HANAPER. See HAMPER, _n._

HANASTER, HANSTER. See under HANSE.

HANCE, hans, _n._ (_naut._) a curved rise from a lower to a higher

part--sometimes HANCH, HAUNCH: (_archit._) the arc of smaller radius at the

springing of an elliptical or many-centred arch--also HAUNCH. [O. Fr.

_hauce_, _haulce_, rise.]

HANCH, hansh, _v.i._ and _v.t._ to snap at with the jaws.

HAND, hand, _n._ the extremity of the arm below the wrist: that which does

the duty of a hand by pointing, as the hand of a clock: the fore-foot of a

horse: a measure of four inches: an agent or workman: (_pl._) work-people

in a factory: performance, agency, co-operation: power or manner of

performing: skill: possession: style of handwriting, sign-manual: side:

direction: the set of cards held by a single player at whist, &c.: a single

round at a game.--_v.t._ to give with the hand: to lead or conduct:

(_naut._) to furl, as sails.--_ns._ HAND'-BAG, a bag for small articles,

carried in the hand; HAND'-BALL, the sport of throwing and catching a ball;

HAND'-BARR'OW, a barrow without a wheel, carried by men: HAND'-BAS'KET, a

small portable basket; HAND'-BELL, a small bell held by the hand when rung,

a table-bell; HAND'BILL, a pruning-hook used in the hand: a bill or loose

sheet with some announcement; HAND'BOOK, a manual or book of reference: a

guide-book for travellers; HAND'BREADTH, the breadth of a hand: a palm;

HAND'-CART, a small cart drawn by hand.--_adj._ HAND'ED (_Milt._), with

hands joined: (_Shak._) having a hand of a certain sort.--_ns._ HAND'ER;

HAND'FAST, a firm grip, handle: a contract, esp. a betrothal.--_adj._

bound, espoused: tight-fisted.--_adj._ HAND'FASTED, betrothed.--_n._

HAND'FASTING, betrothal: a private or even probationary form of

marriage.--_adj._ Hand'-foot'ed, having feet like hands, chiropod.--_ns._

HAND'FUL, as much as fills the hand: a small number or quantity:--_pl._

HAND'FULS; HAND'-GALL'OP, an easy gallop, in which the speed of the horse

is restrained by the bridle-hand; HAND'-GLASS, a glass or small glazed

frame used to protect plants: a small mirror; HAND'-GRENADE', a grenade to

be thrown by the hand; HAND'GRIP, grasp, grip, close struggle; HAND'ICUFFS,

HAND'YCUFFS, fighting hand to hand.--_adj._ HAND'LESS, awkward.--_ns._

HAND-LINE, a fishing-line worked by hand without a rod; HAND'-LIST, a list

for easy reference; HAND'-LOOM, a weaver's loom worked by hand, as

distinguished from a power-loom.--_adj._ HAND'-MADE, manufactured by hand,

not by a machine.--_ns._ HAND'MAID, HAND'MAIDEN, a female servant;

HAND'-MILL, a mill worked by hand for coffee, pepper, &c., a quern;

HAND'-OR'GAN, a portable organ, played by means of a crank turned by the

hand; HAND'-P[=A]'PER, a particular make of paper, early in use at the

Record Office, with the water-mark of a hand pointing; HAND'-POST, a

finger-post, guide; HAND'-PROM'ISE, a form of betrothal amongst the Irish

peasantry; HAND'RAIL, a rail supported by balusters, as in staircases, to

hold by.--_adv. phrase_, HAND'-RUN'NING, straight on, continuously.--_ns._

HAND'-SAW, a saw manageable by the hand--also the same as HERN'SHAW, in the

proverb, 'not to know a hawk from a handsaw;' HAND'-SCREEN, a small screen

used to protect the face from the heat of the fire or sun; HAND'-SCREW, an

appliance for raising heavy weights, a jack; HAND'SPIKE, a bar used with

the hand as a lever.--_n.pl._ HAND'STAVES (_B._), probably javelins.--_ns._

HANDS'-TURN, a helping hand, aid; HAND'WORK, work done by hand, as

distinguished from machinery; HAND'WRITING, the style of writing peculiar

to each person: writing.--_adj._ HAND'-WROUGHT, made with the hands, not by

machinery.--HAND AND [IN] GLOVE (_with_), on very intimate terms; HAND

DOWN, to transmit in succession; HAND IN HAND, in union, conjointly; HAND

OF GOD, a term used for unforeseen unpreventable accidents, as lightning,

tempest, &c.; HAND OVER HAND, by passing the hands alternately one before

or above the other; HAND OVER HEAD, rashly; HANDS DOWN, with ease; HANDS

OFF! keep off! refrain from blows! HANDS UP, a bushranger's call to

surrender; HAND TO HAND, at close quarters; HAND TO MOUTH, without thought

for the future, precariously.--A BIRD IN THE HAND, any advantage at present

held; A COOL HAND, a person not easily abashed; AT ANY HAND, IN ANY HAND

(_Shak._), at any rate, in any case; AT FIRST HAND, from the producer or

seller, or from the first source direct; AT HAND, near in place or time; AT

SECOND HAND, from an intermediate purchaser or source; BEAR A HAND, make

haste to help; BEAR IN HAND (_Shak._), to keep in expectation; BE HAND AND

GLOVE, to be very intimate and familiar; BELIEVED ON ALL HANDS, generally

believed; BLOODY, or RED, HAND, granted to baronets of Great Britain and

Ireland in 1611; BY THE STRONG HAND, by force; CAP IN HAND, humbly; CHANGE

HANDS, to pass from one owner to another; COME TO ONE'S HAND, to be easy to

do; DEAD MAN'S HAND, HAND-OF-GLORY, a charm to discover hidden treasure,

&c., made from a mandrake root, or the hand of a man who has been executed,

holding a candle; FOR ONE'S OWN HAND, on one's own account; FROM GOOD

HANDS, from a reliable source; GAIN THE UPPER HAND, to obtain the mastery;

GET ONE'S HAND IN, to become familiar with.--HANDWRITING ON THE WALL, any

sign foreshadowing disaster (from Dan. v. 5).--HAVE A HAND IN, to be

concerned in; HAVE CLEAN HANDS, to be honest and incorruptible; HAVE FULL

HANDS, to be fully occupied; HOLD HAND (_Shak._), to compete successfully;

HOLD IN HAND, to restrain; IN HAND, as present payment: in preparation:

under control; KISS THE HAND, in token of submission; LAY HANDS ON, to

seize; LAYING ON OF HANDS, the laying on of the hands of a bishop or

presbyters in ordination; LEND A HAND, to give assistance; OFF-HAND, OUT OF

HAND, at once, immediately, without premeditation; OFF ONE'S HANDS, no

longer under one's responsible charge; OLD HAND, one experienced, as

opposed to _Young hand_; ON ALL HANDS, on all sides; ON HAND, ready,

available: in one's possession; ON ONE'S HANDS, under one's care or

responsibility; POOR HAND, an unskilful one; SECOND-HAND, inferior, not

new; SET THE HAND TO, to engage in, undertake; SHOW ONE'S HAND, to expose

one's purpose to any one; STAND ONE'S HAND (_slang_), to pay for a drink to

another; STRIKE HANDS, to make a contract; TAKE IN HAND, to undertake; TAKE

OFF ONE'S HANDS, to relieve of something troublesome; TO ONE'S HAND, in

readiness; UNDER ONE'S HAND, with one's proper signature attached; WASH

ONE'S HANDS (_of_), to disclaim the responsibility for anything (Matt.

xxvii. 24); WITH A HEAVY HAND, oppressively; WITH A HIGH HAND, without

taking other people into consideration, audaciously. [A.S. _hand_; in all

Teut. tongues, perh. rel. to Goth. _hinthan_, to seize.]

HANDCUFF, hand'kuf, _n._ esp. in _pl._ HAND'CUFFS, shackles for the hand

locked upon the wrists of a prisoner.--_v.t._ to put handcuffs on:--_pr.p._

hand'cuffing; _pa.p._ hand'cuffed (-kuft). [_Hand_ and _cuff_.]

HANDICAP, hand'i-kap, _v.t._ to impose special disadvantages or impediments

upon in order to offset advantages, and make a better contest--in a

horse-race the superior horse carries a heavier weight, while foot-runners

are placed at different distances, or start at different times: (_fig._) to

place at a disadvantage by some burden or disability.--_n._ any contest so

adjusted, or the condition imposed.--_n._ HAND'ICAPPER, one who handicaps.

[_Hand_ in the _cap_, from the usage in an ancient kind of sport and method

of settling a bargain by arbitration.]

HANDICRAFT, hand'i-kraft, _n._ a manual craft or trade.--_n._

HAND'ICRAFTSMAN, a man skilled in a manual art:--_fem._ HAND'ICRAFTSWOMAN.

HANDIWORK, HANDYWORK, hand'i-wurk, _n._ work done by the hands, performance

generally: work of skill or wisdom: creation.

HANDJAR, HANJAR, hand'jar, _n._ a Persian dagger.

HANDKERCHIEF, hang'k[.e]r-chif, _n._ a piece of linen, silk, or cotton

cloth for wiping the nose, &c.: a neckerchief.--THROW THE HANDKERCHIEF, to

call upon next--from the usage in a common game.

HANDLE, hand'l, _v.t._ to touch, hold, or use with the hand: to make

familiar by frequent touching: to manage: to discuss: to practise: to trade

or do business in.--_v.i._ to use the hands.--_n._ that part of anything

held in the hand: (_fig._) that of which use is made: a tool: occasion,

opportunity, pretext.--_ns._ HAND'LER, a person skilful in any special kind

of manipulation; HAND'LING, the touching or managing with the hand: action:

manner of touch.--A HANDLE TO THE NAME, an adjunct of honour, as 'Dr,'

'Col.,' &c.; GIVE A HANDLE, to furnish an occasion to. [A.S.

_handlian_--_hand_, a hand.]

HANDSEL, HANSEL, hand'sel, han'sel, _n._ the first sale or using of

anything: earnest-money or part-payment by way of binding a bargain:

(_Scot._) a gift made on the first Monday of the year to a child or

servant: a New-year's gift.--_v.t._ to give a handsel: to use or do

anything the first time. [A.S. _handselen_, a giving into the hands of

another; or Ice. _handsal_.]

HANDSOME, han'sum, _adj._ good-looking, well-proportioned, graceful: with

dignity: liberal or noble: generous: ample.--_adv._ HAND'SOMELY.--_n._

HAND'SOMENESS. [_Hand_ and -_some_; cf. Dut. _handzaam_.]

HANDY, han'di, _adj._ dexterous: ready to the hand: convenient:

near.--_adv._ HAND'ILY.--_ns._ HANDI'NESS; HAND'Y-MAN, a man for doing odd

jobs.

HANDY-DANDY, hand'i-dand'i, _n._ (_Shak._) an old game among children, in

which something is rapidly changed from one hand into the other, while

another guesses in which hand it is. [A jingle on _hand_.]

HANG, hang, _v.t._ to hook or fix to some high point: to suspend: to

decorate with pictures, &c., as a wall: to put to death by suspending and

choking.--_v.i._ to be hanging, so as to allow of free motion: to lean, or

rest for support: to drag: to hover or impend: to be in suspense: to

linger:--_pr.p._ hang'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ hanged or hung.--_n._ action

of hanging, bending down, &c.: a declivity: mode in which anything hangs: a

slackening of motion: a hanging mass (NOT A HANG, not a bit, not in the

least).--_n._ HANGABIL'ITY.--_adj._ HANG'ABLE, liable to be hanged:

punishable by hanging.--_n._ HANG'-DOG, a low fellow.--_adj._ like such a

fellow, esp. in his sneaking look.--_ns._ HANG'ER, that on which anything

is hung: a short sword, curved near the point; HANG'ER-ON, one who hangs on

or sticks to a person or place: an importunate acquaintance: a

dependent.--_adj._ HANG'ING, deserving death by hanging.--_n._ death by the

halter: that which is hung, as drapery, &c.:--used chiefly in _pl._--_ns._

HANG'ING-BUTT'RESS, a buttress not standing solid on a foundation, but

hanging or supported on a corbel; HANG'MAN, a public executioner; HANG'NAIL

(see AGNAIL).--_n.pl._ HANG'-NESTS, a family of finch-like perching birds

peculiar to America--often called _American orioles_, many weaving curious

purse-like nests.--HANG BACK, to hesitate; HANG BY A THREAD, to be in a

very precarious position--from the sword of Damocles; HANG, DRAW, AND

QUARTER, to execute by hanging, cutting down while still alive,

disembowelling, and cutting the body in pieces for exposure at different

places; HANG FIRE, to be long in exploding or discharging, as a gun: to

hesitate; HANG IN DOUBT, to remain in a state of uncertainty; HANG IN THE

BALANCE, to be in doubt or suspense; HANG OFF, to let go, to hold off; HANG

ON, to cling to, to regard with admiration: to depend upon: to weigh down

or oppress: to be importunate; HANG OUT (_slang_), to lodge or reside; HANG

OVER, to project over; HANG TOGETHER, to keep united; HANG UP ONE'S HAT, to

make one's self completely at home in a house. [A.S. _hangian_, causal form

of _hón_, pa.t. _heng_, pa.p. _hangen_; Dut. and Ger. _hangen_, Goth.

