LIS, l[=e]s, _n._ (_her._) same as _Fleur-de-lis_:--_pl._ LISSES.
LISBON, liz'bon, _n._ a light-coloured wine from Estremadura in Portugal.
LISLE THREAD. See THREAD.
LISP, lisp, _v.i._ to speak with the tongue against the upper teeth or
gums, as in pronouncing _th_ for _s_ or _z_: to articulate as a child: to
utter imperfectly.--_v.t._ to pronounce with a lisp.--_n._ the act or habit
of lisping.--_n._ LISP'ER.--_adj._ LISP'ING, pronouncing with a lisp.--_n._
the act of speaking with a lisp.--_adv._ LISP'INGLY. [A.S. _wlispian_ (a
conjectural form)--_wlisp_, stammering; Dut. _lispen_, Ger. _lispeln_; from
the sound.]
LISSE, l[=e]s, _n._ in tapestry, the threads of the warp taken together.
[Fr., also _lice_--L. _licium_.]
LISSENCEPHALOUS, lis-en-sef'a-lus, _adj._ having a brain smooth or slightly
convoluted.
LISSOME, LISSOM, lis'um, _adj._ lithesome, nimble, flexible.--_n._
LISS'OMENESS.
LISSOTRICHOUS, li-sot'ri-kus, _adj._ smooth-haired.
LIST, list, _n._ the selvage on woven textile fabrics: a stripe of any
kind: (_Shak._) a border.--_adj._ made of strips of woollen selvage. [A.S.
_líst_; Ger. _leiste_.]
LIST, list, _n._ a catalogue, roll, or enumeration: a book, &c., containing
a series of names of persons or things.--_v.t._ to place in a list or
catalogue: to engage for the public service, as soldiers.--_v.i._ to enter
the public service by enrolling one's name, to enlist.--ACTIVE LIST, the
roll of soldiers on active service; CIVIL LIST (see CIVIL); FREE LIST (see
FREE). [O. Fr. _liste_--Mid. High Ger. _liste_ (Ger. _leiste_), border;
A.S. _líst_, orig. same word as above.]
LIST, list, _n._ a line enclosing a piece of ground, esp. for combat:
(_pl._) the ground enclosed for a contest.--_v.t._ to enclose for a
tournament.--ENTER THE LISTS, to engage in contest. [O. Fr. _lisse_ (Fr.
_lice_, It. _lizza_)--Low L. _liciæ_, barrier, perh. from L. _licium_, a
thrum.]
LIST, list, _v.i._ to have pleasure in: to desire: to like or please: to
choose: (_naut._) to incline or heel over to one side.--_v.t._ to cause to
careen or heel over.--_n._ such an inclination. [A.S. _lystan_, impers.,
please--_lust_, pleasure.]
LIST, list, _v.t._ and _v.i._ original form of listen: now
poetical.--_v.t._ LISTEN (lis'n), to hear or attend to.--_v.i._ to give ear
or hearken: to follow advice.--_n._ LIST'ENER, one who listens or
hearkens.--_adjs._ LIST'FUL, attentive; LIST'LESS, having no desire or
wish: careless: uninterested: weary: indolent.--_adv._ LIST'LESSLY.--_n._
LIST'LESSNESS. [A.S. _hlystan_--_hlyst_, hearing; Ice. _hlusta_.]
LISTEL, lis'tel, _n._ (_archit._) a narrow fillet.
LISTER, lis't[.e]r, _n._ a form of plough for throwing up ridges.--_n._
LIST'ING.
LISTERISM, lis't[.e]r-izm, _n._ an antiseptic method of operating
introduced by the English surgeon, Lord _Lister_, born 1827.--_v.t._
LIS'TERISE, to treat by Listerism.
LIT, _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ of light, lighten, light, to alight.
LITANY, lit'a-ni, _n._ a prayer of supplication, esp. in processions: an
appointed form of responsive prayer in public worship in which the same
thing is repeated several times at no long intervals.--_ns._ LIT'ANY-DESK,
-STOOL, in the English Church, a movable desk at which a minister kneels,
facing the altar, while he recites the litany.--LESSER LITANY, the common
formula, 'Kyrie eleison, Christe eleison, Kyrie eleison.' [O. Fr.,--Low L.
