For BEE and WASP STINGS apply the tinctu_Mother, Nurse and Infant A Manual Especially Adapted for the Guidance of Mothers and Monthly Nurses, Comprising Full Instruction in Regard To Pregnancy, Preparation for Child-birth, and the Care of Mother and Child, and Designed to Impart so Much Knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Midwifery, and the Proper Use of Medicines as Will Serve Intelligently to Direct the Wife, Mother and Nurse in All Emergencies.

LEAN FRESH MEAT is the best absorbant substance to apply to relieve the

pain of a WASP STING.

“To give relief to a child that has the EARACHE close the mouth and blow

into the nose.”

Children suffering from whooping cough should inhale the vapor of

turpentine. Place this on plates and allow these to stand in the room.

Where there are suppurative DISCHARGES FROM THE EAR, the dry dressing

with ABSORBENT COTTON, after dry cleansing with the same, protects the

wound from the air, and attracts the discharge from the middle ear. It

is mildly stimulant and conduces to healing.

For SOFT CORNS wear loose shoes, and every morning place a little

ABSORBANT COTTON between the toes.

For mosquito bites apply a mixture of carbolic acid and glycerine in the

proportion of one of the former to twenty of the latter.

For the vomiting which often complicates cases of CONSUMPTION and

chronic BRONCHITIS, give three or four grains of alum in a little ginger

tea every three or four hours.

INHALATIONS OF STEAM are useful in quinsy; and all affections of the

throat that are painful, are much relieved by inhaling steam impregnated

with the oil of peppermint.

TEA AND COFFEE are of some value in nervous headaches produced by

cerebral congestion, and are indicated when the face is flushed.

A weak solution of COMMON SALT snuffed up into the nose daily, is a

remedy for CHRONIC CATARRH; if a decoction of GREEN TEA is snuffed up

immediately afterward the remedy is more effectual.

Cold tea is a good mild astringent application to sore eyes.

Patients who suffer at night from cramps may find relief by having the

head of the bed raised. Cause the head of the bed to be raised the

thickness of two bricks.

Those persons who are troubled with dizziness after smoking early in the

morning, may avoid it generally by not smoking until after eating.

To remove needles, nails, &c., from the extremities, make a small

incision at the place of entrance through the skin, and with an obtuse

pointed stick, and the stronger solution of carbolic acid on the end of

it, by a boring action penetrate to the necessary depth, occasionally

making search with a metalic probe to learn of its whereabouts. When

reached remove with small forceps.

For PRURITIS PUDENDI, NEURALGIA, TOOTHACHE, SICKNESS and vomiting, when

these are due to the pregnant state, apply a blister to the back, over

the fourth and fifth dorsal vertebra.

Children who are exceedingly SHORT SIGHTED, may by WEARING GLASSES be

benefitted, not only physically but mentally; becoming more active and

lively and less reserved and taciturn. A child may be thought a dullard,

and to have no aptitude for observation or learning, because his

misfortune is to have bad sight; and such a character may be fastened

upon him for life, because in his young days he was cut off from the

enjoyment of the visible world which his fellows were favored with.

Oculists say that when with the arrival of middle life the focusing

power of the eye declines so far that at the usual distance for reading,

a sufficient adjusting force no longer exists, it is the preferable

thing to put on WEAK MAGNIFYING GLASSES, to take off strain, rather than

to postpone their use as long as possible. My own opinion is that when a

man can, by sitting with his back to the window and holding a book in

the light, at the usual distance from the eye, read the fine print of

the newspapers, it is better to avoid wearing magnifying glasses. But we

should always be careful to have the light shine on the paper, and not

on our eyes when we are reading.

Many invalids, especially those who suffer from uterine disease, are

distressed to find that they begin to fail to command the services of

their eyes. When persons are recovering from any severe illness such as

fever, or from protracted exhaustion, or after prolonged lactation, or

watching with invalids, or great loss of sleep; where there has been

much grief and weeping, or a severe mental strain, or loss of blood, or

in severe or chronic dyspepsia, impaired eye power is pretty sure to

appear. The essential condition to recovery lies in restoration to

vigor, and sound health, and habits.

They can probably develop and recover their ocular energy by the

graduated use of their eyes, beginning with short periods and advancing

by small additions.

Ladies that suffer from painful menstruation should not read in bed at

the time of the menstrual flow. Weakly persons should not read while

lying down; and to them umbrellas, and parasols, and colored glasses

become needful as protection from the sun and wind. For such it is

hurtful to read in railway cars or in carriages; and to them an

atmosphere of smoke, or the air of an ill ventilated, crowded, or

brightly lighted room is injurious.

For SLEEPLESSNESS the best remedy is to so REGULATE THE BREATHING that

it shall induce the right circulation in the brain, and the repose of

the faculties. In breathing have the inspirations and expirations of

equal length, and it will at least conduce to the repose of the brain.

For a SLIGHT ILLNESS all that you need to do very often is to breathe

full, so as to make deep inspirations for half an hour; and you can rear

healthy children if you can secure to them good round chests. To do

this, first measure each of them with a tape; then teach them to

practice forced inspiration through the nostrils several times a day;

offer a prize for the first inch gained in circumference. Flat chested

children will soon grow round and full, and the breathing space large.

The result will be good health of the children.

A child not more than four years old is sometimes afflicted with

DIABETIS; this is usually due to farinaceous food, and the child should

be debarred from starchy food and sugar.

One important means to arrest BLEEDING FROM THE NOSE is to put a tight

ligature on a finger or on a larger limb. An attempt may also be made to

check the hemorrhage by firmly grasping the nose with the finger and

thumb, so as to prevent any air from passing through the cavity.

A GARGLE of strong BLACK PEPPER TEA used freely will sometimes be an

effectual remedy for APHONIA, when the patient is not able to speak

louder than a whisper.

CHAPTER IV.

DIETETICS—FOOD FOR CHILDREN.

But little pure milk can be obtained in cities, and a substitute may

sometimes be used; but where good milk can be obtained, it may usually

be made the principal food of young persons.

The mother’s milk, if the mothers are healthy, is the best food for

infants; and those that nurse should not as a general rule be weaned

during the summer months, when diarrhœas most prevail. When the mother

has a sufficient quantity of milk, an infant requires and should receive

no other food but breast milk until the sixth and perhaps the ninth

month, when other food than breast milk must be provided. New-born

babies until the age of twenty-one days should be fed with one part of

milk to three of water; between the ages of three and six weeks, with

one of milk and two of water; from six weeks to three months, two of

milk to three of water; at three months, half milk and half water; at

six months three of milk and one of water. It should be good new milk,

and the water should be warm, or only hot enough to bring the

temperature to that of breast milk.

This diet is better than any variety of starch food, but if the best

milk that is obtainable does not agree well with the child, a light

gruel made from any of the derivatives of starch may be substituted for

water in the above admixtures. If a feeding bottle is used, the food

should be given at regular intervals, as has been heretofore directed in

regard to nursing. As soon as the child’s meal is over, the tube should

be removed from its mouth. The bottle and teat should be thoroughly

washed after each meal, and the former always kept in a basin of cold

water when not in use. A sweet feeding bottle is of great importance,

and neglect of scrupulous attention to it is a frequent cause of

sickness in a child.

A few more general directions will be given to afford some guide under

varying circumstances.

The degree of dilution of the milk may vary with the richness of the

milk used.

When the mother gives evidence of feebleness it may be best to wean the

child at six months, or even sooner if the mother evidently suffers from

lactation. If the mother’s health is robust it may be well to nurse it

to the twelfth or thirteenth month, but we should always endeavor to

know whether the child thrives best on the mother’s milk. Before the

twelfth month she should gradually diminish the allowance of the breast,

and increase the supply of suitable food; perhaps suckling the child

twice in the twenty-four hours, and otherwise feeding it at proper

intervals.

If the child is weaned at seven or eight months or later, it may take

for a meal a breakfast-cup full of milk to which is added a teaspoonful

of lime water, or a weak solution of soda; and sometimes it may take the

yolk of an egg well beaten up in a teacupful of milk, or a dessert

spoonful of pearl barley jelly dissolved in a breakfast-cup full of warm

milk, and slightly sweetened with white sugar.

FOOD FOR INFANTS OR FOR THE SICK should neither be rewarmed nor kept

warm on a stove or in an oven, especially if either sugar or salt has

been added to the composition; it is better to prepare no more than is

required at once, but if any should remain and be used, let it be

brought to a proper warmth by the addition of a little hot water, broth,

or gruel, as the case may be.

Food made of bread so as to constitute pap or PANADA has a great

tendency to become sour, and a quantity only sufficient for a single

meal should be made at a time.

OATMEAL and INDIAN MEAL have a loosening effect upon the bowels, but

these as well as wheaten bread, contain more nutritive matter than sago,

tapioca, and similar substances which may be regarded as modifications

of starch.

For the sick have hot things very hot, and cold things very cold. Food

should never be prepared in the presence of the sick, nor so that the

smell of cooking be allowed to reach them if it can be avoided.

Never taste of the patient’s food in her presence or with her spoon;

give food regularly, but in most cases the patient should not be roused

from sleep for food; some light food at night will often serve to send

the patient to sleep.

Rice forms an excellent diet for the sick and for convalescents.

COOKING FOR THE SICK AND FOR YOUNG PERSONS.

PRELIMINARY REMARKS. Cleanliness is eminently essential in cooking for

the sick and for infants. The vessel in which milk or gruel is boiled

should not be used for anything greasy or seasoned; a sauce pan in which

broth has been made, flavored perhaps with onions or parsley, unless

very nicely cleaned will impart a disagreeable taste to delicate food.

Whatever vessel is used the food should not be allowed to remain in it,

but should be poured out as soon as done, and the vessel put to soak in

cold water. If it is of tin it should soon be cleansed with wood ashes,

but enameled sauce pans or granitized iron ware may be washed clean;

when taken down for use wipe with a clean, dry cloth.

For stirring use either a silver or wooden spoon; not one of iron or

other metal.

The earthenware dishes, basins or whatever else may be used for keeping

food already cooked, or for milk, should be scalded after using, made

perfectly dry with a clean cloth, and left to become quite cold before

milk broth or whatever it may be, is put into them. For preserving

liquids (broth, gruel, or milk), a wide, shallow vessel is better than a

thin, narrow one; milk should never be kept in a jug; cooked food should

not be shut in with a lid; a hair sieve, or wire cover, or common

colander may preserve from cats, mice, slugs, &c.

The cake of fat which collects on the top of broth tends to preserve the

liquor while it remains unbroken; but if the skin or fat at top is

broken, and if the broth or gruel is designed for use at a subsequent

meal, the fat should be removed, and the remainder should be transferred

to a clean, dry vessel.

FOOD FOR CONVALESCENTS.

Many questions in regard to diet are left by the physician to the nurse,

especially while she has the care of convalescents. I give for her

guidance a few more aphorisms and directions:

1. While it is true that as a general rule people who like salt,

vinegar, &c., ought to be allowed to gratify their taste, and that the

cravings of a sick person are not always to be denied, yet appetite and

taste were intended to govern the choice and quantity of food in health;

and even then, they should be guided by reason and experience. Such

articles as fruit, jam, cake, cheese, butter, and milk may generally be

taken if there is a craving for them, but if they are not digested, the

stomach must be consulted, and not the cravings. Milk and eggs are

important articles of food, but they must not be forced upon the

patient; cheese is sometimes craved; it is concentrated nutriment, but

in some person’s stomachs it is digestible, and it may perhaps favor

digestion of other food; do not entirely disregard the desires and taste

of the patient; as a rule if meat is craved it is allowable, and it is

better to chew and swallow it, than it is to chew it and spit out its

nutritive contents.

2. During convalescence, as soon as ANIMAL FOOD can be taken with

impunity, that which is most digestible should be selected. With the

exception of poultry the flesh of middle aged animals affords the most

digestible food. Keeping animal food for a certain time before it is

cooked lessens the density of the fibre and renders it more tender, but

the utmost caution is requisite to prevent the change from advancing so

far as to present the slightest trace of taint in the food.

