It was on the fifth night after we had landed from the wreck, that one
of the sailors who was out with his gun, trying to shoot some monkeys
that he had seen in the trees, reported that he had seen some black men
in the distance, but did not think they had seen him. He did not like
to show himself to these men, for he did not know who, or what they
might be. None of the party knew much about the natives on this coast;
there was some kind of belief that they were Caffres or Hottentots, but
whether these people were inoffensive and friendly, or the reverse, no
one really knew. When I think of what happened, and now that I know the
character and habits of the tribes in South Africa, I am surprised at
the reckless indifference that was shown by the sailors and male
passengers of our party, in not taking such precautions as should always
be taken in a strange country.
I had slept under the canvas each night near the ladies of the party,
whilst the men had selected various places near, on which they had made
a bed of grass; and by sticking a few branches of trees in the ground,
they had made a covering so as to keep off the dew, which fell very
heavily each night. Thus the men were separated, whilst I and the
females were all together.
It was towards the morning, although no signs of daylight appeared, that
I awoke suddenly, with the feeling of some danger being near. I could
not tell what it was, but it seemed like a dream in which I had escaped
some danger. I could not get to sleep again, but lay listening and
afraid to move. I must have remained in this watchful state about a
quarter of an hour, when there was a noise as of men moving through the
grass and bushes, the sound of blows, two or three groans, and then all
was quiet again. I crawled along the ground to where Constance was
lying, and found her awake and trembling. I whispered to her, "What is
it?" She said, "I don't know, but keep quiet." We were afraid to move,
but I could hear my heart beating, and it was as much as I could do to
prevent crying out. We seemed to be hours in this state before the
first signs of daylight appeared, and the objects round us could be
seen. Day breaks quickly in those latitudes, and we were soon able to
see what to us was a most astonishing and alarming sight. Seated on the
ground and looking like stone figures, there were about forty black men.
They had been sitting in a circle round the tent in which I and the
females had been sleeping. They were each armed with some short spears,
a large knobbed stick, and each had a black and white shield, which he
held in front of him. My surprise was great on first seeing these men,
and I called to Constance, who was asleep, to look at them. I could see
none of the sailors or male passengers, and wondered how it was they
were not showing themselves anywhere. As soon as Constance and the
other ladies sat up to look at the black men, they became alarmed, and
asked each other what it all meant. But they were not left long in
doubt as to what to do, for a very tall black man rose and made a speech
in a language none of us could understand; and then, signing to the
females to follow him, he strode off towards the north, and away from
the sea. By this time we were all much frightened: we did not know what
had happened, but we supposed the men had been taken inland, as we could
see no signs of them. We did not hesitate about following the man who
had spoken, for the other men closed round us and shook their sticks at
us if we hesitated about moving.
It was not till I had been many months in this country and had learned
the language that I heard all that had taken place on that eventful
night; and it may aid the reader to better understand our position if I
now describe those details which were afterwards so graphically
described to me.
Our ship had been wrecked on the coast of South Africa, about midway
between Natal and Algoa Bay, and not far from a river termed the
Umzimvubu, Imvubu being the native name of the hippopotamus, several of
which animals are inhabitants of this river. The natives in this part
were a branch of the great Zulu nation, but independent of the Zulus.
They were sometimes called the Amapondas, but they were more pleased to
be called Amazimvubu. This tribe was ruled over by a chief called
Inyati, or the Buffalo, and was strong enough to be feared by the
Amakosa tribes to the west, and respected by the Zulus to the east. In
their habits they resemble the Zulus, and were given to use the short
stabbing assagy in preference to the light assagy used for throwing by
the Amakosa. They lived in huts similar to those of the other South
African Caffres, and were great cultivators of the soil, growing mealies
or Indian corn, a smaller grain called m'beli, pumpkins, and sugar-cane.
They were lovers of cattle, and a man's riches consisted of herds of
cattle and of wives.
