Produced by Don Kretz, Juliet Sutherland, and Distributed Proofreaders
[Illustration]
SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN
A WEEKLY JOURNAL OF PRACTICAL INFORMATION, ART, SCIENCE, MECHANICS,
CHEMISTRY, AND MANUFACTURES.
NEW YORK, DECEMBER 28, 1867.
Vol. XVII.--No. 26. [NEW SERIES.]
$3 per Annum [IN ADVANCE.]
* * * * *
Contents: (Illustrated articles are marked with an asterisk.)
*Improvement in Hulling and Cleansing Hominy
Nitro Glycerin
*Hisert's Adjustable Cultivator Tooth
Remedy for Cold Feet in City Cars
Getting Your Money Back
Patent Claims
Pending Applications for Reissues
The Last Number of Volume XVII
Commencement of a New Volume
A Change at the Patent Office
Obituary
How to Make Intelligent Workmen--Go and Do Likewise
The SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN as a Medium of Business
*Hunt's Improved Steam Packing Piston
The Iron Clads at Sea
*Improvement in Hand Drills
*Improved Method of Securing Cutters on Boring Bars
Tides and Their Causes
The Great Hoosac Tunnel
Horse-hair Snakes--Wonderful Transformation
Man Proposes, but God Disposes
Extraordinary Effects of an Earthquake
Recent American and Foreign Patents
Answers to Correspondents
Business and Personal
Manufacturing, Mining, and Railroad Items
Patent Office Decision
* * * * *
Improvement in Hulling and Cleansing Hominy.
Many of our readers well remember when "hulled corn" was a standing
winter dish. This was corn or maize the kernels of which were denuded
of their "hulls" by the chemical action of alkalies, which, however,
impaired the sweetness of the food. Hominy is corn deprived of the
hulls by mechanical means leaving the corn with all its original flavor
unimpaired. Hominy is a favorite dish throughout the country, but is not
always entirely free from particles of the outer skin of the kernels.
The mill shown in perspective in the engraving is intended to obviate
this objection.
[Illustration: DONALDSON'S PATENT HOMINY MILL.]
The corn is placed in the hopper, A, from which it is fed to the hulling
cylinder contained in the case, B. The hulling machinery is driven by
a belt on the pulley, C, the other end of the shaft of which carries
a pinion which gives motion to the gear wheel, D. This, by means of a
pinion on the shaft of the blower, E, drives the fans of the blower. On
the other, or front end of the shaft which carries the gear, D, is a
bevel gear by which another bevel gear and worm is turned. The worm
rotates the worm gear, F, in two opposite arms of which are slots that
carry pins projecting inwards, which may be moved toward or away from
the center. This gear wheel turns free on the shaft that carries the
pulley, C, and is intended for opening, by means of the pins in the
arms and levers, a cover in the bottom of the hopper and a valve in the
bottom of the hulling cylinder. Coiled or bent springs return these
levers or valves to place when the pin which moves them has passed.
A wrist-pin on the gear, D, forms a crank which is connected to a bar
at the rear end of the sieves, G, pivoted to an arm at H, by which the
sieves have a shaking or reciprocating motion as the machine operates.
The blower drives out the hulls and the motion of the sieves with their
inclined position insure access of the air to every portion of the
hominy.
It will be noticed that the connection of all the parts is absolute. The
motion of the sieves, the speed of the blower, and the action of the
inlet hopper valve and the delivery hulling valve are always exactly
proportioned to the speed of the hulling cylinder, whether fast or slow.
The upper or feed valve opens upward and has a downward projecting lip
that shuts into a recess in its seat which insures security against
leakage from the hopper to the hulling cylinder during the intervals of
its being raised; a great advantage in hominy making, as no grain ought
to get into the batch until that in the cylinder is done.
Patented Oct. 15, 1867, by John Donaldson, who may be addressed for
further information at Rockford, Ill.
* * * * *
Nitro-Glycerin.