3. GELLATINE in the form of BOUILLON or concentrated broths is valuable

in fevers, &c., as an addition to other diet, as it prevents or rather

retards the process of denutrition.

4. SOUR MILK is to some sick persons and convalescents an agreeable

beverage, and in cases of atonic dyspepsia and many other cases, it is a

good adjuvant in the treatment of slow digestion, where flatulence and a

sensation of cramp in the stomach are prominent symptoms. The good

effects of drinking a tumbler full or half a tumbler full of ordinary

cold sour milk or BUTTERMILK, is probably owing in a measure, to the

lactic acid which it contains. It may be taken regularly half an hour

after each meal, in cases of weak stomach.

5. MILK is digestible when it is drunk immediately after it is drawn

from the udder of the cow or that of the goat, but it is often necessary

in convalescence to dilute it in water. It may be kept for some time

from souring in warm weather by adding to each quart fifteen grains of

bicarbonate of soda. When there is evidence of over-acidity of the

stomach, lime water may be added in any proportion up to one-half.

6. RAW EGG somewhat in the form of an emulsion, has been useful in

certain diseases. Four raw eggs may be beaten up in a pint of cold

water, a little flavoring and sugar added, and the patient may take it

by sips during the day. This is a light and nutritive diet, but eggs are

much less digestible in this form than when they are lightly boiled.

7. RAW OYSTERS are somewhat nutritive, but are not easy of digestion.

LOBSTERS, CRABS, PRAWNS, CRAYFISH, SCALLOPS, and other shell fish are

more objectionable than oysters. FISH, especially of the white kind, is

not stimulating; if it is simply boiled it is admissable for

convalescents, and for those laboring under some acute diseases. In the

decline of fevers some animal food may be given; first beef tea, chicken

broth, and mutton broth, and other liquid animal decoctions; then white

fish and a more generous diet.

8. The value of soups depends upon the freshness of the meat, the manner

in which they are boiled, and the delicacy with which they are seasoned;

for the latter any of the vegetable condiments may be used according to

the taste of the consumer.

9. The nurse should know that certain articles in a certain form cannot

be digested in the stomach, because they cannot be dissolved in the

fluid contained there. Rich pastry, pieces of hard potato, rich puddings

and dumplings, hard stringy meat, and greasy fibred meat, new bread, and

rolls that are not well baked are, in general, indigestible. Pie is not

essentially indigestible; indeed indigestibility cannot be affirmed of

any article of food, apart from a consideration of the digestive

capacity of the particular stomach, the powers of which are to be

tested.

10. Some mild ESCULENT ROOTS are fitted for the use of the sick if they

are boiled in two waters, but they are not well adapted to those who are

liable to sour stomachs. Some vegetables, on account of their peculiar

qualities, have peculiar effects as remedies. It is asserted that

spinach and asparagus act as diuretics, dandelion as a tonic and

laxative, tomatoes as a cholagogue, beets and turnips as a tonic,

onions, garlic, and leeks as stimulants and narcotics, the red onion as

a narcotic in neuralgia and insomnia, and cabbages, tomatoes, and other

salad material as anti-scorbutics.

11. FRUITS produce the most diversified effects; but peaches and

nectarines, very soluble pears if they are ripe, apples if they are

roasted, the orange if it is fully ripe, grapes if the skin be rejected,

strawberries and mulberries are pretty generally admissible.

FLUID ALIMENTS.

12. Fluid food can in most cases be taken more conveniently by suction

through a BENT GLASS TUBE. After feeding, dry the mouth if the patient

cannot well do it for herself.

13. Water is demanded in every disease in which a dry skin and an

elevation of temperature is present. The temperature of the water may be

from 60° to 50°. Small bits of ice swallowed whole are excellent to

control nausea. It is refreshing and harmless.

To keep a small piece of ice from immediately melting: Cut a piece of

flannel six inches square, snip one or two holes in the centre for water

to run through; confine it by an elastic band about the edge of a

tumbler or goblet; depress the middle of the flannel, and a small piece

of ice may be kept in it for some time; bits of ice may be split off

from it with a knife. Ice and water should be pure.

14. Toast water when properly prepared forms a useful beverage in the

sick room. As it contains a small proportion of gluten it is slightly

nutritive.

15. While febrile symptoms are present, farinaceous matters such as

barley water gruel, arrow root, mucilage or sago acidulated with lemon

juice, and sweetened to the taste of the patient, are most commonly

suitable, but water is the most salutary diluent.

16. Gruel is less mild and demulcent than barley water, and is more

likely to sour, but it is nutritive food.

17. Tea is refreshing, and may be taken in moderate quantity, provided

it be not strong. Coffee may be taken largely combined with milk.

18. Beer, brandy, and other stimulants should be given only after proper

medical examination and advice.

RECIPES FOR BEVERAGES AND FOOD.

FORMULA 1. FOOD FOR INFANTS.

Take of new milk, warm water, of each equal parts; table salt, sugar, of

each a small quantity, to salt and sweeten it slightly; warm the milk by

the water, so that it will be of the same temperature as the mother’s

milk—about 90°; the proportion of milk may be a little less than this

when the infant is newly born, and should be increased as it grows

older, but water must always be given with the milk. Give by means of a

feeding bottle that has been properly cleansed.

2. GUM ARABIC MUCILAGE.

Take of gum Arabic one ounce, boiling water one pint; after the gum

Arabic is dissolved, add two table spoonfuls of sugar and the juice of a

lemon; cool and add ice. This may be taken as a drink in diarrhœa.

3. INFUSION OF FLAX SEED.

Take of flax seed two table spoonfuls, water one pint, sugar two table

spoonfuls; steep for an hour or more and strain, then add the juice of a

lemon and set on ice. Use as a demulcent drink.

4. MILK AND CINNAMON DRINK.

Take of cinnamon one teaspoonful, boiling water one pint; steep for a

few minutes, sweeten with sugar, and mix with half a pint of milk. Good

in diarrhœa.

5. VINEGAR WHEY.

Take of milk one pint, vinegar one ounce; boil for a few minutes and

separate the curd. Good in dysentery, and may be taken freely.

6. DECOCTION OF BRAN.

Take of wheat bran one pint, boiling water three pints; let the mixture

stand in a covered vessel for two hours; strain and serve, with sugar

and cream. This is slightly laxative.

7. SAGE TEA.

Take of the dried leaves of sage half an ounce, boiling water one quart;

infuse for half an hour and then strain. Sugar and lemon juice may be

added in the proportion required by the patient. In the same manner balm

and other teas may be made.

8. A REFRESHING DRINK IN FEVERS.

Boil one ounce and a half of tamarinds, three ounces of cranberries, and

two ounces of stoned raisins, in three pints of water till the water is

reduced to two pints; strain and add a bit of lemon peel, which should

be removed in an hour as it gives a bitter taste if left long.

9. TOAST WATER.

Take slices of toast nicely browned, enough hot water to cover them,

cover closely and let them stand until cold; strain the water, sweeten

to taste, and put a piece of ice in each glassful. If the physician

thinks it safe add a little lemon juice. Good for nausea and vomiting.

10. APPLE WATER.

Take three juicy pippins or other fine flavored apples, one quart cold

water; pare and quarter the apples, but do not core them; stew the

apples to pieces in a tin or porcelain sauce-pan, closely covered;

strain the liquor at once, closely pressing the apples in the cloth;

sweeten and ice for drinking. Slightly laxative.

11. SLIPPERY ELM BARK TEA.

Break the bark into bits, pour boiling water over it, cover and let it

infuse till it is cold.

12. JELLY WATER.

Take one large teaspoonful currant or other kind of jelly, one goblet

ice water; beat up well. A good drink in fever, and if of wild cherry or

blackberry jelly it is very good for those suffering from diarrhœa.

13. CORN TEA.

Take a cupful of dry corn, parch it brown, grind it, or pound it in a

mortar; pour over it two cups of boiling water, and steep for a few

minutes. This is nutritious.

14. TARTAR WHEY.

Take of milk one quart, cream of tartar half an ounce; boil until the

curd separates. This is somewhat laxative.

15. HERB TEAS.

Take of the dried or green leaves about one ounce, boiling water one

pint, and let them stand until cold. Catnip tea is good for colds and

coughs in infants; spearmint and peppermint tea is good for disordered

stomach and bowels; pennyroyal for a cold if recently taken; chamomile

tea is a good tonic, blackberry root tea is good for summer complaint,

raspberry leaves (green) for dysentery, sweet apple tree bark tea for a

child’s cankered sore mouth, pumpkin seed and parsley tea for

suppression of urine; mullien leaf tea is good in kidney complaints;

mullien leaves infused in milk makes a medicinal drink in a case of

phthisis.

16. MILK AND ISINGLASS (GELATIN.)

Dissolve a little gelatin in water and mix with half a pint of milk.

Boil and sweeten to taste.

17. EFFERVESCING LEMONADE.

Take the juice of a large lemon, two or three teaspoonfuls of sugar,

half a pint of spring water; add half a small teaspoonful of carbonate

of soda. Stir and drink while effervescing.

18. INDIAN MEAL GRUEL.

Take of Indian meal one small teacupful, wheat flour one table spoonful,

boiling water two quarts; wet the meal and flour to a smooth paste, and

stir into the water while it is boiling. Boil slowly for thirty or forty

minutes, frequently stirring from the bottom; salt to taste; add sugar

and nutmeg if you like; if too thick reduce with boiling water to the

desired consistency; if a laxative effect is desired omit the flour.

Raisins may be boiled with the gruel, and cream may be added if desired.

19. OATMEAL GRUEL

is made in the same way as the above. Gruel drank warm at bed time is a

soothing remedy for a bad cold.

20. MILK AND RICE GRUEL.

Take boiling milk one quart, ground rice two table spoonfuls wet with

cold milk, salt one salt spoonful; stir in the rice paste and boil ten

minutes, stirring constantly. Season with sugar and nutmeg, and eat warm

with cream.

21. TAPIOCA JELLY.

Take of tapioca two spoonfuls, water one pint; boil gently for an hour,

or until it assumes a jelly-like appearance. Add sugar and nutmeg with

lemon juice to suit the taste of the patient.

22. RICE GRUEL.

Take of ground rice one ounce, cinnamon one drachm, water one quart;

boil for thirty minutes, adding the cinnamon near the conclusion. Strain

and sweeten it.

23. PANADA.

Take of wheat bread one ounce, cinnamon one drachm (or if preferred a

little mace), water one pint; boil without stirring until they mix and

turn smooth. Then add a grate of nutmeg, a small piece of butter, and

sugar according to taste. Some add a table spoonful of wine.

24. BREAD JELLY.

Steep stale bread in boiling water, and pass through a fine sieve while

still hot. This is a light, nourishing diet for a weak stomach, which

may be taken alone, or after being boiled with milk.

25. RICE CREAM.

Steep a quarter of a pound of whole rice in milk, and put in a sieve to

drain and cool; mix the rice with a gill of cream whisked to a froth,

and a little powdered sugar, and a teaspoonful of lemon juice. Some add

wine but it is not necessary.

26. TO MAKE FAT.

The diet to be prescribed when the aim is to produce increased weight

should include such articles as fat meats, butter, cream, milk, cocoa,

chocolate, bread, potatoes, peas, parsnips, beets, farinaceous and flour

puddings, pastry, almond puddings, and biscuit, custards, oatmeal

porridge, sugar and sweets, porter, &c.

27. MILK PORRIDGE.

Take wheat flour two table spoonfuls, milk one pint, water one pint; mix

the flour with cold water to form a thin paste; put the milk and water

over the fire, and when they come to a boiling point add the paste,

carefully stirring.

28. FRENCH MILK PORRIDGE.

Stir some oatmeal and water together, let the mixture stand to clear,

and pour off the water; then put more water to the meal, stir it well

and let it stand till the next day; strain through a fine sieve and boil

the water, adding milk while so doing. Let the proportion of milk exceed

one-half. With toast this is good diet for the sick.