_litania_--Gr. _litaneia_--_litesthai_, to pray.]
LITERAL, lit'[.e]r-al, _adj._ according to the letter: plain: not
figurative or metaphorical: following the letter or exact meaning, word for
word.--_v.t._ LIT'ERALISE.--_ns._ LIT'ERALISER; LIT'ERALISM, strict
adherence to the letter: interpretation that is merely verbal: (_art_)
exact and unimaginative rendering of objects; LIT'ERALIST;
LITERAL'ITY.--_adv._ LIT'ERALLY.--_n._ LIT'ERALNESS. [Fr.,--L.
_literalis_--_litera_, a letter.]
LITERARY, lit'[.e]r-ar-i, _adj._ belonging to letters or learning: skilled
in learning.--_n._ LIT'ERACY, state of being literate:--opp. to
_Illiteracy_.--_adj._ LIT'ER[=A]TE, acquainted with letters of learning:
learned.--_n._ one educated, but not having taken a university degree, esp.
a candidate for holy orders who has not been at a university.--_n.pl._
LITER[=A]'T[=I], men of letters, the learned (sing. forms, LITER[=A]'TUS,
LITERÄ'TO).--_adv._ LITER[=A]'TIM, letter for letter: without the change of
a letter.--_n._ LITER[=A]'TOR, a dabbler in learning: a man of letters, a
literary man--sometimes in the French form _Littérateur_.--_adj._
LIT'EROSE, distinctively literary.--_n._ LITEROS'ITY. [L. _literarius_.]
LITERATURE, lit'[.e]r-a-t[=u]r, _n._ the science of letters or what is
written: the whole body of literary compositions in any language, or on a
given subject: all literary productions except those relating to positive
science and art, usually confined, however, to the belles-lettres.--_adj._
LIT'ERATURED (_Shak._), learned, having literary knowledge.--LIGHT
LITERATURE, books which can be read and understood without mental exertion:
fiction; POLITE LITERATURE, belles-lettres. [Fr.,--L.
_literatura_--_litera_, a letter.]
LITH, lith, _n._ (_prov._) a joint, segment, or portion of anything. [A.S.
_lið_, a member; Ger. _glied_.]
LITHAGOGUE, lith'a-gog, _adj._ expelling stone from the bladder or
kidneys.--_n._ a medicine with this quality.
LITHANTHRAX, li-than'thraks, _n._ stone-coal, mineral coal.
LITHARGE, lith'ärj, _n._ the semi-vitrified oxide of lead separated from
silver in refining. [Fr.,--Gr. _lithargyros_--_lithos_, a stone, _argyros_,
silver.]
LITHE, l[=i]th, _adj._ easily bent, flexible, active.--_adv._
LITHE'LY.--_n._ LITHE'NESS.--_adj._ LITHE'SOME.--_n._ LITHE'SOMENESS. [A.S.
_líðe_; Ger. _lind_ and _gelinde_.]
LITHE, l[=i]th, _v.i._ (_obs._) to listen. [Ice. _hlydha_, to
listen--_hljódh_, hearing.]
LITHEMIA, LITHÆMIA, li-th[=e]'mi-a, _n._ an excess of uric acid in the
blood.--_adj._ LITH[=E]'MIC.
LITHER, l[=i]th'[.e]r, _adj._ (_Shak._) soft, yielding: (_obs._) bad,
lazy.--_adj._ LITH'ERLY, mischievous.--_adv._ slowly: lazily. [A.S.
_lýthre_, bad.]
LITHIA, lith'i-a, _n._ an alkali, the oxide of lithium, discovered in 1817
by Arfvedson: a mineral water good against the stone. [Low L.,--Gr.
_lithos_, stone.]
LITHIASIS, li-th[=i]'a-sis, _n._ a bodily condition in which uric acid is
deposited as stone or gravel in the urinary canals. [Gr. _lithos_, a
stone.]
LITHIC, lith'ik, _adj._ pertaining to, or obtained from, stone, specially
from urinary calculi.--_ns._ LITH'ATE, a salt of lithic acid;
LITHIFIC[=A]'TION, a hardening into stone. [Gr. _lithikos_--_lithos_, a
stone.]