Professor Doremus of this city was called as a witness at the inquest
upon the bodies of the unfortunate persons killed by the recent
explosion at Bergen, N.J. The Professor having previously analyzed some
of the explosive mixture, testified as follows:--"I have subjected it
to chemical analysis, and find it to correspond to the formula C_{6},
H_{3}, O_{3}, and NO_{5}; it is well made nitro-glycerin; the substance
freezes at about 46; it is made to decompose in a very peculiar way; on
moistening paper with it it burns with rapidity; it does not explode
when red-hot copper is placed in it; we tried it with the most intense
heat--we can produce with a galvanic battery with two hundred cells
holding a gallon and a half each; some nitro-glycerin was placed in a
cup and connected with one of the poles of the battery; through a pencil
of gas carbon the other poles of the battery were connected with the
glycerin, no explosion ensued; but when the point touched the britannia
vessel the nitro-glycerin took fire, a portion burning and the rest
scattering about; this is as severe a test as we can submit it to in the
way of heat under the pressure of the air; we therefore would conclude
that nitro-glycerin carried about exposed cannot explode, even if you
drop a coal of fire into it; if the liquid is confined, or is under
pressure, then an explosion will ensue; if paper be moistened with
it and put on an anvil and a smart blow given with a hammer, a sharp
detonation ensues; if gunpowder or the fulminates of mercury, silver or
gun-cotton be ignited in a vacuum by a galvanic battery, none of them
will explode; if any gas be introduced so as to produce a gentle
pressure during the decomposition, then a rapid evolution of gases will
result; the results of decomposition in a vacuum differ from those under
atmospheric pressure or when they are burnt in a pistol, musket,
a cannon, or in a mine; where we have little or no pressure it is
difficult to get these substances to burn rapidly; nitro-glycerin is
more difficult to explode than powder; in many respects it resembles
gun-cotton which is made in a similar way; if gun-cotton be immersed
in the proto-chloride of iron it turns into common cotton; the
same experiment was tried with nitro-glycerin by mixing it with
proto-chloride of iron, and it reverted into common glycerin; there
are four well known varieties of gun-cotton made by employing acids of
different strengths; they differ in chemical composition and properties,
as well as in their explosive qualities; the late Minister of War in
Austria in 1862 stated to me that he had ordered four hundred cannon for
gun-cotton, and six months after he stated that he had ordered all
the cannon to be changed and adapted to powder, in consequence of
spontaneous combustions; much less is known of nitro-glycerin than of
gun-cotton, and probably several varieties of this article may be formed
as of gun cotton; this would explain cases of spontaneous explosion; if
the nitro-glycerin is not carefully washed to get rid of the acid, a
gradual decomposition will ensue, producing gases, which, if the vessel
be closed, will explode; my opinion is that nitro-glycerin should be
used in the most careful hands; do not think I would put it in the hands
of a common laborer for blasting purposes; it is less dangerous in a
frozen than a liquid state; I think concussion would explode frozen
nitro-glycerin.
* * * * *
HISERT'S ADJUSTABLE CULTIVATOR TOOTH.
The object of the device exhibited in the engraving is to allow the
teeth of a cultivator to turn slightly and avoid obstructions, while
they will follow at all times the line of draft, so that in turning the
cultivator there is no risk of breaking the teeth or their shanks, or
of overturning the implement. The cultivator blade, A, may be of any
desired form, and it is secured to the curved shank, B, which is pivoted
by a bolt to the beam, C. On the under or lower side of the beam is an
iron plate, D, having a projecting socket, E, which is the stud or pin
on which the eye of the shank turns. A bolt passing through the socket
and beam holds the shank in place. Farmers will readily perceive the
advantages of this device. It may be applied to any or all of the
different cultivators now in use. Patented Sept 3, 1867, by B.F. Hisert
who may be addressed for rights to make or sell at Norton Hill, Green
Co., N.Y., or address G.W. King, Scoharie, N.Y.
[Illustration]
* * * * *
Remedy for Cold Feet in City Cars.
"Riding down town these cold mornings in the horse cars, the unpleasant
sensation of chilled feet reminds us of the plan adopted in France and
other parts of Europe to keep the feet of car passengers warm. This is
accomplished by inserting a flattened iron tube along the bottom of the
car lengthwise in the center, between the rows of seats. This tube is
raised a little above the floor level of the car to afford a rest for
the feet, yet, not enough to make a stumbling block. When the car leaves
the depot this tube is filled with hot water from a boiler kept heated
for the purpose, and this water retains its heat and gives a pleasant
warmth to the feet of the passengers and the car generally, for about
two hours, after which the tube is refilled at a convenient station on
the road. In the case of our city cars this might easily be done, and be
a cheap and exceedingly comfortable improvement."--_Evening Post_.