_hahan_.]

HANGAR, hang'ar, _n._ a covered shed for carriages.

HANK, hangk, _n._ two or more skeins of thread tied together: a string,

clasp, or other means of fastening. [Ice. _hanki_, a hasp.]

HANKER, hangk'[.e]r, _v.i._ to long for with eagerness: to linger about

(with _after_, _for_).--_n._ HANK'ERING, a lingering craving for something.

[A freq. of _hang_, in sense to hang on; cf. Dut. _hunkeren_.]

HANKY-PANKY, hangk'i-pangk'i, _n._ jugglery, trickery. [A meaningless

jingle, like _hocus-pocus_, &c.]

HANOVERIAN, han-o-v[=e]'ri-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Hanover_, as of the

brown rat, and the dynasty that came to the throne of England in

1714.--_n._ a supporter of the house of Hanover, as opposed to a Jacobite.

HANSARD, han'sard, _n._ a name applied to the printed reports of the

debates in parliament, from Luke _Hansard_ (1752-1828), whose descendants

continued to print these down to the beginning of 1889.--_v.t._

HAN'SARDISE, to confront a member with his former opinions as recorded in

his speeches in _Hansard_.

HANSE, hans, _n._ a league.--_adjs._ HANSE, HANSEAT'IC, applied to certain

commercial cities in Germany whose famous league for mutual defence and

commercial association began in a compact between Hamburg and Lübeck in

1241.--_ns._ HAN'ASTER, HAN'STER, the ancient Oxford name for persons

paying the entrance-fee of the guild-merchant, and admitted as freemen of

the city. [O. Fr. _hanse_--Old High Ger. _hansa_, a band of men (Ger.

_hanse_).]

HANSOM-CAB, han'sum-kab, _n._ a light two-wheeled cab or hackney-carriage

with the driver's seat raised behind. [From the name of the inventor,

Joseph Aloysius _Hansom_, 1803-82.]

HA'N'T, h[=a]nt, a coll. contr. for _have not_ or _has not_.

HANTLE, han'tl, _n._ (_Scot._) a considerable number. [Cf. Dan. _antal_,

Dut. _aantal_, Ger. _anzahl_. Some explain as _hand_ and _tale_, number.]

HAP, hap, _n._ chance: fortune: accident.--_v.i._ to befall.--_n._

HAP-HAZ'ARD, that which happens by hazard: chance, accident.--_adj._

chance, accidental.--_adv._ at random.--_adv._ HAP-HAZ'ARDLY.--_n._

HAP-HAZ'ARDNESS.--_adj._ HAP'LESS, unlucky: unhappy.--_adv._

HAP'LESSLY.--_n._ HAP'LESSNESS.--_adv._ HAP'LY, by hap, chance, or

accident: perhaps: it may be.--_v.i._ HAPP'EN, to fall out: to take place:

to chance to be.--_n._ HAPP'ENING. [Ice. _happ_, good luck.]

HAP, hap, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to wrap up from the cold or rain.--_n._ a cloak

or other covering.

HAPLODON, hap'l[=o]-don, _n._ a peculiar terrestrial rodent regarded as a

connecting-link between beavers and squirrels, its single species (_H.

rufus_) popularly known as the _Sewellel_, _Boomer_, and _Mountain Beaver_.

[Gr. _haploos_, single, _odous_, _odontos_, tooth.]

HAPLOGRAPHY, hap-log'raf-i, _n._ the inadvertent writing of a letter or

word, or series of letters or words, once, when it should be written twice.

[Gr. _haploos_, single, _graphia_, _graphein_, to write.]

HAP'ORTH, h[=a]'p[.e]rth, for _halfpennyworth_.

HAPPY, hap'i, _adj._ lucky, successful: possessing or enjoying pleasure or

good: secure of good: furnishing enjoyment: dexterous, apt,

felicitous.--_v.t._ (_Shak._) to make happy.--_v.t._ HAPP'IFY, to make

happy.--_adv._ HAPP'ILY.--_n._ HAPP'INESS.--_adj._ HAPP'Y-GO-LUCK'Y,

easy-going: taking things as they come.--_adv._ in any way one

pleases.--HAPPY DESPATCH, a euphemism for the _Hara-kiri_ (q.v.). [_Hap_.]

HAQUETON, hak'ton, _n._ a stuffed jacket worn under the mail--same as Acton

(q.v.).

HARA-KIRI, har'a-kir'e, _n._ involuntary suicide by disembowelment,

formerly practised in Japan by daimios and members of the military class,

unable to outlive disgrace, or in order to anticipate execution. [Japanese

_hara_, belly, _kiri_, cut.]

HARANGUE, ha-rang', _n._ a loud speech addressed to a multitude: a popular,

pompous address.--_v.i._ to deliver a harangue.--_v.t._ to address by a

harangue:--_pr.p._ haranguing (-rang'ing); _pa.p._ harangued

(-rangd').--_n._ HARANG'UER. [O. Fr. _arenge_, _harangue_, from Old High

Ger. _hring_ (Ger. _ring_), a ring of auditors.]

HARASS, har'as, _v.t._ to fatigue: to annoy or torment.--_p.adj._

HAR'ASSED.--_adv._ HAR'ASSEDLY.--_n._ HAR'ASSER.--_p.adj._

HAR'ASSING.--_adv._ HAR'ASSINGLY.--_n._ HAR'ASSMENT. [O. Fr. _harasser_;

prob. from _harer_, to incite a dog.]

HARBINGER, här'bin-j[.e]r, _n._ a forerunner, pioneer, originally one who

goes forward to provide lodging.--_v.t._ to precede, as a harbinger. [M. E.

_herbergeour_. See HARBOUR.]

HARBOUR, här'bur, _n._ any refuge or shelter: a port for ships--obs. form

_Har'borough_.--_v.t._ to lodge or entertain: to protect: to possess or

indulge, as thoughts.--_v.i._ to take shelter.--_n._ HAR'BOURAGE, place of

shelter: entertainment.--_n.pl._ HAR'BOUR-DUES, charges for the use of a

harbour.--_n._ HAR'BOURER, one who harbours or entertains.--_adj._

HAR'BOURLESS.--_n._ HAR'BOUR-MAS'TER, the public officer who has charge of

a harbour.--HARBOUR OF REFUGE, a harbour constructed to give shelter to

ships on some exposed coast: any protection for one in distress. [M. E.

_herberwe_--an assumed A.S. _herebeorg_--_here_, army, _beorg_, protection;

cf. Ger. _herberge_, Ice. _herbergi_.]

HARD, härd, _adj._ not easily penetrated, firm, solid: difficult to

understand or accomplish: violent, vehement: rigorous: close, earnest,

industrious: coarse, scanty: stingy, niggardly: difficult to bear, painful:

unjust: difficult to please: unfeeling: severe: stiff: constrained:

intractable, resistant in some use, as water, &c.: strong, spirituous: (of

silk) without having the natural gum boiled off: surd or breathed, as

opposed to sonant or voiced.--_n._ a firm beach or foreshore: hard

labour.--_adv._ with urgency, vigour, &c.: earnestly, forcibly: with

difficulty: close, near, as in HARD BY.--_adv._ HARD-A-LEE, close to the

lee-side, &c.--_adj._ HARD'-AND-FAST', rigidly laid down and adhered

to.--_adv._ HARD APORT! a command instructing the helmsman to turn the

tiller to the left or port side of the ship, thus causing the ship to

swerve to the right or starboard.--_ns._ HARD'-BAKE, a sweetmeat made of

boiled sugar and almonds; HARD'BEAM, the hornbeam.--_adjs._ HARD'-BILLED,

having a hard bill or beak--of birds; HARD'-BITT'EN, given to hard biting,

tough in fight; HARD'-CURED, cured thoroughly, as fish, by drying in the

sun.--_n._ HARD'-DRINK'ER, a constant drunkard.--_adj._ HARD'-EARNED,

earned with toil or difficulty.--_v.t._ HARD'EN, to make hard or harder: to

make firm: to strengthen: to confirm in wickedness: to make

insensible.--_v.i._ to become hard or harder, either lit. or fig.--_adj._

HARD'ENED, made hard, unfeeling.--_n._ HARD'ENER.--_adj._ HARD'-FAV'OURED,

having coarse features.--_n._ HARD'-FAV'OUREDNESS.--_adj._ HARD'-FEAT'URED,

of hard, coarse, or forbidding features.--_n._

HARD'-FEAT'UREDNESS.--_adjs._ HARD'-FIST'ED, having hard or strong fists or

hands: close-fisted: niggardly; HARD'-FOUGHT, sorely contested;

HARD'-GOTT'EN, obtained with difficulty; HARD'-GRAINED, having a close firm

grain: uninviting.--_n._ HARD'-HACK, the steeple-bush, an erect shrub of

the rose family, with rose-coloured or white flowers.--_adjs._

HARD'-HAND'ED, having hard hands: rough: severe; HARD'-HEAD'ED, shrewd,

intelligent; HARD'-HEART'ED, having a hard or unfeeling heart:

cruel.--_adv._ HARD'-HEART'EDLY.--_n._ HARD'-HEART'EDNESS.--_adj._

HARD'ISH, somewhat hard.--_n._ HARD'-L[=A]'BOUR, labour imposed on certain

classes of criminals during their imprisonment.--_adv._ HARD'LY, with

difficulty: scarcely, not quite: severely, harshly.--_adj._ HARD'-MOUTHED,

having a mouth hard or insensible to the bit: not easily managed.--_n._

HARD'-PAN, the hard detritus often underlying the superficial soil: the

lowest level.--_adjs._ HARD'-RULED (_Shak._), ruled with difficulty;

HARD'-RUN, greatly pressed; HARD'-SET, beset by difficulty: rigid;

HARD'-SHELL, having a hard shell: rigidly orthodox.--_ns._ HARD'SHIP, a

hard state, or that which is hard to bear, as toil, injury, &c.;

HARD'-TACK, ship-biscuit.--_adj._ HARD'-VIS'AGED, of a hard, coarse, or

forbidding visage.--_ns._ HARD'WARE, trade name for all sorts of articles

made of the baser metals, such as iron or copper; HARD'WAREMAN.--_adj._

HARD'-WON, won with toil and difficulty.--_n.pl._ HARD'WOOD-TREES, forest

trees of comparatively slow growth, producing compact hard timber, as oak,

ash, elm, walnut, beech, birch, &c.--HARD HIT, seriously hurt, as by a loss

of money: deeply smitten with love; HARD LINES, a hard lot; HARD METAL, an

alloy of two parts of copper with one of tin for gun metal; HARD MONEY,

money emphatically, prop. coin; HARD OF HEARING, pretty deaf; HARD

SWEARING, swearing (as a witness) persistently to what is false, perjury;

HARD UP, short of money.--BE HARD PUT TO IT, to be in great straits or

difficulty; DIE HARD, to die only after a desperate struggle for life.

[A.S. _heard_; Dut. _hard_, Ger. _hart_, Goth. _hardus_; allied to Gr.

_kratys_, strong.]

HARDOCK. See HARLOCK.

HARDS, härdz, _n.pl._ also HURDS, coarse or refuse flax or hemp from which

is made the coarse fabric HARD'EN, HERD'EN, HURD'EN.

