[Illustration: Eliza Wharton]
THE
COQUETTE;
OR,
THE HISTORY OF
ELIZA WHARTON.
A NOVEL:
FOUNDED ON FACT.
BY
A LADY OF MASSACHUSETTS.
HISTORICAL PREFACE,
INCLUDING
A MEMOIR OF THE AUTHOR.
He who waits beside the folded gates of mystery, over which forever
float the impurpled vapors of the PAST, should stand with girded loins,
and white, unshodden feet. So he who attempts to lift the veil that
separates the REAL from the IDEAL, or to remove the heavy curtain that
for a century may have concealed from view the actual personages of a
well-drawn popular fiction, or what may have been received as such,
should bring to his task a tender heart and a delicate and gentle hand.
Thus, in preparing an introductory chapter for these pages which are to
follow, many and various thoughts suggest themselves, and it is
necessary to recognize and pursue them with gentleness and caution.
The romance of "Eliza Wharton" appeared in print not many years
subsequent to the assumed transactions it so faithfully attempts to
record. Written as it was by one highly educated for the times,--the
popular wife of a popular clergyman, connected in no distant degree, by
marriage, with the family of the heroine, and one who by the very
profession and position of her husband was, as by necessity, brought
into the sphere of actual intercourse with the principal characters of
the novel, and as the book also took precedence in time of all American
romances, when, too, the literature of the day was any thing but
"_light_"--it is not surprising that it thus took precedence in interest
as well of all American novels, at least throughout New England, and was
found, in every cottage within its borders, beside the family Bible, and
though pitifully, yet almost as carefully treasured.
Since that time it has run through a score of editions, at long
intervals out of print, and again revived at the public call with an
eagerness of distribution which few modern romances have enjoyed. Its
author, Hannah Foster, was the daughter of Grant Webster, a well-known
merchant of Boston, and wife of Rev. John Foster, of Brighton,
Massachusetts, whose pedigree, but few removes backward in the line of
her husband,[A] interlinked, as has been already hinted, with that of
the "Coquette." Thus did they hold towards each other that very
significant relationship--especially in the past century--of "_cousins_"
a relationship better heeded and more earnestly recognized and
cherished than that of nearer kin at the present day. Therefore, not
only by family ties, but by similarity of positions and community of
interests, was she brought into immediate acquaintance with the
circumstances herein combined, and especially qualified to write the
history with power and effect. Nor is this the only work which bears the
impress of her gifted pen. There is still another extant, of which I
need not at this time and place make mention, besides many valuable
literary contributions to the scattered periodicals of that day. It is
to be regretted here that a short time previous to her death she
destroyed the whole of her manuscripts, which might, in many respects,
have been particularly valuable.
She has, however, transmitted her genius and her powers, which find
expression and appreciation in two daughters still living in Montreal,
Canada East, one of whom is the gifted author of "Peep at the Pilgrims,"
"Sketches from the Life of Christ," and "Confessions of an early
Martyr," all of which have been very popular; the first having been
republished here within a short period, and also in England with still
greater success. The other daughter, the widow of the late Dr. Cushing
who, while firm at his post as physician at the Emigrant Hospital, fell
a victim to that terrible malady, ship fever, in 1846, is also author of
many minor works, and co-editor of the "Snowdrop," a monthly publication
of much merit in Montreal. Mrs. Foster died in that place, at the
residence of her daughter, Mrs. Cushing, April 17, 1840, at the advanced
age of eighty-one years.
It may seem, however, at a period so long subsequent to the actual
transpiration of events herein recorded, that little could be said to
throw light or interest upon the history, and even less upon the
character, or in extenuation of the follies or the frailties of the
unfortunate subject of the following pages, and upon which public
opinion had long ago rendered its verdict and sealed it for a higher
tribunal. Yet I am happy in assuring any who may pause over these
prefatory leaves that this is not the fact; and it harms us not to
believe that over every life, however full of error it may be, there is
an unwritten chapter which the angels take into account as they bear
upward the tearful record, and which He, the great Scribe, "who ever
sitteth at the right hand of the Father," and from whose solemn
utterance on earth dropped the forever cherished words which have so
often given life and hope to the penitent fallen,--"_neither do I
condemn thee_,"--interpolates on the mighty leger of eternity for the
great reckoning day.
"Eliza Wharton," generally known, perhaps, as Elizabeth Whitman, was the
eldest of four children--Elizabeth, Mary, Abigail, and William; the
latter of whom was a physician, twice married, and who also left a son
of his own name, (William Elnathan,) who died in Philadelphia in 1846,
unmarried. Her father, the Rev. Elnathan Whitman, was the son of Rev.
Samuel Whitman, who was the third son of Rev. Zechariah Whitman, the
youngest child of John, the original ancestor of the Whitman family. He
(Rev. Samuel W.) graduated at Harvard University in 1696, and was for
several years a tutor there. Thus having passed through the usual,
though then somewhat limited, course of theology, he was ordained as
minister of the gospel in Farmington, Connecticut, in 1706, at that time
one of the largest towns in the state. He inherited by bequest one half
of his father's lands in Stow, Massachusetts, and was thereby also made
executor of his will. He married, March 19, 1707, Mary Stoddard,
daughter of Rev. Solomon Stoddard, second minister of Northampton,
Massachusetts. Mr. Stoddard was born in Boston in 1643, and died in
Northampton in 1729. This Solomon Stoddard was the great-grandfather of
Hon. Solomon Stoddard, now residing in Northampton.
