JAROOL, ja-r[=oo]l', _n._ the Indian bloodwood.
JARRAH, jar'a, _n._ the mahogany gum-tree of Australia.
JARVEY, jär'vi, _n._ (_slang_) a hackney-coach driver.
JASEY, j[=a]'zi, _n._ a kind of wig, originally made of worsted. [Corr. of
_Jersey_.]
JASHER, jäsh'[.e]r, _n._ one of the lost books of the ancient Hebrews,
quoted twice (Josh. x. 13; 2 Sam. i. 18), most probably a collection of
heroic ballads.
JASMINE, jas'min, JESSAMINE, jes'a-min, _n._ a genus of plants, many
species of which have very fragrant flowers. [Fr. _jasmin_--Ar.,--Pers.
_y[=a]sm[=i]n_.]
JASPER, jas'p[.e]r, _n._ a precious stone, being a hard siliceous mineral
of various colours.--_adjs_. JAS'PÉ, having the surface ornamented with
veins; JAS'PERATED, mixed with jasper; JAS'PERY, like jasper; JASPID'EAN,
JASPID'EOUS, JAS'POID. [Fr. _jaspe_--L. and Gr. _iaspis_--Ar. _yasb_.]
JATAKA, jä'ta-kä, _n._ a nativity, the birth-story of Buddha.
[Sans.,--_j[=a]ta_, born.]
JAUNCE, jäns, _v.i._ (_Shak._) to jolt or shake: to ride hard.--_n._ a
jaunt. [O. Fr. _jancer_, to stir.]
JAUNDER, jän'der, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to talk idly.--_n._ gossip.
JAUNDICE, jän'dis, _n._ a disease, characterised by a yellowness of the
eyes, skin, &c., caused by bile.--_adj._ JAUN'DICED, affected with
jaundice: prejudiced. [Fr. _jaunisse_, from _jaune_, yellow--L. _galbinus_,
yellowish, _galbus_, yellow.]
JAUNT, jänt, _v.i._ to go from place to place: to make an excursion.--_n._
an excursion: a ramble.--_adj._ JAUNT'ING, strolling: making an
excursion.--_n._ JAUNT'ING-CAR, a low-set, two-wheeled, open vehicle used
in Ireland, with side-seats back to back. [O. Fr. _jancer_, to stir (a
horse); but more prob. Scand.]
JAUNTY, JANTY, jänt'i, _adj._ airy: showy: finical.--_adv._
JAUNT'ILY.--_n._ JAUNT'INESS. [Fr. _gentil_.]
JAUP, jäp, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to spatter.--_v.i._ to make a sound like water
shaken in a vessel.--_n._ water or mud splashed up.
JAVEL, jav'el, _n._ (_Spens._) a worthless fellow.
JAVELIN, jav'lin, _n._ a spear meant to be hurled, anciently used by both
infantry and cavalry. [O. Fr. _javelin_; prob. Celt.]
JAW, jaw, _n._ the bones of the mouth in which the teeth are set: the
mouth: anything like a jaw: (_slang_) talkativeness, scolding.--_v.i._
(_slang_) to scold.--_ns._ JAW'BONE, the bone of the jaw, in which the
teeth are set; JAW'-BREAK'ER (_slang_), a word hard to pronounce.--_adj._
JAWED, having jaws: denoting the appearance of the jaws, as
_lantern-jawed_.--_n._ JAW'FALL, a falling of the jaw: (_fig._) depression
of spirits.--_adj._ JAW'-FALL'EN, depressed in spirits: dejected.--_ns._
JAW'-FOOT, a foot-jaw, maxilliped; JAW'-L[=E]'VER, an instrument for
opening the mouth of a horse or cow to admit medicine; JAW'-TOOTH, one of
the double teeth, a grinder or molar.--BREAK-JAW WORD, a very long word, or
one hard to pronounce; HOLD ONE'S JAW, to cease from talking or scolding.
[Old spelling _chaw_, akin to _chew_.]
JAW, jaw, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to pour out, throw out: splash.--_ns._ JAW'-BOX,
JAW'-HOLE, a sink.
JAY, j[=a], _n._ a bird of the crow family with gay plumage: a wanton
woman: an indifferent actor, a stupid chattering fellow. [O. Fr. _jay_
(mod. Fr. _geai_); from root of _gay_.]
JAZERANT. See JESSERANT.
JEALOUS, jel'us, _adj._ suspicious of or incensed at rivalry: anxious to
defend the honour of.--_adv._ JEAL'OUSLY.--_ns._ JEAL'OUSY, JEAL'OUSHOOD
(_Shak._), JEAL'OUSNESS. [O. Fr. _jalous_ (mod. Fr. _jaloux_)--L.
