Machiavelli, studied by La Fontaine,
I. 154. Frederic the Great's
work against the principles of, II.
40.
Maillezieux, bishop of, correspondence
of Rabelais with the, I. 28.
30. "Letters from Italy" to, 37.
Maine, duchess du, festivities at her
château of Sceaux, II. 48.
Maintenon, madame de, I. 87. Her
portrait of the duke de la Rochefoucauld,
88. Her friendship for
madame de Coulanges, 234.
Anecdotes of, 236. 237. 248. 282.
283. 320. 322. 323. Her estate of
Maintenon, II. 21.
Mairet, his tragedy of "Sophonisbe,"
I. 44.
Malesherbes, M. de, Rousseau's correspondence
with, II. 136. His
benevolent attentions to Rousseau,
151. 152.
Manardi, Medical Epistles of, I. 37.
Mancini, nieces of cardinal Mazarin,
I. 159. 172.
Marmontel, M., his visit to Voltaire
at Ferney, II. 90-94.
Marot, Clément, admired by La
Fontaine, I. 154.
Marsillac, prince de, I. 65. His advice
to the duchess de Chevreuse,
66. _See_ Duke de la Rochefoucauld.
Marsillac, prince de, son of the
above, assists the duke of Rochefoucauld
in the battle of St. Antoine,
I. 81. Espouses his cousin,
Mlle. de la Roche-Guyon, 83.
Attends the duke his father in
his last illness, 89.
Mattecoulon, M. de, brother to
Montaigne, I. 15.
Maucroix, poet and scholar, I. 154.
Maupertuis, M. de, II. 39. 65. His
dissension with Voltaire at Potzdam,
66. "Akakia," a satire by
Voltaire on, 66. 67. He challenges
Voltaire, who laughs at
him, 68.
Maurepas, count de, II. 45. 295. 302.
Mauroy, poetry of, I. 265.
Mazarin, cardinal, succeeds Richelieu,
I. 66. Is minister in the
regency of Anne of Austria, 66.
Imprisons the princes Condé,
Conti, and Longueville, 72. Is
obliged to fly, 73. Successes of,
in the royal cause, 81. Is displaced
for a time, for the sake of
an accommodation of the civil
dissensions, 82. On his return to
power he permits de la Rochefoucauld
to appear at court, 84.
Mazarin, duchess of, I. 159. 172.
Ménage, instructs Marie de Rabutin-Chantal,
I. 216.
Mersenne, le Père, scientific correspondence
of, I. 192.
Mirabeau, Gabriel Honoré, marquis
of, descended from an Italian
family named Arrighetti, II.
195. His grandfather, Jean Antoine,
196. His father, comte Victor
de Mirabeau, wrote "L'Ami
des Hommes," 197. The comté's
marriage, 198. His lady's domestic
happiness obstructed by a madame
de Pailly, a beautiful woman, who
chose to reside with them, 198.
The marquis's idea of his own
infallibility, 199. He became a
persecutor of his son, Gabriel
Honoré, the fifth child, 199.; who
was born with teeth, and suffered
severely from the small-pox, 199.
His early talent, 199. Memoirs
of Mirabeau, by M. Lucas Montigny,
noticed, 200, n. Madame
de Pailly cruel to this boy, 201.
His early education, 201. Severity
of his father, 202. The abbé
Choquart, his preceptor, proud
of him, 202. Is sent to join the
marquis de Lambert's regiment,
202. His subsequent expostulations
with his hard-hearted parent,
who had imprisoned him in
the fortress of the Isle of Rhé,
204. The governor sends him on
the expedition to Corsica, 204.
His history of that island, and an
Itinerary from personal observation,
204. He avows his liking
for the military profession, 205.
His father praises him on his return,
206. Marries the daughter
of the marquis de Marignane,
207. He incurs debts, 207. His
father procures a lettre-de-cachet
to confine him, 208. He writes
an "Essay on Despotism," 208.
Becomes jealous of the chevalier
de Gassaud, 209. On hearing his
explanation, he escapes to forward
his projected marriage by
pleading for him, 209. Meets a
nobleman who had insulted his
sister, and gives him a blow, 209.