29. LIME WATER AND MILK.

Take of lime water one to two ounces, milk four ounces. This will

sometimes be retained on the stomach when other food is rejected. The

addition of fifteen grains of bicarbonate of soda has a similar effect

if added to a quart of fresh milk, and prevents milk from turning sour

for several hours.

30. MUSH AND MILK.

Take of Indian meal one coffee cupful, water two quarts, salt to taste;

when the water is boiling, stir the meal into it, adding meal gradually

till it thickens so that it is difficult to stir. It should be permitted

to remain where it will cook slowly for twenty or thirty minutes,

stirred often with a pudding stick. Eat with milk.

31. LEMON JELLY.

Soak half a box of gelatin in a cup of cold water; steep the grated or

pared rind of two lemons in a pint of boiling water for ten minutes, add

the gelatin, one cup of sugar, and four table spoonfuls of lemon juice.

When all is dissolved, strain and place in a vessel to cool.

32. ALUM WHEY.

Take alum one teaspoonful, milk one pint; boil together and strain to

separate the curd.

33. TABLE TEA.

Allow a small teaspoonful of tea to each half pint of water. After

rinsing the teapot with boiling water put in the tea, and let it stand a

few minutes in the steaming pot; add the water freshly boiling, and let

it stand where it will keep hot three or four minutes.

34. NUTRITIOUS COFFEE.

Take one pint of nearly boiling milk, and add half an ounce of freshly

ground coffee, and boil together for three minutes. Clear it by pouring

into a cup and dashing back. Add a little isinglass dissolved in water

and leave to settle. If preferred, beat up an egg with sugar and pour

the coffee upon it.

35. NUTRITIOUS LAXATIVE.

Take one table spoonful of lump magnesia, pulverized, one teaspoonful of

saleratus or soda, sugar and salt as desired, and stir them in a quart

of hot milk porridge made in the usual way. This will operate as an

antacid and as physic if taken during the day; at the same time it is

nourishing.

36. POTUS IMPERIALIS.

Take half an ounce of cream tartar, the juice of one lemon, and two

table spoonfuls of sugar; pour on them a quart of boiling water, and let

it stand on ice till cold. If this is drank it will increase the action

of the kidneys.

37. VEGETABLE SOUP.

Take one potato, one turnip, one onion; let them be sliced and boiled in

one quart of water for an hour. Add as much salt and pepper as is

agreeable, and pour the whole upon dry toast. Add butter if desired.

38. SWEET PTISAN, FOR A DRINK IN DYSENTERY.

Take of sheep’s suet two ounces, milk one pint, starch half an ounce,

water one pint; boil slowly for fifteen minutes.

39. MUCILAGE OF STARCH.

Take of starch one ounce, powdered cinnamon one drachm, gum Arabic one

ounce, boiling water three pints; boil until reduced to two-thirds and

strain. This is a useful drink in dysentery.

40. BOILED FLOUR.

Take of fine wheat flour a pound, tie it up in a linen cloth, boil until

it becomes a hard dry mass. A table spoonful of this may be grated off

and used to make milk porridge.

41. TOAST.

The bread must be cut thin, the crust trimmed off, and then the slice

held in a toaster over a bed of coals, and turned from side to side till

all the moisture is removed, then allowed to become a golden brown.

Serve it on a hot plate as soon as it is done.

42. VERY NICE PANADA.

Take three Boston crackers, split them and arrange them in a bowl in

layers, sugar and salt scattered among them; cover with boiling water,

and set in a warm place with a close cover over the bowl, to remain one

hour. A little nutmeg should be added, and it should be eaten from the

bowl.

43. HOW TO PREPARE ARROW ROOT.

Put two teaspoonfuls of the powder into a basin, mix them smooth with a

few teaspoonfuls of cold water, and let another person pour boiling

water over the mixture while you continue to stir it until it forms a

starchy looking substance. It may be used in the same manner as gruel, a

little milk and salt being added to it.

44. ARROW ROOT CUSTARD.

Take two teaspoonfuls arrow root, wet them up with a little cold milk;

stir for three minutes in a cup of boiling milk, take from the fire and

stir in an egg, already well beaten; boil two minutes longer, flavor

with vanilla or rose water, and pour into moulds.

45. BOILED RICE AND COCOA-NUT.

Take one teacupful of rice, one heaping teaspoonful of cocoa-nut, and

the milk from the centre of the nut; one quart of water, one pint of

milk, and salt to taste; boil three or four hours in a double boiler. If

it boils away too much add more water. Serve with canned strawberries

for sauce.

46. BREAD JELLY FOR CHILDREN WEANED.

Take a quantity of the soft part of a loaf, break it up, cover it with

boiling water and allow it to soak for several hours; the water is then

to be poured off completely, and fresh water added; place the mixture on

the fire and allow it to boil until it becomes smooth. The water is then

to be pressed out, and the bread on cooling will form a thick jelly. Mix

a portion of this with sugared milk and water as it is wanted.

47. HOW TO COOK RICE.

Erratum. On page 268, bottom line, for 47 read 40.

In preparing it only just enough cold water should be poured on to

prevent from burning at the bottom of the pot, which should have a close

fitting cover, and with a moderate fire the rice is steamed rather than

boiled until it is nearly done; then the cover is taken off, the surplus

steam and moisture allowed to escape, and the rice turns out a mass of

snow white kernels.

48. OYSTER BROTH.

Take half a pint of oysters, cut into small pieces, put them into a gill

of water and let them simmer for eight or ten minutes. Skim and strain,

then add a little new milk, salt, and pepper.

49. POACHED EGG.

A fresh egg broken into boiling water and cooked till the white is

congealed, then laid on a piece of newly toasted bread dipped in hot

milk and buttered, is an appetizing dish for convalescents.

50. CHICKEN TEA.

To relieve the nausea and vomiting of cholera morbus: Kill a chicken,

and strip off the feathers as soon as possible after it is killed; boil

the wings and legs in a little water. This, if simply seasoned with a

little salt, will be acceptable to the stomach.

51. RESTORATION SOUP FOR INVALIDS.

Take one pound of newly killed beef or fowl, chop it fine; add one-half

pint of pure water, and perhaps four or five drops of pure muriatic

acid, one-half teaspoonful of common salt, and stir well together. After

three hours the whole may be thrown in a sieve, and the fluid allowed to

pass through on slight pressure; on the flesh residue in the sieve pour

slowly one-half teacupful of water, and let it run slowly through the

sieve while squeezing the meat. There will thus be obtained about ten

ounces of cold juice (extract of meat), having a pleasant taste of soup,

of which a wineglassful may be taken at pleasure. If preferred one part

of meat may be taken with two parts of white sugar, one teaspoonful

every three hours. The two may be pounded in a mortar.

52. BEEF TEA.

Take one pound of beef minced very fine, and put it in a common

earthenware pot with a pint and a half of cold water; stand the pot on

the stove, so that it may simmer for at least three hours.

53. CHICKEN BROTH.

When it is desired that chicken broth should be very nutritious, take an

old fowl; cut up and break the bones with a mallet; cover with three or

four pints of cold water, and add some rice or tapioca; salt to taste

and boil for two hours.

54. MUTTON AND VEAL BROTH.

Take of either mutton, beef, or veal one pound and a half, cold water

two quarts, rice two ounces; simmer for four hours, boil for a few

minutes, strain and serve.

55. EGGS, CREAM, AND EXTRACT OF BEEF.

Wash two ounces of the best pearl sago until the water poured from it is

clear, then stir the sago in half a pint of water until it is tender and

very thick; mix with it half a pint of good boiling cream, and the yolks

of four fresh eggs, and mingle the whole carefully with one quart of

good beef tea, which should be boiling; serve. Good in cases of

lingering convalescence after acute diseases.

56. BEEF TEA MADE NUTRITIOUS.

To a pint of beef tea add bread crumbs, and boil for five minutes; or

mix a table spoonful of cooked oatmeal or rice with two of boiling

water, add a cupful of strong beef tea and boil a few moments. Serve

with toast.

57. MUTTON BROTH.

To a pound of meat cut in small pieces put a quart of cold water, boil

slowly three or four hours in a closely covered kettle till the meat

falls to pieces; strain, remove all fat, and put in two table spoonfuls

of rice that has been soaked half an hour; simmer until the rice is well

cooked, season with salt, and serve with toasted cracker.

58. BEEF TEA.

Take lean beef, cut into shreds one pound, cold water one quart; boil

for thirty minutes, taking off the scum as it rises; when it grows cold,

strain.

59. ESSENCE OF BEEF.

Take of lean beef sliced, one pound; put into a bottle or fruit jar,

cork it loosely and place it in a pot of cold water (attaching the neck

by means of a string to the handle of the vessel.) Boil for two hours

and then decant the liquor and skim it.

60. BEEF JUICE.

Take a nice juicy steak, remove all the fat, broil it over a bright coal

fire long enough to heat it through; then with a meat or lemon squeezer

press out the juice into a cup; set in hot water. Remove any fat that

may be in it; shake the salt box slightly over it and serve.

I shall not refer to the different alimentary preparations now thrown in

the market, which come with printed directions on the packages, farther

than to say that I have a favorable opinion of Carnrick’s Soluble food

for infants. I have tested it well.

CHAPTER V.

THE ART OF PRESCRIBING.

The nurse will not often prescribe medicine, but it may be of use to

know how to read the prescriptions of others, and to know a few of the

general rules or principles upon which physicians act in trying to

produce the greatest curative effect with least possible inconvenience.

THE DOSES OF MEDICINE.

Generally in the following prescriptions the ordinary dose for an adult

is stated. The young require a smaller dose than older persons, or those

at maturity; and the very aged cannot bear as large doses as the middle

aged. The following is designed to exhibit the dose proportioned to the

age; the dose for a person of middle age being one drachm:

That for a person from 14 to 21 will be 2 scruples.

That for a person from 7 to 14 will be ½ a drachm.

That for a person from 4 to 7 will be 1 scruple.

That for a person of 4 years will be 15 grains.

That for a person of 3 years will be 10 grains.

That for a person of 2 years will be 8 grains.

That for a person of 1 years will be 5 grains.

There are some medicines however which require to be given to children

in much larger proportioned doses than those stated above. For example,

a child of three years might require half as much castor oil for a dose

as an adult. Females usually require smaller doses than males, and those

of sanguine temperament than the lymphatic and phlegmatic.

Idiosyncracies sometimes exist in individuals rendering them peculiarly

susceptible to the action of certain remedies, or causing a medicine to

act on an individual in a manner wholly different from the ordinary

mode.

In general the susceptibility to the action of a medicine is diminished

by its frequent use; some medicines are of variable strength, and all

these considerations should lead to great care in prescribing; some

medicines require more care than others, however, and such formula will

be selected for insertion here as may be pretty generally used with

safety. I believe they do not require more effort to adapt them to

particular cases than ordinary patent medicines.

MODE OF ADMINISTERING MEDICINE.

Medicines given together should be combined with a definite purpose in

regard to each article in the formula. Remedies of the same general

character may be given together in order to increase their efficacy. In

F. 74 there are several aromatics because a small amount of each when

combined, will be more certain in their action than a large amount of

one kind, and at the same time they will be less irritating.

The effects of one medicine are in many cases increased by the influence

of another in augmenting the natural susceptibility of the system to its

action.

One medicine is given with another to counteract the more disagreeable

effects of the more active one.

One medicine is sometimes given as a vehicle for another; perhaps to

cover the disagreeable taste or odor and to render the medicine

acceptable to the stomach. For example, the aromatics and ammonia in F.

74 are much more agreeable to the stomach than either of them would be

separately.

