HISTORY OF ROME: By Oliver Goldsmith
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION. CHAPTER PAGE I. Geographical Outline of Italy 11 II.
The Latin Language and People—Credibility of the Early History 18 III.
Topography of Rome 23 IV. The Roman Constitution 30 V. The Roman Tenure
of Land—Colonial Government 37 VI. The Roman Religion 39 VII. The Roman
Army and Navy 43 VIII. Roman Law.—Finance 51 IX. The public Amusements
and private Life of the Romans 55 X. Geography of the empire at the time
of its greatest extent 59
HISTORY.
I. Of the Origin of the Romans 63 II. From the building of Rome to the
death of Romulus 66 III. From the death of Romulus to the death of Numa
71 IV. From the death of Numa to the death of Tullus Hostilius 73 V.
From the death of Tullus Hostilius to the death of Ancus Martius 75 VI.
From the death of Ancus Martius to the death of Taiquinius Priscus
77 VII. From the death of Tarquinius Priscus to the death of Servius
Tullius 80 VIII. From the death of Servius Tullius to the banishment of
Tarquinius Superbus 83 IX. From the banishment of Tarquinius Superbus
to the appointment of the first Dictator 88 X. From the Creation of the
Dictator to the election of the Tribunes 93 XI. From the Creation of the
Tribunes to the appointment of the Decemviri, viz. Section 1.—The great
Volscian war 96 —— 2.—Civil commotions on account of the Agrarian law
101 XII. From the creation of the Decemviri to the destruction of the
city by the Gauls, viz. Section 1.—Tyranny of the Decemviri 106 ——
2.—Crimes of Appius—Revolt of the army 110 —— 3.—Election of Military
Tribunes— Creation of the Censorship 115 —— 4.—Siege and capture of
Veii—Invasion of the Gauls 119 —— 5.—Deliverance of Rome from the Gauls
125 XIII. From the wars with the Samnites to the First Punic war, viz.
Section 1.—The Latin war 131 —— 2.—Invasion of Italy by Pyrrhus, king
of Epirus 135 —— 3.—Defeat and departure of Pyrrhus 140 XIV. From the
beginning of the First Punic war to the beginning of the Second, viz.
Section 1.—Causes and commencement of the war—Invasion of Africa by
Regulus 144 —— 2.—Death of Regulus—Final Triumph of the Romans 149 XV.
The Second Punic war, viz. Section 1.—Commencement of the war—Hannibal's
invasion of Italy 151 —— 2.—Victorious career of Hannibal 155
—— 3.—Retrieval of the Roman affairs—Invasion of Africa by
Scipio—Conclusion of the war 160 XVI. Macedonian, Syrian, Third Punic,
and Spanish wars 164 XVII. From the Destruction of Carthage to the
end of the Sedition of the Gracchi, viz. Section 1.—Murder of Tiberius
Gracchus 170 —— 2.—Slaughter of Caius Gracchus and his adherents 174
XVIII. From the Sedition of Gracchus to the perpetual Dictatorship of
Sylla, viz. Section 1.—The Jugurthine and Social wars 178 —— 2.—The
cruel massacres perpetrated by Marius and Sylla 183 XIX. From the
perpetual Dictatorship of Sylla to the first Triumvirate 188 XX. From
the First Triumvirate to the death of Pompey, viz. Section 1.—Cæsar's
wars in Gaul—Commencement of the Civil war 194 —— 2.—Cæsar's victorious
career 199 —— 3.—The campaign in Thessaly and Epirus 204 —— 4.—The
battle of Pharsalia 208 —— 5.—Death of Pompey 212 XXI. From the
Destruction of the Commonwealth to the establishment of the first
Emperor, Augustus, viz. Section 1.—Cæsar's Egyptian campaign 218 ——
2.—The African campaign 223 —— 3.—Death of Cæsar 228 —— 4.—The Second
Triumvirate 234 —— 5.—The Battle of Philippi 239 —— 6.—Dissensions
of Antony and Augustus 244 —— 7.—The Battle of Actium 249 —— 8.—The
Conquest of Egypt 255 XXII. From the accession of Augustus to the death
of Domitian, viz. Section 1.—The beneficent Administration of Augustus