It is worthy of remark here that the early ancestors of "Eliza Wharton"
intermarried also with the Edwards family; so that Hon. Pierpont
Edwards, who figures in this volume as "Major Sanford," could be no less
than second cousin to his unfortunate victim.
Rev. Elnathan Whitman, the father of Elizabeth, was born January 12,
1708-9, and graduated from Yale College, New Haven, where he was for
several subsequent years a tutor. He at length settled as minister over
the Second Church in Hartford, Connecticut, and there married Abigail
Stanley, daughter of Colonel Nathaniel Stanley, treasurer of the colony
of Connecticut, a woman of uncommon energy of character and of superior
mental acquirements, (a correct portrait of whom accompanies these
pages, taken from an original painting.) He died in Hartford also, March
2, 1776, aged sixty-eight years, after having served in the ministry in
that place forty-three of the same. His tombstone bears the following
inscription:--
IN MEMORY OF
THE REV. ELNATHAN WHITMAN,
Pastor of the Second Church of Christ in Hartford, and one of the
fellows of the corporation of Yale College, who departed this life
the 2d day of March, A.D. 1776, in the 69th year of his age and 44th
of his ministry.
Endowed with superior natural abilities and good literary acquirements,
he was still more distinguished for his unaffected piety, primitive
simplicity of manners, and true Christian benevolence. He
closed a life spent in the service of his Creator, in humble confidence
of eternal happiness through the merits of the Savior.
"Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord."
His wife survived him nineteen-years, and died November 19, 1795, aged
seventy-six. It was during the dark, early period of her widowhood that
the sad events occurred which have furnished the historian and the
novelist with themes of the deepest pathos, and to which prominence is
given in the following pages. But,
"Woes cluster. Rare are solitary woes;
They love a train--they tread each other's heels."
So said the sublimest of poets, and so has all experience proved. Thus,
in her case, this affliction did not come alone; but at a period nearly
connected with this, in the dreary, solitary hours of the night,--_her
night_ of sorrow too,--her house was discovered on fire, which, for lack
of modern appliances, was totally destroyed, with all its contents,
consisting not only of many curious and valuable articles of furniture
both for use and ornament, but embracing, also, an uncommon library,
overflowing with rare books, pamphlets, &c., which her late husband had
collected with great effort and research.
Elizabeth, the eldest of her family, was born in 1752. She was a child
of early promise, and remarkable in maturer years for her genius (I use
the term in no merely conventional sense, as will hereafter appear) and
accomplishments, as well as for her genial spirit and tender and
endearing qualities. Her maternal ancestor, Thomas Stanley, was an
original owner and settler in Hartford, Connecticut, and removed to, and
died in, Hadley, Massachusetts, January 30, 1662-3.
Thus nobly descended and connected, so singularly unfortunate, and her
fate so afflicting and disastrous, it is no wonder that the novelist
pointed her pen to record, with historical accuracy, a destiny so
fearful, a career so terrible. By her exceeding personal beauty and
accomplishments, added to the wealth of her mind, she attracted to her
sphere the grave and the gay, the learned and the witty, the worshippers
of the beautiful, with those who reverently bend before all inner
graces.
Prominent among these was the Rev. Joseph Howe, then pastor at the New
South Church, on Church Green, in this city, a young man of rare talents
and eminent piety. Unfortunately, the fear and excitement consequent on
the hostile relation of the colonies at that time towards the mother
country forced him from his position here; and he left, with the family
whose house had been his home, for a more quiet, temporary retreat in
Norwich, Connecticut. Soon after this he repaired to the residence of
Rev. Mr. Whitman, in Hartford, for a short visit, high in the
anticipation of soon becoming the happy husband of the gifted daughter
Elizabeth. But Providence, in wisdom, had ordered it otherwise; and,
while on this visit, he suddenly sickened and died.
However much or little of soul or of sorrow she had in this event we are
not to know; but another stood ready to-worship in his place, what we
will endeavor to believe was in some degree worthy of homage. This was
"J. Boyer," known as the Rev. Joseph Buckminster, a graduate of Yale
College, and at that time tutor in the same institution, who afterwards
settled as minister over the religions society in Portsmouth, New
Hampshire, and whose Biography was but a few years ago published.
We have no reason to believe, however, that either of these persons was
her earliest choice, especially the latter, or that, in this case most
certainly, there could have been at all that sacred congeniality of
spirit so deeply necessary to woman's nature, bearing out from her bosom
that deathless affection which nor pride, nor affluence, nor folly, nor
love of conquest, with the victory every where certain, could in any
wise overcome.
The feeling that existed on her part was of circumstances only,
influenced by strong parental predilection, and the desire which so
often obtains in the heart of a true woman--that of soothing the love
she cannot return, resolving itself at length into pity.
