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ZIGZAG JOURNEYS
IN
NORTHERN LANDS.
THE RHINE TO THE ARCTIC.
_A SUMMER TRIP OF THE ZIGZAG CLUB THROUGH
HOLLAND, GERMANY, DENMARK, NORWAY,
AND SWEDEN._
BY
HEZEKIAH BUTTERWORTH,
AUTHOR OF "YOUNG FOLKS' HISTORY OF AMERICA,"
"YOUNG FOLKS' HISTORY OF BOSTON,"
"ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN EUROPE," ETC.
_FULLY ILLUSTRATED._
BOSTON:
ESTES AND LAURIAT,
301-305 WASHINGTON STREET.
1884.
_Copyright, 1883_,
BY ESTES AND LAURIAT.
THE ZIGZAG SERIES.
BY
HEZEKIAH BUTTERWORTH,
OF THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE "YOUTH'S COMPANION,"
AND CONTRIBUTOR TO "ST. NICHOLAS" MAGAZINE.
_Each volume complete in itself._
NOW PUBLISHED.
_ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN EUROPE._
_ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN CLASSIC LANDS._
_ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN THE ORIENT._
_ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN THE OCCIDENT._
New Volume for 1883.
_ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN NORTHERN LANDS._
--> _Over 100,000 volumes of the Zigzag books have
already been sold._
[Illustration: CARRYING SIEGFRIED'S BODY.]
PREFACE.
This fifth volume of the Zigzag books, in which history is taught by a
supposed tour of interesting places, might be called a German
story-book.
It was the aim of "ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN EUROPE" and "ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN
CLASSIC LANDS" to make history interesting by stories and pictures of
places. It was the purpose of "ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN THE ORIENT" to
explain the Eastern Question, and of "ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN THE OCCIDENT"
to explain Homesteading in the West.
The purpose of this volume is the same as in "EUROPE" and "CLASSIC
LANDS." A light narrative of travel takes the reader to the places
most conspicuously associated with German history, tradition,
literature, and art, and in a disconnected way gives a view of the
most interesting events of those Northern countries that once
constituted a great part of the empire of Charlemagne.
It is the aim of these books to stimulate a love of history, and to
_suggest_ the best historical reading. To this end popular stories and
pictures are freely used to adapt useful information to the tastes of
the young. But in every page, story, and picture, right education and
right influence are kept in view.
In this volume many German legends and fairy stories have been used,
but they are so introduced and guarded as not to leave a wrong
impression upon the minds of the young and immature.
H. B.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER PAGE
I. THE RIVER OF STORY AND SONG 15
II. GHOST STORIES 21
III. A STORY-TELLING JOURNEY 40
IV. GERMAN STORIES 60
V. THE SECOND MEETING OF THE CLUB 76
VI. NIGHT SECOND 92
VII. EVENING THE THIRD 104
VIII. EVENING THE FOURTH 122
IX. FIFTH MEETING FOR RHINE STORIES 145
X. NIGHT THE SIXTH 165
XI. COLOGNE 184
XII. HAMBURG 206
XIII. THE BELLS OF THE RHINE 221
XIV. THE SONGS OF THE RHINE 253
XV. COPENHAGEN 277
XVI. NORWAY 288
XVII. THE GREATER RHINE 309
ILLUSTRATIONS.
PAGE
Carrying Siegfried's Body _Frontispiece._
Introducing Christianity into the North 16
Castle in Rhine Land 17
Tower of Ruedesheim on the Rhine 19
Mountain Scenery in Southern Germany 23
"I've seen de Debble" 26
Cat and Rat 27
Grandmother Golden 29
The Frightened Irishman 30
Duncan Asleep 34
Witches 35
The Grand-Ducal Castle, Schwerin 41
Ancient German Houses 43
Ancient Religious Rites of the Peasants 45
Old Fortress on the Rhine 50
St. Dunstan and the Devil 53
The Murder of Edward 58
The Emperor William and Napoleon III 63
William before his Father 64
King William's Helmet 65
Jamie at the Strange-looking House 67
Mountain Scene in Germany 69
Jamie rushing towards his Mother 71
The Dwarf and the Goose 72
Eberhard 74
Bridge in the Via Mala 77
John Huss 79
Bismarck 81
Peter in the Forest 86
Peter and the Manikin 88
Peter surpassed the King of Dancers 89
Peter and the Giant 90
A Village in the Black Forest 93
Peasant's House in the Black Forest 95
Von Moltke 97
Fountain at Schaffhausen 99
The Old Woman's Directions 101
The Hen and the Trench 102
Strasburg Cathedral 103
Platform of Strasburg Cathedral 107
Thus didst thou to the Vase of Soissons 109
Street in Strasburg 111
Clovis 113
Monsieur Lacombe and the Organ 115
"Here is an Odd Treasure" 120
Palace at Heidelberg 123
German Student 126
Castle at Heidelberg 127
German Students 131
Entrance to Heidelberg Castle 135
Little Mook 137
Amputation 139
The Queer Old Lady who went to College 140
"And it told to her the Truth" 141
"Not very, very plain" 141
"They you straightway in invite" 141
"He of the Philosophie" 143
A Battle between Franks and Saxons 146
Luther's House 147
A tribe of Germans on an Expedition 149
The Murder of Siegfried 151
Mayence 153
Bishop Hatto and the Rats 155
View on the Rhine 158
The Lorelei 159
Herman's Eyes were fixed on the Rock 163
Ehrenbreitstein 166
Goethe's Promenade 167
Faust Signing 171
Faust and Mephistopheles 172
A Cleft in the Mountains 175
Voltaire 179
The Unnerved Hussar 182
Cathedral of Cologne 185
The Mysterious Architect 189
St. Martin's Church, Cologne 193
Charlemagne in the School of the Palace 197
Charlemagne inflicting Baptism upon the Saxons 201
The Germans on an Expedition 203
Canal in Hamburg 207
The Palace in Berlin 209
Grotto 211
Sans-Souci 213
Peter the Wild Boy 217
The Silent Castles 223
Hotel de Ville, Ghent 225
Bell-Tower, Ghent 228
Castle at Heidelberg 229
Breslau 233
Finishing the Bell 236
At the Inn 237
The Day of Execution 238
Above the Town 241
Old Peasant Costume 244
The Old City 245
Old Peasant Costume 247
Old Peasant Costumes 248
City Gate 249
The Neckar 250
An Old German Town 255
The Rhinefels 257
Mayence in the Olden Time 262
Beethoven's Home at Bonn 268
A City of the Rhine 271
The River of Song 274
The Palace of Rosenborg 278
View of Copenhagen 279
Palace of Fredericksborg 283
The King in the Bag 286
Gustavus Adolphus 289
Death of Gustavus and his Page 293
Cascade in Norway 297
Lazaretto 299
The Naero Fiord 300
Lake in Norway 303
The Coast 307
Niagara Falls 311
A New England in the West 315
Near Quebec 317
ZIGZAG JOURNEYS IN NORTHERN LANDS.