In the mixing of medicines care should be taken that they are neither

chemically nor physiologically incompatible. When the action of an acid

is desired, an alkali should not be given at the same time, as they

unite to form a compound different from either. A soluble salt should

not be given with another, or with an acid that would decompose it, and

produce an inert compound. If medicines are given that have an apparent

physiological incompatibility, it should be with a full understanding of

their effects, and with reference to them. The FORM in which medicine is

given must vary according to the nature of the medicine, the taste of

the patient, or the condition of his stomach, as it is always desirable

to have it so that it can be swallowed without difficulty.

The physician should always write his prescription with neatness, order

and precision, but it will be found an advantage to the nurse to have a

ready comprehension of the symbols and abbreviations used in writing

prescriptions. Hence I have appended a table designed to explain the

signs and abbreviations habitually used. Ordinarily the Roman numerals

are employed, and follow always the symbols to which they relate. A

glossary which will include some latin terms will hereafter be added.

───────────────────────┬───────────────────────┬───────────────────────

Sign or Abbreviation. │ LATIN WORD. │ ENGLISH WORD.

───────────────────────┼───────────────────────┼───────────────────────

℔ │Libra or libræ. │A pound or pounds.

℥ │Uncia or unciæ. │An ounce or ounces.

ʒ │Drachma or drachmæ. │A drachm or drachms

℈ │Scrupulus or scrupuli. │A scruple or scruples

aa. │Ana. │Of each.

Add. │Adda. │Add to it.

Ad. saturand │Ad saturandum. │Until saturated.

Ad. lib. │Ad libitum. │At pleasure.

Alt. hor. │Alternis horis. │Alternate hours.

Ante Cib. │Ante cibum. │Before food.

Aq. ferv. │Aqua fervens. │Hot water.

Aq. pluv. │Aqua pluvialis. │Rain water.

Aq. pur. │Aqu pura. │Pure water.

Aq. tepida. │Aqua tepida. │Tepid water.

Bis die. │Bis die. │Twice a day.

Bull. │Bulliat. │Let it boil.

Cap. │Copiat. │Let him take.

Coch. mag. │Cochlear magraum. │A large spoonful.

Coch. parv. │Cochlear parvum. │A tea spoonful.

Colent. │Colentur. │Let them be strained

Collyr. │Collyrium. │An eye water.

Comp. or Co. │Compositus. │Compound.

Contus. │Contusus. │Bruised or crushed.

Cong. │Congius or Congii. │A gallon or gallons.

Decoct. │Decoctum. │A decoction.

Det. │Detur. │Let it be given

Dil. │Dilutus. │Dilute.

Div. in p. æq. │Divitur in partes │Divide in equal parts

│ æqualis. │

Duo. │Duo. │Two.

Ft. │Fiat. │Let them be made.

Garg. │Gargarisma. │A gargle

Gr. │Granum or granæ. │A grain or grains.

Gtt. or gut. │Gutta or guttæ. │A drop or drops.

Haust. │Haustus. │A draught.

Ind. │Indico. │Daily.

Infus. │Infusum. │An infusion.

Inject. │Injectio. │An injection.

Min. or M. │Minim. │1–60 of a fluid drachm

M. │Misce. │Mix

Mass. │Massa. │A mass

Mist. │Mistura. │A mixture.

Pil. │Pilula or pilulæ │A pill or pills.

ppt. │Preparata. │Prepared.

Pulv. │Pulvis. │A powder.

P.R.N. │Pro re nata. │As occasion requires.

q. s. │Quantum sufficit. │A sufficient quantity.

℞ │Recipe. │Take.

Rad. │Radix. │A root.

S. or Sig. │Signatur. │Write.

ss. │Semisis. │A half.

Tinct. │Tinctura. │A tincture.

2 dis. │Duo dis. │Every two hours.

f. ℥ or fl. │Fluid uncia or unciæ. │Fluid oz. or ounces.

───────────────────────┴───────────────────────┴───────────────────────

The succeeding chapter is composed of formulæ giving numerous examples

of the different forms in which prescriptions are written. Good taste

requires that all directions should be in the English language, and that

hieroglyphics and absurd abbreviations should be discarded as much as

possible. Very many physicians write the directions in latin, and the

druggist is expected to write the same in English and attach a label

thus written to the bottle containing the medicine. I have given some

examples of the old-form prescriptions written entirely in latin, and

also some where the new notation (figures, &c.) is used. Whoever reads

them over will learn how to read prescriptions; but I have given none

but such as I value highly, and I have used almost every one in my

practice, and tested its excellence. I advise people to obtain these

rather than those patent medicines whose composition is secret. The

person who desires one of these prescribed medicines can obtain it by

copying the formula _accurately_ and taking it to a druggist. I adopt

the usual

CLASSIFICATION OF REMEDIES.

ANTACIDS neutralize acids existing in the alimentary canal, or

circulating with the blood; ANTISEPTICS counteract putrefaction;

ANTISPASMODICS relax spasm and calm nervous irritation; ASTRINGENTS

cause vital contraction of the organic textures; ANTHELMINTICS destroy

worms, or expel them from the bowels; CATHARTICS act on the bowels,

producing a purgative effect; CAUSTICS destroy the life of the part upon

which they act; DIAPHORETICS increase the cutaneous discharge; DIURETICS

produce an increased flow of urine; EMETICS produce vomiting;

EXPECTORANTS augment the secretion from the pulmonary mucous membrane;

ENEMATA cause evacuations from the rectum, &c.; EMMENAGOGUES excite the

menstrual secretion; NARCOTICS affect the cerebral functions; TONICS

exalt the energies of the whole system. I shall give examples of

remedies which are designed to produce these several effects, besides

some belonging to other classes.

Where the word teaspoon is used it signifies one holding about 55 drops

of water = ʒ j. (one drachm); 1 table spoon about half an ounce, and

this is written ℥ ss; one wineglass equals two ounces, written ℥ ij; one

teacup equals four ounces, written ℥ jv.; one coffee cup equals eight

ounces, and is written ℥ viij.

The gramme of the FRENCH METRIC SYSTEM equals about 15 grains, and this

is the unit of weights. The system is of the decimal character and the

latin prefixes deci, centi, milli, &c., are used to indicate its

subdivisions, and the Greek deca, hecto, kilo, myria, &c., are its

multiples, always on the scale of ten.

.001 gramme = 1 milligramme.

.01 gramme = 1 centigramme.

.1 gramme = 1 decigramme.

1 gramme

10 gramme = 1 decagramme.

100 gramme = 1 hectogramme.

1000 gramme = 1 kilogramme.

Physicians, many of them, prefer to employ latin names to designate the

ingredients of their prescriptions, and to write the directions to the

druggist in latin. I will first give a few latin prescriptions with the

translation.

CHAPTER VI.

MEDICAL FORMULARY.

Formula 61. FIAT HAUSTUS.

(Let a draught be made.)

℞ Magnesiæ sulphatis drachmas duas.

Infusi sennæ fluidunciam.

Syrupi rhei fluidrachmam.

Misce et fiat haustus, in jusculo calido, partítis vicibus sumendus.

The above prescription translated into English would read:

Take of sulphate of magnesia two drachms.

Infusion of senna one fluid ounce.

Syrup of rhubarb one fluid drachm.

Mix and let a draught be made to be taken in divided doses in warm

broth.

The following is a convenient form and one not liable to mistakes:

℞ Magnesiæ sulph. ʒ ij.

Syr. rhei f ʒ j.

Infus. sennæ. f ℥ j. M., et fiat

haustus.

S. To be taken in divided doses in warm broth.

62. FOR COLIC.

℞ Magnes. alb. ust ℈ j.

Tinct. fœtid gtt. lx.

Tinct. theb gtt. xx.

Aq. font ℥ j.

_Translation._

Take Calcined magnesia 20 grains.

Tincture of assafœtida 60 drops.

Laudanum 20 drops.

Water 1 ounce. Mix.

S. Dose. 20 drops for a child, in sweetened water.

63. FOR CHOLERA INFANTUM AND DYSENTERY.

℞ Sal tart. vel carb. sod gr. xxx.

Gum Arabic.

Sacch. Alb aa. ʒ j.

Tinct. theb gtt x.

Aq. Font ℥ iij.

_Translation._

Take salt of tartar or soda 20 grains.

Gum Arabic and loaf sugar each 1 drachm.

Tincture of opium (laudanum) 10 drops.

Water 3 ounces.

To the above a drop of oil of cinnamon may be added and it may be given

in doses of one teaspoonful in lime water and milk, when cholera morbus

is followed by diarrhœa and dysentery.

64. FOR CROUP, &C.

℞ Tr. phytolac dec gtt. vj.

Tr. aconit gtt. iij.

Aqua. ℥ iv. M.

_Translation._

Take Tinct. of poke root 6 drops.

Tinct. of aconite 3 drops.

Water 4 ounces. Mix.

Dose a teaspoonful every five or thirty minutes, as is necessary.

For a case of mammary abscess it may be given internally, and also

rubbed upon the breast in the forming stage.

65. FOR CHRONIC ENLARGEMENT OF THE SPLEEN.

Errata. On page 44, for 12, 18, 23, 52, 54, 57, 61, 62, 65, read 10, 16,

18, 19, 20, 23, 25, 28. On page 43, last line, for 65 read 58.

℞ Tinct. cinch. comp. ℥ viij.

Aq. menth. pip. ℥ xij.

Ammon. murias ℥ j. M.

_Translation._

Take of Compound tincture of Peruvian bark 8 ounces.

Peppermint water 12 ounces.

Muriate of ammonia 1 ounce. Mix

S. Dose one teaspoonful three times a day, one hour before meals.

66. CHRONIC RHEUMATISM.

℞ Pulveris guaiaci resinæ,

Potassæ nicratas aa. ʒ j.

Pulveris ipecacuanhæ gr. iij.

Opii gr. ij.

Fiat pulvis in charletas sex dividendus.

_Translation._

Pulverized gum guiac,

Nitrate of potash of each 1 drachm.

Powdered ipecac 3 grains.

Opium 2 grains. Mix.

Divide into six powders.

S. One powder to be taken every three hours in syrup or molasses.

67. FOR SCIATICA AND FOR THE KIDNEYS.

℞ Ol. cubeba,

Ol. copaiba aa. f. ʒ jv.

Ol. tenebinth. f. ʒ ij.

Spts. nit. æth. f. ʒ vj.

Mucilagio acacia f. ℥ ij. M.

_Translation._

Take oil of cubebs,

Oil of copaiva of each four

fluidrachms.

Oil of turpentine two fluidrachms.

Spirits of nitric ether six fluidrachms.

Mucilage of gum Arabic two fluid ounces.

Mix.

Mark. One teaspoonful three times a day.

68. FOR GASTRIC ULCER.

℞ Morphine sulphatis gr. j.

Bismuth subnitratis ʒ ss. M. S. Ft.

Chart. No. vj.

_Translation._

Take morphine 1 grain.

Sub nitrate of bismuth ½ drachm. Mix.

Make six powders. Mark. One powder to be taken every four hours.

ANTACIDS.

69. CARBONATE OF MAGNESIA.

℞ Magnesia carbonatis grs. 80.

Extracti opii liquidi min. 30.

Spiritus etheris fl. drs. 3.

Aqua mentha viridis ad fl. oz. 6. Mix.

One fourth part occasionally. Useful where there is much oppression from

flatulency.

70. CHALK MIXTURE AND HOPS.

℞ Tincture lupuli ʒ vj.

Tinct. cardamomi compositae fl. ʒ jv.

Vini ipecacuanhæ fl. ʒ ij.

Extractii opii liquidi min. xxx.

Mistura creta ad. fl. ℥ vj. M.

_Translation._

Take tincture of hops 6 drachms.

Compound tinct of cardamom 4 fluidrachms.

Wine of ipecac 2 fluidrachms.

Liquid extract of opium 25 minims.

Chalk mixture (add to it) 6 fluid ounces. Mix.

Mark. One teaspoonful every three or four hours. Useful in diarrhœa due

to acidity in the stomach.

71. FOR HEARTBURN.

℞ Liquor magnes. carb. ℥ ss.