262 —— 2.—Death of Augustus 267 —— 3.—The reign of Tiberius—Death of
Germanicus 271 —— 4.—Death of Sejanus and Tiberius—Accession of Caligula
276 —— 5.—Extravagant cruelties of Caligula—His death 281 —— 6.—The
Reign of Claudius 285 —— 7.—The reign of Nero 291 —— 8.—Death of
Nero—Reigns of Galba and Otho 296 —— 9.—The reigns of Vitellius and
Vespasian—The siege of Jerusalem by Titus 301 —— 10.—The Reigns of Titus
and Domitian 307 —— 11.—The assassination of Domitian 312 XXIII. The
Five good emperors of Rome, viz. Section 1.—The Reigns of Nerva and
Trajan 316 —— 2.—The Reign of Adrian 321 —— 3.—The Reign of Antoninus
Pius 325 —— 4.—The reign of Marcus Aurelius 330 XXIV. From the accession
of Commodus to the change of the seat of Government, from Rome to
Constantinople, viz. Section 1.—The Reigns of Commodus, Pertinax,
and Didius 333 —— 2.—The Reigns of Severus, Caracalla, Maximus, and
Heliogabalus 337 —— 3.—The reigns of Alexander, Maximin, and Gordian
342 —— 4.—The Reigns of Philip, Decius, Gallus, Valerian, Claudius,
Aurelian, Tacitus, and Probus 346 —— 5.—The reigns of Carus, Carinus,
Dioclesian, and Constantius—Accession of Constantine 350 —— 6.—The reign
of Constantine 355 XXV. From the death of Constantine, to the reunion of
the Roman empire under Theodosius the Great, viz. Section 1.—The Reign
of Constantius 358 —— 2.—The Reigns of Julian Jovian, the Valentinians,
and Theodosius 365 XXVI. From the death of Theodosius to the subversion
of the Western Empire, viz. Section 1.—The division of the Roman
dominions into the Eastern and Western empires 373 —— 2.—Decline
and fall of the Western empire 377 XXVII. Historical notices of the
different barbarous tribes that aided in overthrowing the Roman empire
385 XXVIII. The progress of Christianity 391 Chronological Index 395
DALZIELS' ILLUSTRATED GOLDSMITH AND A SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF OLIVER
GOLDSMITH One Hundred Pictures Drawn By G. J. Pinwell CONTENTS PAGE
A SKETCH OF THE LIFE OF OLIVER GOLDSMITH 1
THE TRAVELLER 189
THE HAUNCH OF VENISON 205
RETALIATION 225
THE GOOD-NATURED MAN 361
THE POEMS OF OLIVER GOLDSMITH Illustrations By Birket Foster And H. N.
Humphreys, Printed In Colours By Edmund Evans. FOOTNOTES:
1 Miscellaneous Prose Works of Goldsmith, vol. i., p. 79.
2 "The year of Dr. Goldsmith's birth had been universally mistaken, till
his family, some time after his death, furnished correct information
of the circumstance."—Percy. CONTENTS PAGE The Traveller 1 The Deserted
Village 29 The Hermit 57 The Captivity 67 The Haunch of Venison 85
Retaliation 91 The Double Transformation 99 The Gift to Iris 104 The
Logicians Refuted 105 An Elegy on the Death of a Mad Dog 108 Threnodia
Augustalis 110 A New Simile 122 On a Beautiful Youth struck Blind by
Lightning 125 Stanzas on Woman 126 Translation from Scarròn 126 Stanzas
on the Taking of Quebec 127 Epitaph on Edward Purdon 128xix Translation
of a South American Ode 128 Epitaph on Thomas Parnell 129 Description
of an Author's Bed-chamber 130 Song, from the Comedy of "She Stoops to
Conquer" 131 Answer to an Invitation to Dinner. 133 Song, intended to
have been sung in "She Stoops to Conquer" 135 From the Latin of Vida
135 An Elegy on Mrs. Mary Blaize 136 Answer to an Invitation to pass the
Christmas at Barton 138 On Seeing a Lady Perform a Certain Character 141
Birds 142 Prologue written and spoken by the Poet Laberius 143 Prologue
to "Zobeide" 144 Epilogue to "The Sister" 146 Epilogue intended for "She
Stoops to Conquer" 148 Another Intended Epilogue 153 Epilogue to "She
Stoops to Conquer" 155 Epilogue to "The Good-natured Man" 157 On the
Death of the Right Hon. —— 159 Epilogue Written for Mr. Charles Lee
Lewes 163