We might here also dwell upon the idiosyncrasies of genius as applicable
to her case, which are generally banned, of whatever character they may
be, and evermore shut out all sympathy, till, in despair or despite,
folly is made crime. But since sin must ever be arraigned for itself,
and error is prone to plead for mercy, I leave no word here that can be
misconstrued or misapplied. Certain it is that Elizabeth Whitman was
marked as one of strangely fluctuating moods, as the truly gifted ever
are, and of a wild, incomprehensible nature, little understood by those
who should have known her best, and with whom she was most intimate.
Over this, in tracing her history, it were well to pause, were it not
that thus we might give countenance to this prominent fact of modern
days, that the eccentricities of genius are often substituted for genius
itself, or are made its prime characteristics, as the gold of the
jeweller is recommended for its beauty and strength in proportion to its
alloy.
However much we may regret the waywardness of such a heart in the
present instance, in that it rejected one so nobly qualified as was Mr.
Buckminster to appreciate its genius and its love, while sympathizing
with his own mortifying disappointment, (for this we must admit,) that
she had in the secrets of her nature a preference for another, we cannot
altogether know its results. So cautiously and discreetly did he,
through a long and beautiful life, qualify both his lips and his pen,
that little or nothing remains beyond these letters of the
novelist--which we may not doubt are authentic, as they were long in the
possession of Mrs. Henry Hill, of Boston, the "Mrs. Sumner" of the
novel--to tell how the heart was instructed, and how blighted hope and
blasted affection were made the lobes through which the spirit caught
its sublimest and holiest respiration. We know
"Through lacerations takes the spirit wing,
And in the heart's long death throe grasps true life."
One little remark which has been suffered to creep into his Memoirs is,
however, of peculiar significance. I quote it here.
In speaking of Connecticut to a friend, he says, "My place was there; I
always wished that state to be my home; but Providence has directed my
line of duty far away _from the place of my first affections_."
He also--as one who had every means of knowing the fact has informed
me--was deeply affected on reading the "romance" here following, and at
the time remarked that, had the author been personally acquainted (not
knowing that she was) with the circumstances of his engagement with
Elizabeth Whitman, she could not have described them with more graphic
truth.
The Hon. Pierrepont Edwards, to whom was given the preference and
precedence above referred to, and who is made to assume in the chapters
of the novel the name of "Sanford," was the son of Rev. Jonathan
Edwards, president of Princeton College, New Jersey. His maternal
grandmother was Esther, the second daughter of the Rev. Solomon
Stoddard, and sister to the paternal grandmother of Elizabeth Whitman,
the wife of Rev. Samuel Whitman before mentioned. A Mr. Burt has by some
been identified with this "Sanford," the rival of "Boyer," yet without
the least pretension in history to authenticity. Nor can we place much
reliance upon the letters here introduced as his in point of
originality, as there is sufficient reason for believing that these are,
for the most part, of the author's invention, founded upon the current
reputation of his after years. And we may be happy in so considering
them, since they would betray a character, even in earliest manhood, too
depraved and debased for honorable mention, although his errors were no
doubt altogether beyond the palliation of a woman's pen. Yet we would
fain look at him, in youth at least, as undebauched and uncorrupt,
however stained may be the record of his manhood.
Between him and Elizabeth Whitman there was, notwithstanding, over all
and under all, a close affinity of spirit; and there is no question,
aside from the frailties and objections which the writer of the romance
has introduced, that there was a marriage of the soul, superseding all
after ties which worldliness and depravity might have consummated, that
overshadows sin, and may not pass into our reckoning. Not only such a
marriage, but one, though secret, actually sanctioned by the laws of the
land, she is known to have declared a fact previous to her death.
Question this who may, that deep down under the impulses of surging
passion there existed a purer and holier affection for her, is in
history sufficiently clear. They had been set in family connection,
intimate by kin, intimate in earliest life by every outward tie, and
especially intimate by the subtile affinities of their spiritual
natures. Yet he who can, under any circumstances, entreat the love of
woman, and then take advantage of her weakness or her confidence, is an
anomaly in nature, and should have a special, judiciary here and in
heaven.
Since so much of the romance here following is truth, veritable truth,
it is to be regretted that any error of historical character was
suffered to assume importance in the narrative. Yet this is so often the
case in works of this kind, that it is not remarkable here. More
surprising is it that truth was so carefully and conscientiously guarded
and preserved.
In conflicting statements, it is difficult to determine the precise year
of the marriage of Mr. Edwards, whether before or after the death of
"Eliza Wharton," although it may have been long before, even as one of
his biographers has it, and that recklessness and extravagance may have
lifted him to a too fearful height from the calm Eden of love and
honor, till he at length compromised the influence of both to baser
avarice.
That he married Frances Ogden, of Elizabeth-town, New Jersey, for his
first wife, is the fact, and the date given is 1769. Yet the ciphers may
be questioned, I think, as it would make him but nineteen years of age
at the time of the event, besides other considerations which make it
appear more doubtful still.
He was, however, as has been already stated, the eleventh and youngest
child of Rev. Jonathan Edwards, and was born in Northampton,
Massachusetts, _Sabbath_. His biographer has been particularly faithful
in thus recording it, as if the hallowed influences of the Sabbath upon
birth have a bearing on subsequent life, and were in his case either
strikingly marked or missed. He was born, then, Sabbath, April 8, 1750,
and was cousin, in good or evil, to the notorious Aaron Burr. He was
also brother to Rev. Jonathan Edwards, president of Union College.