Sp. lav. comp. ʒ ij. M. Ft. haust.

_Translation._

Take liquor of carbonate of magnesia ½ ounce.

Compound spirits of lavender 2 drachm.

Make a draught. Take immediately and repeat if necessary.

72. FOR ACIDITY OF THE STOMACH.

℞ Pepsin 5 grains.

Sub nitrate bismuth 5 grains.

Glycerine ½ ounce. M.

Sig. After each meal.

73. FOR INFANTILE COLIC.

℞ Magnesia carb. ʒ ij.

Tinct assafœtida min. xx.

Aqua. ℥ ij. M.

Sig. Thirty drops and repeat every half hour until relieved.

74. FOR DISORDERED STOMACH.

℞ Aqua ammonia ʒ ij.

Essence cinnamon

Tinct. ginger aa. ℥ ss.

Tinct. pimento ℥ j.

Alcohol ℥ ij.

Water ℥ viij. Mix.

Of this one teaspoonful may be put in a glass of water, of which the

patient may take a teaspoonful every hour.

75. NAUSEA AND VOMITING.

No. 1. Bicarb. potass. grs. xxx.

℞

Water f. ℥ ij.

Bromide potass. grs. xxx. M.

No. 2. Citric acid. ʒ j.

℞

Water ℥ jv.

Syrup f. ʒ x. M.

Add a table spoonful of No. 2 to a teaspoonful of No. 1 and drink

immediately.

76. A POWDER FOR HEARTBURN.

℞ Magnesia calcinatæ ℥ ss.

Bicarbonate sodæ

Pulveris zinziberis aa. ℈ j. M.

Sig. A small teaspoonful occasionally.

77. CHALK MIXTURE.

℞ Prepared chalk ʒ jss. to ʒ ij.

White sugar

Pulv. gum Arabic aa. q. s.

Peppermint water ℥ vj. M.

Sig. A table spoonful for a dose every two hours. When administered for

diarrhœa, astringents and laudanum may be added.

78. CHOLERA MIXTURE.

℞ Chalk mixture ℥ j.

Spirits chloroform xx.

Tinct. opium min. jv. M.

To be taken every four hours.

79. NEUTRALIZING CORDIAL.

℞ Bicarbonate of potash

Pulv. rhei aa. ʒ ij. Mix and add

Boiling water f. ℥ viij.

Let it stand for two hours, filter and add

Brandy f. ℥ j.

Essence peppermint f. ℥ j.

Add white sugar to an agreeable sweetness.

Highly useful in diarrhœa, dysentery, summer complaint, &c., especially

of children.

80. FOR DIARRHŒA AND DYSENTERY.

℞ Oil cinnamon

Oil cloves

Extract ginger aa. ℥ ss.

Morphine grs. ij.

Rhubarb grs. xx.

Aqua ammonia ʒ ij.

Spirits camphor ʒ ij.

Alcohol ℥ viij.

Water ℥ iv. M.

S. Dose, ¼ teaspoonful every two hours, in water.

81. SODA MINT FOR NAUSEA, &C.

℞ Sodæ bicarbonas ℥ j.

Aqua Menth. pip. ℥ xvj.

Spirits ammon. arom. ℥ ss. M.

Dose. 1 table spoonful.

82. FOR FLATULENT DYSPEPSIA.

℞ Salacylate of bismuth 2 parts.

Calcined magnesia 3 parts.

Oil of anise 1 part. M.

Of this powder a small teaspoonful may be taken before a meal.

ANTISEPTICS.

83. LAVENDER AND CAMPHOR.

℞ Spirits of camphor min. xx.

Spirits of lavender f. ʒ j.

Gum trugacanth mucilage f. ʒ vij.

Make a draught. To be taken every six or eight hours by a nervous

attendant in a sick room.

84. SOLUTION OF CHLORINATED SODA.

℞ Liquoris chlorinatæ ʒ j.

Tinct. opii min. xv.

Camphonæ aquæ f. ℥ xij. M.

A table spoonful three times a day relieves the fetor, and is

otherwise useful in low cases of fever, gangrene of the lungs, &c.

ANTISPASMODICS.

85. AMMONIA MIXTURE.

℞ Aromatic spirits of ammonia fl. ʒ j.

Dilute hydrocyanic acid min. ij.

Syrup ginger min. f. ʒ j.

Caraway water fl. ʒ vîj.

Make a draught. To be taken twice or three times a day if there be

flatulence or languor. In dyspepsia, debility, irritable stomach,

&c.

86. FOR ASTHMA.

℞ Tinct. lobelia ℥ j.

Ammon. iodide,

Ammon. bromide aa. ʒ ij.

Syrup tolu. ℥ iij. M.

Sig. A table spoonful every one, two, three, or four hours.

87. FOR WHOOPING COUGH.

℞ Aluminis ℈ ijss.

Syrup zinzib. ℥ j.

Syrup acaciæ ℥ j.

Aqua ℥ j. M.

Sig. One teaspoonful three times a day.

88. FOR ASTHMA.

℞ Ext. Jamaica dogwood fl. ℥ ij.

Syrup ipecac fl. ℥ j.

Syrup aurant. cortex ℥ ss. M.

Sig. A teaspoonful every hour until the paroxysm should cease.

Afterwards every four hours for the day.

89. ASIATIC MIXTURE FOR CHOLERA.

℞ Gum opii,

Gum camph. aa. ℥ j.

Ol. caryoph. f. ℥ j.

Capsicum (cayenne) ℥ j.

Sp. æth sulph. Co. Oij. Digest 15 days.

Dose for an adult, 20 to 60 drops every 2, 3, or 4 hours.

90. FOR DYSMENORRHŒA.

℞ Tinct. gelsemium,

Tinct. camphor,

Tinct. opii deodorized aa. ʒ ij. M.

S. Dose 20 drops every two hours until relieved. Useful in dysentery

after the operation of Epsom salts.

91. HOFFMAN’S ANODYNE AND LAUDANUM.

℞ Liquoris anodyne Hoffman’s ʒ iij.

Tincturæ thebiacæ gtt. lxxx.

Aqua cinnamomi ℥ vj.

Fiat Mistura. Signa, A teaspoonful every hour in hysteria, &c. May

sometimes be taken in a dose of a table spoonful.

92. FOR AFTER PAINS.

℞ Morphia sulphas gr. j.

Pulv. camphoræ,

Creta preparata,

Pulv. glycerhiza aa. ℈ j. M.

Given in 10 grain doses and repeated, when required, every 4 hours.

ASTRINGENTS.

93. FOR DYSENTERY.

℞ Acidi tanici gr. xxx.

Tinct. camphoræ comp f. ℥ j.

Aqua cinnamomi ad. f. ℥ viij. M.

Label. One sixth part three times a day, about an hour before each

meal.

94. CINNAMON MIXTURE.

℞ Tinct. cinnamon f. ʒ ij.

Cinnamon water f. ℥ j. M.

Make a draught to be taken thrice daily. In menorrhagia especially,

but also in other varieties of passive hemorrhage.

95. CHLOROFORM, OPIUM, AND CASTOR OIL.

℞ Chloroform min. x.

Tinct. camph. comp. f. ʒ ij.

Castor oil f. ʒ iij.

Make a draught to be taken immediately. In choleraic diarrhœa.

96. FOR HEMORRHAGE OF THE URETHRA, &C.

℞ Tinct. ergot,

Oil of turpentine aa. f. ʒ ij.

Tinct. chloride of iron,

Laudanum aa. f. ʒ j.

Gum Arabic mucilage f. ℥ viij. M.

Sig. Take one table spoonful hourly.

97. IN HEMOPTYSIS (BLEEDING FROM THE LUNGS.)

℞ Fld. ext. ergot,

Paregoric,

Syrup tolu equal parts. M.

S. Half a table spoonful every hour if necessary.

98. FOR PHTHISIS WHEN NIGHT SWEATS AND COUGH ARE BAD.

℞ Acidi sulphurici diluti gtt. x.

Tincturæ opii deodoratæ gtt. x.

Syrupi hypophosphatis f. ʒ j.

Extracti Pruni Virginiani fluidi f. ʒ ij. M.

For a dose ter. die.

It will be more convenient to have the above put up according to the

following form:

℞ Elixir vitriol ʒ iij.

Deodorized laudanum ʒ jss.

Syrup hypophosphitis f. ʒ xv.

Fld. ext. wild cherry f. ʒ xxx. M.

Sig. Take nearly a table spoonful three times a day. (For an adult.)

99. FOR INFANTILE DIARRHŒA.

℞ Sub. nitrate bismuth ʒ ij.

Laudanum min. ij.

Gum Arabic mucilage ℥ jv. Mix.

S. A teaspoonful every two hours.

100. FOR CHOLERA MORBUS.

℞ Spirits am. arom. ℥ j.

Spirits lav. co. ℥ j.

Tinct. opii camph. ℥ ss. Mix.

S. A teaspoonful in water every two hours or oftener, until

relieved. In cholera morbus, colic, dysentery, &c.

101. FOR CHOLERA INFANTUM.

℞ Bismuthi sub carbonatis gr. xvj.

Pulv. ipecacuanha comp. gr. j.

Pulv. sacchari albi grs. xij. Mix.

For viij. powders. One to be taken every three hours in the mother’s

or cow’s milk.

102. FOR CHRONIC DYSENTERY.

℞ Sodæ bicarbonas ℥ ss.

Zinci oxide ʒ ij. M.

Sig. 6 grains every six hours.

103. FOR PROLAPSIS UTERI.

℞ Fld. ext. nux vomica f. ℥ j.

Fld. ext. blue cohash f. ℥ ss.

Fld. ext. ergot ʒ ij.

Simple syrup ℥ ij.

Chloroform min. x. M.

S. One-half a teaspoonful three times a day.

104. ASTRINGENT POWDER.

℞ Sub. nitrate of bismuth grs. xij.

Pulv. geranium root grs. jx.

Dover powder gr. j. M.

Divide into six powders. Give one powder every six hours.

CATHARTICS.

105. THE WHITE MIXTURE FOR RHEUMATISM.

℞ Epsom salts ℥ jss.

Carbonate magnesia ʒ ij.

Peppermint water f. ℥ viij.

Wine of colchicum f. ʒ ij. M.

One-sixth part early every morning.

106. FOR DYSENTERY.

℞ Syrup of rhubarb f. ℥ ij.

Syrup of ginger f. ℥ iij.

Tincture of opium f. ℥ j.

Oil of cloves gtt. xxx. M.

S. One teaspoonful every two or three hours.

107. FOR VOMITING OF PREGNANCY.

℞ Rad. columbo (columbo root),

Rad. ginger (ginger root), aa. ℥ ss.

Fol. senna (senna leaves) ʒ j.

Boiling water Oj.

Sig. Wineglassful before meals.

108. COMPOUND LICORICE POWDER.

℞ Powdered senna leaves,

Powdered licorice root aa. ℥ vj.

Powdered fennel seed,

Powdered sulphur aa. ℥ iij.

Powdered sugar ℥ xvj. M.

Dose one teaspoonful as a mild laxative.

109. AS A LAXATIVE FOR ANTIPARTEM ADMINISTRATION.

℞ Senna leaves ℥ iij.

Sulphate of magnesia ℥ xx.

Bruised ginger ℥ x.

Boiling water cong. j.

Let the mixture stand over night; filter. Dose, two or three ounces.

110. FOR PILES.

℞ Magnesia sulp.,

Magnesia carb.,

Sup. tart. potass.,

Sulphur sublim. aa. ℥ j. Mix

thoroughly.

Sig. One, two, or three teaspoonfuls of the powder before eating in

the morning.

111. FOR DYSENTERY.

℞ Mucilaginis tragacanthæ fl. ℥ ij.

Aqua cinnamomi fl. ℥ iij.

Olei ricini fl. ʒ xij.

Tinct. rhei,

Syrup aurantii aa. fl. ʒ vj.

Tinct. opii min. xxx. Mix.

