1. REMARKABLE INSTANCES.--There are instances where babies have been
born with teeth, and, on the other hand, there are cases of persons
who have never had any teeth at all; and others that had double teeth
all around in both upper and lower jaws, but these are rare instances,
and may be termed as a sort of freaks of nature.
2. INFANT TEETHING.--The first teeth generally make their appearance
after the third month, and during the period of teething the child is
fretful and restless, causing sometimes constitutional disturbances,
such as diarrhoea, indigestion, etc. Usually, however, no serious
results follow, and no unnecessary anxiety need be felt, unless
the weather is extremely warm, then there is some danger of summer
complaint setting in and seriously complicating matters.
3. THE NUMBER OF TEETH.--Teeth are generally cut in pairs and make
their appearance first in the front and going backwards until all are
complete. It generally takes about two years for a temporary set of
children's teeth. A child two or three years old should have twenty
teeth. After the age of seven they generally begin to loosen and fall
out and permanent teeth take their place.
4. LANCING THE GUMS.--This is very rarely necessary. There are extreme
cases when the condition of the mouth and health of the child demand
a physician's lance, but this should not he resorted to, unless it
is absolutely necessary. When the gums are very much swollen and
the tooth is nearly through, the pains may be relieved by the mother
taking a thimble and pressing it down upon the tooth, the sharp edges
of the tooth will cut through the swollen flesh, and instant relief
will follow. A child in a few hours or a day will be perfectly happy
after a very severe and trying time of sickness.
5. PERMANENT TEETH.--The teeth are firmly inserted in sockets of the
upper and lower jaw. The permanent teeth which follow the temporary
teeth, when complete, are sixteen in each jaw, or thirty-two in all.
6. NAMES OF TEETH.--There are four incisors (front teeth), four
cuspids (eye teeth), four bicuspids (grinders), and four molars (large
grinders), in each jaw. Each tooth is divided into the crown, body,
and root. The crown is the grinding surface; the body--the part
projecting from the jaw--is the seat of sensation and nutrition; the
root is that portion of the tooth which is inserted in the alveolus.
The teeth are composed of dentine (ivory) and enamel. The ivory forms
the greater portion of the body and root, while the enamel covers the
exposed surface. The small white cords communicating with the teeth
are the nerves.
[Illustration]
[Illustration]
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