His mother, Sarah Pierrepont, was of aristocratic origin, and the
daughter of Rev. James Pierrepont, and granddaughter of John Pierrepont,
of Roxbury, from whom descended Rev. John Pierpont, the celebrated poet
and divine of our own time. The Pierrepont family was a branch of the
family of the Duke of Kingston, (Pierrepont being the family name;) and
the mother of Mr. Edwards was thus cousin-german to Mary Pierrepont,
(Lady Mary Wortley Montague.)
Through his whole ancestral line we trace the "laying on of hands" in
the most conspicuous as in the divinest order; and thus might he be
truly called a child of prayer and consecration. What pity that his
biographer should have been compelled to record, "The most remarkable
feature of his character was his unbridled licentiousness"! But we
cannot drop the curtain here. We would relieve the picture by this
somewhat lighter shade. "His intellectual energies were gigantic. As a
pleader and a determined and artful advocate, he had few equals. Hence,
as a lawyer, he scarcely ever lost a case in his whole practice." An
amusing anecdote is related of him in his professional career.
"In an insurance case, the evidence of which was strongly against him,
he went in disguise to New London, where the witnesses, mostly sailors,
resided. In a loafer-like swagger he proposed and secured bets from
every material evidence in the case, and thus disqualified them from
bearing testimony, on the ground that they were interested witnesses."
In his old age he married his housekeeper, and closed an eventful and
unblessed life at Bridgeport, April 14, 1826. 'Tis well to memorize him
here, and thus register birth and death on the very page that records
the most mysterious chapter of his history.
Let us return to unite and conclude our story. In June, 1788, a female
of uncommon beauty of person, yet with an oppressed and melancholy
bearing, suddenly appeared at the old Bell Tavern in Danvers,
Massachusetts, (a drawing of which is here introduced.) She was habited
in black, and was seldom seen abroad, never except alone, and at
twilight, when she was observed to wander as far as the old burying
ground hard by, and there to pause at its entrance, gazing long and
earnestly upon its silent, scattered mounds, at length retracing her
steps with the same melancholy gait and air.
Here she remained nearly a month, discovering to none her real name or
situation. She passed her time in writing, and occasionally playing upon
a guitar, which was the only companion of her solitude. After remaining
there about two weeks a chaise was seen to pause before the door, upon
the lintel of which had secretly been traced in chalk, as it afterwards
appeared, the letters "E.W." A gentleman hastily alighted, and was also
observed through the darkness of the evening to examine the casing of
the door, and then return to the chaise and drive rapidly away.
The opinion was, by those who were cognizant of the fact, that this was
a secret, preconcerted sign by which the lover should recognize the
place of her retreat; and being too faintly drawn, through the darkness
of the night he failed to discover the characters.
From this time, however, the spirits of the stranger evidently sunk; and
in two weeks more birth and death had followed each other, and the grave
had closed over all.
This stranger had, in her peculiar situation, tenderly won upon the
sympathies of a few kind-hearted individuals who had made their way to
her, one of whom, a Mrs. Southwick, lived directly opposite the Bell
Tavern. These were with her in her last great agony, in which all sense
of guilt was lost in pity. Mrs. S. has related that no word of complaint
or accusation was heard to fall from her lips, while the spirit seemed
brightening with an unearthly hope, till what was charming in life was
indescribably lovely in death. Thus they laid the beautiful stranger in
the saintly robes of the sepulchre without censure and without
accusation, not knowing how painfully she was mourned and missed, as a
star shut out of vision by clouds and storm, in the home of her
childhood and in the heart of a widowed mother.
She had passed under the assumed name of Walker while at the Bell Tavern
of Danvers, and her wardrobe was found marked with the corresponding
initials, "E.W.," although applying to her real name as well. These
facts, in connection with her death, were immediately published in the
Boston and Salem journals, and her friends advertised to appear; and
thus were her real name and place of residence elicited.
A short time afterwards, and a stranger came and caused to be erected in
the old burying ground in Danvers, on the spot where she was interred,
two "gray stones," after the manner of Ossian, with the touching
inscription which this volume records; and the feet of strangers, moved
by pity and humanity, have worn a path to her grave which he who covets
most in the world's memory might even envy.
The tombstones (which the fathers of that ancient town should shame to
have recorded) have been battered and broken for relics, till much of
the inscription is gone already, and the footstone entirely removed.
But I have noted that Elizabeth Whitman was of superior merit, and had
been recognized as a child of genius in its most earnest sense. From her
earliest childhood she had been remarkable for a deeply poetic
temperament, and it appears she was recognized as a poet of no common
order by the most distinguished writers of the day--Barlow, Trumbull,
and others. Why her name and writings have not been handed down to us by
those who have essayed to make careful compilations of the literature of
the past century, I am unable to divine. She was a relative as well of
the last-named poet, Trumbull, on the side of his mother, who was Sarah
Whitman, a sister of Rev. Elnathan Whitman, the father of Elizabeth.
I find in the journals of that time the following poem, which, though
not the best of her productions, certainly gives evidence of much poetic
power:--
TO MR. BARLOW.
_By his Friend_ ELIZABETH WHITMAN, _on New Year's Day_, 1783.