S. One-eighth part for an adult every three hours. In dysentery

where there are scybala in the rectum. Also where an aperient with a

sedative is needed.

ANTHELMINTICS.

112. TO EXPEL THE ROUND WORMS.

℞ Santonin gr. 3.

Sacchari lactis gr. 10.

Make a powder to be taken early in the morning in a table spoonful

of milk or cream. Its exhibition should be followed at the end of

six hours by mild physic.

113. FOR TAPE WORMS.

℞ Oil of turpentine 4 drachms.

Gruel (not too thick) 3 ounces. Mix well.

Abstain from supper; take a mixture on waking in the morning, and

lie down until it operates.

114. FOR WORMS.

℞ Santonin 16 grs.

Flu. ext. spigelia 16 drops.

Simple syrup 2 ounces. Mix.

Sig. Teaspoonful morning and night.

CAUSTICS AND RUBEFACIENTS.

115. CHROMIC ACID.

℞ Acidi chromici grs. 60.

Aqua fl. drs. 4. M.

Apply directly to warts, &c., to destroy them.

116. IODINE PAINT.

℞ Iodini grs. xl.

Potassai iodidi ʒ ss.

Spirits vini rectificati f. ℥ j. M.

To be applied with a camel’s hair brush.

117. BURNT ALUM.

The alumen ustem is made by depriving the alum of its water of

chrystalization by heat. It is applied in powder to fungous

granulations of ulcers, and mixed with sugar is used to remove

nebulous spots on the cornea.

118. FOR PRICKLY HEAT.

℞ Sulphate of copper grs. xx.

Water ℥ ij. M.

Apply daily by means of a camel’s hair brush or a sponge. It is

applied after a morning bath, after the skin has been well rubbed

with a towel, and it must be allowed to dry on the skin before

dressing.

DIAPHORETICS.

119. A PLEASANT DIAPHORETIC IN FEVERS.

℞ Citratis potasæ preparatæ ʒ ij.

Aqua distilatæ ℥ jv. to ℥ vi.

Olei limonis gtt. ij.

Sacchari alba ʒ j. Misce.

S. A table spoonful to be taken every two hours. Spirits of nitre

may be added.

120. INFUSION OF BONESET.

℞ Eupatorii perfoliati ℥ j.

Aqua bulientis Oj.

Infuse for thirty minutes in a covered vessel; then decant and take

a wineglassful every hour till there is free perspiration. The

infusion must be taken hot as it can be drunk, otherwise it may

produce vomiting.

121. DECOCTION OF BARLEY WATER WITH NITRE.

℞ Decocti hardei Oj.

Nitratis potassæ ʒ ij.

Succi limonis ℥ j. to ℥ ij. Fiat

potus.

_Translation._

Take barley water one pint.

Salt petre two drachms.

Lemon juice one ounce to two

ounces.

Make a drink to be drank warm by the patient.

122. MODIFIED DIAPHORETIC.

Errata. On page 172 for (F. 122) read (F. 108.)

℞ Opii pulv ʒ j.

Ipecac pulv ʒ ss.

Camphor pulv ʒ ij.

Saccharum ʒ iv. Mix thoroughly.

This and the following prescriptions in doses of from two to eight

grains may be used as a

123. SUBSTITUTE FOR DOVER POWDERS.

℞ Morph. sulph. ʒ j.

Camphoræ,

Oreta prep.,

Saccharum aa. ʒ xx.

124. DIAPHORETIC AND EXPECTORANT.

℞ Potass citrat. ℥ j.

Suc. limonis f. ℥ jss.

Syr. ipecac. f. ℥ ss.

Tr. opii camph. f. ʒ iij.

Syrupi q. s. ad. f. ℥ iij.

S. Dessert spoonful every two hours. For colds and coughs.

DIURETICS.

125. NITRE, JUNIPER, AND ETHER.

℞ Potassa nitratis grs. 60.

Spiritus juniper f. dr. 1.

Spiritus œtheris nitrici f. dr. 3.

Decocti chimaphilæ ad. f. oz. 8. Mix.

One-sixth part every six hours.

126. DIURETIC AND LAXATIVE.

℞ Potassæ tartratis ʒ iij.

Infus. buchu f. ℥ viij. Mix.

S. One-sixth part three times a day.

127. FOR CYSTITS—IRRITABLE CONDITION OF THE BLADDER.

℞ Acidi benzoici,

Sodii biboratis aa. gr. x.

Inf. buchu ℥ ij. M.

Sig. This amount three times a day.

128. INFUSION OF UVA URSI.

℞ Uva ursi foliorum ℥ j.

Aqua bulientis Oj.

Pour the water boiling hot on the leaves and let them macerate for

several hours. To be taken cold, from half a pint to a pint daily.

Chiefly used for irritable bladder and strangury.

129. FOR SUBACUTE AND CHRONIC RHEUMATISM.

℞ Potass iod. ʒ ij.

Vin. calc. rad. f. ʒ ij.

Tinct. guiac ammon. f. ℥ iij.

Fld. ext. belladonna min. xx.

Aqua cinnamon ℥ iij. M.

A teaspoonful in water three times a day.

130. FOR MUSCULAR RHEUMATISM.

℞ Potasii iodide ʒ j.

Vini colchici rad. f. ʒ ij.

Morphia sulphatis gr. iij.

Syrupi f. ℥ j.

Aquæ f. ℥ iij. M.

S. A teaspoonful three times a day.

131. FOR DROPSY.

℞ Fld. ext. apocynum Canabinum ʒ ij.

Spts. lav. comp. ℥ ss.

Syrup simplex ℥ iij ss. M.

S. A teaspoonful every three or four hours.

132. FOR URETHRAITIS.

℞ Tinct. gelsemii ʒ ss.

Potassii bromidi ʒ ijss.

Potass. bicarb. ℥ ss.

Aqua ℥ iv. M.

S. Dessert spoonful in water three times a day.

EMETICS.

133. POWDER OF IPECAC.

℞ Pulvis ipecacuanha ℈ ij. Divide into two

doses.

Signa. One to be taken in a little sweetened water or warm water. If

one powder does not produce the desired effect within thirty or

forty minutes, the second to be taken in like manner. It may be

followed by a draught of tepid water after vomiting commences.

134. POWDER OF SULPHATE OF ZINC.

℞ Sulphate of zinc 10 grs. to ʒ ss.

Signa. To be taken in syrup, and followed by a draught of warm

water.

135. EMETIC FOR A CHILD.

℞ Very young children in some instances suffer from indigestion. If

delicate give five grains ipecacuanha, and after that sickens the

child give a dose of castor oil to remove the offending matter from

the stomach.

136. EMETIC USED IN CAPILLARY BRONCHITIS OF CHILDREN.

℞ Zinchi sulphatis gr. iij.

Pulveris ipecacuauha gr. ij. M.

For one dose; to be repeated every ten minutes until emesis is

produced.

EXPECTORANTS.

137. SEDATIVE COUGH MIXTURE.

℞ Vinum ipecacacuanha fl. dr. 1½.

Spiritus etheris nitrosa fl. dr. 6.

Infusi senega ad. fl. oz. 8. Mix.

One-sixth part every six hours. In chronic bronchitis when an

expectorant and sedative is desired.

138. INFUSION OF FLAXSEED, &C.

℞ Seminum lini ℥ j.

Radicis glycerhiza ℥ ss.

Aqua bulientis Oij.

Macerate for two or three hours near the fire in a covered vessel,

strain, and add lemon juice sufficient to make it agreeable. This

may be given as a common drink in catarrh.

139. COUGH SYRUP.

Errata. On page 123, for 139, 140, read 81, 107.

℞ Morphine grs. viij.

Fld. ext. ipecac. f. ʒ jss.

Tinct. bloodroot f. ℥ j.

Water ℥ vj.

Simple syrup f. ℥ xxv.

Chlorate potash ℥ ss.

Muriate of ammonia ʒ j. M.

S. Dose for an adult, a teaspoonful three times a day and after each

fit of coughing.

140. TAR WATER.

℞ Picis liquida Oij.

Aqua Cong. j. M.

Stir them together with a wooden rod for ten minutes, then let the

tar subside. Strain the water and keep in well corked bottles. A

pint may be taken daily.

141. FOR WHOOPING COUGH.

℞ Ammon. bromide ʒ j.

Tinct. strammonii, sem. gtt. xx.

Syrup simplex ℥ ij.

Aqua ℥ ij. M.

Sig. A teaspoonful three times a day for a child.

142. FOR PNEUMONIA.

℞ Syrup senega ℥ ss.

Spirits nitre,

Tinct. digitalis aa, f. ʒ ij.

Morphine gr. ij.

Simple syrup f. ℥ ij. M.

Sig. Dose, a half teaspoonful every three hours or oftener.

143. PNEUMONIA.

℞ Tinct. aconite gtt. xxx.

Fld. ext. jaborandi,

Spirits nitre dulcis aa. ℥ ij.

Aqua ℥ jv. M.

Sig. A teaspoonful every four hours for an adult.

144. FOR COUGH.

℞ Syrup wild cherry ℥ iij

Tinct. sanguinaria ℥ j.

Morphine grs. ij.

Chlorate potash grs. xv.

Muriate of ammonia grs. x.

Aqua ℥ j. M.

Sig. Dose, ½ a teaspoonful every six hours, and after each spell of

coughing.

ENEMATA AND INJECTIONS.

145. FOR ASCARIDES.

℞ Sulphuric ether 5 to 20 drops.

Water ½ pint to a pint. M.

Inject into the bowels.

146. INJECTION FOR ASCARIDES OR PINWORMS.

℞ Acid carbolici ℈ j.

Potassa chloratis ʒ ij.

Aqua Oj. M.

Warm to 98° and inject into the bowels.

147. INJECTION FOR THE VAGINA. (THIS MAY BE USED DILUTED WITH WATER.)

℞ Tannin ℈ j.

Zinci sulphatis ʒ ij.

Aqua tepidi Oj. M.

Inject with a Davidson or a fountain syringe.

148. ENEMA FOR PINWORMS.

℞ Argenti nitratis (nitrate silver) cryst. 8 grs.

Aqua distilat 6 oz. for an enema.

Repeat this each day for four or five days. This will stain

clothing.

149. ENEMA TO MOVE THE BOWELS.

℞ Ol. ricini (castor oil) f. ℥ ij.

Ol. terebinth. (spirits turpentine) f. ʒ i.

Aqua fervent Oij.

To be administered at once.

150. FOR ASCARIDES CAUSING VAGINAL DISCHARGE.

℞ Tinct. ferri chloridi ℥ ss.

Aqua calcis Oj. Ft. injectio.

Inject one-half into the rectum at night and the other half the next

morning.

151. EMMENAGOGUE ENEMA.

℞ Aloes barbadensis gr. x.

Tepid milk f. ℥ M.

To be injected twice a day when the menstrual flow is due, for one

or two days.

152. FOR IRRITABLE UTERUS.

℞ Bromide potash ʒ j.

Water Oj. M.

Use as a rectal injection. Where there is pain in the part, one

drachm of the tincture of opium hyoscyamus or conium may be used in

the same way.

153. VAGINAL INJECTIONS.

Errata. On page 85 for (F. 153, 199) read (163, 214).

The vaginal injections most used when disinfection is the special

object, and the usual proportions are the following:

℞ Corrosive sublimate, 1 to 1000 or 2000; carbolic acid, 5 or 10 to

1000; thymal, 1 to 1000; sulphite of soda, 5 to 1000; permangenate

of potash, 5 to 1000; liquor sodii chlorinatæ (Labaraques solution),

1 to 2; chlorine water, 1 to 2; salacylic acid, 1 to 1000 hot water.

For medicinal astringent vaginal injections, give alum, sulphate of

zinc, or lead, copper, and iron, salts of the strength of one or two

per cent.

The permangenate of potash, silver nitrate, and iron solutions all make

almost indelible stains on the linen.

If the injections are corrosive, a large straight glass syringe should

be used.