xx ILLUSTRATIONS
ENGRAVED BY EDMUND EVANS, FROM DRAWINGS BY BIRKET FOSTER. MILL AT LISSOY
(Frontispiece). PAGE GOLDSMITH'S TOMB IN THE TEMPLE CHURCHYARD xvii THE
TRAVELLER. Or where Campania's plain forsaken lies 5 Bless'd that abode,
where want and pain repair 6 Even now, where Alpine solitudes ascend 7
Ye lakes, whose vessels catch the busy gale 8 The shuddering tenant of
the frigid zone 9 Basks in the glare, or stems the tepid wave 10 While
oft some temple's mouldering tops between 12 In florid beauty groves and
fields appear 13 A mistress or a saint in every grove 14xxi Where the
bleak Swiss their stormy mansions tread 16 With patient angle trolls
the finny deep 17 How often have I led thy sportive choir 18 The
willow-tufted bank, the gliding sail 21 There gentle music melts on
every spray 24 Where wild Oswego spreads her swamps around 27 THE
DESERTED VILLAGE. The never-failing brook, the busy mill 32 The
shelter'd cot, the cultivated farm 33 And many a gambol frolick'd o'er
the ground 34 The hollow-sounding bittern guards its nest 35 Where once
the cottage stood, the hawthorn grew 37 The swain responsive as the
milk-maid sung 38 And fill'd each pause the nightingale had made 39 To
pick her wintry faggot from the thorn 40 The village preacher's modest
mansion rose 41 Thus to relieve the wretched was his pride 42 At church,
with meek and unaffected grace 43 Low lies that house, where nut-brown
draughts inspir'd 45 No more the farmer's news, the barber's tale
45 Space for his lake, his park's extended bounds 48 Where the poor
houseless, shivering female lies 50 Her modest looks the cottage might
adorn 51 Where crouching tigers wait their hapless prey 52 The cooling
brook, the grassy-vested green 53 And left a lover's for a father's arms
54xxii Downward they move, a melancholy band 56 THE HERMIT. Then turn,
to-night, and freely share whate'er my cell bestows 58 The hermit
trimm'd his little fire, and cheer'd his pensive guest 61 And when,
beside me in the dale; he caroll'd lays of love 64 THE CAPTIVITY. Ye
hills of Lebanon, with cedars crown'd 69 Fierce is the tempest rolling
along the furrow'd main 74 As panting flies the hunted hind, where
brooks refreshing stray 80 O Babylon! how art thou fall'n 83 THE HAUNCH
OF VENISON 90 THE DOUBLE TRANSFORMATION 102 AN ELEGY ON THE DEATH OF A
MAD DOG 109 THRENODIA AUGUSTALIS 116 ON A BEAUTIFUL YOUTH STRUCK BLIND
BY LIGHTNING 125 SONG—"THE THREE PIGEONS" 130 BIRDS 142 EPILOGUE WRITTEN
FOR MR. CHARLES LEE LEWES 162
THE DESERTED VILLAGE By Oliver Goldsmith Illustrated by the Etching Club
MDCCCLVII ILLUSTRATIONS
Page
Sweet Auburn! loveliest milage of the plain...T. Creswick, R.A.....007
The never-failing brook, the busy mill........T. Creswick, R.A.....008
The hawthorn bush, with seals in shade........C. W. Cope, R.A......009
The matron's glance that would reprove........H. J. Townsend.......010
The hollow sounding bittern guards its nest...F. Tayler............012
These, far departing, seek a kinder shore.....C. Stonhouse.........014
Amidst the swains show my book-learn'd skill..J. C. Horsley........015
And, as a hare, whom hounds and horns pursue..F. Tayler............016
To spurn imploring famine from the gale.......C. W. Cope, R.A......017
While resignation gently slopes the way.......T. Creswick, R.A.....018
The playful children let loose from school....T. Webster, R.A......019
All but yon widow'd solitary thing............F. Tayler............020
The village preacher's modest mansion rose....T. Creswick, R.A.....021
He chid their wanderings; relieved pain.......C. W. Cope, R.A......022
Shoulder'd his crutch, and show'd fields won..C. W. Cope, R.A......023