HARDY, härd'i, _adj._ daring, brave, resolute: confident: impudent: able to

bear cold, exposure, or fatigue.--_ns._ HARD'IHOOD, HARD'INESS, HARD'IMENT

(_arch._).--_adv._ HARD'ILY. [O. Fr. _hardi_--Old High Ger. _hartjan_, to

make hard.]

HARE, h[=a]r, _n._ a common and very timid animal, with a divided upper lip

and long hind-legs, which runs swiftly by leaps.--_ns._ HARE-AND-HOUNDS, a

boys' game in which some set off on a long run across country, dropping

pieces of paper (the scent) as they go, and others try to overtake,

following their trail; HARE'BELL, a plant with blue bell-shaped

flowers.--_adjs._ HARE'-BRAINED, giddy: heedless; HARE'-FOOT, swift of foot

like a hare; HAR'ISH, somewhat like a hare.--_n._ HARE'-LIP, a fissure in

the upper human lip like that of a hare.--_adj._ HARE'-LIPPED.--_n._

HARE'S'-EAR, a genus of umbelliferous plants having yellow flowers.--FIRST

CATCH YOUR HARE, make sure you have a thing first before you think what to

do with it--from a direction in Mrs Glasse's cookery-book, where catch,

however, was a misprint for 'case'=skin; HOLD WITH THE HARE AND RUN WITH

THE HOUNDS, to play a double and deceitful game, to be with both sides at

once; JUGGED HARE, hare cut into pieces and stewed with wine and other

seasoning; MAD AS A MARCH HARE, from the gambols of the hare during the

breeding season. [A.S. _hara_; Dut. _haas_, Dan. _hare_, Ger. _hase_.]

HARELD, har'eld, _n._ a genus of northern sea-ducks. [Norw.

_havella_--_hav_, sea.]

HAREM, h[=a]'rem, _n._ the portion of a Mohammedan house allotted to

females: the collection of wives and concubines belonging to one Mussulman.

[Ar. _haram_, anything forbidden--_harama_, to forbid.]

HARICOT, har'i-ko, -kot, _n._ a kind of ragout or stew of mutton and beans

or other vegetables: the kidney-bean or French bean. [Fr. _haricot_.]

HARI-KARI, an incorrect form of _hara-kiri_.

HARK, härk, _interj._ or _imper._ listen.--_n._ a whisper.--_n._

HARK'-BACK, a backward move.--HARK BACK, to revert to the original point.

[_Hearken_.]

HARL, härl, _n._ the skin of flax: any filamentous substance.

HARL, härl, _v.t._ (_Scot._) to drag along the ground: to rough-cast a wall

with lime.--_v.i._ to drag one's self: to troll for fish.--_n._ act of

dragging: a small quantity, a scraping of anything.

HARLEIAN, har-l[=e]'an, här'li-an, _adj._ pertaining to Robert _Harley_,

Earl of Oxford (1661-1724), and his son, Edward Harley, esp. in reference

to the library of books and MSS. collected by them--the latter in the

British Museum since 1753.

HARLEQUIN, här'le-kwin, or -kin, _n._ the leading character in a pantomime,

the lover of Columbine, in a tight spangled dress, with a wand, by means of

which he is supposed to be invisible and to play tricks: a buffoon.--_v.i._

to play the harlequin.--_n._ HARLEQUIN[=A]DE', the portion of a pantomime

in which the harlequin plays a chief part.--HARLEQUIN DUCK, a species of

northern sea-duck, so called from its variegated markings. [Fr.

_harlequin_, _arlequin_ (It. _arlecchino_), prob. the same as O. Fr.

_Hellequin_, a devil in medieval legend, perh. of Teut. origin.]

HARLOCK, här'lok, _n._ (_Shak._) a flower not identified, not charlock=wild

mustard, or _hardock_=burdock.

HARLOT, här'lot, _n._ a woman who prostitutes her body for hire, a

whore.--_adj._ wanton: lewd.--_n._ HAR'LOTRY, prostitution, unchastity:

(_obs._) a woman given to such: meretriciousness. [O. Fr. _herlot_,

_arlot_, a base fellow; origin dub., perh. from Old High Ger. _karl_ (A.S.

_ceorl_).]

HARM, härm, _n._ injury: moral wrong.--_v.t._ to injure.--_adj._ HARM'FUL,

hurtful.--_adv._ HARM'FULLY.--_n._ HARM'FULNESS.--_adj._ HARM'LESS, not

injurious, innocent: unharmed.--_adv._ HARM'LESSLY.--_n._ HARM'LESSNESS.

[A.S. _hearm_; Ger. _harm_.]

HARMALA, här'ma-la, _n._ wild rue--also HAR'MEL.--_ns._ HAR'MALINE, a white

crystalline alkaloid obtained from the seeds of wild rue; HAR'MALOL,

HAR'MINE, other alkaloids from the same source. [Gr., from Semitic; cf. Ar.

_harmil_.]

HARMAN, här'man, _n._ (_slang_) a policeman--also HAR'MAN-BECK: (_pl._) the

stocks.

HARMATTAN, har-mat'an, _n._ a hot, dry, noxious wind which blows

periodically from the interior of Africa to the Atlantic along the Guinea

coast during December, January, and February. [Fanti.]

HARMONIC, -AL, har-mon'ik, -al, _adj._ pertaining to harmony: musical:

concordant: recurring periodically.--_n._ a secondary tone, overtone; a

note on a stringed instrument produced by lightly stopping a string:

(_math._) one of a class of functions that enter into the development of

the potential of a nearly spherical mass due to its attraction.--_adv._

HARMON'ICALLY.--_n.pl._ HARMON'ICS, used as _sing._ the science of harmony

or of musical sounds--as _pl._ consonances, the component sounds included

in what appears to the ear to be a single sound.--_adj._ HARM[=O]'NIOUS,

having harmony: symmetrical, congruous: concordant.--_adv._

HARM[=O]'NIOUSLY.--_ns._ HARM[=O]'NIOUSNESS; HARMONIS[=A]'TION.--_v.i._

HAR'MON[=I]SE, to be in harmony: to agree.--_v.t._ to make in harmony: to

cause to agree: (_mus._) to provide parts to.--_ns._ HARMON[=I]S'ER;

HAR'MONIST, one skilled in harmony: a musical composer.--HARMONIC ENGINE,

an invention of Edison's, in which the energy of an electric current is

used, by means of two small electro-magnets, to keep up the vibrations of a

large and heavily-weighted tuning-fork whose arms are connected with two

pistons working a miniature pump; HARMONIC PROGRESSION, a series of numbers

the reciprocals of which are in arithmetical progression; HARMONIC

PROPORTION, the relation of three quantities in harmonic progression--the

2d a _harmonic mean_ between the 1st and 3d, as in the three numbers 2, 3,

and 6; HARMONIC TRIAD, the common chord.

HARMONIUM, har-m[=o]'ni-um, _n._ a reed-organ, esp. one in which the air is

compressed in the bellows and driven thence through the reeds.--_ns._

HARMON'ICA, the musical glasses--an instrument invented by Franklin, the

sounds of which were produced from bell-shaped glasses placed on a

framework that revolved on its centre, while the rims were touched by the

moistened finger: a musical instrument consisting of a series of glass or

metal plates played by striking with a small mallet: a mouth-organ or

harmonicon; HARMON'ICON, a mouth-organ: an acoustic apparatus by which a

musical note is evolved when a long dry tube, open at both ends, is held

over a jet of burning hydrogen; HARMON'IPHONE, a musical instrument played

with a keyboard, in which the sounds are produced by reeds set in a tube,

and vibrating under pressure from the breath; HARM[=O]'NIUMIST, one who

plays the harmonium; HARMON'OGRAPH, an instrument for tracing curves

representing sonorous vibrations; HARMONOM'ETER, one for measuring the

harmonic relations of sounds.

HARMONY, här'mo-ni, _n._ a fitting together of parts so as to form a

connected whole, agreement in relation: in art, a normal state of

completeness and order in the relations of things to each other: (_mus._) a

simultaneous combination of accordant sounds: the whole chordal structure

of a piece, as distinguished from its melody or its rhythm: concord, music

in general: a collation of parallel passages regarding the same event

arranged to demonstrate the substantial unity--as of the Gospels.--HARMONY,

or MUSIC, OF THE SPHERES, a harmony formed by the regular movements of the

heavenly bodies throughout space, determined by the relation to each other

of the intervals of separation; PRE-ESTABLISHED HARMONY, the designation of

Leibnitz for his theory of the divinely established relation between body

and mind--the movements of monads and the succession of ideas, as it were a

constant agreement between two clocks. [Fr.,--L.,--Gr.

_harmonia_--_harmos_, a fitting--_arein_, to fit.]

HARMOST, här'most, _n._ a Spartan governor of a subject city or

province.--_n._ HAR'MOSTY; the office of such.

HARMOTOME, här'm[=o]-t[=o]m, _n._ a hydrous silicate of aluminium and

barium.--Also _Cross-stone_.

HARNESS, här'nes, _n._ the equipments of a horse: formerly, the armour of a

man or horse: equipment for any kind of labour.--_v.t._ to equip with

armour: to put the harness on a horse.--_n._ HAR'NESS-CASK, a tub, a cask

with rimmed cover on a ship's deck holding the salt meat for daily

use.--DIE IN HARNESS, to die at one's work. [O. Fr. _harneis_, armour;

dubiously referred to Celt., as in Bret. _harnez_, old iron, also armour.]

HARNS, härnz, _n.pl._ (_Scot._) the brains. [A.S. _hærnes_, most prob.

Norse _hjarne_; cf. Ger. _hirn_.]

HARO, hä'ro, _n._ an old term for a form of appeal in the Channel Islands,

a demand for protection against harm, or for assistance to arrest an

adversary.--Also HA'ROW, HAR'ROW (_Spens._), a mere exclamation of

distress. [O. Fr. _haro_, _harou_, of unknown origin; not _ha Rou!_ an

appeal to Rolf, Rollo, or Rou, the first Duke of Normandy.]

HARP, härp, _n._ a musical stringed instrument much esteemed by the

ancients.--_v.i._ to play on the harp: to dwell tediously upon

anything.--_v.t._ to give voice to.--_ns._ HARP'ER, HARP'IST, a player on

the harp.--_n.pl._ HARP'INGS (_naut._), the fore-parts of the wales

surrounding the bow extensions of the rib-bands.--_n._ HARP'-SHELL, a genus

of gasteropodous molluscs with inflated shell.--HARP ON ONE STRING, to

dwell constantly on one topic. [A.S. _hearpe_; Ger. _harfe_.]

HARPOON, här-p[=oo]n', _n._ a dart for striking and killing whales.--_v.t._

to strike with the harpoon.--_ns._ HARPOON'ER, HARPOONEER', one who uses a

harpoon; HARPOON'-GUN, a gun from which a harpoon or toggle-iron may be

discharged. [Fr. _harpon_--_harpe_, a clamp--L. _harpa_, Gr. _harp[=e]_,

sickle.]

HARPSICHORD, härp'si-kord, _n._ an old-fashioned keyed musical instrument,

where the sound is produced by the twitching of the strings by a piece of

crow-quill or hard leather. [O. Fr. _harpechorde_.]

HARPY, här'pi, _n._ (_myth._) a rapacious and filthy monster, with the body

of a woman and the wings, feet, and claws of a bird of prey, considered as

a minister of the vengeance of the gods: (_her._) a vulture with the head

and breast of a woman: a South American eagle, larger than the golden

eagle, and of great strength and rapacity: a rapacious person. [L.

_harp[=y]ia_--Gr., pl. _harpyiai_, 'snatchers,' symbols of the

storm-wind--_harpazein_, to seize.]

HARQUEBUS, HARQUEBUSE, HARQUEBUSS, här'kwi-bus, _n._ Same as ARQUEBUSE.

HARRIDAN, har'i-dan, _n._ a vixenish old woman. [Prob. O. Fr. _haridelle_,

a lean horse, a jade.]

HARRIER, har'i-[.e]r, _n._ a small kind of dog with a keen smell, for

hunting hares: (_pl._) a name taken by some clubs of cross-country runners

(see HARE-AND-HOUNDS). [Formed from _hare_, like _graz-i-er_.]

HARROVIAN, har-[=o]'vi-an, _adj._ pertaining to _Harrow_.--_n._ one

educated at the public school there.