154. INJECTION FOR LEUCORRHŒA.

℞ Alum,

Sulphate of zinc,

Borate of soda,

Pure carbolic acid aa. ℥ jss.

Water Oij. M.

Of this two table spoonfuls in a pint of water.

155. VAGINAL INJECTION.

℞ Zinci sulphatiz,

Aluminis exsiccata aa. ℥ j.

Acidi tannici ℥ ij. Mix. Label.

Half a teaspoonful to be mixed with a pint of tepid or cold water to

form an injection.

156. INJECTION FOR DYSENTERY.

℞ Mucilage of gum Arabic or starch ℥ ij.

Laudanum gtt. xx. M.

For an injection.

157. INJECTION FOR FETID LEUCORRHŒA.

℞ Chlorate of potash ʒ j.

Laudanum f. ʒ j.

Tar water Oij. M.

S. Three table spoonfuls to be added to the pint of warm water as a

vaginal injection.

EMMENAGOGUES—UTERINE THERAPEUTICS.

158. STIMULANT EMMENAGOGUE.

℞ Potassa bromide ʒ j.

Tinct. cantharides f. ʒ jss.

Tinct. cinnamomi f. ʒ jv.

Aqua q. s. ad. f. ℥ jss.

S. Teaspoonful three times a day for amenorrhœa and hysteria.

159. FOR CHLOROSIS.

℞ Tinct. ferri per chloridi f. ʒ jss.

Potassa chloratis ℈ jss.

Tinct. actea racemosa f. ʒ jv.

Infusi serpentaria ad. f. ℥ M.

Sig. One-eighth part three times a day.

160. RECTAL SUPPOSITARY.

℞ Ext. opii aq. 3 grains.

Ext. belladonna 1½ grains.

Buteri cacao q. s. 1½ ounces. M.

ft. suppos. No. 12.

S. Apply one to relieve pain in the region of the uterus or rectum.

161. FOR PAINFUL MENSTRUATION.

℞ Ferri carbonate pulv. ʒ iij.

Ext. conii mac. ʒ ijss.

Ol. cinnamon. min. xx.

Syrup tolutani ℥ ij.

Syrup simplici,

Aqua aa. ℥ vij. M.

S. Dose, a table spoonful four times a day. To be given for a week

or ten days before the menstrual period.

162. FOMENTATION FOR PAIN IN THE BLADDER AND UTERUS.

Errata. On page 90 for (F. 162) read (F. 163.)

℞ Flores chamomelæ 3 ounces.

Pulv. semen lini 3 ounces.

Herb hyscyami,

Herb belladoni,

Herb strammonii aa. 1 ounce. M.

Sig. Make fomentations. To be applied topically and covered with

oiled silk to retain heat and moisture.

163. VAGINAL SUPPOSITARY.

℞ Zinci oxide vel bismuth carbonatis ʒ jss.

Extracti belladonnæ ʒ ss.

Olei theobroma ℥ j.

Olei olivæ ʒ ij. M.

Divide into eight pessaries. Used in chronic leucorrhœa, vaginitis,

&c.

NARCOTICS AND SEDATIVES.

164. FOR HEADACHE.

℞ Morphiæ sulphatis gr. ss.

Sodii bromidi gr. xj. M. et fiant.

charlutas No. ij.

Sig. Take one powder dissolved in a wineglass of water, to be

repeated in an hour if necessary.

165. FOR SUBACUTE RHEUMATISM.

℞ Vinum colchici rad. f. ℥ j.

Morphia sulph. gr. v.

Magnesia sulph. ℥ j.

Potassa iod. ʒ iv.

Aquæ f. ℥ iij. M.

Sig. Half a teaspoonful in water.

166. EPILEPTICAL SEIZURES AT THE MENSTRUAL PERIOD.

℞ Potassa bromide grs. xx.

Tinct. belladonna min. ij.

Syrup,

Aqua q. s. ad. ft. ʒ jv.

S. One dose three times a day.

167. OVARIAN NEURALGIA.

℞ Ammon murias ʒ ij.

Tinct. aconit. ʒ j.

Syrup aurant. cort. ℥ xij. M.

S. One teaspoonful three times a day.

168. SOOTHING NERVINE AND TONIC.

℞ Pot. bromide ℥ ss.

Ferri pyrophos ℥ j.

Elixir humuli, Aquæ aa. ℥ jv. M.

Sig. Table spoonful three times a day.

169. FOR HEADACHE.

℞ Ammonia murias ʒ iij.

Morphia acetat. gr. j.

Caffeine citrat. ʒ ss.

Spts. ammon. aromat. ʒ j.

Elixir guarana, Aqua rosæ aa. ℥ jv. M.

Sig. Dessert spoonful every ten or twenty minutes.

170. TOOTHACHE DROPS.

℞ Chloroform 4 parts.

Mastich 8 parts.

Bals. Peru 5 parts. M. ft. sol.

Sig. Place two or three drops in cavity of tooth.

171. FOR FUNCTIONAL PALPITATION.

℞ Tr. digitalis ʒ v.

Tr. veratrum ʒ ij.

Tr. aconite ʒ j.

Tr. ginger ʒ ijss. M.

S. One teaspoonful three times a day.

172. STIMULANT EMMENAGOGUES.

℞ Ferri phosphatis ʒ ij.

Manganesii phosphatis gr. xxx.

Tincturæ columbæ fl. ℥ j.

Syrupi zinziberas fl. ℥ ij. M.

S. One teaspoonful in a wineglassful of water three times a day.

173. FOR NEURALGIA, &C.

℞ Tincturæ aconiti min. xx.

Spiritus ætheris fl. ʒ jv.

Mistura guaiaci ad. fl. ℥ viij. M.

S. One table spoonful every four hours.

174. FOR NERVOUS DEPRESSION WITH CONSTIPATION.

℞ Spiritus ammoniæ aromatic fl. ʒ iv.

Extracti cinchonæ flavæ liquidi fl. ʒ jss.

Tinct. rhei fl. ʒ jv.

Infusi rhei ad. fl. ℥ viij. M.

S. Two table spoonfuls three times daily.

175. ACID MIXTURE.

℞ Acidi sulphurici aromatici fl. ʒ ij.

Syrup aurantii fl. ℥ j.

Tincturi cinchonæ compositæ fl. ʒ vj.

Infusi cinchonæ flavæ fl. ℥ viij. M.

S. One table spoonful before each meal in depressing disorders; if

there is hemorrhage, give larger doses.

176. FOR LEUCORRHŒA.

℞ Water, one pint; sulphate of magnesia (epsom salts), as much as

the water will dissolve; sulphate of iron, one drachm. Mix and add

aromatic sulphuric acid, one fluid drachm. Dose, a table spoonful or

a sufficient quantity to relax the bowels.

177. FOR ERYSIPELAS.

℞ Spiritus etheris nitrici f. ℥ ij.

Tinct. Ferri chloridi ʒ ij.

Quinia sulphatis grs. xvj. M.

S. A teaspoonful every three hours after the action of a cathartic.

178. AROMATIC INFUSION IN DYSENTERY.

Errata. On page 164 for (F. 178, 179) read (F. 153, 154.)

℞ Bruised calamus root ℥ iij.

Coriander seed ʒ j.

Black pepper ℥ ss.

Water Oj.

Boil to twelve ounces and cool. S. Dose for an adult, an ounce,

three times daily; for a child, one to three teaspoonfuls. Sweeten

if preferred.

179. INCONTINENCE OF URINE.

℞ Tinct. belladonna ʒ ss.

Tinct. ignatia amara ʒ ss.

Tinct. cantharides ʒ ss.

Tinct. cinchonia comp. ℥ jv. M.

Sig. One teaspoonful in water three times a day.

180. HOP BITTERS.

℞ Tinct. of Hops f. ℥ ss.

Tinct. of buchu f. ʒ iij.

Tinct. of senega f. ʒ iij.

Podophyllin, dissolved in spts. of wine ℥ ss. gr. j.

Tincture of cochinael gtt. xx.

Distilled water ad. ℥ xvj. M.

This is said to be the same as the nostrum which is sold for one

dollar (costing only a few cents).

181. TONIC IN NEURALGIA.

℞ Cinchonidia grs. 5.

Ferri carb. grs. 10. M.

One to be taken every four hours, and when the pain is severe give a

little opium or Dover powder.

182. FOR CHRONIC CHILLS.

℞ Cinchonidæ ʒ vj.

Acid sulph. q. s. ad. solv.

Ol. piper niger ʒ ss.

Ol. limonis ʒ j.

Alcohol q. s. ad. solv. M. E.

adde.

Aqua q. s. ad. Oj.

Syrup Oj. M.

Sig. One table spoonful every four hours.

183. FOR ST. VITUS DANCE. (CHOREA.)

℞ Zinci sulphatis gr. xxx.

Ext. valerian (fluid) ℥ j.

Syrup limonis fl. ℥ iij. M.

S. A half teaspoonful three times a day, gradually increasing the

dose.

184. TONIC AFTER SEVERE HEMORRHAGE.

℞ Tinct. ferri chloridi,

Tinct. nucis vomicæ aa. f. ʒ ij.

Spiritus etheris nitrosi f. ℥ iij. Misce fiat

mistura.

S. Take a teaspoonful in plenty of water three times a day.

LOTIONS, LINIMENTS, COLLYRIA, OINTMENTS, SALVES, &C.

185. FOR SCIRRHOUS TUMORS.

℞ Ext. eucalyptus 2 drachms.

Vaseline 1 ounce.

Acid salacylic 4 drachms. Ft.

Unguent.

Apply to tumor and wear it constantly. Use also for indolent

ulcerations where stimulation and purification is needed.

186. TO REMOVE CLOASMA, (BROWNISH DISCOLORATIONS OF SKIN.)

℞ Hydrarg. bichlor. 8 gr.

Boracis pulv. 2 drs.

Acidi acetic 2 oz.

Alcohol 2 oz.

Aqua 4 oz. M.

If it roughens the skin too much omit its use and apply sweet cream.

Sig. Apply locally to the spots. Poison.

187. SALVE FOR BURNS, &C.

℞ Yellow wax melted and strained f. ℥ j.

Linseed oil raw f. ʒ iij.

Tannin ʒ j.

Sub nitrate of bismuth ℈ j. Mix as follows:

Heat the wax in a clean tin vessel, add the oil and stir till they

are thoroughly incorporated; then set off the fire and continue to

stir until cold, adding first the tannin and then the bismuth.

188. TO CURE SORE EYES.

℞ Sulph. zinc,

Rock salt aa. ʒ j.

White sugar ʒ ij.

Soft water ℥ xij. Mix and use as

an eye water.

189. LINIMENT USED IN CEREBRO SPINAL MENINGETIS.

℞ Oil sassafras ℥ ss.

Chloroform ℥ ss.

Aqua ammonia ℥ ss.

Oil cloves ʒ ij.

Tinct. camphor ℥ ss.

Alcohol, strong ℥ jv. M.

S. Apply the whole length of the spine.

190. FOR WHOOPING COUGH.

℞ Rectified oil amber,

Tinct. opium,

Hartshorn,

Olive oil aa. ℥ ss. M.

S. Rub well the whole length of the spine two or three times a day,

until there is tenderness of the skin.

191. AMMONIACAL GAS FOR DYSMENORRHŒA.

℞ Spirits of ammonia ℥ j.

Put a teaspoonful of this in a chamber and have the patient sit for

one or two minutes over it. In cases of severe tenesmus, or

strangury, or dysmenorrhœa, relief may be obtained in about two

minutes if the first pungent effects of the gas can be borne.

192. ANODYNE LOTION.

℞ Tinct. aconite fl. drs. 12.

Aqua ad. fl. oz. 4. Mix.

For acute superficial pain, pruritis, hyperesthesia of the skin,

gout, &c.

193. COOLING LOTION FOR INFLAMED EYES.

℞ Pulv. borax ½ ounce.

Aqua camphor 1 ounce.

Aqua cherry laurel q. s. 4 ounces. M.