Beside the bed where parting life was laid....R. Redgrave, R.A.....025
And pluck'd his gown, share the man's smile...J. C. Horsley........026
The village master taught his little school...T. Webster, R.A......027
Full well they laugh'd with glee..............T. Webster, R.A......028
Convey'd the dismal tidings when he frown'd...T. Webster, R.A......028
In arguing too the parson own'd his skill.....C. W. Cope, R.A......029
Near yonder thorn, that lifts its head high...T. Creswick, R.A.....030
Where village statesmen with looks profound...F. Tayler............031
But the long pomp, the midnight masquerade....J. C. Horsley........033
Proud swells the tide with loads of ore.......T. Creswick, R.A.....034
If to some common's fenceless limit stray'd...C. Stonhouse.........036
Where the poor houseless female lies..........J. C. Horsley........037
She left her wheel and robes of brown.........J. C. Horsley........038
The rattling terrors of the vengeful snake....T. Creswick, R.A.....040
The cooling brookt the grassy-vested green....T. Creswick, R.A.....041
The good old sire the first prepared to go....C. W. Cope, R.A......042
Whilst her husband strove to lend relief......R. Redgrave, R.A.....043
Down where yon vessel spreads the sail........T. Creswick, R.A.....044
Or winter wraps the polar world in snow.......T. Creswick, R.A.....045
As rocks resist the billows aNd the sky.......T. Creswick, R.A.....046
THE COMPLETE POETICAL WORKS Of Oliver Goldsmith
CONTENTS
Introduction Chronology of Goldsmith's Life and Poems
POEMS Descriptive Poems The Traveller; or, A Prospect of Society page 3
The Deserted Village page 23 Lyrical and Miscellaneous Pieces Prologue
of Laberius page 41 On a Beautiful Youth struck Blind with Lightning
page 42 The Gift. To Iris, in Bow Street page 43 The Logicians Refuted
page 44 A Sonnet page 46 Stanzas on the Taking of Quebec page 46 An
Elegy on Mrs. Mary Blaize page 47 Description of an Author's Bedchamber
page 48 On seeing Mrs. *** perform in the Character of **** page 49
On the Death of the Right Hon.*** page 50 An Epigram. Addressed to the
Gentlemen reflected on in 'The Rosciad', a Poem, by the Author page 51
To G. C. and R. L. page 51 Translation of a South American Ode page 51
The Double Transformation. A Tale page 52 A New Simile, in the Manner of
Swift page 56 Edwin and Angelina page 59 Elegy on the Death of a Mad Dog
page 65 Song ('When Lovely Woman,' etc.) page 67 Epilogue to The Good
Natur'd Man page 68 Epilogue to The Sister page 70 Prologue to Zobeide
page 72 Threnodia Augustalis: Sacred to the Memory of Her Late Royal
Highness the Princess Dowager of Wales page 74 Song ('Let school-
masters,' etc.) page 84 Epilogue to She Stoops to Conquer page 85
Retaliation page 87 Song ('Ah, me! when shall I marry me?') page 94
Translation ('Chaste are their instincts') page 94
page v
The Haunch of Venison page 95 Epitaph on Thomas Parnell page 100 The
Clown's Reply page 100 Epitaph on Edward Purdon page 100 Epilogue for
Lee Lewes page 101 Epilogue written for She Stoops to Conquer (1)
page 103 Epilogue written for She Stoops to Conquer (2) page 108 The
Captivity. An Oratorio Verses in Reply to an Invitation to Dinner page
128 Letter in Prose and Verse to Mrs. Bunbury page 130 Vida's Game of
Chess page 135
NOTES Introduction to the Notes page 159 Editions of the Poems page
161 The Traveller page 162 The Deserted Village page 177 Prologue of
Laberius page 190 On a Beautiful Youth struck Blind with Lightning page
192 The Gift page 193 The Logicians Refuted page 194 A Sonnet page 196
Stanzas on the Taking of Quebec page 196 An Elegy on Mrs. Mary Blaize
page 197 Description of an Author's Bedchamber page 199 On seeing Mrs.