It should be understood that the French cars are arranged with small
compartments like stage coaches, and the passengers sit face to face,
with the warming tube above described under their feet. One tube
for every six persons. We should be glad, indeed, to see this plan
introduced here. But it is not to be expected that our city railroad
companies will do anything for the comfort of their passsengers, while
without such trouble they continue to reap rich harvests. Very likely
the idea of loading a lot of hot water upon their cars, for passengers
to stand upon, would strike them as a good joke. Their poor, broken
down, spavined horses, could not stand any additional load.
* * * * *
Getting Your Money Back.
The French are a curious people and one of the novelties of Parisian
enterprises is a large warehouse, in which are sold, at retail, all
manner of goods, from a diamond necklace to a shoe brush. The purchaser,
having paid the price, receives not only the goods, but a bond for the
whole amount of his purchase money, payable, after thirty years, and
guaranteed by the Credit Foncier and other moneyed corporations. The
prices charged are said to be no greater than in any other retail shops.
This is really eating your cake in order to keep it; the more you
spend the richer you will be; indeed it sets at defiance the whole of
Franklin's code of proverbs, and proves "Poor Richard" a silly fellow.
Imagine Jones lecturing his wife on her economy, and reproaching her for
a spirit of saving, "My dear, if you had bought this camel's hair shawl
thirty years ago, it would now be a source of income to us; if you
had not been so close we should now be wealthy." Smith acquires an
independence by giving his children an expensive education, and sees in
every new dress or costly jewel which his growing daughters wear, a new
mine of wealth for himself. If he can only persuade them to spend money
enough he is sure of a support in his old age.
* * * * *
A GIGANTIC BRIDGE.--A suspension bridge is to be erected by M. Oudry,
engineer, over the Straits of Messina, Sicily, from Point Pezzo, on the
Calabrian Coast. It is to consist of four spans of 3,281 feet each,
elevated about 150 feet above high-water level, so that the largest
ships may pass under. The proposed Roebling bridge over the East River,
between New York and Brooklyn, is to have a single span of 1,600 feet.
* * * * *
The through mails to the West now go in iron-bound boxes instead of
leathern bags. Each box, tightly packed, contains about eight hundred
letters.
* * * * *
The first steam vessel used in Great Britain was called the _Comet_, and
built by Henry Bell in 1812. It was thirty tuns burden.
* * * * *
OFFICIAL REPORT OF PATENTS AND CLAIMS
Issued by the United States Patent Office,
FOR THE WEEK ENDING DECEMBER 10, 1867.
_Reported Officially for the Scientific American_
PATENTS ARE GRANTED FOR SEVENTEEN YEARS the following being a schedule
of fees:--
On filing each Caveat $10
On filing each application for a Patent, except for a design $15
On issuing each original Patent $20
On appeal to Commissioner of Patents $20
On application for Reissue $30
On application for Extension of Patent $50
On granting the Extension $50
On filing a Disclaimer $10
On filing application for Design (three and a half years) $10
On filing application for Design (seven years) $15
On filing application for Design (fourteen years) $30
In addition to which there are some small revenue-stamp taxes. Residents
of Canada and Nova Scotia pay $500 on application.
_Pamphlets containing the Patent Laws and full particulars of the mode
of applying for Letters Patent, specifying size of model required,
and much other information useful to Inventors, may be had gratis by
addressing MUNN & CO., Publishers of the Scientific American, New York._
* * * * *
71,836.--MACHINE FOR NOTCHING KNITTING NEEDLES.--W. Aiken, Franklin,
N.H.
I claim 1st, The improved machine, substantially as described, for
effecting the several operations of notching, slotting, boring, and
burring a knitting machine needle blank, in the order and manner as
explained.
2d, Also, the combination of one or more vibratory clamps, Y, the cam,
E, and the two burrs or cutters, q r, for forming the notches in the
needle blank such clamp or clamps, cam and cutters being provided with
mechanism for operating them, substantially as described.