His father hearing of his evasion,
shuts him up in a dismal castle,
209. His love adventures, 211.
He escapes with Sophie de Ruffey
de Monnier, to Holland, 215.
Translates for the booksellers of
Amsterdam, 215. M. de Monnier
proceeds against the fugitives,
who are condemned to
punishment, 216. He is imprisoned
at Vincennes, 217. His
letters, 217. Fate of Sophie
de Monnier, 222, n. He quits
prison on coming to terms with
his father, 224. He tries by law
to oblige his wife to live with
him, 224. Fails in his suit,
224. Is no longer injured by
private enemies, 227. Is esteemed,
and employed in public services,
228. His impetuous eloquence,
228. He foresees the
revolution, 228. Desires to be
elected a representative to the
states-general, 230. The nobles
of Provence exclude him
by a vote from their body,
231. The people greet him on
his return towards Paris, 232.
Allays some outbreaks of the
people of Marseilles and of Aix,
233. Is elected deputy from both
those places, 234. Takes his seat
in the tiers-état, 234. He declares
the power of the people to
be independent of the crown,
236. His eloquence in the debates,
239. Death of his father,
240. His speeches all-powerful
with the assembly, 241. Supports
the financial proposition of
Necker for a tax on property, 243.
His influence preponderates over
every other, 245. Accused of
being an Orleanist, 246. 247. His
negotiations with the court, 248.
249. His speech on the question
of the National Convention,
250. His hôtel sumptuously
provided, 251. His _treaty_ with
the court, in the handwriting of
Louis XVIII., 252. He declines
in health, 253. His right to stand
up as a dictator in the assembly
questioned, 254. His policy was
to head a moderate party of royalists,
and to repress the Jacobins,
248. 250. 254. The king and
the people alike anxious for his
recovery, 255. His opinion of
William Pitt, 256. His death,
aged forty-two, in 1791, 256.
He was the first buried in the
Pantheon, 257. Courageous and
warm-hearted, 258. His sayings
and bon-mots are on record, 258.
His style of oratory, 259. His
military talents, 259.
"Misanthrope, Le," of Molière, I.
5.
Molière, Jean Baptiste Poquelin,
considered by Boileau as the first
writer of his day, I. 97. His parentage
respectable, 97. Education
of, 98. Taught by Gassendi,
99. Does the duty of valet-de-chambre
to Louis XIII. for his
father, 100. Studies the law at
Orléans, 101. Private theatricals
with some young friends, 101.
Makes the stage his profession,
101. His company of actors, 102.
Ill success of his "Thebaid" prevents
his writing tragedy, 103.
His early comedies, 103. 105. Performs
in the provinces, 102. 105.
On the restoration of tranquillity
at Paris, his company perform in
presence of Louis XIV. and the
queen-mother, 106. They are
styled "Les Comédiens de Monsieur,"
107. His success in dramatic
satire, 110. His "Ecole des
Maris," 111. 112. Account of
"Les Fâcheux," a satirical farce,
112. Louis XIV. commands Molière
to introduce a sporting character,
113. Anecdotes of the rebuffs
experienced by the dramatist
as royal valet-de-chambre, 114.
Louis protects him, 114. Scandal
relative to Molière refuted, 115, n.
118. His marriage, 116. Not
productive of Felicity, 117. 131.
Writes the "Critique de l'Ecole
des Femmes" in reply to his detractors,
131. His "Impromptu
de Versailles," 131. Louis XIV. is
godfather to Molière's eldest child,
118. Molière performs "Sganarelle,"
119. His "Tartuffe,"
anecdotes as to, 119. 120. Tumult
of soldiers at his theatre,
121. The "Misanthrope," 122.
"Amphitryon," scene from the,
124. "George Dandin," scene
from, 127. "L'Avare," criticised
by Schlegel, 127. Success of "Le
Tartuffe" on its representation,
129. Molière a favourite of Parisian
society, 130. Anecdotes of
his circle of friends, 131. His
house at Auteuil, 131. His portraiture
of himself, 131, n. His
"Monsieur de Pourceaugnac,"
132. "Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme"
approved by Louis XIV.,
133. "Fourberies de Scapin,"
134. "Les Femmes Savantes,"
scene from, 135. His "Malade
Imaginaire," 138. His own malady
unfeigned, 139. Death of
Molière, aged fifty-one, 139. 147.