HARROW, har'[=o], _n._ a frame of wood or iron toothed with spikes for

smoothing and pulverising ploughed land, and for covering seeds

sown.--_v.t._ to draw a harrow over: to harass: to tear.--_adj._

HARR'OWING, acutely distressing to the mind.--_adv._ HARR'OWINGLY.--_n._

CHAIN'-HARR'OW, a harrow composed of rings for breaking clods of

earth.--UNDER THE HARROW, in distress or anxiety. [A.S. _hearge_; cf. Ice.

_herfi_, Dan. _harv_.]

HARROW. See HARO.

HARRY, har'i, _v.t._ to plunder: to ravage: to destroy: to harass:--_pr.p._

harr'ying; _pa.p._ harr'ied.--_n._ HARR'IER, one who, or that which,

harries: a kind of hawk so named from its harrying or destroying small

animals.--HARRYING, or HARROWING, OF HELL, the spoiling of hell, the

delivery by Christ, upon His descent into hell after the crucifixion, of

the souls of patriarchs and prophets there held in bondage by Satan (1 Pet.

iii. 19)--a favourite subject of Christian art, and of our own medieval

writers of Mysteries. [A.S. _hergian_, from A.S. _here_, gen. _herg-es_, an

army; Ger. _heer_.]

HARSH, härsh, _adj._ rough: bitter: jarring: abusive: severe:

unkind.--_v.t._ HARSH'EN, to render harsh.--_adv._ HARSH'LY.--_n._

HARSH'NESS. [M. E. _harsk_, a northern word; cf. Sw. _härsk_ and Dan.

_harsk_, rancid, Ger. _harsch_, hard.]

HART, härt, _n._ the stag or male deer from the age of six years, when the

crown or sur-royal antler begins to appear:--_fem._ HIND.--_ns._

HART'EBEEST, HART'BEEST, a South African antelope; HARTS'HORN, the antlers

of the red deer: a solution of ammonia, orig. a decoction of the shavings

of a hart's horn; HARTS'TONGUE, a genus of widely distributed ferns, one

species native to Britain, common in moist woods.--HART OF GREASE, a hart

of the season when fat. [A.S. _heort_; Dut. _hert_, Ger. _hirsch_.]

HARUM-SCARUM, h[=a]'rum-sk[=a]'rum, _adj._ flighty: rash.--_n._ a giddy,

rash person. [Prob. compounded of _hare_, from the sense of haste and

fright, and _scare_.]

HARUSPEX, ha-rus'peks, _n._ (_pl._ HARUS'PICES) a soothsayer or diviner

among the Etruscans, and from them adopted by the Romans, who foretold

future events from the inspection of the entrails of animals offered in

sacrifice--also HARUS'PICE.--_ns._ HARUSPIC[=A]'TION, HARUS'PICY,

divination as by a haruspex. [L., from an assumed _haru_, cog. with Sans.

_hirâ_, entrails, and L. _spec[)e]re_, to view.]

HARVEST, här'vest, _n._ the time of gathering in the ripened crops: the

crops gathered in: fruits: the product of any labour: consequences.--_v.t._

to reap and gather in.--_ns._ HAR'VEST-BUG, -LOUSE, -TICK, a mite or tick

of minute size, abundant late in summer, and very troublesome to people

with delicate skins; HAR'VESTER, a reaper in harvests; HAR'VEST-FEAST, the

feast made at the ingathering of harvest; HAR'VEST-FIELD, a field where a

harvest is or has been; HAR'VEST-FLY, in U.S. the popular name for a

species of cicada; HAR'VEST-HOME, the bringing home of the harvest: the

feast held at the bringing home of the harvest; HAR'VEST-LORD, the

head-reaper at the harvest; HAR'VEST-MAN (_B._), a labourer in harvest;

HAR'VEST-MOON, the full moon nearest the autumnal equinox, rising nearly at

the same hour for several days; HAR'VEST-MOUSE, a very small species of

mouse, building its nest in the stalks of growing corn; HAR'VEST-QUEEN, an

image of Ceres, the queen or goddess of fruits, in ancient times carried

about on the last day of harvest. [A.S. _hærfest_; Ger. _herbs_t, Dut.

_herfst_.]

HAS, haz, 3d pers. sing. pres. ind. of _have_.

HASH, hash, _v.t._ to hack: to mince: to chop small.--_n._ that which is

hashed: a mixed dish of meat and vegetables in small pieces: a mixture and

preparation of old matter: (_Scot._) a stupid fellow.--_adj._ HASH'Y.--MAKE

A HASH OF, to spoil or ruin completely; SETTLE A PERSON'S HASH (_slang_),

to silence him: to make an end of him. [O. Fr.,--Fr. _hacher_--_hache_,

hatchet.]

HASHISH, hash'ish, -[=e]sh, _n._ name given to the leaves of the Indian

hemp, from which an intoxicating preparation is made. See BHANG and

ASSASSIN. [Ar.]

HASK, hask, _n._ (_Spens._) a fish-basket made of rushes. [Prob. from root

of _hassock_.]

HASLET, has'let, _n._ the edible entrails of an animal, esp. the hog.--Also

HARS'LET. [O. Fr. _hastelet_, _haste_, a spit--L. _hasta_, a spear.]

HASP, hasp, _n._ a clasp: the clasp of a padlock: a spindle: a skein of

yarn.--_v.t._ to fasten with a hasp. [A.S. _hæpse_; Dan. and Ger. _haspe_.]

HASSOCK, has'uk, _n._ a thick cushion used as a footstool or for kneeling

on in church: Kentish rag-stone. [A.S. _hassuc_; prob. W. _hesg_, sedge.]

HAST, hast, 2d pers. sing. pres. ind. of _have_.

HASTATE, -D, hast'[=a]t, -ed, _adj._ (_bot._) spear-shaped.--Also

HAST'IFORM. [L. _hast[=a]tus_--_hasta_, spear.]

HASTE, h[=a]st, _n._ speed, quickness, a hurry: rashness:

vehemence.--_vs.t._ HASTE, HASTEN (h[=a]s'n), to put to speed: to hurry on:

to drive forward.--_vs.i._ to move with speed: to be in a hurry:--_pr.p._

h[=a]st'ing, hastening (h[=a]s'ning); _pa.p._ h[=a]st'ed, hastened

(h[=a]s'nd).--_n._ HAST'ENER.--_adv._ HAST'ILY.--_n._ HAST'INESS, hurry:

rashness: irritability.--_adj._ HAST'Y, speedy: quick: rash: eager:

passionate.--_n._ HAST'Y-PUDD'ING, flour, milk, or oatmeal and water

porridge.--_adj._ HAST'Y-WIT'TED, rash.--MAKE HASTE, to hasten. [O. Fr.

_haste_ (Fr. _hâte_), from Teut.; cf. A.S. _h['æ]st_, Dut. _haast_, Ger.

_hast_.]

HAT, hat, _n._ a covering for the head, generally with crown and brim: the

dignity of a cardinal, so named from his red hat.--_v.t._ to provide with,

or cover with, a hat.--_ns._ HAT'BAND, the ribbon round a hat, often a

mourning-band; HAT'-BOX, a box in which a hat is carried; HAT'-PEG, -RACK,

-RAIL, -STAND, &c., a contrivance on which hats are hung.--_adj._ HAT'TED,

covered with a hat.--_ns._ HAT'TER, one who makes or sells hats: a miner

who works by himself; HAT'TING, giving a hat; HAT'-TRICK, any conjurer's

trick with a hat: a House of Commons mode of securing a seat by placing

one's hat on it: in cricket, the feat of a bowler who takes three wickets

by three successive balls--deserving a new hat.--CHIMNEY-POT, COCKED, and

CRUSHED HAT (see CHIMNEY, COCK, CRUSH).--HANG UP ONE'S HAT (see HANG); MAD

AS A HATTER, completely insane: very angry; PASS ROUND THE HAT, to beg for

contributions, to take up a collection. [A.S. _hæt_, Dan. _hat_.]

HATCH, hach, _n._ a door with an opening over it, a wicket or door made of

cross-bars; the covering of a hatchway.--_v.t._ to close as with a

hatch.--_ns._ HATCH'-BOAT, a kind of half-decked fishing-boat; HATCH'WAY,

the opening in a ship's deck into the hold, or from one deck to

another.--UNDER HATCHES, below deck, off duty, under arrest. [A.S. _hæc_, a

gate; Dut. _hek_, a gate.]

HATCH, hach, _v.t._ to produce, especially from eggs, by incubation: to

originate: to plot.--_v.i._ to produce young: to be advancing towards

maturity.--_n._ act of hatching: brood hatched.--_ns._ HATCH'ER, one who,

or that which, hatches; HATCH'ERY, a place for hatching eggs, esp. those of

fish, by artificial means.--COUNT THE CHICKENS BEFORE THEY ARE HATCHED, to

depend too securely on some future and uncertain event. [Early M. E.

_hacchen_, from an assumed A.S. _hæccean_; cf. Mid. High Ger. _hecken_, Sw.

_häcka_.]

HATCH, hach, _v.t._ to shade by minute lines crossing each other in drawing

and engraving.--_n._ HATCH'ING, the mode of so shading. [O. Fr. _hacher_,

to chop.]

HATCHEL, hach'el, _n._ and _v._ Same as HACKLE.

HATCHET, hach'et, _n._ a small axe used by one hand.--_adjs._

HATCH'ET-FACED, having a thin, sharp-featured face; HATCH'ETY, like a

hatchet.--BURY THE HATCHET, to put an end to war, from the habit of the

North American Indians. [Fr. _hachette_, _hacher_, to chop.]

[Illustration]

HATCHMENT, hach'ment, _n._ the arms of a deceased person within a black

lozenge-shaped frame, meant to be placed on the front of his house.

[Corrupted from _achievement_.]

HATE, h[=a]t, _v.t._ to dislike intensely: to dislike: to despise

relatively to something else.--_n._ extreme dislike: hatred.--_adjs._

HATE'ABLE, deserving to be hated; HATE'FUL, exciting hate: odious:

detestable: feeling or manifesting hate.--_adv._ HATE'FULLY.--_ns._

HATE'FULNESS; HAT'ER; HAT'RED, extreme dislike: enmity: malignity. [A.S.

_hete_, hate, _hatian_, to hate; Ger. _hasz_.]

HATE, HAET, h[=a]t, _n._ (_Scot._) a whit.

HATHOR, hath'or, _n._ name of an Egyptian goddess, ranked among the second

class of deities, who was the daughter of Ra, the sun.

HATTER, hat'[.e]r, _v.t._ to trouble, annoy: to batter.

HATTI, hat'i, _n._ a Turkish decree of the highest authority, differing

from a firman in being signed by the Sultan himself--in full, HATTI-SHERIF

(sher-[=e]f').

HAUBERK, haw'b[.e]rk, _n._ a tunic, worn by the Norman soldiers, covered

with rings or mascles, reaching to the knees, slit at the sides or in the

front and back for convenience in riding, though sometimes ending in short

trousers, originally a piece of armour for the neck. [O. Fr. _hauberc_--Old

High Ger. _halsberg_--_hals_, neck, _bergan_, to protect.]

HAUGH, häh, _n._ (_Scot._) a level plain, generally near a river. [A.S.

_healh_, _halh_, a corner.]

HAUGHTY, haw'ti, _adj._ proud: arrogant: contemptuous: (_arch._) bold:

(_Spens._) high--Shakespeare has HAUGHT.--_adv._ HAUGHT'ILY.--_n._

HAUGHT'INESS. [O. Fr. _halt_, _haut_, high--L. _altus_, high.]

HAUL, hawl, _v.t._ to drag: to pull with violence.--_v.i._ to tug, to try

to draw something: to alter a ship's course, to sail generally.--_n._ a

pulling: a draught, as of fishes: a source of interest or profit.--_ns._

HAUL'AGE, act of hauling: charge for hauling or pulling a ship or boat;

HAUL'ER, HAUL'IER.--HAUL OVER THE COALS (see COAL); HAUL OFF, or ROUND, to

turn a ship's course away from an object; HAUL UP, to come or bring to rest

after hauling. [_Hale_.]

HAULD, häld, a Scotch form of _hold_, as in the prov. phrase, 'out of house

and hauld'=homeless and completely destitute.