_zelus_--Gr. _z[=e]los_, emulation.]
JEAMES, j[=e]mz, _n._ a flunkey. [From Thackeray's '_Jeames_ de la
Pluche.']
JEAN, j[=a]n, _n._ a twilled cotton cloth.--_n._ JEANETTE', coarse jean,
for lining.--SATIN JEAN, a smooth, glossy, hard-twilled cotton goods.
[_Jane_.]
JEBUSITE, jeb'[=u]-z[=i]t, _n._ one of a Canaanitish race who long defied
the Israelites from their stronghold on Mount Zion.--_adj._ JEBUSIT'IC.
JEDDART, jed'dart, _n._ an old name for _Jedburgh_.--JEDDART AXE, a stout
steel-headed pole, four feet long; JEDDART, or JEDWOOD, JUSTICE, hanging
first and trying afterwards.
JEDGE, jej, _n._ (_Scot._) a gauge or standard.
JEER, j[=e]r, _v.t._ to make sport of: to treat with derision.--_v.i._ to
scoff: to deride: to make a mock of.--_n._ a railing remark: biting jest:
mockery.--_n._ JEER'ER, a scoffer or mocker.--_adv._ JEER'INGLY. [Acc. to
Skeat, from the Dut. phrase _den gek scheeren_, lit. 'to shear the fool,'
to mock, the words _gek scheeren_ (now _scheren_) being corr. into _jeer_.]
JEFF, jef, _v.i._ to gamble with printers' quadrats thrown like dice.
JEFF, jef, _n._ a rope, in circus slang.
JEFFERSONITE, jef'er-son-[=i]t, _n._ a greenish-black variety of pyroxene.
[Thomas _Jefferson_, 1743-1826.]
JEHOIADA-BOX, j[=e]-hoi'a-da-boks, _n._ a child's savings-bank--from 2
Chron. xxiv. 6-11.
JEHOVAH, je-h[=o]'va, _n._ the eternal or self-existent Being, the chief
Hebrew name of the Deity.--_n._ JEH[=O]'VIST, one who holds that the
vowel-points annexed to the word _Jehovah_ in Hebrew are the proper vowels
of the word, some maintaining that they are those of the word _Adonai_ or
of _Elohim_: the supposed writer of the passages in the Pentateuch, in
which the name applied to God is Jehovah.--_adj._ JEHOVIST'IC. [Heb.
_Yah[=o]w[=a]h_, hardly from _h[=a]w[=a]h_, to be.]
JEHU, j[=e]'h[=u], _n._ (_coll._) a driver, esp. a furious whip. [A
reference to 2 Kings, ix. 20.]
JEJUNE, je-j[=oo]n', _adj._ empty: void of interest: barren.--_adv._
JEJUNE'LY.--_ns._ JEJUNE'NESS; JEJU'NUM, the second division of the small
intestine between the duodenum and the ileum. [L. _jejunus_, hungry.]
JELLY, jel'i, _n._ anything gelatinous: the juice of fruit boiled with
sugar.--_v.i._ JELL, to jelly.--_adj._ JELL'IED, in the state of
jelly.--_v.t._ JELL'IFY, to make into a jelly.--_v.i._ to become
gelatinous.--_ns._ JELL'Y-BAG, a bag through which jelly is strained;
JELL'Y-FISH, marine radiate animals like jelly. [Fr. _gelée_, from
_geler_--L. _gel[=a]re_, to freeze.]
JELLYBY, jel'i-bi, _n._ a philanthropist who cares only for distant
people--from Mrs _Jellyby_ in _Bleak House_, who busies herself about
Borrioboola Gha, while her own household is going to ruin.
JEMIDAR, jem'i-där, _n._ a native officer in the Indian army of the rank of
lieutenant: an officer of police, customs, &c.--Also JAM'ADAR. [Hind.]
JEMMY, jem'i, _n._ a burglar's short crowbar: (_slang_) a baked sheep's
head: a greatcoat.
JEMMY, jem'i, _adj._ neat, smart, handy--also GEMM'Y.--_n._ JEMM'INESS,
neatness.
JENKINS, jengk'ins, _n._ (_coll._) a society reporter, toady.
JENNET, jen'et, _n._ a small Spanish horse.--Also GENN'ET, GEN'ET. [O. Fr.
_genette_--Sp. _ginete_; Moorish.]
JENNETING, jen'et-ing, _n._ a kind of early apple. [Prob. apple of St
_Jean_ or John; not from _June-eating_.]