Should every wish the heart of friendship knows
Be to your ear conveyed in rustic prose,
Lost in the wonders of your Eastern clime,
Or rapt in vision to some unborn time,
Th' unartful tale might no attention gain;
For Friendship knows not, like the Muse, to feign.
Forgive her, then, if in this weak essay
She tries to emulate thy daring lay,
And give to truth and warm affection's glow
The charms that from the tuneful sisters flow.
On this blest morning's most auspicious rise,
Which finds thee circled with domestic joys,
May thy glad heart its grateful tribute pay
To Him who shaped thy course and smoothed thy way--
That guardian Power, who, to thy merit kind,
Bestowed the bliss most suited to thy mind--
Retirement, friendship, leisure, learned ease,
All that the philosophic mind can please;
All that the Muses love, th' harmonious nine,
Inspire thy lays, and aid the great design.
But more than all the world could else bestow,
All pleasures that from fame or fortune flow,
To fix secure in bliss thy future life,
Heaven crowned thy blessings with a lovely wife--
Wise, gentle, good, with every grace combined
That charms the sense or captivates the mind;
Skilled every soft emotion to improve,
The joy of friendship, and the wish of love;
To soothe the heart which pale Misfortune's train
Invades with grief or agonizing pain;
To point through devious paths the narrow road
That leads the soul to virtue or to God.
O friend! O sister! to my bosom dear
By every tie that binds the soul sincere;
O, while I fondly dwell upon thy name,
Why sinks my soul, unequal to the theme?
But though unskilled thy various worth to praise,
Accept my wishes, and excuse my lays.
May all thy future days, like this, be gay,
And love and fortune blend their kindest ray;
Long in their various gifts mayst thou be blessed,
And late ascend the realms of endless rest.
Among her papers, also, after her decease, was found a pastoral on
"Disappointment," which here follows, evidently written during her
seclusion in Danvers, with this brief and pathetic letter in
stenographic characters:--
"Must I die alone? Shall I never see you more? I know that you will
come; but you will come too late. This is, I fear, my last ability.
Tears fall so fast I know not how to write. Why did you leave me in such
distress? But I will not reproach you. All that was dear I forsook for
you, but do not regret it. May God forgive in both what was amiss. When
I go from here, I will leave you some way to find me. If I die, will you
come and drop a tear over my grave?"
The poem, which continues in the same moving strain, is touching and
tender, and betrays a heart full of refinement and sensibility.
DISAPPOINTMENT.
With fond impatience, all the tedious day
I sighed, and wished the lingering hours away;
For when bright Hesper led the starry train,
My shepherd swore to meet me on the plain.
With eager haste to that dear spot I flew,
And lingered long, and then in tears withdrew.
Alone, abandoned to love's tenderest woes,
Down my pale cheeks the tide of sorrow flows;
Dead to all joy that Fortune can bestow,
In vain for me her useless bounties flow.
Take back each envied gift, ye powers divine,
And only let me call Fidelio mine.
Ah, wretch! what anguish yet thy soul must prove!
For thou canst hope to lose thy care in love;
And when Fidelio meets thy tearful eye,
Pale fear and cold despair his presence fly.
With pensive steps I sought thy walks again,
And kissed thy token on the verdant plain;
With fondest hope, through many a blissful hour,
We gave our souls to Fancy's pleasing power.
Lost in the magic of that sweet employ,
To build gay scenes and fashion future joy,
We saw mild Peace over fair _Canaan_ rise,
And shower her pleasures from benignant skies.
On airy hills our happy mansion rose,
Built but for joy--no room for future woes.
Round the calm solitude with ceaseless song,
* * * * *
Sweet as the sleep of innocence the day,
By transports measured, lightly danced away;
To love, to bliss, the unioned soul was given,
And--ah, too happy!--asked no brighter heaven.
And must the hours in ceaseless anguish roll?
Will no soft sunshine cheer my clouded soul?
Can this dear earth no transient joy supply?
Is it my doom to hope, despair, and die?
O, come once more, with soft endearments come;
Burst the cold prison of the sullen tomb;
Through favored walks thy chosen maid attend
Where well-known shades their pleasing branches bend;
Shed the soft poison of thy speaking eye,
And look those raptures lifeless words deny.
Still he, though late, reheard what ne'er could tire,
But, told each eve, fresh pleasures would inspire;
Still hope those scenes which love and fancy drew,
But, drawn a thousand times, were ever new.
Can fancy paint, can words express,
Can aught on earth my woes redress?
E'en thy soft smiles can ceaseless prove
Thy truth, thy tenderness, and love.
Once thou couldst every bliss inspire,
Transporting joy and gay desire;
Now cold Despair her banner rears,
And Pleasure flies when she appears;
Fond Hope within my bosom dies,
And Agony her place supplies.
O thou, for whose dear sake I bear
A doom so dreadful, so severe,
May happy fates thy footsteps guide,
And o'er thy _peaceful_ home preside;
Nor let E----a's early tomb
Infect thee with its baleful gloom.
Still another poem, of more genuine beauty and strength than either of
these, has been preserved in her own handwriting, which I doubt not the
reader will thank me for introducing here, although it bears more of
recrimination than the others.