*** perform in the Character of **** page 202 On the Death of the
Right Hon. *** page 202 An Epigram page 203 To G. C. and R. L. page 203
Translation of a South American Ode page 203 The Double Transformation
page 203 A New Simile page 205 Edwin and Angelina page 206 Elegy on the
Death of a Mad Dog page 212 Song (from The Vicar of Wakefield) page 213
Epilogue (The Good Natur'd Man) page 214 Epilogue (The Sister) page 215
Prologue (Zobeide) page 216 Threnodia Augustalis page 218 Song (from She
Stoops to Conquer) page 219
page vi
Epilogue (She Stoops to Conquer) page 220 Retaliation page 222 Song
intended for She Stoops to Conquer page 235 Translation page 236 The
Haunch of Venison page 236 Epitaph on Thomas Parnell page 243 The
Clown's Reply page 244 Epitaph on Edward Purdon page 244 Epilogue for
Lee Lewes's Benefit page 245 Epilogue (She Stoops to Conquer) (1) page
246 Epilogue (She Stoops to Conquer) (2) page 248 The Captivity page 249
Verses in Reply to an Invitation to Dinner page 250 Letter in Prose and
Verse to Mrs. Bunbury page 252 Vida's Game of Chess page 255
APPENDIXES Portraits of Goldsmith page 259 Descriptions of Newell's
Views of Lissoy, etc. page 262 The Epithet 'Sentimental' page 264
Fragments of Translations, etc., by Goldsmith page 266 Goldsmith
on Poetry under Anne and George the First page 268 Criticisms from
Goldsmith's Beauties of English Poesy page 270
page vii
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS OLIVER GOLDSMITH. From Joseph Marchi's mezzotint
of 1770 after the portrait by Sir Joshua Reynolds. PANE OF GLASS with
Goldsmith's autograph signature, dated March, 1746, now at Trinity
College, Dublin. VIGNETTE TO THE TRAVELLER. Drawn by Samuel Wale, and
engraved by Charles Grignion. HEADPIECE TO THE TRAVELLER. Engraved on
wood by Charlton Nesbit for Bulmer's Poems of Goldsmith and Parnell,
1795. THE TRAVELLER. From a design by Richard Westall, R. A., engraved
on wood by Thomas Bewick for Bulmer's Poems of Goldsmith and Parnell,
1795. VIGNETTE TO THE DESERTED VILLAGE, 1770. Drawn and engraved by
Isaac Taylor. HEADPIECE TO THE DESERTED VILLAGE. Engraved on wood by
Charlton Nesbit for Bulmer's Poems of Goldsmith and Parnell, 1795. THE
WATER-CRESS GATHERER. Drawn and engraved on wood by John Bewick
for Bulmer's Poems of Goldsmith and Parnell, 1795. {This picture is
unavailable.] THE DEPARTURE. Drawn by Robert Johnson, and engraved on
wood by Thomas Bewick for Bulmer's Poems of Goldsmith and Parnell,
1795. EDWIN AND ANGELINA. From an original washed drawing made by Thomas
Stothard, R.A., for Aikin's Goldsmith's Poetical Works, 1805. PORTRAIT
OF GOLDSMITH, after Sir Joshua Reynolds. From an etching by James
Basire on the title-page of Retaliation, 1774. SONG FROM THE CAPTIVITY.
Facsimile of Goldsmith's writing and signature, from Prior's Life of
Oliver Goldsmith, M.B., 1837, ii, frontispiece. GREEN ARBOUR COURT, OLD
BAILEY. From an engraving in the European Magazine for January, 1803.
page viii
KILKENNY WEST CHURCH. From an aquatint by S. Alken of a sketch by R. H.
Newell (Goldsmith's Poetical Works, 1811). HAWTHORN TREE. From the same.
SOUTH VIEW FROM GOLDSMITH'S MOUNT. From the same . . . To face p. 183.
[This picture is unavailable.] THE SCHOOL HOUSE. From the same. PORTRAIT
OF GOLDSMITH. Drawn by Henry William Bunbury and etched by James
Bretherton. From the Haunch of Venison, 1776. PORTRAIT OF GOLDSMITH.
From a silhouette by Ozias Humphry, R.A., in the National Portrait
Gallery. LISSOY (OR LISHOY) MILL. From an aquatint by S. Alken of
a sketch by R. H. Newell (Goldsmith's Poetical Works, 1811). THE
PARSONAGE. From the same.