3d, Also the combination of one or more vibratory clamps Y, the cam, E,
the two burrs or cutter wheels, q r, and the slotting burr or cutters,
s, provided with mechanism for operating them substantially as
explained,
4th, Also, the combination of one or more rotary clamps, Y, the cam,
E, the burrs or cutter wheels, q r s, and the drill, u, provided with
mechanism for operating them, substantially as set forth.
5th, Also, the combination of one or more vibrating clamps, the burring
cutter, t, the drill, u, and the slotting cutter, s, arranged and
provided with mechanism for operating, substantially as explained.
71,837.--TEA AND COFFEE POT.--Alfred Arnold, Tenafly, N.J.
I claim 1st, In a tea or coffee boiler, the base, D, so constructed and
adapted, relatively to the other parts, that an oscillating motion will
be imparted to the vessel by process of ebullition, substantially as
shown and described.
2d, In combination with the base or heating-surface, D, the chambers, b
b', and diaphragm, E, or their equivalents, substantially as arranged
and described, and for the purposes shown.
71,838.--TOOL FOR SIZING LAMP CHIMNEYS.--Lewis J. Atwood, (assignor to
himself and Holmes, Booth and Haydens), Waterbury, Conn.
I claim the adjustable sizing and shaping-jaws employed, substantially
as specified, in the manufacture of glass lamp chimneys and similar
articles.
71,839.--MODE OF PREVENTING THE UNTWISTING OF THE ENDS OF WIRE ROPE
BANDS.--Arthur Barbarin, New Orleans, La.
I claim a wire rope band, in which the ends of the several wires
composing the same are soldered together, substantially as herein
described and shown in the accompanying drawings, and for the purposes
set forth.
71,840.--SPRING-BED BOTTOM.--Alonzo B. Baty, Binghamton, N.Y.
I claim the construction and application of the bracket, B, in
combination with the bail or pendant, C, the springs, D D, transverse
pieces, F F, and slats, A A, all being constructed substantially as
herein described and represented, for the purpose set forth.
71,841.--HORSE-RAKE.--H.L. Beach, Montrose, Pa., assignor to Beach Wheel
Horse-Rake Manufacturing Company, N.Y.
I claim 1st, The teeth heads, N, constructed and operating substantially
as described.
2d, In combination with the teeth heads, N, the teeth, Q, substantially
as described.
3d, The arms, K, and teeth heads, N, combined and operating
substantially as set forth.
4th, The cleaners, M, teeth heads, N, and teeth, Q, when combined for
the purposes indicated.
5th, The blocks, f, pins, c, sliding bar, E, and lever, G, when combined
for the purposes set forth.
6th, The hooks, i i, and pins, j, secured in the axle for the purpose
shown.
7th, The washers, P, combined with the teeth and teeth heads,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
71,842.--APPARATUS FOR LIGHTING STREET GAS-LAMPS.--J. W. Beard, St.
Johns, New Brunswick.
I claim the combination of the hook, F, and the perforated cap, E, with
the lamp, D', to be affixed on a pole or staff, as set forth.
Also, the combination of the curved or hooked arms, c c, with the key,
k, of the cock of the burner, and their arrangement with respect, to the
opening in the bottom of the lantern, as explained.
Also, the combination of the socket tube, e, with the lamp, D', its
hook, F, and perforated cap, E.
Also the combination of the receiving tube, f, and bayonet connection,
g, with the socket tube, e, the lamp, D', its hook and perforated cap,
as described.
71,843.--CALIPER AND T-SQUARE.--Joseph Bennor, Philadelphia, Pa.
I claim the rule, a, stand, c, slide, m, legs, p and q, marker, u,
cutter, w, with their several described appendages, all combined in the
manner and for the purpose substantially as shown and described.
71,844.--REFRIGERATOR.--Ferdinand Borchard, Detroit, Mich.
I claim 1st, A refrigerator which is provided with movable racks, H,
within cooling chambers which are arranged beneath an ice chamber,
B, constructed with inclined walls, a a a, a drip pan, D, and an
ice-supporting rack, c, substantially as and for the purposes described.