Thy presents to some happier lover send;
Content thyself to be Lucinda's friend.
The soft expression of thy gay design
Ill suits the sadness of a heart like mine--
A heart like mine, forever doomed to prove
Each tender woe, but not one joy of love.
First from my arms a dying lover torn,
In early life it was my fate to mourn.
A father next, by fate's relentless doom,
With heartfelt woe I followed to the tomb.
Now all was lost; no friends remained to guide
My erring step, or calm life's boisterous tide.
Again th' admiring youths around me bowed;
And one I singled from the sighing crowd.
Well skilled he was in every winning art--
To warm the fancy, or to touch the heart.
Why must my pen the noble praise deny,
Which virtue, worth, and honor _should_ supply?
O youth beloved! what pangs my breast has borne
To find thee false, ungrateful, and forsworn!
A shade and darkness o'er my prospect spreads,
The damps of night and death's eternal shades.
The scorpion's sting, by disappointment brought,
And all the horrors of despairing thought,
Sad as they are, I might, perhaps, endure,
And bear with patience what admits no cure.
But here my bosom is to madness moved;
I suffer by the wrongs of him I loved.
O, had I died by pitying Heaven's decree,
Nor proved so black, so base, a mind in thee!
But vain the wish; my heart was doomed to prove
Each torturing pang, but not one joy of love.
Wouldst thou again fallacious prospects spread,
And woo me from the confines of the dead?
The pleasing scenes that charmed me once retrace--
Gay scenes of rapture and ecstatic bliss?
How did my heart embrace the dear deceit,
And fondly cherish the deluding cheat!
Delusive hope, and wishes sadly vain,
Unless to sharpen disappointment's pain.
These are but the fragmentary proofs of her poetic ability; still they
are the most that have been preserved bearing _full authenticity_; yet
these betray a skilful and accustomed pen, though stamped with the
bitterness of woe.
Here, then, we will take up the idea which we left several pages back,
in order to introduce a quotation from a volume of singular power in
behalf of those thus gifted, who are every where looked upon with some
degree of suspicion at least, as I find our heroine was even long before
she wandered from the path of virtue. I quote it only to soften the
harsher judgment of the world, ever eager to condemn what it cannot
comprehend; yet must it by no means be made to apologize for any sin.
While I am willing to be known as believing that genius can be governed
by no conventional laws, but is ever a law unto itself, I am also in the
full belief of the independent moral power of every individual to
regulate his own acts according to the purest code of morality. But to
the quotation, which, with the above remarks, the reader would find
pertinent to time and place had he turned over the historical pages
having a bearing on this romance which I have.
"The strong seductions and fierce trials of the heart of genius who
shall estimate? * * * What does an ordinary mind know of the inner storm
and whirlwind, as it were, of restlessness; the craving after excitement
and high action; the inability to calm the breast and repose in fixity;
the wild beatings and widowed longings after sympathy? * * * It is the
severe lot of genius that its blessedness should be its bane; _that that
wherein its heavenly franchise gives it to excel mankind is the point
wherein it should be cursed above its brethren_!"
More I might quote; but these few extracts are sufficient for my
purpose; and I hasten to conclude this chapter with what may to the
general reader appear more relevant.
* * * * *
Not many years ago the Bell Tavern, as it was ever named, was razed to
its foundation, and a new building erected on the spot where it stood.
At this time a pleasant _jeu d'esprit_ from the humorous and ready
pen--which has failed not to make its mark in the world--of Fitch Poole,
Esq., of Danvers, was published, which gained a wide credence in its
authenticity. This curious witticism affected to have discovered in the
wall of the room which "Eliza Wharton" occupied an original letter from
her to Mr. Edwards, dated May, 1778, besides various articles of her
wearing apparel, such as slippers, &c., and also her guitar, all of
which had been concealed in the ceiling since the sad close of her
history. Numbers flocked to see them; but, as it was a mere pleasantry,
the hoax was well received, and ended in the neighborhood of Danvers
with the privileged "April fool's day" of its date, although it may even
yet have believers in distant places.
Thus, kind reader, have I accomplished the task assigned me with
fidelity to truth and to humanity, and here lay the offering on the
altar of universal love without excuse.
JANE E. LOCKE.
BOSTON, 1854.
NOTE.--For important facts which have greatly aided me in preparing this
prefatory chapter I am much indebted, as I would here gratefully
acknowledge, to Ezekiel White, Esq., of Easthampton, and Mrs. H.V.
Cheney, of Montreal.
J.E.L.
[Footnote A: John Whitman, whose father was brother to the grandfather
of "Eliza Wharton," married a daughter of Rev. Mr. Foster, of Stafford,
Connecticut, who afterwards settled in Stow, Massachusetts, and who was
father of Rev. John Foster, of Brighton, Massachusetts, the husband of
the author of this book.]
THE COQUETTE;
OR,
THE HISTORY OF ELIZA WHARTON.
LETTER I.
TO MISS LUCY FREEMAN.