JENNY, jen'i, _n._ a female bird, a wren--usually JENN'Y-WREN: a female
ass: a spinning-jenny. [From the name _Jenny_; prob. the last sense from
_gin_.]
JEOFAIL, jef'[=a]l, _n._ an error in pleadings, or the acknowledgment of a
mistake. [O. Fr. _je faille_, I fail.]
JEOPARDY, jep'ard-i, _n._ hazard, danger.--_vs.t._ JEOP'ARD, JEOP'ARDISE,
to put in jeopardy.--_n._ JEOP'ARDER.--_adj._ JEOP'ARDOUS, exposed to
danger or loss.--_adv._ JEOP'ARDOUSLY. [Fr. _jeu parti_, a divided
game--Low L. _jocus partitus_--L. _jocus_, a game, _partitus_,
divided--_part[=i]ri_, to divide.]
JERBOA, j[.e]r-b[=o]'a, _n._ a genus of small rodent quadrupeds, remarkable
for the length of their hind-legs and their power of jumping. [Ar.
_yarb[=u]`_.]
JEREED, je-r[=e]d', _n._ a kind of blunt javelin used by the Turks in
mock-fights. [Ar. _jar[=i]d_.]
JEREMIAD, jer-e-m[=i]'ad, _n._ a lamentation: a tale of grief: a doleful
story. [From _Jeremiah_ the prophet, author of the book of Lamentations.]
JERFALCON. Same as GYRFALCON.
JERICHO, jer'i-k[=o], _n._ a remote place, to which one is humorously
consigned--from _Jericho_ in Palestine and the story in 2 Sam. x. 4, 5.
JERK, j[.e]rk, _v.t._ to throw with a quick effort: to give a sudden
movement.--_n._ a short, sudden movement: a striking against with a sudden
motion: an involuntary spasmodic contraction of a muscle.--_ns._ JERK'ER;
JERK'INESS.--_adj._ JERK'Y, moving or coming by jerks or starts, spasmodic;
capricious, impatient. [A variant of _jert_ and _gird_, and conn. with
_yard_, a rod.]
JERK, j[.e]rk, _v.t._ to search, as a vessel for concealed or smuggled
goods--also JERQUE.--_ns._ JERK'ER, JERQU'ER; JERQU'ING.
JERK, j[.e]rk, _n._ meat cut into thin pieces and dried in the sun.--Also
JERK'Y. [Chilian _charqui_.]
JERKIN, j[.e]r'kin, _n._ a young salmon.--Also GIN'KIN.
JERKIN, j[.e]r'kin, _n._ a jacket, a short coat or close waistcoat.--_n._
JER'KIN-HEAD (_archit._) the combination of a truncated gable with a hipped
roof. [Dut., dim. of _jurk_, a frock.]
JERKINET, j[.e]r'ki-net, _n._ a woman's outer jacket.
JEROBOAM, jer-o-b[=o]'am, _n._ a large metal bowl: eight bottles. [Allusion
to 1 Kings, xi. 28.]
JERQUER, JERQUING. See JERK (2).
JERRY-BUILDER, jer'i-bild'[.e]r, _n._ one who builds flimsy houses cheaply
and hastily, a speculative builder.--_n._ JERR'Y-BUILD'ING.--_adj._
JERR'Y-BUILT.--_n._ JERR'Y-SHOP, a low dram-shop. [Prob. the personal
name.]
JERSEY, j[.e]r'zi, _n._ the finest part of wool: combed wool: a
close-fitting woollen shirt, or kind of under-vest, worn in rowing, &c.
[From the island _Jersey_.]
JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE, PONY. See ARTICHOKE, PONY.
JESS, jes, _n._ a short strap round the legs of a hawk.--_adj._ JESSED,
having jesses on. [O. Fr. _ject_--L. _jact[=a]re_, to fling, freq. of
_jac[)e]re_, to throw.]
JESSAMINE, jes'a-min. See JASMINE.
JESSAMY, jes'sa-mi, _n._ jasmine: a dandy.
JESSANT, jes'ant, _adj._ (_her._) rising from the bottom line of a field or
an upper line of an ordinary. [Perhaps a corr. of _issuant_. Cf. _issue_.]
JESSE, jes'i, _n._ a large branched candlestick used in churches, formerly
hung up in churches. [From its likeness to the genealogical tree of
Christ's descent from _Jesse_ (Is. xi. 1), the father of David, often in
medieval churches carried out in stained glass (a _jesse window_),
sculpture, mural decoration, &c.]