I learned that the second day after we had been wrecked we had been
discovered by these people, who had then set a watch on us; and it
having been discovered that the men possessed firearms, and that there
were women belonging to the party, it was decided that an attack should
be made on the men during the night, and by surprise. Every detail of
our camp was known to these people. By concealing themselves in the
bush they had noted where each man lay down to sleep. Two Caffres had
then been told off to assagy each individual, and to do it so quietly
that no alarm should be given. Every plan was so well arranged that, at
a given signal, each man had been stabbed dead at once, and his body
carried away and thrown in the water. The females, it was known, slept
under the canvas, and they were not to be touched. I, being always with
them and having long curly hair, was supposed to be a little girl, and
so was spared; and when it was known that I was not a girl, I was
allowed to live as I was so young. All these details were described to
me by a young Caffre who had been present at the massacre, and whose
first adventure had been at this affair.
We had walked for some hours along narrow paths that sometimes led
through bushes, at others over hills and down valleys, and at length
reached a collection of huts, which I afterwards learned was named
_must_, or, as the Dutch and English call it, a kraal. At this kraal
several men, women, and children came out to look at us, all seeming
much amused at our appearance, and especially astonished at the long
hair of the ladies, for the Caffres have only short and woolly hair.
We were given some milk at this kraal, and I observed that the Caffre
who had spoken to us when I first awoke seemed to be giving orders to
all the men, and when they replied to him they often said "_Inkose_." I
tried to make these people understand me by saying a few words in
Hindostani, but they could not understand me and shook their heads. On
my repeating to them the first word I learned, viz., _Inkose_, they
nodded, and pointing to the large Caffre, said "_Yena Inkose_" This, I
afterwards learnt, meant "He is the chief."
We continued our journey during three days, resting at night in the
kraals; and we saw thousands of Caffres, who were all alike, and who all
seemed equally surprised at our appearance. At length we reached a
kraal that was far larger than any we had hitherto seen, and on nearing
which the Caffres came out in crowds and shouted "_Inkose_" and shook
hands with all the men whom we had first seen. I and the three ladies
were shown a hut, into which we had to crawl on our hands and knees: we
then laid down, for we were all very tired and footsore. We were given
some milk and some Indian corn boiled, but we saw no meat, these people
apparently living entirely on corn and milk.
Mrs Apton and her daughter sat crying in the hut, and exclaiming that
we should all be killed and probably eaten; but Constance seemed very
brave and said that, considering how we had escaped from the wreck, we
ought not to despair now. We all talked over our probable future, and
tried to guess what had become of the men of the party. The Caffres had
managed their slaughter so quietly that it was not till I could speak
the language that we discovered what had happened to them. On the first
night at this kraal the moon was full, and all the men belonging to this
village and also those from several near it assembled, and, lighting a
large fire, sat in a circle round it, and sang songs the whole night.
We could not sleep in consequence of the noise, and we did not feel
certain that we were not going to be killed and roasted at the fire, for
we knew so little of the Caffres that we believed them to be cannibals.
It was just at daybreak when a Caffre came to the kraal and beckoned me
to come out, saying "_E-zapa_" which meant "Come here." Thinking I was
to be taken out and roasted, I clung to Constance and cried; but the
Caffre dragged me away, and led me to where there were some dozen men
sitting apart and talking. When I was dragged to where they were
sitting, I was made to sit down, and a long conversation took place, two
men seeming to be arguing with each other: one was the Inkose who had
captured us, the other I had never seen before.
Had I then known the subject that was being discussed between them, I
should have been more frightened than I was, but luckily all was settled
without my knowledge. When the men of our party had been assagied, the
orders were to spare the females; and I was supposed to be a little
girl, as I was always with the ladies. The Caffres, however, soon found
out that I was a boy, and the question now was whether I should be
assagied or allowed to live. The chief was in favour of my being
allowed to live, and determined to take me as his adopted son; whilst
another chief recommended that I should be put to death. It took some
hours for the council to talk over the matter, but at length it was
decided that I was to be allowed to live, and was at once to be brought
up as a Caffre.