NEW HAVEN
An unusual sensation possesses my breast--a sensation which I once
thought could never pervade it on any occasion whatever. It is
_pleasure_, pleasure, my dear Lucy, on leaving my paternal roof. Could
you have believed that the darling child of an indulgent and
dearly-beloved mother would feel a gleam of joy at leaving her? But so
it is. The melancholy, the gloom, the condolence which surrounded me for
a month after the death of Mr. Haly had depressed my spirits, and palled
every enjoyment of life. Mr. Haly was a man of worth--a man of real and
substantial merit. He is, therefore, deeply and justly regretted by
_his_ friends. He was chosen to be a future guardian and companion for
me, and was, therefore, beloved by _mine_. As their choice, as a good
man, and a faithful friend, I esteemed him; but no one acquainted with
the disparity of our tempers and dispositions, our views and designs,
can suppose my heart much engaged in the alliance. Both nature and
education had instilled into my mind an implicit obedience to the will
and desires of my parents. To them, of course, I sacrificed my fancy in
this affair, determined that my reason should concur with theirs, and on
that to risk my future happiness. I was the more encouraged, as I saw,
from our first acquaintance, his declining health, and expected that the
event would prove as it has. Think not, however, that I rejoice in his
death. No; far be it from me; for though I believe that I never felt the
passion of love for Mr. Haly, yet a habit of conversing with him, of
hearing daily the most virtuous, tender, and affectionate sentiments
from his lips, inspired emotions of the sincerest friendship and esteem.
He is gone. His fate is unalterably, and I trust happily, fixed. He
lived the life, and died the death, of the righteous. O that my last end
may be like his! This event will, I hope, make a suitable and abiding
impression upon my mind, teach me the fading nature of all sublunary
enjoyments, and the little dependence which is to be placed on earthly
felicity. Whose situation was more agreeable, whose prospects more
flattering, than Mr. Haly's? Social, domestic, and connubial joys were
fondly anticipated, and friends and fortune seemed ready to crown every
wish; yet, animated by still brighter hopes, he cheerfully bade them all
adieu. In conversation with me but a few days before his exit, "There
is," said he, "but one link in the chain of life undissevered; that, my
dear Eliza, is my attachment to you. But God is wise and good in all his
ways; and in this, as in all other respects, I would cheerfully say, His
will be done."
You, my friend, were witness to the concluding scene; and, therefore, I
need not describe it.
I shall only add on the subject, that if I have wisdom and prudence to
follow his advice and example, if his prayers for my temporal and
eternal welfare be heard and answered, I shall be happy indeed.
The disposition of mind which I now feel I wish to cultivate. Calm,
placid, and serene, thoughtful of my duty, and benevolent to all around
me, I wish for no other connection than that of friendship.
This letter is all an egotism. I have even neglected to mention the
respectable and happy friends with whom I reside, but will do it in my
next. Write soon and often; and believe me sincerely yours,
ELIZA WHARTON.
LETTER II.
TO THE SAME.
NEW HAVEN.
Time, which effaces every occasional impression, I find gradually
dispelling the pleasing pensiveness which the melancholy event, the
subject of my last, had diffused over my mind. Naturally cheerful,
volatile, and unreflecting, the opposite disposition I have found to
contain sources of enjoyment which I was before unconscious of
possessing.
My friends here are the picture of conjugal felicity. The situation is
delightful--the visiting parties perfectly agreeable. Every thing tends
to facilitate the return of my accustomed vivacity. I have written to my
mother, and received an answer. She praises my fortitude, and admires
the philosophy which I have exerted under what she calls my heavy
bereavement. Poor woman! she little thinks that my heart was untouched;
and when that is unaffected, other sentiments and passions make but a
transient impression. I have been, for a month or two, excluded from the
gay world, and, indeed, fancied myself soaring above it. It is now that
I begin to descend, and find my natural propensity for mixing in the
busy scenes and active pleasures of life returning. I have received your
letter--your moral lecture rather; and be assured, my dear, your
monitorial lessons and advice shall be attended to. I believe I shall
never again resume those airs which you term _coquettish_, but which I
think deserve a softer appellation, as they proceed from an innocent
heart, and are the effusions of a youthful and cheerful mind. We are all
invited to spend the day to-morrow at Colonel Farington's, who has an
elegant seat in this neighborhood. Both he and his lady are strangers to
me; but the friends by whom I am introduced will procure me a welcome
reception. Adieu.
ELIZA WHARTON.
LETTER III.
TO THE SAME.
NEW HAVEN.
Is it time for me to talk again of conquests? or must I only enjoy them
in silence? I must write to you the impulses of my mind, or I must not
write at all. You are not so morose as to wish me to become a nun, would
our country and religion allow it. I ventured, yesterday, to throw aside
the habiliments of mourning, and to array myself in those more adapted
to my taste. We arrived at Colonel Farington's about one o'clock. The
colonel handed me out of the carriage, and introduced me to a large
company assembled in the hall.
My name was pronounced with an _emphasis_, and I was received with the
most flattering tokens of respect. When we were summoned to dinner, a
young gentleman in a clerical dress offered me his hand, and led me to a
table furnished with an elegant and sumptuous repast, with more
gallantry and address than commonly fall to the share of students. He
sat opposite me at table; and whenever I raised my eye, it caught his.
The ease and politeness of his manners, with his particular attention to
me, raised my curiosity, and induced me to ask Mrs. Laiton who he was.