LITHIUM, lith'i-um, _n._ one of the alkaline metals, of a silvery
appearance, found in several minerals combined with silica.--_adj._
LITH'IC. [Gr. _lithos_, a stone.]
LITHOCARP, lith'o-karp, _n._ a fossil fruit.
LITHOCHROMATIC, lith-o-kr[=o]-mat'ik, _adj._ pertaining to painting in oils
on stone.--_n.pl._ LITHOCHROMAT'ICS, this art. [Gr. _lithos_, stone,
_chr[=o]ma_, colour.]
LITHOCLAST, lith'o-klast, _n._ an instrument for crushing bladder-stones.
[Gr. _lithos_, stone, _kl[=a]n_, to crush.]
LITHODOME, lith'[=o]-d[=o]m, _n._ a shellfish living in a hole in a
rock.--_adj._ LITHOD'OMOUS.
LITHOFRACTEUR, lith-[=o]-frak't[.e]r, _n._ a blasting explosive.
LITHOGENOUS, li-thoj'e-nus, _adj._ stone-producing.--_n._ LITHOGEN'ESY, the
science of the origin of minerals.
LITHOGLYPH, lith'o-glif, _n._ any engraving on stone, esp. a precious
stone.--_adj._ LITHOGLYPH'IC.--_ns._ LITH'OGLYPHICS, LITHOGLYPT'ICS, the
art of engraving on precious stones; LITHOG'LYPHITE, a fossil as if
engraved by art. [Gr. _lithos_, stone, _glyphein_, to carve.]
LITHOGRAPH, lith'o-graf, _v.t._ to write or engrave on stone and transfer
to paper by printing.--_n._ a print from stone.--_n._
LITHOG'RAPHER.--_adjs._ LITHOGRAPH'IC, -AL, belonging to
lithography.--_adv._ LITHOGRAPH'ICALLY.--_n._ LITHOG'RAPHY, the art of
writing or engraving on stone and printing therefrom.--LITHOGRAPHIC STONE,
SLATE, a yellowish, compact, fine-grained, slaty limestone used in
lithography. [Gr. _lithos_, a stone, _graphein_, to write.]
LITHOID, -AL, lith'oid, -al, _adj._ resembling a stone.
LITHOLABE, lith'[=o]-l[=a]b, _n._ an instrument for grasping a calculus and
holding it while being crushed.
LITHOLATRY, li-thol'a-tri, _n._ the worship of stones.--_adj._
LITHOL'ATROUS.
LITHOLOGY, lith-ol'o-ji, _n._ the science that treats of rocks as mineral
masses: that part of medical science concerned with the calculi found in
the human body.--_adjs._ LITHOLOG'IC, -AL.--_n._ LITHOL'OGIST, one skilled
in lithology. [Gr. _lithos_, a stone, _logos_, discourse.]
LITHOLOPAXY, lith'ol-o-pak-si, _n._ the operation of crushing stone in the
bladder, and of at once removing the fragments by suction. [Gr. _lithos_,
stone, _hapax_, once only.]
LITHOMANCY, lith'o-man-si, _n._ divination by stones. [Gr. _lithos_, a
stone, _manteia_, divination.]
LITHOMARGE, lith'o-märj, _n._ a clay-like mineral substance, sometimes
called _Mountain marrow_, soft, greasy to the touch, white, yellow, or red.
[Gr. _lithos_, stone, L. _marga_, marl.]
LITHOPHAGOUS, lith-of'a-gus, _adj._ eating stones: perforating stones, as
certain molluscs. [Gr. _lithos_, stone, _phagein_, to eat.]
LITHOPHANE, lith'o-f[=a]n, _n._ ornamental porcelain with pictures which
show through the transparency. [Gr. _lithos_, stone, _phainesthai_, to
appear.]
LITHOPHOTOGRAPHY, lith-o-fo-tog'ra-fi, _n._ the art of printing from
lithographic stones photographic pictures developed upon them.
LITHOPHYL, lith'[=o]-f[=i]l, _n._ a fossil leaf.
LITHOPHYTE, lith'o-f[=i]t, _n._ any one of the polyps whose substance is
stony or hard, as corals. [Gr. _lithos_, stone, _phyton_, plant.]
LITHOTINT, lith'o-tint, _n._ the process of producing coloured pictures
from lithographic stones: a picture so produced. [Gr. _lithos_, stone, and
_tint_.]