HAULM. See HALM.

HAULT, hawlt, _adj._ (_Spens._). HAUGHTY.

HAUNCH, hawnsh, _n._ the fleshy part of the hip and buttock: (_Shak._) the

hip, the hind-part, the rear: (_archit._) the middle part between the

vertex or crown and the springing of an arch.--_adjs._ HAUNCH'LESS;

HAUNCH'Y. [O. Fr. _hanche_; prob. Ger., Old High Ger. _anchâ_, leg.]

HAUNCH, hawnsh, _v.t._ (_prov._) to throw with an underhand movement.--_n._

a jerked underhand throw.

HAUNT, hawnt, _v.t._ to frequent: to follow importunately: to intrude upon

continually: to inhabit or visit as a ghost.--_v.i._ to be much about: to

appear or visit frequently.--_n._ a place much resorted to: (_Shak._) habit

of frequenting.--_p.adj_ HAUNT'ED, frequented, infested, esp. by ghosts or

apparitions.--_n._ HAUNT'ER.--_adv._ HAUNT'INGLY. [O. Fr. _hanter_; acc. to

Littré, a corr. of L. _habit[=a]re_.]

HAUSTELLUM, haws-tel'um, _n._ the sucking organ or proboscis of an insect

or a crustacean:--_pl._ HAUSTELLA.--_adj._ HAUS'TELLATE, provided with

such.

HAUSSMANNIZE, hows'man-[=i]z, _v.t._ to open out, widen, and straighten

streets, and generally rebuild, as Baron _Haussmann_ did to Paris when

prefect of the Seine (1853-70).--_n._ HAUSSMANNIZ[=A]'TION.

HAUSTORIUM, haws-t[=o]'ri-um, _n._ a small sucker of a parasitic plant,

penetrating the tissues of the host:--_pl._ HAUST[=O]'RIA.

HAUTBOY, h[=o]'boi, _n._ an older form of Oboe (q.v.): a large kind of

strawberry. [Fr. _hautbois_--_haut_, high, _bois_, wood.]

HAUTEUR, h[=o]-t[=a]r', _n._ haughtiness: arrogance.--_adj._ HAUT

(_Milt._), haughty.--_ns._ HAUT-GOÛT, flavour, spice, a taint: a highly

seasoned dish; HAUT-PAS, a dais; HAUT'-RELIEF', high relief.--HAUT TON,

high fashion, people of high fashion. [Fr.]

HAÜYNE, hä'win, _n._ a rock-forming mineral, a silicate of alumina and soda

or lime, with sodium and calcium sulphate. [Named from René Just _Haüy_, a

French mineralogist (1743-1822).]

HAVANA, ha-van'a, _n._ a fine quality of cigar, named from _Havana_, the

capital of Cuba, fondly supposed to be made there.--Also HAVANN'A(H).

HAVE, hav, _v.t._ to own or possess: to hold, contain: to hold control of:

to grasp the meaning of: to allow to be done, to cause: to regard, hold in

opinion, esteem: to obtain: to enjoy: to bear or beget: to effect: to be

affected by: to get the better of, outwit, to have hold upon:--_pr.p._

hav'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._ had.--_ns._ HAV'ER, one who has or possesses,

a holder: (_Scots law_) a term to denote the person in whose custody a

document is; HAV'ING, act of possessing: possession, estate: behaviour:

(_Scot._ esp. in _pl._) good manners.--_adj._ greedy.--Have as good, lief,

to be as willing; HAVE AT, attack, thrust; HAVE DONE (_with_), to come to

the end of one's dealings; HAVE IT OUT, to have something finally settled;

HAVE ON, to wear; HAVE RATHER, to prefer; HAVE UP, to call to account

before a court of justice, &c. [A.S. _habban_, pa.t. _hæfde,_ pa.p.

_gehæfd_; Ger. _haben_, Dan. _have_.]

HAVELOCK, hav'lok, _n._ a white cover for a military cap, with a long rear

flap as a protection from the sun. [From Gen. Henry _Havelock_, 1795-1857.]

HAVEN, h[=a]'vn, an inlet of the sea, or mouth of a river, where ships can

get good and safe anchorage: any place of safety: an asylum.--_v.t._ to

shelter.--_p.adj._ H[=A]'VENED, sheltered, as in a haven. [A.S. _hæfen_;

Dut. _haven_, Ger. _hafen_.]

HAVER, h[=a]v'[.e]r, _v.i._ (_Scot._) to talk nonsense, or foolishly.--_n._

HAV'EREL, a foolish person.--_n.pl._ HAV'ERS, foolish talk.

HAVERSACK, hav'[.e]r-sak, _n._ a bag of strong linen for a soldier carrying

his rations in.--_n._ HAV'ER (_prov._), oats. [Fr. _havresac_--Ger.

_habersack_, oat-sack--_haber_, _hafer_, oats.]

HAVERSIAN, hav-er'si-an, _adj._ pertaining to or named after Clopton

_Havers_, a 17th-cent. English anatomist who investigated the

blood-vascular system of bone.

HAVILDAR, hav'il-dar, _n._ the highest rank of non-commissioned officer

among native troops in India and Ceylon. [Pers.]

HAVIOUR, h[=a]v'[=u]r, _n._ (_obs._) behaviour.

HAVOC, hav'ok, _n._ general waste or destruction: devastation.--_v.t._ to

lay waste.--_interj._ an ancient hunting or war cry. [O. Fr. _havot_,

plunder, of Teut. origin.]

HAW, haw, _n._ a hedge or enclosure: a field: the berry of the

hawthorn.--_ns._ HAW'-BUCK, a clown; HAW'FINCH, the common grosbeak;

HAW'THORN, a shrub or small tree, much planted both for hedges and for

ornament: the white flower of the hawthorn. [A.S. _haga_, a yard or

enclosure; Dut. _haag_, a hedge, Ger. _hag_, a hedge, Ice. _hagi_, a

field.]

HAW, haw, _v.i._ to speak with hesitation or a drawling manner, real or

affected--hence _adj._ HAW-HAW, in an affected tone of voice.--_n._ a

hesitation in speech: loud vulgar laughter.--_v.i._ to guffaw, to laugh

boisterously. [Imit.]

HAW, haw, _n._ the nictitating membrane or third eyelid, as of a horse;

also a disease of this membrane.

HAWK, hawk, _n._ the name of several birds of prey allied to the falcons: a

rapacious person.--_v.i._ to hunt birds with hawks trained for the purpose:

to attack on the wing.--_ns._ HAWK'-BELL, a small bell attached to a hawk's

leg; HAWK'BIT, a genus of plants of order _Compositæ_, closely related to

the dandelion; HAWK'ER.--_adj._ HAWK'-EYED.--_n._ HAWK'ING.--_adj._

HAWK'ISH.--_n._ HAWK'-MOTH, a very large kind of moth, so called from its

hovering motion.--_adj._ HAWK'-NOSED, having a nose like a hawk's

beak.--_ns._ HAWKS'BEARD, a genus of annual and biennial plants of order

_Compositæ_, closely related to hawkweed; HAWK'WEED, a genus of perennial

plants of order _Compositæ_.--KNOW A HAWK FROM A HANDSAW (prob. for

_hernshaw_), to be able to judge between things pretty well. [A.S. _hafoc_;

Dut. _havik_, Ger. _habicht_, Ice. _haukr_.]

HAWK, hawk, _v.i._ to force up matter from the throat.--_n._ the effort to

do this. [_Imit._]

HAWK, hawk, _n._ a plasterer's tool.

HAWKED, hawkt, _adj._ (_Scot._) spotted, streaked.--_ns._ HAW'KEY, HAW'KIE,

a dark cow with white-striped face.

HAWKER, hawk'[.e]r, _n._ one who carries about goods for sale on his back,

a pedlar.--_v.t._ HAWK, to carry about for sale: to cry for sale. [Cf. Low

Ger. and Ger. _höker_, Dut. _heuker_.]

HAWM, hawm, _v.i._ (_prov._) to lounge about.

HAWSE, hawz, _n._ the part of a vessel's bow in which the hawse-holes are

cut.--_n.pl._ HAWSE'-HOLES, the holes in a ship's bow through which the

cables pass.--_ns._ HAWSE'-PIPE, an iron pipe fitted into a hawse-hole, to

save the wood; HAWSE'-TIM'BER, one of the upright timbers in the bow in

which the hawse-holes are cut. [Ice. _háls_, the neck.]

HAWSER, häz'[.e]r, _n._ a small cable, a large rope used in

warping.--_adj._ HAWS'ER-LAID, made of three small ropes laid up into one.

[O. Fr. _haucier_, _haulser_, to raise--Low L. _altiare_--L. _altus_,

high.]

HAWTHORN. See HAW.

HAY, h[=a], _n._ grass cut down and dried for fodder.--_ns._ HAY'COCK, a

conical pile of hay in the field; HAY'-F[=E]'VER, an ailment mostly met

with in early summer, marked by excessive irritation of the nose, throat,

&c., and accompanied with violent sneezing and intense headache--also

called HAY'-ASTH'MA; HAY'FIELD, a field where hay is made; HAY'-FORK, a

long-handled fork used in turning over hay to dry, or in lifting it;

HAY'-KNIFE, a broad knife, with a handle set cross-wise at one end, used

for cutting hay from a stack; HAY'-LOFT, a loft in which hay is kept;

HAY'-MAK'ER, one employed in cutting and drying grass for hay: (_pl._) a

kind of country-dance; HAY'-MAK'ING; HAY'-MOW, a rick of hay: a mass of hay

stored in a barn; HAY'-RICK, a pile of hay; HAY'-STACK, a stack of hay;

HAY'-TED'DER, a machine for scattering hay and exposing it to the sun and

air.--LOOK FOR A NEEDLE IN A HAY-STACK, to look for something where it is

barely possible to be found; MAKE HAY, to throw things into confusion; MAKE

HAY WHILE THE SUN SHINES, to seize a favourable opportunity. [A.S. _híeg_,

_híg_, _hég_; Ger. _heu_, Dut. _hooï_, Ice. _hey_.]

HAY, h[=a], _n._ a hedge, fence.--_n._ HAY'-WARD, one who herded the common

cattle of a town. [A.S. _hege_--_haga_, a hedge.]

HAY, h[=a], _n._ (_Shak._) a home-thrust in fencing. [It. _hai_,

_avere_--L. _hab[=e]re_, to have.]

HAY, h[=a], _n._ a country-dance with winding movement.

HAZARD, haz'ard, _n._ a game played with a dice-box and two dice by any

number of players: chance: accident: risk: (_billiards_) the pocketing of

the object ball (_winning_ hazard), of the player's own ball after contact

(_losing_ hazard): (_tennis_) the side of the court into which the ball is

served: (_golf_) a general term for all difficulties on a

golf-links--bunkers, long grass, roads, water, whins, &c.--_v.t._ to expose

to chance: to risk: to venture.--_v.i._ to run a risk.--_adj._

HAZ'ARDABLE.--_n._ HAZ'ARDISE (_Spens._), hazard.--_adj._ HAZ'ARDOUS,

dangerous: perilous: uncertain.--_adv_. HAZ'ARDOUSLY.--_ns._

HAZ'ARDOUSNESS; HAZ'ARDRY (_Spens._), playing at games of hazard or chance:

rashness; CHICK'EN-HAZ'ARD, a game of chance with very small stakes. [O.

Fr. _hasard_; prob. through the Sp. from Arab. _al z[=a]r_, the die; but

Littré favours William of Tyre's derivation from _Hasart_, a castle in

Syria, where the game was discovered during the Crusades.]

HAZE, h[=a]z, _n._ vapour which renders the air thick: obscurity.--_v.i._

to form a haze.--_adv._ HAZ'ILY.--_n._ HAZ'INESS.--_adj._ HAZ'Y, thick with

haze: obscure: confused (of the mind). [App. not the A.S. _hasu_, _haswe_,

gray; prob. Ice. _höss_, gray.]

HAZE, h[=a]z, _v.t._ to vex with needless tasks: to play tricks upon, to

bully.--_ns._ HAZ'ER, a player of boorish pranks and practical jokes;

HAZ'ING, brutal horse-play. [O. Fr. _haser_, to annoy.]

