Mr. ROWLEY. This is what we call a tentative budget.
Mr. RANKIN. That has been presented to the Budget Bureau?
Mr. ROWLEY. It has not been presented to the Budget Office of the
Treasury, which is the first step. Then it goes to the Budget Bureau,
and then subsequently to the House and Senate.
Mr. RANKIN. You said it has not been.
Mr. ROWLEY. No; this is a tentative proposal that we have made.
Mr. RANKIN. At this stage, so we get the record clear--that is a
consideration of what you think you should have, but it hasn't gone
through the steps you have just described, is that right?
Mr. ROWLEY. That is right. But it does not include--necessarily, until
we complete our thorough examination--what our requirements will be
under the new revisions of our organization. Particularly as it relates
to manpower, we want to be sure that we have the proper justification.
And so we hope by October or November to have a good estimate at that
time.
Representative FORD. Well, the figure that is shown here for fiscal
year 1965 is $7,550,000.
Mr. ROWLEY. Yes, sir.
Representative FORD. Is that the budget submission to the Congress?
Mr. ROWLEY. To the Congress; yes, sir.
Representative FORD. And do you recall what the House approved in its
version of the bill?
Mr. ROWLEY. $7,500,000. They cut $50,000.
Representative FORD. Do you recall what the reduction was predicated on?
Mr. ROWLEY. No; I don't. I think it was just cut to a round figure.
Representative FORD. What is the footnote here which is entitled
"Pending action by the Senate"? Is that a $669,000 increase?
Mr. ROWLEY. That is right.
Representative FORD. Is that a supplemental?
Mr. ROWLEY. No, no; we are just showing the increase--this has nothing
to do with the $669,000. We show--this was passed by the House, but it
is now pending in the Senate for approval. In other words, you have
your markup or something, and then it hasn't been submitted to the
House for a--to the Senate for approval.
Representative FORD. But there is an asterisk there.
Mr. ROWLEY. Yes; this is the 1965 budget. This figure that was reduced
by $50,000, by the House. Now, it goes before--for a markup--it will be
placed before the Senate for approval.
Mr. RANKIN. Chief Rowley, when you say "this" it doesn't show on the
record what you are talking about. So if you can tell what item on that
Exhibit No. 1028.
Representative FORD. On the same line with the language, "Pending
action by Senate," on the right-hand side is $669,000, which is labeled
as an increase. That increase relates to what?
Mr. ROWLEY. It relates to the difference--the increase between 1965
and our proposed budget of 1966. The asterisk here relates to the 586
positions.
Mr. RANKIN. Is there any connection between those two? Chief Rowley,
is there any connection between the asterisk, and the wording "Pending
before the Senate," and the item on the right-hand column of the
increase?
Mr. ROWLEY. Yes; it represents the increase that we are asking for in
the 1966 budget.
Senator COOPER. You are not asking the Senate, though, to increase the
House figure of $7,500,000, by $669,000.
Mr. ROWLEY. No, no; there is no connection between these increases.
This should have been down here, where you explain what the asterisk
is, where we have 586. Maybe it was put in the wrong position there.
In other words, it is like a footnote. This is pending action--meaning
that the House has passed the 1965 budget, but the Senate has yet to
pass it.
Mr. RANKIN. But to clarify, there is no connection between the
increased figure and the fact that it is pending before the Senate?
Mr. ROWLEY. That is right. It happens to be on the same line.
Mr. RANKIN. But there is no connection?
Mr. ROWLEY. No, sir.
Senator COOPER. What you mean is the House has passed an appropriation
of $7,500,000, and the Senate has not yet acted upon it.
Mr. ROWLEY. That is correct.
Senator COOPER. The $669,000 is an increase that you hope will be voted
in the next fiscal year.
Mr. ROWLEY. That is correct.
Mr. DULLES. Do you present the budget yourself, or does the Secretary
of the Treasury, or someone else in the Treasury Department--present
and defend it?
Mr. ROWLEY. The Secretary presents the overall Treasury budget, but
then in detail, we appear before the appropriations subcommittee
ourselves to justify our request.
Mr. DULLES. The Secret Service justifies its own request in the overall
budget of the Department of the Treasury?
Mr. ROWLEY. Yes, sir.
Representative FORD. Chief Rowley, on page 5 of Exhibit No. 1027,
the statement is made, "In the fiscal year 1965, the Secret Service
has requested funds for an additional 25 positions. The House of
Representatives has included the requested funds in the Treasury-Post
Office appropriation bill which passed several weeks ago. These funds
will not be sufficient to take the additional measures which we
believe are required. However, since the 1965 budget figures had to be
submitted in November 1963, it was not possible to make specific and
properly justified requests at that time. We should be in a position to
do so in the fiscal year 1966 budget submission."
You are not saying that you won't have whatever additional personnel
you need now, or from now until the beginning of fiscal year 1966, for
the protection of the President?
Mr. ROWLEY. No; we are not saying that. We are saying that in view of
the circumstances of what happened in November, that this budget of 25
positions had already been submitted, and there was nothing you could
do to take it back.