Mode of his burial because a
player, 140. 141. His generosity,
143. Talent as an actor, 144. Criticism
of his works, 145. 146. Eloge
of, 148. Marriage of his widow,
148.; and of his daughter, 149.
His prediction as to "le bon homme"
La Fontaine, 160. Molière
willing to employ Racine as a
young dramatic writer of promise,
304. His quarrel with Racine on
the ill-success of "Andromaque,"
304. His admiration of Racine's
"Les Plaideurs," 311. Further
allusions to, 262. 372.
Molina, the jesuit, I. 200.
Molinists, their controversy with
the Jansenists, I. 201. Louis XIV.'s
predilection for their doctrine,
II. 6.
Mondorge, comedian, relieved by
Molière when in need, I. 143.
Montaigne, Michel de, born Feb. 8.
1533, in Périgord, I. 1. Pierre
Eyquem, seigneur de Montaigne,
his father, 1. Education of Michel,
2. Taught to speak Latin
from his cradle, 3. Tardiness
of his mind in infancy, 4. He
loses at school the power of
speaking good Latin acquired as
a child, 5. Fond of Ovid's "Metamorphoses,"
5. Reads Virgil, Terence,
and Plautus, 5. Memory
defective, 6. His cheerful temper,
6, n. Lively imagination, 6, n.
Pourtrays the character of Etienne
de la Boétie, 7. Poem of
the latter on their friendship, 7.
Death of Boétie, 9. He marries,
and is a good husband and tender
father, 9. He loses his father
Pierre Eyquem, 9. Is careful of
his paternal inheritance, 10. Domestic
habits, 10. Writes his Essays,
7. 10. His travels in France,
10. Visits the court and capital,
10. His moderation in politics,
11. He complains of the religious
feuds, and of his being pillaged,
12. Takes no measures for
defence of his château of Montaigne,
12. Is surprised by an
officer and his party, who refrain
from injuring him, 14. His calm
composure again preserves him
from danger when taken prisoner,
14. Afflicted by painful disorders
he resorts to Plombières for the
waters, and proceeds to Munich,
&c., 15. 16. He visits Venice and
Rome, 17. Is well received by
the pope, 17. Familiar with Roman
history, 17. He prints two
books of his Essays, 17. Mode
of treating the papal censures,
17. His pleasure on being declared
a citizen of Rome by a
bull for that purpose, 18. He
offers a silver sculptured tablet,
at the shrine of Loretto, 18. 19.
His wife, and daughter Eléanore,
19. Sojourns at Lucca, 19. Is
elected mayor of Bordeaux,
crosses Mont Cénis and arrives
at his château of Montaigne, 19.
Is commanded by the king to till
the office of mayor, and is re-elected
to the same, 19. His decline
and bad state of health, 19.
His friendship for mademoiselle
Marie de Gournay le Jars, and
portrait of that lady, 20, n. His
resignation when attacked with a
fatal quinsy, 20. His devout behavioural.
Dies 13th Sept. 1592.,
21. His disposition and vivacity,
21. Descendants of, by his daughter
Eléanore, 21, n. Edition of
his Essays dedicated to Richelieu,
21. Instructive and entertaining
character of the Essays, 22. Their
originality, 22.
Montaigu, M., ambassador to Venice,
his character, II. 128.
Montauzier, duke of, husband of
Julie d'Angennes, I. 128. 263, n.
312.
Montespan, madame de, I. 167.
244, n. 279. 282.
Montfleuri, tragedian, cause of his
death, I. 308.
Montpellier, the faculty at, I. 27.
Duprat, chancélier, deprives the
physicians of their privileges, who
are defended by Rabelais, 27.
Montpensier, mademoiselle de,
daughter of Gaston d'Orléans, I.
81. Her spirit in the contest before
the walls of Paris, 82. Her
intercourse with madame de Sévigné,
217.