JESSERANT, jes'e-rant, _n._ splint armour.--Also JAZ'ERANT. [O. Fr.
_gesseron_, _jazeran_--Sp. _jacerina_.]
JEST, jest, _n._ something ludicrous: joke: fun: something uttered in
sport: object of laughter.--_v.i._ to make a jest: to joust.--_ns._
JEST'-BOOK, a collection of funny stories; JEST'ER, one who jests: a
buffoon: a court-fool.--_adj._ JEST'FUL, given to jesting.--_adv._
JEST'INGLY.--_n._ JEST'ING-STOCK, a butt for jests. [Orig. 'a deed, a
story,' M. E. _geste_--O. Fr. _geste_--L. _gesta_--_ger[)e]re_, to do.]
JESUIT, jez'[=u]-it, _n._ a member of the famous religious order, the
Society of _Jesus_, founded in 1534 by Ignatius Loyola: a crafty or
insidious person, an intriguer.--_v.t._ to make a Jesuit of.--_adjs._
JESUIT'IC, -AL.--_adv._ Jesuit'ically.--_ns._ JES'UITISM, Jesuitry: the
principles and practices of the Jesuits: cunning: deceit; JESUITOC'RACY,
government by Jesuits; JES'UITRY, Jesuitism.--JESUITS' BARK, cinchona,
because introduced to Rome by Jesuit missionaries.
JESUS, j[=e]'zus, _n._ the Saviour of mankind.--_n._ JÉSUS, a size of
paper, super-royal.--COMPANY, or SOCIETY, OF JESUS, the Jesuit
order.--GRAND JÉSUS, imperial. [Gr. _I[=e]sous_--Heb. _Y[=e]sh[=u]`a_,
contr. of _Yeh[=o]sh[=u]`a_, help of Jehovah, the Saviour--_y[=a]sha`_, to
save.]
JET, jet, _n._ a rich black variety of mineral coal, very hard and compact,
taking a brilliant polish, used for ornaments.--_adj._ JET'-BLACK.--_n._
JET'TINESS.--_adj._ JET'TY, made of jet, or black as jet. [O. Fr.
_jaet_--L.--Gr. _gagat[=e]s_, from _Gagas_, a town and river in Lycia, in
Asia Minor, where it was obtained.]
JET, jet, _n._ a spouting stream: a spout at the end of a gas-pipe emitting
the flame.--_v.t._ to throw out, shoot forth.--_v.i._ to strut, to encroach
arrogantly upon.--_n._ JETTATU'RA, the Evil-eye. [O. Fr. _jetter_--L.
_jact[=a]re_, to fling, freq. of _jac[)e]re_, to throw.]
JETSAM, jet'sam, _n._ the throwing of goods overboard to lighten a vessel:
the goods so thrown away which remain under water (see FLOTSAM)--also
JET'SOM, JET'SON, JET'TISON.--_v.t._ JET'TISON, to throw overboard, as
goods, in time of danger. [Anglo-Fr. _jetteson_--L. _jactation-em_, a
casting.]
JETTON, jet'on, _n._ a piece of stamped metal used as a counter in
card-playing, &c.
JETTY, jet'i, _n._ a projection: a kind of pier. [O. Fr. _jettée_, thrown
out. See Jet (2).]
JEW, j[=oo], _n._ an inhabitant of Judea: a Hebrew or Israelite:
opprobriously used for a usurer, miser, &c.:--_fem._ JEW'ESS.--_v.t._ and
_v.i._ (_coll._) to overreach: cheat.--_n._ JEW'-BAIT'ING, the persecuting
of Jews.--_adj._ JEW'ISH, belonging to the Jews.--_adv._ JEW'ISHLY.--_ns._
JEW'ISHNESS; JEW'S'-EAR, a fungus that grows on the elder, and bears some
resemblance to the human ear; JEW'S' FRANK'INCENSE, the balsam known as
benzoin or gum storax, often used as an incense; JEW'S'-HARP, a small
harp-shaped musical instrument played between the teeth by striking a
spring with the finger; JEW'S'-MALL'OW, a plant much cultivated as a
pot-herb by the Jews in Syria; JEW'S'-MYR'TLE, the prickly-leaved plant
Ruscus aculeatus; JEW'S'-PITCH, asphaltum; JEW'S'-STONE, the fossil spine
of a large echinus or sea hedgehog.--JEW'S EYE, in proverb 'Worth a Jew's
eye,' something of high value--from the custom of torturing Jews for money;
JEWS' HOUSES, in Cornwall, the name given to prehistoric miners'
dwellings.--WANDERING JEW (see WANDER). [O. Fr. _Juis_--L. _Judæus_--Gr.