She told me that his name was Boyer; that he was descended from a
worthy family; had passed with honor and applause through the university
where he was educated; had since studied divinity with success; and now
had a call to settle as a minister in one of the first parishes in a
neighboring state.
The gates of a spacious garden were thrown open at this instant, and I
accepted with avidity an invitation to walk in it. Mirth and hilarity
prevailed, and the moments fled on downy wings, while we traced the
beauties of Art and Nature, so liberally displayed and so happily
blended in this delightful retreat. An enthusiastic admirer of scenes
like these, I had rambled some way from the company, when I was followed
by Mrs. Laiton to offer her condolence on the supposed loss which I had
sustained in the death of Mr. Haly. My heart rose against the woman, so
ignorant of human nature as to think such conversation acceptable at
such a time. I made her little reply, and waved the subject, though I
could not immediately dispel the gloom which it excited.
The absurdity of a custom authorizing people at a first interview to
revive the idea of griefs which time has lulled, perhaps obliterated, is
intolerable. To have our enjoyments arrested by the empty compliments of
unthinking persons for no other reason than a compliance with fashion,
is to be treated in a manner which the laws of humanity forbid.
We were soon joined by the gentlemen, who each selected his partner, and
the walk was prolonged.
Mr. Boyer offered me his arm, which I gladly accepted, happy to be
relieved from the impertinence of my female companion. We returned to
tea; after which the ladies sung, and played by turns on the piano
forte; while some of the gentlemen accompanied with the flute, the
clarinet, and the violin, forming in the whole a very decent concert. An
elegant supper, and half an hour's conversation after it, closed the
evening; when we returned home, delighted with our entertainment, and
pleased with ourselves and each other. My imagination is so impressed
with the festive scenes of the day that Morpheus waves his ebon wand in
vain. The evening is fine beyond the power of description; all Nature is
serene and harmonious, in perfect unison with my present disposition of
mind. I have been taking a retrospect of my past life, and, a few
juvenile follies excepted, which I trust the recording angel has blotted
out with a tear of charity, find an approving conscience and a heart at
ease. Fortune, indeed, has not been very liberal of her gifts to me; but
I presume on a large stock in the bank of friendship, which, united
with health and innocence, give me some pleasing anticipations of future
felicity.
Whatever my fate may be, I shall always continue your
ELIZA WHARTON.
LETTER IV.
TO MR. SELBY.
NEW HAVEN.
You ask me, my friend, whether I am in pursuit of truth, or a lady. I
answer, Both. I hope and trust they are united, and really expect to
find Truth, and the Virtues and Graces besides, in a fair form. If you
mean by the first part of your question whether I am searching into the
sublimer doctrines of religion,--to these I would by no means be
inattentive; but, to be honest, my studies of that kind have been very
much interrupted of late. The respectable circle of acquaintances with
which I am honored here has rendered my visits very frequent and
numerous. In one of these I was introduced to Miss Eliza Wharton--a
young lady whose elegant person, accomplished mind, and polished
manners have been much celebrated. Her fame has often reached me; but,
as the Queen of Sheba said to Solomon, the half was not told me. You
will think that I talk in the style of a lover.
I confess it; nor am I ashamed to rank myself among the professed
admirers of this lovely fair one. I am in no danger, however, of
becoming an enthusiastic devotee. No; I mean I act upon just and
rational principles. Expecting soon to settle in an eligible situation,
if such a companion as I am persuaded she will make me may fall to my
lot, I shall deem myself as happy as this state of imperfection will
admit. She is now resident at General Richman's. The general and his
lady are her particular friends; they are warm in her praises. They tell
me, however, that she is naturally of a gay disposition. No matter for
that; it is an agreeable quality, where there is discretion sufficient
for its regulation. A cheerful friend, much more a cheerful wife, is
peculiarly necessary to a person of a studious and sedentary life. They
dispel the gloom of retirement, and exhilarate the spirits depressed by
intense application. She was formerly addressed by the late Mr. Haly, of
Boston. He was not, it seems, the man of her choice; but her parents
were extremely partial to him, and wished the connection to take place.
She, like a dutiful child, sacrificed her own inclination to their
pleasure so far as to acquiesce in his visits. This she more easily
accomplished, as his health, which declined from their first
acquaintance, led her to suppose, as the event has proved, that he would
not live to enter into any lasting engagements. Her father, who died
some months before him, invited him to reside at his house for the
benefit of a change of air, agreeably to the advice of his physicians.
She attended him during his last illness with all the care and assiduity
of a nurse and with all the sympathizing tenderness of a sister.
I have had several opportunities of conversing with her. She discovers
an elevated mind, a ready apprehension, and an accurate knowledge of the
various subjects which have been brought into view. I have not yet
introduced the favorite subject of my heart. Indeed, she seems
studiously to avoid noticing any expression which leads towards it; but
she must hear it soon. I am sure of the favor and interest of the
friends with whom she resides. They have promised to speak previously in
my behalf. I am to call, as if accidentally, this afternoon just as they
are to ride abroad. They are to refer me to Miss Wharton for
entertainment till their return. What a delightful opportunity for my
purpose! I am counting the hours--nay, the very moments. Adieu. You
shall soon again hear from your most obedient,
J. BOYER.
LETTER V.
TO MISS LUCY FREEMAN.
NEW HAVEN.