________________________________________
GUYANA
@Guyana:Introduction
Background: Guyana achieved independence from the UK in 1966 and
became a republic in 1970. In 1989 Guyana launched an Economic
Recovery Program, which marked a dramatic reversal from a
state-controlled, socialist economy towards a more open, free market
system. Results through the first decade have proven encouraging.
@Guyana:Geography
Location: Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean,
between Suriname and Venezuela
Geographic coordinates: 5 00 N, 59 00 W
Map references: South America
Area:
total: 214,970 sq km
land: 196,850 sq km
water: 18,120 sq km
Area - comparative: slightly smaller than Idaho
Land boundaries:
total: 2,462 km
border countries: Brazil 1,119 km, Suriname 600 km, Venezuela 743 km
Coastline: 459 km
Maritime claims:
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the outer edge of the continental
margin
exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: tropical; hot, humid, moderated by northeast trade winds; two
rainy seasons (May to mid-August, mid-November to mid-January)
Terrain: mostly rolling highlands; low coastal plain; savanna in south
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Mount Roraima 2,835 m