_Ioudaios_--Heb. _Yeh[=u]d[=a]h_, Judah.]
JEWEL, j[=oo]'el, _n._ a precious stone: an ornament of precious stones,
worn as a decoration: anything or any one highly valued.--_v.t._ to dress
or adorn with jewels: to fit with a jewel:--_pr.p._ jew'elling; _pa.p._
jew'elled, in a watch, having pivot-holes of garnets or any other
jewels.--_ns._ JEW'EL-CASE, a casket for holding jewels; JEW'ELLER, one who
makes or deals in jewels; JEW'ELLERY, JEW'ELRY, jewels in general. [O. Fr.
_jouel_ (Fr. _joyau_); either a dim. of Fr. _joie_, joy, from L. _gaudium_,
joy--_gaud[=e]re_, to rejoice--or derived through Low L. _jocale_, from L.
_joc[=a]ri_, to jest.]
JEWRY, j[=oo]'ri, _n._ Judea: a district inhabited by _Jews_.
JEZEBEL, jez'e-bel, _n._ a bold and vicious woman, a virago. [From Ahab's
wicked wife.]
JIB, jib, _n._ a triangular sail borne in front of the foremast in a ship,
so called from its shifting of itself.--_v.t._ to shift a boom sail from
one tack to the other.--_v.i._ to move restively.--_ns._ JIB'-BOOM, a boom
or extension of the bowsprit, on which the jib is spread; JIB'-DOOR, a door
flush with the outside wall, intended to be concealed.--THE CUT OF ONE'S
JIB, appearance. [Dan. _gibbe_, to jib; cf. Dut. _gijpen_, to turn
suddenly.]
JIBBINGS, jib'ingz, _n.pl._ the last milk drawn from a cow.
JIBE. Same as GIBE.
JIFFY, jif'fi, _n._ (_coll._) an instant.
JIG, jig, _n._ a quick, lively tune: a quick dance suited to the
tune.--_v.i._ to dance a jig:--_pr.p._ jig'ging; _pa.p._ jigged.--_adj._
JIG'GISH. [O. Fr. _gige_, _gigue_, a stringed instrument--Teut.; Ger.
_geige_; cf. _gig_.]
JIGAMAREE, jig-a-ma-r[=e]', _n._ anything the name of which one forgets, a
thingumbob.--Also JIG'GUMBOB.
JIGGER, jig'g[.e]r, _n._ a corruption of _chigoe_.
JIGGER, jig'g[.e]r, _n._ anything that jigs: one of many kinds of
subsidiary appliances, as an apparatus for separating ores by jolting in
sieves in water, a simple potter's wheel or a template or profile used with
it, a warehouse crane, the bridge or rest for the cue in billiards: an
old-fashioned sloop-rigged boat: a one-horse street car: a machine for
exhibiting on a dial at once the prices at which sales are made, controlled
by electric mechanism with a key-board: (_slang_) a drink of
whisky.--_v.t._ to jerk or shake.
JIGGERED, jig'[.e]rd, _p.adj._ a meaningless and needless substitute for a
profane oath.
JIGGING, jig'ing, _n._ in mining, the process of separating ore by means of
a wire-bottomed sieve moved up and down in water.
JIGJOG, jig'jog, _n._ a jolting motion, a jog.--Also JICK'AJOG, JIG'AJOG.
[Reduplicated form of jog.]
JIGOT, jig'ot, _n._ a leg of mutton. See GIGOT.
JILL, jil, _n._ Same as GILL.
JILL, jil, _n._ a young woman, often associated with Jack. [Short for
_Gillian_--i.e. _Juliana_.]
JILT, jilt, _n._ a woman who encourages a lover and then rejects
him.--_v.t._ to encourage and then discard a lover. [Formerly _jillet_,
dim. of _Jill_.]
JIMCRACK. See GIMCRACK.
JIM CROW, jim kr[=o], _n._ one of the earliest negro-minstrel songs: a kind
of generic name for the negro.
JIM-CROW, jim'-kr[=o], _n._ a tool for bending or straightening iron rails
or bars.
JIMMY, jim'i, _n._ (_U.S._) a coal-car.
JIMP, jimp, _adj._ (_Scot._) slender, elegant.--_adv._ JIMP, JIMP'LY,
neatly, hardly.--_adj._ JIMP'Y, neat.
JIMSON-WEED. See STRAMONIUM.
JINGAL, jing'gal, _n._ a large Chinese swivel-musket.