S. Drop in the eyes ad. lib. A good vehicle for the addition of one

or two grains atropia sulphate when indicated.

194. ANAL TROUBLES.

℞ Stramonium ung. 1 ounce.

Extract conium ½ drachm.

Sodæ salicyl. 10 grains. M.

Sig. Use quite within the anal folds once or twice a day.

195. LOTION FOR PRURITIS ANI.

℞ Soda bibor. ʒ ij.

Morphia muriat. gr. xvj.

Acid hydrocyan. dil. ℥ ss.

Glycerine ℥ ij.

Aqua ad. f. ℥ viij. M.

S. For external use.

196. LOTION FOR TINEA CAPITIS. (SCALD HEAD.)

℞ Acid carbolici ℥ ss.

Acid acetici ℥ ijss.

Aqua distilata ʒ ijss. M.

Sig. Apply pro re nata.

197. OINTMENT FOR SKIN AFFECTIONS.

℞ Carbolic acid chrys,

Sulphate soda aa. ℈ j.

Sulphur sublim. ʒ j.

Adipis ℥ j. M.

S. Apply two or three times a day. This is effectual for scald head,

and either with or without the sulphur is good for the eruption of

poison oak, foul ulcers, &c.

198. FOR SORE NIPPLES.

℞ Aqua rosæ,

Glycerinæ aa. ℥ ij.

Acid tanica ʒ ij. ft. lotion.

Soak lint in the solution and apply to the nipples.

199. TURPENTINE LINIMENT.

℞ Olei terebinthanæ ℥ ij.

Olei olivarum ℥ ij.

Tinct. camphoræ ℥ j.

Aqua ammonia ʒ j. M. Fiat

Linamentum.

200. A GOOD LINIMENT.

℞ Oil lavendar ℥ ss.

Alcohol ℥ jv. M. Digest then

add.

Sulph. ether ℥ iij.

Laudanum ℥ ij. M. Apply

externally.

201. BELLADONNA AND OPIUM.

Errata. On page 88 for (201, 202) read (172, 173.)

℞ Extract belladonna,

Extract opium aa. ʒ j.

Laurel water ʒ jv. M.

To be painted over painful or inflamed parts. A sheet of tissue

paper may be laid over this, and then a hot fomentation.

202. OINTMENT FOR MAMMARY ABSCESS.

℞ Unguentum tabaci ℥ ij.

Pulv. camph. ʒ ij.

Ext. belladon. ʒ jss. M. ft. ung.

203. FOR PAIN.

℞ Sweet oil,

Laudanum aa. ʒ ij.

Rub on the affected parts.

204. BALSAM FOR WOUNDS.

℞ Balsam fir,

True Venice turpentine,

Oil of almonds aa. ℥ ij.

Add carbolic acid ℥ ss., previously dissolved in warm glycerine ℥

ij. Apply with a camel hair brush, having previously cleansed the

wound with very warm water.

205. FOR BOILS.

℞ Tr. arnica flowers ʒ j.

Tannic acid ʒ ss.

Gum Arabic pulv. ʒ ss. M.

Let the inflamed surface and all around it be painted with the

medicine every fifteen minutes. It should be used as soon as

prepared.

206. FOR HEMORRHOIDS. (PILES.)

℞ Powdered opium grs. xxx.

Tannin ʒ j.

Carbolic acid gtt. xv.

Oil of tobacco gtt. x.

Sol. of sub acetate of lead gtt. xx.

Vaseline ʒ j. Mix intimately.

Apply at night and morning.

207. FOR TENDER NIPPLES.

℞ Sulphate zinc gr. j.

Cologne water ℥ j. M.

208. Fld. ext. pinus canadenses may be used topically for tender

nipples.

209. PILES OINTMENT.

℞ Acidi tannici gr. xx.

Morph. sulphatis gr. v.

Ext. belladonnæ,

Ext. strammonii aa. ʒ ij.

Ungt. petrolei ℥ ij. M.

After bathing and cleansing, rub well on the parts once or twice a

day.

210. FOR SORE EYES.

℞ Ferri sulphas exsiccata grs. vj.

Rain water ℥ jv. M.

S. Use as a collyria. (Eye water.)

211. FOR OPTHALMIA.

℞ Sulph. zinc grs. ij.

Sulph. morphia gr. j.

Glycerine ʒ jv.

Rose water ʒ xij. M.

S. For eye water.

212. CHAFINGS.

℞ Finely pulverized native carbonate of ℥ j.

zinc

Finely pulverized starch ℥ ij. M.

To be dusted on the parts.

213. FOR ENLARGED TONSILS.

℞ Zinci sulphatis gr. xx.

Syrupi mori fl. ʒ jv.

Glycerina fl. ℥ j.

Infusi krameria ad. fl. ℥ viij. Mix.

S. Use as a gargle.

214. FOR BURNS.

℞ Beeswax melted and strained ℥ j.

Flaxseed oil and sweet oil ℥ ij.

Tannic acid ʒ j.

Mix as in formula 187, and after adding the tannin, add 6 or 8 drops

of carbolic acid to the ounce.

215. ASTRINGENT COLLYRIA.

℞ Zinci sulphatis gr. jv.

Aluminis exsiccata gr. jv.

Tinct. arnica min. x.

Aqua distilata f. ℥ j. M.

216. FOR TETTER AND RINGWORM.

℞ Borax ʒ ss.

Tar water ℥ ij. M.

217. FOR PRURITIS OF VULVA.

℞ Borax ʒ ij.

Morphine grs. jv.

Tar water f. ℥ vij. M.

Sig. Apply three times a day to the affected parts by means of a

sponge, &c. First wash with warm water and soap, and dry before

applying the lotion.

218. DANDRUFF LOTION.

℞ Tinct. of cantharides ʒ ij.

Glycerine ℥ ij.

Rose water ℥ iij. M.

219. SULPHATE OF IRON IN ERYSIPELAS.

℞ Ferri sulphas pulverized ℥ j.

Aqua Oss.

Apply to affected cuticle with a cotton cloth well wetted in the

solution every thirty minutes till the inflamed part is restored.

220. PRURIGO VULVA.

℞ Soda bicarb. ℥ ss.

Morph sulph. gr. vj.

Rose water ℥ viij. M.

S. Apply locally.

221. MAMMARY SWELLINGS.

℞ Gum camphor ℥ j.

Sulph. ether,

Tinct. opii aa. ℥ ij.

Aqua Oj.

Dissolve the camphor in the ether, then add the opium and the water.

Wet linen or cotton cloths and keep applied to the breasts.

222. FOR A BLACKENED EYE.

℞ Muriate of ammonia ʒ ij.

Water,

Vinegar aa. ℥ ij.

First foment the part with hot water if there is much pain, then

keep the contusion wet with the lotion.

223. CHLORAL LINIMENT.

℞ Chloral hydrat. ʒ j.

Liniment saponis f. ℥ jv. M.

Sig. For external use. Do not apply so as to cause much soreness.

224. BARBER’S ITCH.

℞ Hydrarg. ammoniat. 10 grains.

Bismuth. subnit. 1 drachm.

Liq. carbonis deterg. 1 drachm.

Lanolin 6 drachms. M.

Sig. To be applied night and morning.

225. COMEDONES.

℞ Sulphuric ether 8 drachms.

Ammonia carbonate 1 drachm.

Boracic acid 20 grains.

Water, to make 16 drachms. M.

Sig. Apply twice a day.

226. OINTMENT FOR FRECKLES.

℞ Subnitrate of Bismuth 2 drachms.

Simple ointment 2 ounces.

Apply to the skin at night and remove in the morning with a little

cold cream previous to washing.

227. CHILBLAINS.

℞ Acidi carbolici 1 drachm.

Tinct. iodini 2 drachms.

Acidi Tannici 1 drachm.

Cerat simp. 4 ounces. Misce bene

ut ft. ungt.

Sig. Apply two or three times a day.

Errata. On page 166 for (F. 234) read (F. 201.)

GLOSSARY.

ABDOMEN. The belly; the portion of trunk between the diaphragm and

pelvis.

ABNORMAL. Unnatural; out of the usual rule or order.

ABORTION. Premature expulsion of the fœtus.

ABRASION. A breaking or rubbing off.

ABSCESS. A collection of pus or matter.

ACAPUNCTURE. To insert needles into the skin or flesh.

ACCOUCHEUR. A skillful man midwife.

ACETATED. Combined with acetic acid.

ACETABULUM. The cotyloid cavity that receives the head of the thigh

bone.

ACID. A substance that can combine chemically with alkalies and

alkaline oxides.

ACINI. Small granular masses.

ACTUAL CAUTERY. Cauterization by red hot iron.

ACUTE, SHARP. An acute disease, has rapid progress and short duration.

ADHESION. A sticking or growing together.

ADIPOSE. Fatty.

ADJUVANTS. Medicines which assist the action of other medicines.

ÆTIOLOGY. The science of causes.

ALA. A wing.

ALA NASI. The cartilaginous sides of the nose which move during

difficult breathing.

ALBUMINOID. Resembling albumen.

ALBUMINARIA. The presence of albumen in the urine. A kidney disease.

ALKALIES. Substances that have the power of forming salts with acids.

ALIMENTARY CANAL. The passage from the mouth to the anus.

ALTERATIVE. A medicine that has power to gradually change or improve a

disease.

ALVEOLI. The bony sockets of the teeth.

AMENORRHŒA. A suspension or absence of the menses.

ANAEMIA. A lack of red particles in the blood; bloodlessness.

ANAL. Relating to the anus or rectum.

ANASARCA. Dropsy of the celular tissue.

ANESTHETIC. Capable of producing insensibility.

ANGINA. An inflammation of the throat.

ANTACID. A remedy against acidity.

ANTERIOR. In front, or placed before.

ANTHELMINTIC. A remedy against worms, destroying or expelling them.

ANTIFLEXION. Bending forwards.

ANTILITHICS. Substances that prevent the formation of calculi.

ANTIPHLOGISTICS. Such medicines as reduce an inflammatory habit.

ANTISEPTIC. Preventing or resisting putrefaction.

ANTISPASMODICS. Such medicines as reduce spasms.

ANTI-VERSION. Turning forwards.

ANUS. The opening at the inferior extremity of the rectum.

AORTA. The great artery of the body, going from the heart.

APERIENT, Opening. Mildly purgative.

APHONIA. Loss of voice.

APTHÆ. Small white ulcers of the mucous membrane.

APOPHYSIS. A bony process; a prominence on the bone.

AQUA. Water.

AREOLA. A circle around the nipple.

AREOLAR TISSUE. The tissue that connects various compound parts of the

body.

ARTICULATION. The joining or union of bones.

ARTERY. A vessel carrying blood from the heart.

ASCARIDES. Pin worms.

ASCITES. Abdominal dropsy.

ASPHYXIA. Apparent death; suspended animation.

ASSIMULATION. The process by which nutriment is converted into the

substance of the body.

ASTHENIA. Want of strength; exhaustion; debility.

ASTRINGENT. Having the power of contracting organic textures.

ATROPHY. Wasting.

AUSCULTATION. Listening, observing the sounds in the thorax, &c.

AUTOPSY. A post mortem examination.

AXILLA. The arm pit.

AXIS. A line passing through the center of a body.

BACTERIA. A kind of microscopic organism.

BALLOTTEMENT. The falling back of the displaced fœtus.

BASIS. That part upon which anything rests.

BENIGN. Of a mild character.

Mother, Nurse and Infant A Manual Especially Adapted for the Guidance of Mothers and Monthly Nurses, Comprising Full Instruction in Regard To Pregnancy, Preparation for Child-birth, and the Care of Mother and Child, and Designed to Impart so Much Knowledge of Anatomy, Physiology, Midwifery, and the Proper Use of Medicines as Will Serve Intelligently to Direct the Wife, Mother and Nurse in All Emergencies. · 第 10 / 11 章

For BEE and WASP STINGS apply the tincture of arnica, or sweet oil.