HAZEL, h[=a]'zl, _n._ a bush or small tree of genus _Corylus_, of the oak

family (_Cupuliferæ_), yielding an ovoid bony nut enclosed in a leafy

involucre.--_adj._ pertaining to the hazel: of a light-brown colour, like a

hazel-nut.--_n._ H[=A]'ZELINE, an alcoholic distillate from the Witch

Hazel.--_adj._ H[=A]'ZELLY, light brown like the hazel-nut.--_n._

H[=A]'ZEL-NUT, the nut of the hazel-tree. [A.S. _hæsel_; Ger. _hasel_, Ice.

_hasl_, L. _corulus_.]

HE, h[=e], _pron._ of the third person: the male person named before: a

male person or animal.--_adj._ male. [A.S. _hé_; Dut. _hij_, Ice. _hann_.]

HEAD, hed, _n._ the uppermost or foremost part of an animal's body: the

brain: the understanding: a chief or leader: the place of honour or

command: the front or top of anything: an individual animal or person: a

topic or chief point of a discourse: a title, heading: the source or

spring: height of the source of water: highest point of anything:

culmination: a cape: strength: a froth on beer, porter, &c., when poured

into a glass.--_v.t._ to act as a head to, to lead or govern: to go in

front of: to commence: to check: (_naut._) to be contrary: (_obs._) to

behead.--_v.i._ to grow to a head: to originate: to go head foremost.--_n._

HEAD'ACHE, an internal pain in the head.--_adj._ HEAD'ACHY, afflicted with

headaches.--_ns._ HEAD'BAND, a band or fillet for the head: the band at

each end of a book: a thin slip of iron on the tympan of a printing-press;

HEAD'-BLOCK, in a sawmill carriage, a cross-block on which the head of the

log rests: a piece of wood in a carriage, connected with the spring and the

perches, and joining the fore-gear and the hind-gear; HEAD'-BOARD, a board

placed at the head of anything, esp. a bedstead; HEAD'-BOOM, a jib-boom or

a flying jib-boom; HEAD'BOR'OUGH, an old term for the head of a borough,

the chief of a frank pledge, tithing, or decennary; HEAD'-BOY, the senior

boy in a public school; HEAD'CHAIR, a high-backed chair with a rest for the

head; HEAD'-CHEESE, pork-cheese, brawn; HEAD'-CHUTE, a canvas tube used to

convey refuse matter from a ship's bows down to the water; HEAD'-CLOTH, a

piece of cloth covering the head, wound round a turban, &c.; HEAD'-DRESS,

an ornamental dress or covering for the head, worn by women.--_p.adj._

HEAD'ED, having a head: (_Shak._) come to a head.--_ns._ HEAD'ER, one who

puts a head on something: a dive, head foremost, into water: a brick laid

lengthwise along the thickness of a wall, serving as a bond: a heavy stone

extending through the thickness of a wall; HEAD'-FAST, a rope at the bows

of a ship used to fasten it to a wharf, &c.; HEAD'-FRAME, the structure

over a mine-shaft supporting the head-gear or winding machinery;

HEAD'-GEAR, gear, covering, or ornament of the head; HEAD'-HUNT'ING, the

practice among the Dyaks of Borneo, &c., of making raids to procure human

heads for trophies, &c.--_adv._ HEAD'ILY.--_ns._ HEAD'INESS; HEAD'ING, the

act of furnishing with a head; that which stands at the head: material

forming a head; HEAD'LAND, a point of land running out into the sea: a

cape.--_adj._ HEAD'LESS, without a head.--_ns._ HEAD'-LIGHT, a light

carried in front of a vessel, locomotive, or vehicle, as a signal, or for

light; HEAD'-LINE, the line at the head or top of a page containing the

folio or number of the page: (_pl._) the sails and ropes next the yards

(_naut._).--_adv._ HEAD'LONG, with the head foremost or first: without

thought, rashly: precipitately.--_adj._ rash: precipitous, steep.--_adj._

HEAD'-LUGGED (_Shak._), lugged or dragged along by the head.--_ns._

HEAD'-MAN, a chief, a leader; HEAD'MARK, a characteristic peculiar to a

certain class; HEAD'-MAS'TER, the principal master of a school; HEAD'-MOLD,

the skull proper: (_archit._) a moulding round or over the head of a door,

&c.; HEAD'-MONEY, a tax counted per head: a reward by the head for persons

captured at sea, &c.: a reward for a proscribed outlaw's head.--_adj._

HEAD'MOST, most advanced, or forward.--_ns._ HEAD'-NOTE, a note placed at

the head of a chapter or page, esp. a condensed statement of points of law

involved introductory to the report of a legal decision; HEAD'PIECE, a

helmet: a hat: head, intelligence: (_print._) a decorative engraving placed

at the top of the first page of a volume, and at the beginning of books,

chapters, &c.; HEAD'-PUMP, a small pump at a ship's bows to pump up

sea-water for washing decks.--_n.pl._ HEAD'QUARTERS, the quarters or

residence of a commander-in-chief or general.--_ns._ HEAD'-RACE, the race

which brings the water to a water-wheel; HEAD'-REACH, the distance to

windward made by a vessel while tacking.--_v.i._ to shoot ahead, in

tacking.--_ns._ HEAD'-REST, a support for the head, esp. the adjustable

apparatus of the barber's chair, and that used by the photographer to

steady the sitter's head; HEAD'-RING, a palm-leaf ornament worn by Kaffir

men in their hair after marriage; HEAD'-SHAKE, a significant shake or

motion of the head; HEAD'-SHIP, the office of a head or chief authority:

dignity; HEADS'MAN, a man who cuts off heads: an executioner; HEAD'STALL,

the part of a bridle round the head; HEAD'-ST[=A]'TION, the dwelling-house,

&c., on an Australian sheep or cattle station; HEAD'-STICK (_print._), a

straight piece of furniture placed at the head of a form, between the chase

and the type; HEAD'STONE, the principal stone of a building: the

corner-stone: the stone at the head of a grave; HEAD'-STREAM, the highest

of the streams which combine to form a river.--_adj._ HEAD'STRONG,

self-willed: obstinate.--_ns._ HEAD'-TIRE, a head-dress; HEAD'-WA'TER, the

highest part of a stream, before receiving affluents; HEAD'WAY, motion

ahead, esp. of a ship; HEAD'-WIND, a wind blowing right against a ship's

head; HEAD'-WORD, a title word or heading usually in distinctive type;

HEAD'-WORK, intellectual labour.--_adj._ HEAD'Y, affecting the head or the

brain: intoxicating: inflamed: rash: violent.--HEAD AND EARS, with the

whole person: completely; HEAD AND SHOULDERS, very much, as if taller by a

head and shoulders: violently; HEAD FOREMOST, with the head first, esp. of

falling from a height; HEAD OR TAIL, the side of a coin with the

sovereign's head, or the reverse: a phrase used in tossing up a coin to

decide a point ('to make neither head nor tail of anything'--to be unable

to understand it); HEAD OVER HEELS, in a somersault.--COME TO A HEAD, to

reach a climax; EAT ONE'S HEAD OFF, to be consumed with mortification; GO

BY THE HEAD, to sink head foremost; HAVE A HEAD ON ONE'S SHOULDERS, to have

brains or ability; HEAD OFF, to prevent by some counteraction; LOSE ONE'S

HEAD, to become very much excited: to lose presence of mind; MAKE HEAD

AGAINST, to resist successfully: to advance; OFF ONE'S HEAD, demented,

crazy; OUT OF ONE'S OWN HEAD, spontaneously; OVER HEAD AND EARS, deeply

engrossed; TURN A PERSON'S HEAD (see TURN). [A.S. _héafod_, Dut. _hoofd_,

Ger. _haupt_.]

HEAL, h[=e]l, _v.t._ to make whole and healthy: to cure: to remove or

subdue what is evil: to restore to soundness, to remedy, repair.--_v.i._ to

grow sound:--_pr.p._ heal'ing; _pa.p._ healed.--_adj._ HEAL'ABLE.--_ns._

HEAL'ER; HEAL'ING, the act or process by which anything is healed or cured:

the power to heal.--_adj._ tending to cure, mild.--_adv._

HEAL'INGLY.--_adj._ HEAL'SOME (_Scot._), wholesome. [A.S. _h['æ]lan_,

_hál_, whole; cf. Ger. _heil_, Dut. _heel_, Ice. _heill_; also Eng. _hail_,

_hale_, _whole_.]

HEALD, h[=e]ld, _n._ the same as Heddle (q.v.).

HEALTH, helth, _n._ wholeness or soundness of body: general state of the

body, as in 'ill health,' 'good health,' soundness and vigour of mind: a

toast, as 'to drink one's health'--to drink to the health of: (_B._)

salvation, or divine favour.--_adj._ HEALTH'FUL, full of or enjoying

health: indicating health: wholesome: salutary.--_adv._ HEALTH'FULLY.--_n._

HEALTH'FULNESS.--_adv._ HEALTH'ILY.--_n._ HEALTH'INESS.--_adj._

HEALTH'LESS, sickly, ailing.--_ns._ HEALTH'LESSNESS; HEALTH'-RESORT', a

place to which people go for the good of their health.--_adjs._ HEALTH'SOME

(_Shak._), healthy, wholesome; HEALTH'Y, in a state of good health:

conducive to health: sound in body or mind: vigorous. [A.S. _hælth_--_hál_,

whole.]

HEAP, h[=e]p, _n._ a pile or mass heaved or thrown together: a great number

of things, a great deal, a collection: (_B._) a ruin.--_v.t._ to throw in a

heap or pile: to amass: to pile above the top:--_pr.p._ heap'ing; _pa.p._

heaped.--_adj._ HEAP'Y, full of heaps.--A HEAP, a good many; KNOCK ALL OF A

HEAP, to confound utterly. [A.S. _héap_: Ice. _hópr_, Ger. _haufe_, Dut.

_hoop_.]

HEAR, h[=e]r, _v.t._ to perceive by the ear: to comprehend: to listen to:

to grant or obey: to answer favourably: to attend to: to try judicially: to

be a hearer of: (_Milt._) to be called.--_v.i._ to have the sense of

hearing: to listen: to be told:--_pr.p._ hear'ing; _pa.t._ and _pa.p._

heard (h[.e]rd).--_ns._ HEAR'ER; HEAR'ING, act of perceiving by the ear:

the sense of perceiving sound: opportunity to be heard: audience: judicial

investigation and hearing of arguments, esp. of trial without a jury: reach

of the ear: (_coll._) a scolding; HEAR'SAY, common talk: rumour:

report.--_adj._ of or pertaining to a report given by others.--_v.i._ to

repeat rumours.--HEAR, HEAR! an exclamation of approval, uttered by the

hearers of a speech; HEARSAY EVIDENCE, evidence at second hand; HEAR TELL

OF, to hear some one speak of; I WILL NOT HEAR OF, I will not listen to the

notion or proposal. [A.S. _hýran_; Dut. _hooren_, Ice. _heyra_, Ger.

_hören_, Goth. _hausjan_.]

HEARKEN, härk'n, _v.i._ to hear attentively: to listen. [A.S. _hýrcnian_,

from _hýran_, to hear; Ger. _horchen_.]

HEARSAL, h[.e]r'sal, _n._ (_Spens._). Same as REHEARSAL.

HEARSE, h[.e]rs, _n._ a carriage in which the dead are conveyed to the

grave: (_orig._) a triangular framework for holding candles at a church

service, and esp. at a funeral service.--_v.t._ to put on or in a

hearse.--_n._ HEARSE'-CLOTH, a pall for a corpse laid on a bier.--_adj._

HEARSE'-LIKE, suitable to a funeral, mournful. [O. Fr. _herse_ (It.

_erpice_)--L. _hirpicem_, accus. of _hirpex_, a harrow.]