JINGLE, jing'l, _n._ a clinking sound: that which makes a rattling sound: a
correspondence of sounds: a covered two-wheeled car.--_v.i._ to sound with
a jingle.--_ns._ JING'LE-JANG'LE, a jingling sound; JING'LET, a ball
serving as the clapper of a sleigh-bell; J[=I]NG'LING, a game in which
blindfolded players within a ring try to catch a player with a bell tied to
him. [Imit.]
JINGO, jing'g[=o], _n._ a name used in the expletives, 'By Jingo!' 'By the
living Jingo!' From its occurrence in a music-hall song of 1878 that
conveyed a threat against Russia, Jingo has come to mean a British
Chauvinist.--_adjs._ JING'O, JING'OISH.--_n._ JING'OISM. [Often fearlessly
derived from Basque _Jinkoa_, _Jainko_, God; no doubt conn. somehow with St
_Gengulphus_ (died May 11, 760).]
JINK, jingk, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to move nimbly, to dodge.--_v.t._ to elude:
to cheat.--_n._ a quick, illusory turn.
JINN, jin, _n.pl._ (sing. JIN'NEE) a class of spirits in Mohammedan
mythology, formed of fire, living chiefly on the mountains of Káf which
encircle the world, assuming various shapes, sometimes as men of enormous
size and portentous hideousness.--Also DJINN, GINN. The _jinn_ are often
called _genii_ by a confusion. A plural JINNS is sometimes erroneously
used. [Ar. _jinn_, pl. _jinn[=i]y_.]
JINRIKISHA, jin-rik'i-shä, _n._ a small, two-wheeled hooded carriage drawn
by men. [Jap. _jin_, man, _riki_, power, _sha_, carriage.]
JOB, job, _n._ a sudden stroke or stab with a pointed instrument like a
beak.--_v.t._ to strike or stab suddenly:--_pr.p._ job'bing; _pa.p._
jobbed. [Gael. _gob_, W. _gwp_, a bird's beak; conn. with _gobble_, _job_.]
JOB, job, _n._ any piece of work, esp. of a trifling or temporary nature:
miscellaneous printing-work: any undertaking with a view to profit: a mean
transaction, in which private gain is sought under pretence of public
service.--_adj._ of a particular job or transaction, assigned to a special
use: bought or sold lumped together.--_v.i._ to work at jobs: to buy and
sell as a broker: to hire or let out by the week or month, esp.
horses.--_ns._ JOB'BER, one who jobs: one who buys and sells, as a broker
or middleman: one who turns official actions to private advantage: one who
engages in a mean lucrative affair; JOB'BERY, jobbing: unfair means
employed to procure some private end; JOB'-MAS'TER, a livery-stable keeper
who jobs out horses and carriages.--A BAD JOB, an unfortunate affair; ODD
JOBS, occasional pieces of work. [Formerly _gob_--O. Fr. _gob_, a mouthful;
from the same Celtic root as _gobble_.]
JOB, j[=o]b, _n._ a monument of patience--from _Job_ in Scripture.--_n._
JOB[=A]'TION, a tedious scolding.--JOB'S COMFORTER, one who aggravates the
distress of an unfortunate man he has come to comfort; JOB'S NEWS, bad
news; JOB'S POST, the bearer of bad news.
JOCKEY, jok'i, _n._ a man (orig. a boy) who rides horses in a race: a
horse-dealer: one who takes undue advantage in business.--_v.t._ to jostle
by riding against: to cheat.--_ns._ JOCK'EYISM, JOCK'EYSHIP, the art or
practice of a jockey.--JOCKEY CLUB, an association for the promotion and
ordering of horse-racing. [Dim. of _Jock_, northern Eng. for _Jack_.]
JOCKTELEG, jok'te-leg, _n._ (_Scot._) a large clasp-knife. [Cf.
_jack-knife_.]
JOCOSE, jo-k[=o]s', _adj._ full of jokes: humorous: merry.--_adv._
JOCOSE'LY.--_ns._ JOCOSE'NESS, JOCOS'ITY, the quality of being
jocose.--_adj._ JOCO-S[=E]'RIOUS, half in jest, half in earnest. [L.
_jocosus_--_jocus_, a joke.]
JOCULAR, jok'[=u]-lar, _adj._ given to jokes: humorous: droll:
laughable.--_n._ JOCULAR'ITY.--_adv._ JOC'ULARLY.--_n._ JOCUL[=A]'TOR, a
professional jester or minstrel.--_adj._ JOC'UL[=A]TORY. [L.
_jocularis_--_jocus_.]
