LICK, lik, _v.t._ to pass the tongue over: to take in by the tongue: to
lap: to beat by repeated blows: (_coll._) to triumph over, overcome.--_n._
a passing the tongue over: a slight smear: (_Scot._) a tiny amount: a blow:
(_coll._) an attempt, trial: (_pl._, _Scot._) a thrashing.--_ns._ LICK'ER;
LICK'ING, a thrashing; LICK'PENNY (_Scot._), a miserly person;
LICK'-PLAT'TER, LICK'-TRENCH'ER, LICK'SPITTLE, a mean, servile
dependent.--LICK INTO SHAPE, to give form and method to--from the notion
that the she-bear gives form to her shapeless young by licking them; LICK
THE DUST, to be slain: to be abjectly servile. [A.S. _liccian_; Ger.
_lecken_, L. _ling[)e]re_, Gr. _leichein_.]
LICKERISH, lik'[.e]r-ish, _adj._ dainty: eager to taste or enjoy:
tempting.--_adv._ LICK'ERISHLY.--_n._ LICK'ERISHNESS. [Formerly also
_liquorish_; a corr. of obsolete _lickerous_, lecherous.]
LICORICE. Same as LIQUORICE.
LICTOR, lik'tor, _n._ an officer who attended the Roman magistrates,
bearing an axe and bundle of rods. [L.]
LID, lid, _n._ a cover: that which shuts a vessel: the cover of the
eye.--_adjs._ LID'DED, having a lid or lids; LID'LESS, without lid or lids.
[A.S. _hlid_ (Dut. _lid_)--_hlídan_, to cover.]
LIE, l[=i], _n._ anything meant to deceive: an intentional violation of
truth: anything that misleads.--_v.i._ to utter falsehood with an intention
to deceive: to make a false representation:--_pr.p._ ly'ing; _pa.t._ and
_pa.p._ lied.--LIE IN ONE'S THROAT, to lie shamelessly; LIE OUT OF WHOLE
CLOTH, to lie without any foundation whatever; GIVE THE LIE TO, to charge
with falsehood; WHITE LIE, a conventional phrase not strictly true: a
well-meant falsehood. [A.S. _leógan_ (_lyge_, a falsehood), prov. Eng.
_lig_; Dut. _liegen_, Goth. _liugan_, Ger. _lügen_, to lie.]
LIE, l[=i], _v.i._ to rest in a reclining posture: to lean: to press upon:
to be situated: to abide: to consist: (_law_) to be sustainable: (_Shak._)
to be imprisoned: to lodge, pass the night:--_pr.p._ ly'ing; _pa.t._ lay;
_pa.p._ lain, (_B._) l[=i]'en.--_n._ manner of lying: relative position: an
animal's lair: (_golf_) position of the ball for striking.--_ns._ L[=I]'ER,
LIE'-ABED', one who lies late--also _adj._--LIE ALONG, to be extended at
full length; LIE AT ONE'S DOOR, to be directly imputable to one; LIE AT
ONE'S HEART, to be an object of interest or affection to one; LIE BY, to
take rest from labour: (_Shak._) to be under the charge of; LIE HARD OR
HEAVY ON, UPON, (_Shak._) to, to oppress, burden; LIE IN, to be in
childbed; LIE IN ONE, to be in one's power; LIE IN THE WAY, to be ready, at
hand: to be an obstacle; LIE IN WAIT, to lie in ambush; LIE LOW, to conceal
one's actions or intentions; LIE ON, UPON, to be incumbent on; LIE ON THE
HANDS, to remain unused or unoccupied; LIE OVER, to be deferred to a future
occasion; LIE TO, to be checked in sailing; LIE UNDER, to be subject to or
oppressed by; LIE UP, to abstain from work; LIE WITH, to lodge or sleep
with: to have carnal knowledge of; LYING-IN HOSPITAL, a hospital for those
about to become mothers. [A.S. _licgan_; Ger. _liegen_; Goth. _ligan_.]
LIEBIG, l[=e]'big, _n._ a nutritious extract of beef first prepared by the
great German chemist, Baron von _Liebig_ (1803-1873).
LIED, l[=e]t, _n._ a German ballad, secular or sacred, fitted for singing
and often set to music. [Ger.; cf. A.S. _leóth_, a song.]