The 1966 budget was also prepared and submitted. But, as I explain
later, in all consideration, we cannot at this time helter skelter
say we need so many men, taking advantage of the tragedy. We want to
experiment and develop what we need in protective research in the way
of manpower and equipment, and what we need in the field, because
necessarily we will have to have special agents added to the field to
conduct any investigations on risks that may be forwarded to them.
Representative FORD. But if in the process of your analysis of
your needs, you develop that you need more personnel, you need new
devices, you need equipment of any sort whatsoever--you won't delay
the submission of that request just because of the fiscal year budget
coming up for fiscal 1966?
Mr. ROWLEY. No, sir.
Representative FORD. Because we do have, as you well know, supplemental
and deficiency appropriation bills.
Mr. ROWLEY. That is right.
Representative FORD. So if you need something, you can request it
of the Bureau of the Budget, and if it can be justified, it can be
submitted to the Congress in one of the other forms besides the regular
appropriation bills.
Mr. ROWLEY. That is right. Because now as I understand it the same
committee handles the supplemental.
Representative FORD. That is correct.
Mr. ROWLEY. We are aware of that. That is what we would do when we
arrive at what our requirements would be.
Representative FORD. We can have your assurance that if you come
up with requirements, you won't wait for fiscal 1966 to make your
submission.
Mr. ROWLEY. That is right.
Mr. RANKIN. Chief Rowley, you are in the process of trying to arrive at
your estimates of what you need in additional personnel and equipment
and other assistance to make the protective services and the Secret
Service in its work of protecting the President as efficient as
possible, are you?
Mr. ROWLEY. Yes, sir.
Mr. RANKIN. And you are seeking the help and advice of people that you
have named, such as the Rand Corp., and others?
Mr. ROWLEY. Yes, sir.
Mr. RANKIN. And do you have any estimate now that you can give the
Commission as to when you might have your estimates in that regard?
Mr. ROWLEY. Well, I think, No. 1, with regard to the protective
research, I think we need some expert there to assist us in developing
our requirements, particularly in the criteria, on a full-time basis.
We have assigned what we thought were sufficient men at this time to
cope with the volume of work and reports that we have been receiving,
which are now being received from the various organizations of
approximately a hundred reports a day. So that we have cut down to a
considerable point.
Now, following the evaluation and the processing of these reports, we
will determine just what we actually need in the way of manpower.
Mr. RANKIN. You also have the problem of being able to get that
material out once you have it, don't you?
Mr. ROWLEY. That is right. And this is the point that we have to
develop with IBM, or, as I said initially, with the CIA.
Now, they have facilities that would be available to us, if it works.
Mr. RANKIN. And you are also inquiring into the question of the
sufficiency of the number of agents you have for this area as well as
other Secret Service tasks?
Mr. ROWLEY. Yes, sir.
Mr. RANKIN. And you are going to present that to the Congress as soon
as you have something definite that you can support?
Mr. ROWLEY. That is right--in response to Congressman Ford's inquiry.
Mr. RANKIN. Now, I think the Commission would be interested in the
requirements or standards that you have for agents. Do you require a
college education now?
Mr. ROWLEY. Yes, sir.
Mr. RANKIN. And are there any other conditions or standards that you
would like to describe?
Mr. DULLES. May I inquire for one point? Is that a college education
for the White House detail?
Mr. ROWLEY. No; that is for all the agents that we recruit for our
work, for both criminal and protective, Mr. Dulles. We require a
minimum academic achievement of 4 years of college or university, and
preferably those who attend police administrative schools, where they
have in their curricula subjects on science, criminology, and law. We
find that these people are better adapted, they have an inclination,
and they are interested.
But we do take people with B.A.'s and B.S.'s, because they, too, have
been most satisfactory. But we find when we need to recruit the men,
we go to these colleges with special courses. As I mentioned earlier
we first started recruiting them from Michigan State, because that was
one of the first universities with a police administration curriculum.
And we found each and every one of them have been most satisfactory and
have excellent records.
As a matter of fact, a good portion of them are agents in charge of our
65 offices throughout the country.
Mr. RANKIN. What do you do as a matter of procedure in assigning your
agents? Do you keep them in Presidential protection, or do you shift
them from that to other functions in the Secret Service?
Mr. ROWLEY. Well, when they are first sworn into duty, we assign them to
an office, so during the period, the first 6 months, you would call it
inservice training, because we are not in the position that the FBI is
where they take in, say, a given number of agents--let's set a figure
at 30--and then they can start them immediately with their school of
12 weeks. We are not in a position to hire that many at a time. We are
in a position to hire 10. So that after 6 months, 10 now, after the
character investigations are completed, and then we may get 10 more
later.
Then we send them to what we call the Treasury Basic School, after
which we try to send them as soon as practical to our Secret Service
School.
Now, sometimes a new man might be a year in the Secret Service, and
during that period he is on probation, after which we determine through
the agent in charge whether his service is satisfactory, and whether he
will develop into an agent.
Mr. DULLES. Is the FBI School open to any of your respective recruits?