JOCUND, jok'und, _adj._ in a jocose humour: merry: cheerful:
pleasant.--_ns._ JOCUND'ITY, JOCUND'NESS.--_adv._ JOC'UNDLY. [Fr.,--L.
_jocundus_--_jocus_.]
JODEL, j[=o]'del, _v.i._ to sing with the falsetto voice in harmonic
progressions.--Also _n._ [Swiss.]
JOE, j[=o], JOEY, j[=o]'i, _n._ (_slang_) a fourpenny-bit--from _Joseph_
Hume, M.P., their author, 1836.--JOE MILLER, an old or stale jest, a
jest-book; JOE MILLERISM, the habit of retailing stale jests--from _Joe
Miller_ (1684-1738), a comedian but notoriously dull fellow, whose name was
attached to a collection in 1739.
JOE, or JO, j[=o], _n._ (_Scot._) a sweetheart.
JOG, jog, _v.t._ to shake: to push with the elbow or hand, to stimulate,
stir up, as the memory.--_v.i._ to move by jogs: to travel slowly:--_pr.p._
jog'ging; _pa.p._ jogged.--_n._ a slight shake: a push.--_ns._ JOG'GER
(_Dryden_), one who moves slowly and heavily; JOG'TROT, a slow jogging
trot.--BE JOGGING, to move on, to depart. [A weakened form of _shock_.]
JOGGLE, jog'l, _n._ a notch in joints adapted in fitting stones or pieces
of timber together to keep them from sliding. [Dim. of _jog_, to push.]
JOGGLE, jog'l, _v.t._ to jog or shake slightly: to jostle.--_v.i._ to
shake:--_pr.p._ jogg'ling; _pa.p._ jogg'led. [Dim. of _jog_.]
JOHANNES, j[=o]-han'[=e]z, _n._ an old Portuguese gold coin.--Also
JOANN'ES.
JOHANNINE, j[=o]-an'n[=i]n, _adj._ pertaining to St John.--Also
JOHAN'N[=E]AN. [L. _Joannes_.]
JOHANNISBERGER, j[=o]-hän'nis-b[.e]r-g[.e]r, _n._ a white Rhenish wine
grown at _Johannisberg_ ('St John's Mountain'), near Wiesbaden.
JOHN, jon, _n._ a proper name, one of whose diminutives, JOHN'NY, is
sometimes used in slang for a simpleton or a fellow generally.--_ns._
JOHN'-A-DREAMS' (_Shak._), a dreamy fellow; JOHN'IAN, a member of St John's
College, Cambridge; JOHN'NY-CAKE, a cake of Indian meal toasted;
JOHN'NY-RAW, a beginner.--JOHN BULL, a generic name for an Englishman from
Arbuthnott's _History of John Bull_, 1712; JOHN BULLISM, the typical
English character, or any act or word expressive of it; JOHN CHINAMAN, a
Chinaman, the Chinese collectively; JOHN COMPANY, an old colloquial name
for the Honourable East India Company; JOHN DORY (see DORY); JOHN THOMAS, a
generic name for a flunkey.
JOHNSONIANISM, jon-s[=o]'ni-an-izm, _n._ a peculiarity of Dr _Johnson_, the
lexicographer (1709-83)--also JOHN'SONISM.--_n._ JOHN'SONESE, the
Johnsonian style, or an imitation of it--ponderous English, full of words
of classical origin.