LITHOTOMY, lith-ot'o-mi, _n._ cutting for stone in the bladder.--_n._
LITH'OTOME, a mineral resembling a cut gem: a cystotome.--_adjs._
LITHOTOM'IC, -AL, pertaining to, or performed by, lithotomy.--_n._
LITHOT'OMIST, one who practises lithotomy. [Gr. _lithos_, a stone,
_tom[=e]_, a cutting--_temnein_, to cut.]
LITHOTRITY, lith'[=o]-tr[=i]-ti, _n._ the operation of crushing a stone in
the bladder, so that its fragments may be removed through the urethra--also
LITH'OTRIPSY.--_ns._ LITHOTHRYP'TIST, LITH'OTHRYPTOR, LITHOTRIP'TIST,
LITH'OTRIPTOR, LITH'OTRITIST, one who practises lithotrity; LITH'OTHRYPTY;
LITH'OTRITE, LITH'OTRITOR, an apparatus for crushing a stone in the
bladder.--_adjs._ LITHOTRIT'IC, LITHOTRIP'TIC--also LITHOTHRYP'TIC. [Gr.
_lithos_, stone, _tribein_, to rub.]
LITHOTYPY, lith'[=o]-t[=i]-pi, _n._ the process of making a kind of
stereotype plates by filling a mould with a composition which, when cooled,
becomes hard.--_n._ LITH'OTYPE, a stereotype plate, produced by
lithotypy.--_v.t._ to prepare for printing by lithotypy. [Gr. _lithos_,
stone, _typos_, type.]
LITIGATE, lit'i-g[=a]t, _v.t._ to contest in law.--_v.i._ to carry on a
lawsuit.--_adjs._ LIT'IGABLE, that may be contested in law; LIT'IGANT,
contending at law: engaged in a lawsuit.--_n._ a person engaged in a
lawsuit.--_ns._ LITIG[=A]'TION; LIT'IG[=A]TOR, one who litigates;
LITIGIOS'ITY, LITIG'IOUSNESS.--_adj._ LITIG'IOUS, inclined to engage in
lawsuits: subject to contention.--_adv._ LITIG'IOUSLY. [L. _litig[=a]re_,
_-[=a]tum_--_lis_, _litis_, a strife, _ag[)e]re_, to do.]
LITMUS, lit'mus, _n._ a dye obtained from certain lichens, originally red,
but becoming blue on the addition of alkalies or of lime.--LITMUS PAPER,
paper used in chemical testing, tinged blue by litmus, reddened by an acid,
made blue again by an alkali. [For _lakmose_--Dut. _lakmoes_--_lak_, lac,
_moes_, pulp.]
LITOTES, lit'[=o]-t[=e]z, _n._ (_rhet._) an affirmation made indirectly by
the negation of its contrary, as 'a citizen of no mean city'='of an
illustrious city.' [Gr. _litot[=e]s_, simplicity--_litos_, plain.]
LITRAMETER, lit-ram'e-t[.e]r, _n._ an instrument for measuring the specific
gravity of liquids by the height to which they rise in vertical tubes under
a definite air-pressure. [Gr. _litra_, a pound, _metron_, measure.]
LITRE, l[=e]'t[.e]r, _n._ (_her._) a hatchment consisting of a black belt,
charged with the arms of the deceased. [Fr.; prob. orig. _listre_=_liste_,
border.]
LITRE, l[=e]'tr, _n._ the unit of the French measures of capacity, both dry
and liquid. It is the volume of a cubic decimètre, and contains a
kilogramme of water at 4° C. in a vacuum, equal to .2200967 British
imperial gallon, therefore less than a quart--4½ litres being roughly equal
to a gallon.
LITTER, lit'[.e]r, _n._ a heap of straw, &c., for animals to lie upon:
materials for a bed: any scattered collection of objects, esp. of little
value: a vehicle containing a bed for carrying about, a hospital stretcher:
a brood of small quadrupeds.--_v.t._ to cover or supply with litter: to
scatter carelessly about: to give birth to (said of small animals).--_v.i._
to produce a litter or brood.--_p.adj._ LITT'ERED. [O. Fr. _litiere_--Low
L. _lectaria_--L. _lectus_, a bed.]