HEART, härt, _n._ the organ in animal systems that circulates the blood:

the vital, inner, or chief part of anything: the seat of the affections,

&c., esp. love: the affections: courage: vigour: secret meaning or design:

that which resembles a heart: a person, esp. as implying courage or

affectionateness--a term of endearment or encouragement: anything

heart-shaped, esp. that one of the four suits in a pack of cards bearing a

heart in red.--_v.t._ to encourage, hearten.--_v.i._ to form a compact

head, as a plant.--_ns._ HEART'ACHE, sorrow: anguish; HEART'-BEAT, a

pulsation of the heart: a throb of emotion, a thought; HEART'-BLOOD, blood

of the heart: life, essence; HEART'-BOND, in masonry, a bond in which one

header overlaps two others; HEART'-BREAK, a sorrow or grief.--_v.t._ to

break the heart of.--_n._ HEART'-BREAK'ER, a flirt: a curl,

love-lock.--_adjs._ HEART'-BREAK'ING, crushing with grief or sorrow;

HEART'-BROK'EN, intensely afflicted or grieved.--_ns._ HEART'BURN, a

burning, acrid feeling, said to be due to the irritation of the upper end

of the stomach by the fumes of its acrid contents: cardialgia:

HEART'BURNING, discontent: secret enmity.--_adj._ HEART'-DEAR (_Shak._),

dear to the heart, sincerely beloved.--_n._ HEART'-DISEASE', any morbid

condition of the heart, whether of the various tissues composing it, or of

the nervous arrangements governing it.--_adjs._ HEART'-EAS'ING, giving

peace to the mind; HEART'ED, having a heart of a specified kind

(hard-hearted, &c.): seated or fixed in the heart, laid up in the

heart.--_v.t._ HEART'EN, to encourage, stimulate: to add strength

to.--_adjs._ HEART'-FELT, felt deeply: sincere; HEART'FREE, having the

affections free or disengaged.--_ns._ HEART'-GRIEF, grief or affliction of

the heart; HEART'-HEAV'INESS, depression of spirits.--_adv._ HEART'ILY, in

a hearty manner: cordially: eagerly.--_n._ HEART'INESS, the state or

quality of being hearty.--_adj._ HEART'LESS, without heart, courage, or

feeling.--_adv._ HEART'LESSLY.--_ns._ HEART'LESSNESS; HEART'LET, a little

heart.--_interj._ HEART'LING (_Shak._), little heart, used in a minced

oath.--_n._ HEART'-QUAKE, trembling, fear.--_adjs._ HEART'-REND'ING, deeply

afflictive: agonising; HEART'-ROB'BING (_Spens._), stealing the affections:

blissful.--_ns._ HEART'-ROT, a disease producing decay in the hearts of

trees, caused by the mycelia of various fungi; HEART'S'-EASE, a common name

for the pansy, a species of violet, an infusion of which was once thought

to ease the love-sick heart; HEART'-SEED, a general name of plants of genus

_Cardiospermum_, esp. the U.S. balloon-vine; HEART'-SERV'ICE, sincere

devotion, as opposed to _Eye-service_.--_adjs._ HEART'-SHAPED, shaped like

the human heart; HEART'-SICK, pained in mind: depressed.--_n._

HEART'-SICK'NESS.--_adjs._ HEART'SOME, exhilarating: merry; HEART'-SORE,

caused by pain at the heart.--_n._ (_Spens._) grief.--_n._ HEART'-SPOON,

the depression in the breastbone: the breastbone.--_adj._ HEART'-STIR'RING,

arousing the heart, exhilarating.--_n._ HEART'-STRING, a nerve or tendon

supposed to brace and sustain the heart: (_pl._) affections.--_adjs._

HEART'-STRUCK (_Shak._), driven to the heart, deeply fixed in the mind:

(_Milt._) shocked, dismayed; HEART'-SWELL'ING (_Spens._), rankling in the

heart or mind.--_ns._ HEART'-WHEEL, HEART'-CAM, a form of cam-wheel used

for converting uniform rotary motion into uniform reciprocating

motion.--_adj._ HEART'-WHOLE, whole at heart: unmoved in the affections or

spirits.--_n._ HEART'-WOOD, the hard inner wood of a tree--also called

_Duramen_.--_adjs._ HEART'Y, full of, or proceeding from, the heart: warm:

genuine: strong: healthy; HEART'Y-HALE (_Spens._), wholesome or good for

the heart.--HEART-AND-HAND, HEART-AND-SOUL, with complete heartiness, with

complete devotion to a cause; HEART OF HEARTS, the inmost heart: deepest

affections; HEART OF OAK, a brave, resolute heart.--AFTER MY OWN HEART, to

my own liking; AT HEART, in real character: substantially; BREAK THE HEART,

to die of grief or disappointment: to cause deep grief to any one; BY

HEART, by rote: in the memory; EAT ONE'S HEART (see EAT); FIND IN ONE'S

HEART, to be willing or ready to do something; FOR ONE'S HEART, for one's

life; GET, HAVE, BY HEART, to commit to memory, or to hold in one's memory;

HAVE AT HEART, to wish earnestly for: to hold in dear esteem; HAVE ONE'S

HEART IN ONE'S BOOTS, MOUTH, to be in a state of terror; LAY, TAKE, TO

HEART, to set one's mind strongly upon: to be deeply moved by something;

OUT OF HEART, in low spirits; SET THE HEART AT REST, to become easy in

mind; SET THE HEART UPON, to desire earnestly; SPEAK TO THE HEART (_B._),

to comfort, encourage; TAKE HEART, to be encouraged; TAKE HEART OF GRACE

(see GRACE); TAKE TO HEART, to be deeply pained at anything; WEAR THE HEART

UPON THE SLEEVE, to show the feelings, &c., openly; WITH ALL MY HEART, most

willingly. [A.S. _heorte_; Dut. _hart_, Ger. _herz_; cog. with L. _cor_,

_cordis_, Gr. _kardia_.]

HEARTH, härth, _n._ the part of the floor on which the fire is made: the

fireside: the house itself: the home-circle: the lowest part of a

blast-furnace: a brazier, chafing-dish, or fire-box.--_ns._ HEARTH'-MON'EY,

HEARTH'-PENN'Y, HEARTH'-TAX, a tax in England, formerly laid upon hearths;

HEARTH'-RUG, a rug used for covering the hearth-stone; HEARTH'-STONE, a

stone forming a hearth, the fireside: a soft stone used for whitening

hearths, doorsteps, &c. [A.S. _heorð_; Dut. _haard_, Ger. _herd_.]

HEAST, h[=e]st, _n._ (_Spens._) command--same as Hest (q.v.).

HEAT, h[=e]t, _n._ that which excites the sensation of warmth: sensation of

warmth: a heating: exposure to intense heat: a warm temperature: the

warmest period, as the heat of the day: indication of warmth, flush,

redness: vehemence, passion; sexual excitement, or its period, esp. of the

female, corresponding to _rut_ in the male: a single course in a race:

animation.--_v.t._ to make hot: to agitate.--_v.i._ to become hot:--_pr.p._

heat'ing; _pa.p._ heat'ed.--_n._ HEAT'-AP'OPLEXY, sunstroke.--_p.adj._

HEAT'ED.--_ns._ HEAT'-EN'GINE, an engine which transforms heat into

mechanical work; HEAT'ER, one who, or that which, heats: a piece of

cast-iron heated and then placed in a hollow flat-iron, &c.--_adjs_.

HEAT'ER-SHAPED, triangular, like the common heater; HEAT'ING, causing or

imparting heat.--_ns._ HEAT'-SPOT, a spot on the surface of the body where

a sensation of heat is felt; HEAT'-[=U]'NIT, amount of heat required to

raise a pound of water one degree.--LATENT HEAT, the quantity of heat

absorbed when bodies pass from the solid into the liquid, or from the

liquid into the gaseous, state; MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT OF HEAT, the relation

between heat and work--viz. the amount of molecular energy required to

produce one heat-unit; SPECIFIC HEAT, the number of heat-units necessary to

raise the unit of mass of a given substance one degree in temperature.

[A.S. _h['æ]to_, heat, _hát_, hot; Ger. _hitze_.]

HEATH, h[=e]th, _n._ a barren open country: any shrub of genus _Erica_, or

its congener _Calluna_, of the heath family (_Ericaceæ_), a hardy evergreen

under-shrub.--_ns._ HEATH'-BELL, same as HEATHER-BELL; HEATH'-COCK, a large

bird which frequents heaths: the black grouse:--_fem._ HEATH'-HEN;

HEATH'-POULT, the heath-bird, esp. the female or young.--_adj._ HEATH'Y,

abounding with heath. [A.S. _h['æ]ð_; Ger. _heide_, Goth. _haithi_, a

waste.]

HEATHEN, h[=e]'_th_n, _n._ an inhabitant of an unchristian country, one

neither Christian, Jewish, nor Mohammedan: (_B._) the Gentiles: a pagan: an

irreligious person.--_adj._ pagan, irreligious.--_n._ HEA'THENDOM, the

condition of a heathen: those regions of the world where heathenism

prevails.--_v.t._ HEA'THENISE, to make heathen or heathenish.--_adj._

HEA'THENISH, relating to the heathen: rude: uncivilised: cruel.--_adv._

HEA'THENISHLY.--_ns._ HEA'THENISHNESS; HEA'THENISM, the religious system of

the heathens: paganism: barbarism; HEA'THENRY, heathenism: heathendom.

[A.S. _h['æ]ðen_, a heathen; Dut. _heiden_.]

HEATHER, he_th_'[.e]r, _n._ the Scotch name for the native species of the

Linnæan genus _Erica_, called in the north of England Ling, esp. _Erica_

(now _Calluna_) _vulgaris_, Common Heather, and _Erica cinerea_,

Fine-leaved Heath or Lesser Bell-heather.--_adj._ of the colour of

heather.--_ns._ HEATH'ER-ALE, a famous liquor traditionally brewed in

Scotland from the bells of heather; HEATH'ER-BELL, a name given to _Erica

tetralix_ (or specially to its blossom), and sometimes also to _Erica

cinerea_.--_adj._ HEATH'ERY, of or pertaining to heather.--SET THE HEATHER

ON FIRE, to create a disturbance; TAKE TO THE HEATHER, to become an outlaw.

[Usually derived from _heath_.]

HEAUME, h[=o]m, _n._ (_arch._) a massive helmet.

HEAVE, h[=e]v, _v.t._ to lift up: to throw upward: to draw in any

direction, as by a windlass: to cause to swell: to force from the breast:

(_geol._) to move away or displace (a vein or stratum).--_v.i._ to be

raised: to rise and fall: to try to vomit:--_pr.p._ heav'ing; _pa.t._ and

_pa.p._ heaved or (_naut._) h[=o]ve.--_n._ an effort upward: a throw: a

swelling: an effort to vomit: broken wind in horses.--_ns._

HEAVE'-OFF'ERING, a voluntary Jewish offering lifted up before the Lord by

the priest; HEAV'ER, one who, or that which, heaves; HEAVES, a disease in

horses; HEAVE'-SHOUL'DER, the shoulder of an animal elevated in sacrifice;

HEAV'ING, a rising: swell: (_Shak._) panting.--HEAVE HO! an exclamation

used by sailors in putting forth exertion, as in heaving the anchor; HEAVE

IN SIGHT, to come into view; HEAVE TO, to bring a vessel to a stand-still,

to make her lie to. [A.S. _hebban_, pa.t. _hóf_, pa.p. _hafen_; Ger.

_heben_.]

HEAVEN, hev'n, _n._ the arch of sky overhanging the earth: the air: a zone

or region: a very great and indefinite height: the dwelling-place of the

Deity and the blessed: the Deity as inhabiting heaven: supreme

happiness.--_adjs._ HEAV'EN-BORN, descended from heaven; HEAV'EN-BRED

(_Shak._), bred or produced in heaven; HEAV'EN-DIRECT'ED, pointing to the

sky: divinely guided; HEAV'EN-FALL'EN (_Milt._), fallen from heaven, having

rebelled against God; HEAV'EN-GIFT'ED, granted by heaven; HEAV'EN-KISS'ING

(_Shak._), kissing or touching, as it were, the sky.--_n._

HEAV'ENLINESS.--_adj._ HEAV'ENLY, of or inhabiting heaven: celestial: pure:

supremely blessed: very excellent.--_adv._ in a manner like that of heaven:

by the influence of heaven.--_adj._ HEAV'ENLY-MIND'ED, having the mind

placed upon heavenly things: pure.--_n._ HEAV'ENLY-MIND'EDNESS.--_advs._

HEAV'ENWARD, HEAV'ENWARDS, toward or in the direction of heaven.--HEAVEN OF

HEAVENS (_B._), the highest of the heavens, the abode and seat of God; IN

THE SEVENTH HEAVEN, in a state of the most exalted happiness--from the

system of the Cabbalists, who divided the heavens into seven in an

ascending scale of happiness up to the abode of God. [A.S. _heofon_; not to

be conn. with _heave_.]