CHAPTER I.
THE RIVER OF STORY AND SONG.
The Rhine! River of what histories, tragedies, comedies, legends,
stories, and songs! Associated with the greatest events of the history
of Germany, France, and Northern Europe; with the Rome of Caesar and
Aurelian; with the Rome of the Popes; with the Reformation; with the
shadowy goblin lore and beautiful fairy tales of the twilight of
Celtic civilization that have been evolved through centuries and have
become the household stories of all enlightened lands!
A journey down the Rhine is like passing through wonderland; wild
stories, quaint stories, legendary and historic stories, are
associated with every rood of ground from the Alps to the ocean. It is
a region of the stories of two thousand years. The Rhine is the river
of the poet; its banks are the battle-fields of heroes; its forests
and villages the fairy lands of old.
When Rome was queen of the world, Caesar carried his eagles over the
Rhine; Titus sent a part of his army which had conquered Jerusalem to
the Rhine; Julian erected a fortress on the Rhine; and Valentinian
began the castle-building that was to go on for a thousand years.
The period of the Goths, Huns, Celts, and Vandals came,--the conquerors
of Rome; and the Rhine was strewn with Roman ruins. Charlemagne cleared
away the ruins, and began anew the castle-building. A Christian soldier
in one of the legions that destroyed Jerusalem and tore down the temple,
first brought the Gospel to the Rhine. His name was Crescaitius. He was
soon followed by missionaries of the Cross. Christianity was established
upon the Rhine soon after it entered Rome.
[Illustration: INTRODUCING CHRISTIANITY INTO THE NORTH.]
The great conquests of modern history are directly or indirectly
associated with the wonderful river; Caesar, who conquered the world,
crossed the Rhine; Attila, who conquered the city of the Caesars;
Clovis, who founded the Christian religion in France; and Charlemagne,
who established the Christian church in Germany. Frederick
Barbarossa and Frederick the Great added lustre to its growing
history, and Napoleon gave a yet deeper coloring to its thrilling
scenes.
[Illustration: CASTLE IN RHINE LAND.]
When the Northern nations shattered the Roman power, people imagined
that the dismantled castles of the Rhine became the abodes of
mysterious beings: spirits of the rocks, forests, fens; strange
maidens of the red marshes; enchanters, demons; the streams were the
abodes of lovely water nymphs; the glens of the woods, of delightful
fairies.
[Illustration: TOWER OF RUeDESHEIM ON THE RHINE.]
Into these regions of shadow, mystery, of heroic history, of moral
conflicts and Christian triumphs, it is always interesting to go. It
is especially interesting to the American traveller, for his form of
Christianity and republican principles came from the Rhine. Progress
to him was cradled on the Rhine, like Moses on the Nile. In the Rhine
lands Luther taught, and Robinson of Leyden lived and prayed; and from
those lands to-day comes the great emigration that is peopling the
golden empire of America in the West. "I would be proud of the Rhine
were I a German," said Longfellow. "I love rivers," said Victor Hugo;
"of all rivers I prefer the Rhine."
It is our purpose in this story-telling volume to relate why the
Zigzag Club was led to make the Rhine the subject of its winter
evening study, and to give an account of an excursion that some of its
members had made from Constance to Rotterdam and into the countries of
the North Sea.
"All hail, thou broad torrent, so golden and green,
Ye castles and churches, ye hamlets serene,
Ye cornfields, that wave in the breeze as it sweeps,
Ye forests and ravines, ye towering steeps,
Ye mountains e'er clad in the sun-illumed vine!
Wherever I go is my heart on the Rhine!
"I greet thee, O life, with a yearning so strong,
In the maze of the dance, o'er the goblet and song.
All hail, beloved race, men so honest and true,
And maids who speak raptures with eyes of bright blue!
May success round your brows e'er its garlands entwine!
Wherever I go is my heart on the Rhine!
"On the Rhine is my heart, where affection holds sway!
On the Rhine is my heart, where encradled I lay,
Where around me friends bloom, where I dreamt away youth,
Where the heart of my love glows with rapture and truth!
May for me your hearts e'er the same jewels enshrine.
Wherever I go is my heart on the Rhine!"
WOLFGANG MUeLLER.