LIEF, l[=e]f, _adj._ (_arch._) loved, dear.--_adv._ willingly--now chiefly
used in the phrases, 'I had as lief,' 'to have liefer.' [A.S. _leóf_; Ger.
_lieb_, loved.]
LIEGE, l[=e]j, _adj._ free, except as within the relations of vassal and
feudal lord: under a feudal tenure.--_n._ one under a feudal tenure: a
vassal: a lord or superior, or one who has lieges.--_n._ LIEGE'DOM,
allegiance.--_adj._ LIEGE'LESS, not subject to a superior.--_n._ LIEGE'MAN,
a vassal: a subject. [O. Fr. _lige_, prob. from Old High Ger. _ledic_, free
(Ger. _ledig_, free, unfettered), _l[=i]dan_, to depart.]
LIEN, l[=i]'en, or l[=e]'en, _n._ (_law_) a right in one to retain the
property of another to pay a claim. [Fr., tie, band--L.
_ligamen_--_lig[=a]re_, to bind.]
LIEN, l[=i]'en (_B._), _pa.p._ of _lie_, to lie down.
LIENTERY, l[=i]'en-ter-i, _n._ a form of diarrhoea, with frequent liquid
evacuations in which the food is discharged undigested.--_adj._ LIENTER'IC.
[Gr. _leios_, smooth, _enteron_, an intestine.]
LIERNE, li-ern', _n._ (_archit._) a cross-rib or branch-rib in vaulting.
[Fr.]
LIEU, l[=u], _n._ place, stead, chiefly in the phrase 'in lieu of.'
[Fr.,--L. _locus_, place.]
LIEUTENANT, lef-ten'ant, _n._ one representing or performing the work of
another: an officer holding the place of another in his absence: a
commissioned officer in the army next below a captain, or in the navy next
below a commander and ranking with captain in the army: one holding a place
next in rank to a superior, as in the compounds LIEUTEN'ANT-COL'ONEL,
LIEUTEN'ANT-GEN'ERAL.--_ns._ LIEUTEN'ANCY, LIEUTEN'ANTSHIP, office or
commission of a lieutenant: the body of lieutenants; LIEUTEN'ANT-GOV'ERNOR,
in India, the name of the chief official in the provinces of Bengal, Behar,
and Orissa, the North-western Provinces, and Oudh, Punjab, and Delhi;
LIEUTEN'ANT-GOV'ERNORSHIP; LIEUTEN'ANTRY (_Shak._), lieutenancy;
LORD'-LIEUTEN'ANT, the title of the viceroy of Ireland: in the British
Isles, a permanent governor of a county appointed by the sovereign, usually
a peer or other large land-owner, at the head of the magistracy and the
chief executive authority; SUB'-LIEUTEN'ANT, formerly mate or passed
midshipman, now the intermediate rank in the navy between midshipman and
lieutenant.--FIELD-MARSHAL LIEUTENANT (see FIELD-MARSHAL). [Fr.; cf. _Lieu_
and _Tenant_.]
[Illustration]
LIFE, l[=i]f, _n._ state of living: animate existence: union of soul and
body: the period between birth and death: present state of existence:
manner of living: moral conduct: animation: a living being: system of
animal nature: social state: human affairs: narrative of a life: eternal
happiness, also He who bestows it: a quickening principle in a moral sense:
the living form and expression, living semblance: (_cricket_) an escape, as
by a missed or dropped catch:--_pl._ LIVES (l[=i]vz).--_interj._ used as an
oath, abbreviated from God's life.--_adj._ LIFE'-AND-DEATH', critical:
desperate.--_ns._ LIFE'-ANN[=U]'ITY, a sum paid to a person yearly during
life; LIFE'-ASSUR'ANCE, LIFE'-INSUR'ANCE (see INSURANCE); LIFE'-BELT, a
belt either inflated with air, or with cork attached, for sustaining a
person in the water; LIFE'-BLOOD, the blood of an animal in the body: that
which gives strength or life; LIFE'BOAT, a boat for saving shipwrecked
persons, having air-chambers or the like, by which it is rendered specially
buoyant and sometimes self-righting; LIFE'-BUOY, a buoy intended to support
a person in the water till he can be rescued; LIFE'-ESTATE', an estate held
during the life of the possessor.--_adjs._ LIFE'FUL (_Spens._), full of