HEAVY, hev'i, _adj_. weighty: not easy to bear: oppressive: afflicted:

inactive: dull, lacking brightness and interest: inclined to slumber:

violent: loud: not easily digested, as food: miry, as soil: having

strength, as liquor: dark with clouds: gloomy: expensive: (_B._) sad:

(_theat._) pertaining to the representation of grave or serious

parts.--_adv._ HEAV'ILY.--_n._ HEAV'INESS.--_adjs._ HEAV'Y-ARMED, bearing

heavy armour or arms; HEAV'Y-HAND'ED, clumsy, awkward: oppressive;

HEAV'Y-HEAD'ED, having a heavy or large head: dull, stupid, drowsy;

HEAV'Y-HEART'ED, weighed down with grief; HEAV'Y-L[=A]D'EN, laden with a

heavy burden.--_n._ HEAV'Y-SPAR, native sulphate of barium, barytes.--HEAVY

MARCHING ORDER, the condition of troops fully equipped for field service;

HEAVY METAL, guns or shot of large size: great influence or power;

HEAVY-WEIGHT, one beyond the average weight, esp. in sporting phrase, one

placed highest in the ascending scale, _feather-weight_, _light-weight_,

_middle-weight_, _heavy-weight_; HEAVY WET, a drink of strong ale or ale

and porter mixed.--THE HEAVIES (_mil._), the heavy cavalry: those who play

heavy parts. [A.S. _hefig_--_hebban_, to heave; Old High Ger. _hebîg_.]

HEBDOMADAL, heb-dom'a-dal, _adj._ occurring every seven days: weekly--also

HEBDOM'ADARY.--_n._ HEB'DOMAD, the number seven, a group of seven things, a

week: in some Gnostic systems, a group of superhuman beings, angels, or

divine emanations, the sphere of the Demiurge lower than the ogdoad--from

the idea of the seven planets.--_adv._ HEBDOM'ADALLY, from week to

week.--_n._ HEBDOM'ADARY, a member of a chapter or convent who officiates

in the choir, &c., on a certain week.--HEBDOMADAL COUNCIL, a board which

practically manages the business of the university of Oxford, usually

meeting weekly. [L. _hebdomadalis_--Gr. _hebdomas_, a period of seven

days--_hepta_, seven.]

HEBE, h[=e]'b[=e], _n._ a personification of youth and spring, from the

name of the daughter of Zeus and Hera, who was cup-bearer of Olympus.

HEBEN, heb'n, _n._ and _adj._ (_Spens._) ebony.

HEBENON, heb'e-non, _n._ (_Shak._) a poisonous juice. [Perh. _ebony_, or a

corr. of _henbane_.]

HEBETATE, heb'e-t[=a]t, _v.t._ to make dull or blunt.--_adj._ HEB'ETANT,

making dull.--_ns._ HEBET[=A]'TION, HEB'ET[=U]DE; HEBETUDINOS'ITY.--_adj._

HEBET[=U]'DINOUS. [L. _hebet[=a]re_, _-[=a]tum_--_hebes_, blunt.]

HEBREW, h[=e]'br[=oo], _n._ one of the descendants of Abraham, who

emigrated from beyond the Euphrates into Palestine: an Israelite, a Jew:

the language of the Hebrews (_fem._ H[=E]'BREWESS, _B._): (_coll._)

unintelligible speech.--_adj._ relating to the Hebrews.--_adjs._

HEBR[=A]'IC, -AL, relating to the Hebrews or to their language.--_adv._

HEBR[=A]'ICALLY, after the manner of the Hebrew language: from right to

left.--_n._ HEBR[=A]'ICISM.--_v.t._ H[=E]'BRAISE, to express as in Hebrew:

to conform or incline to Hebrew ideals.--_ns._ H[=E]'BRAISER; H[=E]'BRAISM,

a Hebrew idiom; H[=E]'BRAIST, one skilled in HEBREW.--_adjs._ HEBRAIST'IC,

-AL, of or like Hebrew.--_adv._ HEBRAIST'ICALLY.--_n._ H[=E]'BREWISM. [O.

Fr. _Ebreu_--L. _Hebræus_--Gr. _Hebraios_--Heb. _`ibrî_, lit. 'one from the

other side (of the river).']

HEBRIDEAN, h[=e]-brid'[=e]-an, -i-an, _adj._ pertaining to the

_Hebrides_--also HEBRID'IAN.--_n._ a native thereof.

HECATE, hek'a-t[=e], _n._ a mysterious goddess, in Hesiod having power over

earth, heaven, and sea--afterwards identified with many other goddesses,

her power above all displayed in the matter of ghosts and bogies. [L.,--Gr.

_Hekat[=e]_--_hekas_, far.]

HECATOMB, hek'a-tom, _n._ among the Greeks and Romans, a sacrifice of a

hundred oxen: a great public sacrifice: any large number of victims. [Gr.

_hekatomb[=e]_--_hekaton_, a hundred, _bous_, an ox.]

HECATONTOME, hek'a-ton-t[=o]m, _n._ (_Milt._) a very large number of books.

[Gr. _hekaton_, a hundred, _tomos_, a volume.]

HECH, heh, _interj._ (_Scot._) an exclamation of surprise.

HECHT, heht, Scotch form of _hight_, v.

HECK, hek, _n._ (_Scot._) a rack in a stable for hay, &c.: a grated

contrivance for catching fish: a contrivance in a spinning-wheel, and also

in a warping-mill, by which the yarn or thread is guided to the

reels.--LIVE AT HECK AND MANGER, to be in very comfortable quarters. [A.S.

_hec_, _hæc_; Dut. _hek_.]

HECKLE, hek'l, _v.i._ to comb: to put a parliamentary candidate, or the

like, through a series of embarrassing questions.--_n._ the same as

HACK'LE, HATCH'EL.--_ns._ HECK'LE, the long shining feathers on a cock's

neck, a feather ornament in the full-dress bonnets of Highland regiments;

HECK'LER, one who torments a candidate with catching questions.

HECTARE, hek'tär, _n._ a superficial measure=100 ares, 10,000 sq. metres,

or nearly 2½ acres (2.471). [Fr.,--Gr. _hekaton_, 100, L. _area_, area.]

HECTIC, -AL, hek'tik, -al, _adj._ pertaining to the constitution or habit

of body: affected with hectic fever.--_n._ HEC'TIC, a habitual or remittent

fever, usually associated with consumption.--_adj._ HEC'TOID, of a hectic

appearance.--HECTIC FEVER, the name given to the fever which occurs in

connection with certain wasting diseases of long duration. [Fr.,--Gr.

_hektikos_, habitual--_hexis_, habit.]

HECTOGRAMME, hek'to-gram, _n._ a weight of 100 grammes, or nearly ¼ lb.

(3.527 ounces). [Fr.,--Gr. _hekaton_, 100, and _gramme_.]

HECTOGRAPH, hek'to-graf, _n._ a gelatine pad for receiving a copy and

therefrom multiplying a writing or drawing.--_v.t._ to reproduce by means

of this.--_adj._ HECTOGRAPH'IC. [Gr. _hekaton_, a hundred,

_graph_--_graphein_, to write.]

HECTOLITRE, hek'to-lit'r, _n._ a unit of capacity of 100 litres, 22.01

imperial gallons.

HECTOMETRE, hek'to-m[=e]t-[.e]r, _n._ a unit of length equal to 100 metres,

or about 1/16th (.0621) of a mile.

HECTOR, hek'tor, _n._ a bully, a street brawler: one who annoys.--_v.t._ to

treat insolently: to annoy.--_v.i._ to play the bully.--_ns._ HEC'TORER;

HEC'TORISM.--_adv._ HEC'TORLY.--_n._ HEC'TORSHIP. [_Hector_, the Trojan.]

HECTOSTERE, hek'to-st[=e]r, _n._ a measure of solidity of 100 cubic metres,

3531.56 Eng. cubic feet.

HEDDLE, hed'l, _n._ a series of vertical cords or wires, each having in the

middle a loop (HEDD'LE-EYE) to receive a warp-thread, and passing round and

between parallel bars.--_v.t._ to draw warp-threads through heddle-eyes.

[An assumed A.S. _hefedl_, earlier form of _hefeld_.]

HEDEOMA, h[=e]-d[=e]-[=o]'ma, _n._ a genus of herbaceous aromatic plants,

the best-known species being the American Pennyroyal. [Gr. _h[=e]dys_,

sweet.]

HEDERA, hed'er-a, _n._ a genus of climbing plants, best represented by the

common ivy.--_adjs._ HEDER[=A]'CEOUS; HED'ERAL; HED'ERATED; HEDER'IC;

HEDERIF'EROUS. [L.]

HEDGE, hej, _n._ a thicket of bushes: a fence round a field, &c.: any means

of protection.--_v.t._ to enclose with a hedge: to obstruct: to surround:

to guard: to protect one's self from loss by betting on both sides.--_v.i._

to shuffle: to be shifty: to skulk.--_ns._ HEDGE'BILL, HEDG'ING-BILL, a

bill or hatchet for dressing hedges.--_adj._ HEDGE'-BORN, of low birth, as

if born under a hedge or in the woods: low: obscure.--_ns._ HEDGE'BOTE, an

old word for the right of a tenant to cut wood on the farm or land for

repairing the hedges or fences; HEDGE'-CREEP'ER, a sneaking rogue;

HEDGE'HOG, a small prickly-backed quadruped, so called from living in

hedges and bushes, and its resemblance to a hog or pig; HEDGE'HOG-PLANT, a

species of medick, having the pods spirally twisted and rolled up into a

ball beset with spines; HEDGE'HOG-THIS'TLE, hedgehog-cactus;

HEDGE'-HYSS'OP, a European perennial plant of the figwort family, with

emetic and purgative qualities; HEDGE'-KNIFE, an instrument for trimming

hedges; HEDGE'-MAR'RIAGE, a clandestine marriage; HEDGE'-MUS'TARD, a genus

of plants of order _Cruciferæ_, annual or rarely perennial, with small

yellow or white flowers; HEDGE'-NOTE, a valueless literary attempt;

HEDGE'-PAR'SON, a mean parson, generally illiterate; HEDGE'PIG (_Shak._), a

young hedgehog; HEDGE'-PRIEST, an ignorant itinerant priest; HEDG'ER, one

who dresses hedges; HEDGE'ROW, a row of trees or shrubs for hedging fields;

HEDGE'-SCHOOL, an open-air school kept by the side of a hedge in Ireland;

HEDGE'-SHREW, the field-mouse; HEDGE'-SPARR'OW, HEDGE'-WAR'BLER, a little

singing bird, like a sparrow, which frequents hedges; HEDGE'-WRIT'ER, a

Grub-street author; HEDG'ING, the work of a hedger.--_adj._ HEDG'Y. [A.S.

_hecg_, _hegg_; Dut. _hegge_, Ger. _hecke_.]

HEDONISM, h[=e]d'[=o]-nizm, _n._ in ethics, the doctrine that happiness is

the highest good.--_adjs._ HEDON'IC, HEDONIST'IC.--_n.pl._ HEDON'ICS, the

doctrine of pleasure.--_n._ H[=E]'DONIST, one who advocates hedonism. [Gr.

_h[=e]don[=e]_, pleasure.]

HEDYPHANE, hed'i-f[=a]n, _n._ a colourless mimetite, containing calcium: a

variety of green lead ore. [Gr. _h[=e]dys_, sweet, _-phan[=e]s_,

appearing.]

HEED, h[=e]d, _v.t._ to observe: to look after: to attend to.--_n._ notice:

caution: attention.--_adj._ HEED'FUL, attentive, cautious.--_adv._

HEED'FULLY.--_ns._ HEED'FULNESS; HEED'INESS (_Spens._).--_adj._ HEED'LESS,

inattentive: careless.--_n._ HEED'LESSHOOD (_Spens._).--_adv._

HEED'LESSLY.--_n._ HEED'LESSNESS.--_adj._ HEED'Y (_Spens._), heedful,

careful. [A.S. _hédan_; Dut. _hoeden_, Ger. _hüten_.]