_Specimens._--_Boaco_: Santa Rosa, 17 km N, 15 km E Boaco, 300 m,
7. _Chontales_: 1 km N, 2.5 km W Villa Somoza, 330 m, 4. _Matagalpa_:
1 km NE Esquipulas, 420 m, 1. _Nueva Segovia_: 7 km N, 4 km E
Jalapa, 660 m, 4. _Zelaya_: S side Rio Mico, El Recreo, 25 m, 6;
Cara de Mono, 50 m, 15.
Bats of this species apparently are common in the Caribbean lowlands
of Nicaragua; the highest altitude at which we have taken specimens is
660 meters. The only previous report of _C. castanea_ from Nicaragua
evidently is that of Davis _et al._ (1964:379), who mentioned it in
passing (from Cacao, Zelaya) in an account of _Macrophyllum
macrophyllum_. Two adult females each carried an embryo having
crown-rump lengths of 20 (21 March) and 10 mm (27 July). Adult females
evincing no gross reproductive activity were taken in February (one),
March (one), April (four), June (three), July (two), and August (two).
Four adult males netted on 24 April had testes with an average length
of 7.0 (5-9) mm, whereas those of four other adult males taken in late
June had an average of 4.0 (2-6) mm.
In our collections from Nicaragua, we find at least three kinds of
_Carollia_ and we follow Handley (1966b:764-765) in tentatively
assigning these to _C. castanea_, _C. subrufa_, and _C. perspicillata_.
The systematics of this genus is currently under study by Ronald H.
Pine. In Nicaragua, _castanea_ differs from _subrufa_ (with which it
has been confused in the past) in being smaller, both externally and
cranially, and much darker in color as well as in the additional
characters mentioned by Handley (_loc. cit._).