vital energy; LIFE'-GIV'ING, imparting life: invigorating.--_ns._
LIFE'-GUARD, a guard of the life or person: a guard of a prince or other
dignitary; LIFE'-HIS'TORY, LIFE'-CY'CLE, the series of vital phenomena
exhibited by an organism in its passage from the ovum to full development;
LIFE'HOLD, land held by lease for life; LIFE'-IN'TEREST, an interest
lasting during one's life.--_adj._ LIFE'LESS, dead: without vigour:
insipid: sluggish.--_adv._ LIFE'LESSLY.--_n._ LIFE'LESSNESS.--_adj._
LIFE'-LIKE, like a living person.--_n._ LIFE'-LINE, a rope stretched
anywhere on board a vessel for support of the sailors in difficult
operations or during wild weather: a line attached to a life-buoy or
lifeboat for an immersed person to seize hold of.--_adj._ LIFE'LONG, during
the length of a life.--_ns._ LIFE'-MOR'TAR, a mortar for throwing a shot of
some kind to carry a rope from the shore to a ship in distress; LIFE'-PEER,
a peer whose title is not hereditary; LIFE'-PEER'AGE; LIFE'-PRESERV'ER, an
invention, as a buoyant belt or jacket, for the preservation of life in
cases of shipwreck: a cane with a loaded head; LIFE'-RAFT, a raft-like
structure for use in case of shipwreck; LIFE'-RATE, rate of payment on a
policy of life-insurance.--_adj._ LIFE'-REN'DERING (_Shak._), yielding up
life.--_ns._ LIFE'RENT, a rent that continues for life; LIFE'RENTER, one
who enjoys a liferent:--_fem._ LIFE'RENTRIX; LIFE'-ROCK'ET, a rocket for
carrying a line from the shore to a ship in distress.--_adjs._
LIFE'-SAV'ING, designed to save life, esp. from drowning.--_n._
LIFE'-SCHOOL, a school where artists work from living models.--_adjs._
LIFE'-SIZE, similar in size to the object represented; LIFE'SOME, full of
life: gay, lively.--_ns._ LIFE'-T[=A]'BLE, a table of statistics as to the
probability of life at different ages; LIFE'-TEN'ANT, the owner of a
life-estate: one who holds lands, &c., for the term of his own or another's
life; LIFE'-TIME, continuation or duration of life.--_adj._ LIFE'-WEA'RY
(_Shak._), weary of life: wretched.--_n._ LIFE'-WORK, the work to which
one's life is or is to be devoted.--LIFE-SAVING APPARATUS, all materials,
appliances, &c. available for preserving life in cases of shipwreck or
fire.--BRING TO LIFE, to restore to life one apparently dead; COME TO LIFE,
to be reanimated; FOR LIFE, for the whole period of one's existence: so as
to save life: very fast or strenuously; HIGH LIFE, the manner of living of
those in high or fashionable society: the upper classes of society; LINE OF
LIFE (see LINE); TO THE LIFE, very closely resembling the original: exactly
drawn. [A.S. _líf_; Ice. _líf_, Sw. _lif_, Dut. _lijf_, body, life; Ger.
_leben_, to live.]
LIFT, lift, _n._ (_Scot._) the air, heavens, sky. [A.S. _lyft_; Ger.
_luft_, Ice. _lopt_, Goth. _luftus_, the air.]
LIFT, lift, _v.t._ to bring to a higher position: to elevate or keep
elevated: to elate: to take and carry away: (_obs._) to bear, support:
(_slang_) to arrest: to steal.--_v.i._ to rise: to try to rise.--_n._ act
of lifting: that which is to be raised: that which assists to lift: a
hoisting-machine: advancement.--_adj._ LIFT'ABLE.--_ns._ LIFT'ER, one who,
or that which, lifts: (_Shak._) a thief; LIFT'ING-BRIDGE, a drawbridge
raised so as to allow ships to pass; LIFT'-PUMP, any pump which is not a
force-pump.--LIFT THE HAND, to raise it in hostility; LIFT UP THE EYES, to
look, direct one's eyes, or thoughts, to; LIFT UP THE FACE, to look upward,
as in supplication; LIFT UP THE HAND, to make oath, swear: to pray; LIFT UP
THE HEAD, to rejoice, exult; LIFT UP THE VOICE, to cry loudly.--DEAD LIFT
(see DEAD). [Ice. _lypta_--_lopt_, the air.]