JOIN, join, _v.t._ to connect: to unite: to associate: to add or
annex.--_v.i._ to be connected with: to grow together: to be in close
contact: to unite (_with_).--_ns._ JOIND'ER, joining; JOIN'ER, one who
joins or unites: a carpenter; JOIN'ERY, the art of the joiner; JOIN'-HAND,
running hand; JOIN'ING, the act of joining: a seam: a joint; JOINT, a
joining: the place where, or mode in which, two or more things join, as two
rails, two pieces of timber connected by mortises and tenons, &c.: the
flexible hinge of cloth or leather connecting the back of a book with its
sides: (_geol._) a crack intersecting a mass of rock: a knot: a hinge: a
seam: a place of resort for tramps: (_U.S._) an opium-den: the place where
two bones are joined: (_cook._) the part of the limb of an animal cut off
at the joint.--_adj._ joined, united, or combined: shared among more than
one.--_v.t._ to unite by joints: to fit closely: to provide with joints: to
cut into joints, as an animal.--_v.i._ to fit like joints.--_adj._
JOINT'ED, having joints.--_ns._ JOINT'ER, the largest kind of plane used by
a joiner: a bent piece of iron for riveting two stones together;
JOINT'ING-RULE, a long, straight-edged rule used by bricklayers for keeping
their work even.--_adv._ JOINT'LY, in a joint manner: unitedly or in
combination: together.--_ns._ JOINT'-OIL, the synovia, a viscid secretion
for lubricating the articular surfaces; JOINT'-STOCK, stock held jointly or
in company; JOINT'-STOOL (_Shak._), a stool made of parts inserted in each
other; JOINT'-TEN'ANCY, the ownership of land or goods along with one or
more persons; JOINT'-TEN'ANT, one who is owner of land or goods along with
others; JOINT'URE, property joined to or settled on a woman at marriage to
be enjoyed after her husband's death.--_v.t._ to settle a jointure
upon.--_ns._ JOINT'[=U]RESS, JOIN'TRESS, a woman on whom a jointure is
settled.--JOIN BATTLE, to engage in battle.--OUT OF JOINT, dislocated,
(_fig._) disordered; PUT ONE'S NOSE OUT OF JOINT, to supplant in another's
love or confidence; SECOND JOINT, the middle piece of a fly fishing-rod:
the thigh of a fowl--opp. to the leg or drumstick, the first joint;
UNIVERSAL JOINT, a contrivance by which one part of a machine is able to
move freely in all directions, as in the ball-and-socket joint. [O. Fr.
_joindre_--L. _jung[)e]re_, _junctum_.]
JOIST, joist, _n._ the timbers to which the boards of a floor or the laths
of a ceiling are nailed.--_v.t._ to fit with joists. [O. Fr.
_giste_--_gesir_--L. _jac[=e]re_, to lie.]
JOKE, j[=o]k, _n._ a jest: a witticism: something witty or sportive:
anything said or done to excite a laugh.--_v.t._ to cast jokes at: to
banter: to make merry with.--_v.i._ to jest: to be merry: to make
sport.--_n._ JOK'ER, one who jokes or jests: a card, generally the highest
trump, at euchre.--_adv._ JOK'INGLY, in a joking manner. [L. _jocus_.]
JOLE, another form of _jowl_.
JOLE, JOLL, j[=o]l, _v.t._ (_Shak._) to beat against anything, to clash
with violence.
JOLLY, jol'i, _adj._ merry: expressing or exciting mirth, jovial: comely,
robust.--_n._ JOLLIFIC[=A]'TION, a making jolly: noisy festivity and
merriment.--_adv._ JOLL'ILY.--_ns._ JOLL'IMENT (_Spens._), merriment;
JOLL'ITY, JOLL'INESS.--_adv._ JOLL'Y (_coll._), uncommonly. [O. Fr.
_jolif_, _joli_--Ice. _jol_, Yule.]
JOLLYBOAT, jol'i-b[=o]t, _n._ a small boat belonging to a ship. [Dan.
_jolle_, a boat, and Eng. _boat_.]
JOLT, j[=o]lt, _v.i._ to shake with sudden jerks.--_v.t._ to shake with a
sudden shock.--_n._ a sudden jerk.--_ns._ JOLT'ER; JOLT'-HEAD, JOLT'ERHEAD,
a blockhead.--_adv._ JOLT'INGLY, in a jolting manner. [Old form _joll_,
prob. conn. with _jowl_.]
JONAH, j[=o]'nä, _n._ an unlucky passenger on shipboard or elsewhere--from
the prophet _Jonah_.
JONATHAN, jon'a-than, _n._ the people of the United States, collectively,
or a typical specimen, BROTHER JONATHAN. [Perh. from the sagacious Governor
_Jonathan_ Trumbull, 1710-85.]
JONGLEUR, zhong'gler, _n._ a minstrel: a mountebank. [O. Fr. _jogleor_--L.
_joculator_; cf. _Juggler_.]
JONQUIL, jon'kwil, _n._ a name given to certain species of narcissus with
rush-like leaves.--Also JON'QUILL. [Fr. _jonquille_--L. _juncus_, a rush.]
JORDAN, jor'dan, _n._ (_Shak._) a chamber-pot. [_Jordan_-bottle, a
pilgrim's bottle containing _Jordan_ water.]
JORUM, j[=o]'rum, _n._ a drinking bowl or vessel, also its contents.--Also
J[=O]'RAM. [Ety. unknown.]
JOSEPH, j[=o]'zef, _n._ one whose chastity is above temptation--from the
story of _Joseph_ and Potiphar's wife in Gen. xxxix.: a caped overcoat worn
by women in the 18th century for riding--in allusion to _Joseph's_ coat,
Gen. xxxvii. 3.