2d, Providing the movable racks, with sliding brackets, I, which are so
applied as to serve as supports for the outer ends of the racks when
drawn partially out of their respective apartments, substantially as
described.
71,845.--CONSTRUCTION OF METAL SALVERS.--George Brabrook, (assignor to
Reed and Barton), Taunton, Mass.
I claim the arrangement and combination of the metallic ring and cap
molding together, and with the waiter or salver, in manner substantially
as and for the purpose specified.
Also, as a new or improved manufacture, a waiter or salver of britannia
metal, having a metallic strengthening-ring and cap molding combined and
arranged with its body in manner as specified.
71,846.--MANUFACTURE OF SHOES, ETC.--M.L. Brett, Warren, Ohio.
I claim the construction of a seamless shoe, etc., by felting, in the
manner set forth, as a new article of manufacture.
71,847.--CONSTRUCTION OF SCOOPS.--Theo. C. Bromley, Fort Howard, Wis.
I claim the cone-shaped back and the circular raised brace.
71,848.--WATER-RESERVOIR FOR EXTENSION-TOP STOVE.--Chas. H. Buck, St
Louis, Mo.
I claim 1st, the boiler, D, constructed with a depression in its rear
side, in combination with a stove made with the extended top, A, and
with a stovepipe, C, which is entirely independent of the boiler, but
still is partly enclosed by the boiler, in the manner and for the
purpose described.
2d, The boiler, D. with its depression in its rear side made wholly
independent of the pipe, C, but capable of enclosing a portion of said
pipe, and of being removed without disturbing the pipe, as herein
described and shown.
71,849.--JOURNAL-BOX.--T.F. Burgess, Lowell, Mass.
I claim the drips, e e, and conducting holes, d d, in combination with
the recesses, b b, when arranged to operate substantially as described
and for the purposes fully set forth.
71,850.--HAY ELEVATOR.--E.H. Carpenter, Dexter, Mich.
I claim 1st, In combination with a cable, A, frame, F, wheels, G,
sheave, E, and rope, C, the disengaging device, consisting of a collar,
M, stop, L, and vertical catch, K, enclosing the cable, A, and rope, C,
and operated substantially as described.
2d, The combination of the frame, F, rope, C, collar, M, stop, L, catch,
K, and valves, H, cams, I, and lever, l', said parts being constructed
and the whole arranged substantially as set forth.
71,831.--STEAM GENERATOR.--C.E. Case, Xenia, Ohio.
I claim the metal cup, G, constructed and arranged substantially upon
the principle and in the manner herein set forth.
71,852.--LOOM FOR WEAVING PALM-LEAF, ETC.--Geo. W. Chandler, (assignor
to himself and Lysander F. Thompson), Fitchburg, Mass.
I claim 1st, The hinged holder, G, substantially as and for the purposes
set forth.
2d, The combination of the hinged fingers, c c, with the ribs, b b b,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
3d, The combination of the adjustable weight, G', with the bottom of the
holder, for the purposes set forth.
4th, The combination with the hinged fingers, c c, of the hinged
holding-piece, G", substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
5th, The fingered stop or guard piece, h', with the holder, G
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
6th, The combination, with the stand or plate, h, of the grooved hinged
flap, i, for supporting the guard or stop piece, h'.
7th, The combination with the ribbed holder, G, of the guide piece, s,
as and for the purposes set forth.
The combination of the feed arm, m, with the slide-piece, n, and lever,
26, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
9th, the combination with lever, 26, of the adjustable ears, 27 27, for
the purposes stated.
10, The combination with slide piece, n, and table, L, of the connecting
piece, 21, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
11th, The combination with the slotted slide piece, M", and connecting
piece, 21, of the double shouldered bolts, 18 18, substantially as and
for the purposes set forth.
12th, The combination with the curved lever, M, and the slide piece, M",
of the bent levers, M' M', substantially as and for the purposes set
forth.
13th, The combination with the arm, 70, and notched bar, w, of the
sping-pawl, t, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
14th, Mechanism for separating the pieces of material to be fed,
constructed and combined for operation substantially as described, and
as shown in fig. 7, of the accompanying drawings.
15th, The combination with a loom for weaving palm-leaf and other cloth,
of a push-finger, 41, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
16th, The combination with the stem of the push finger, 41, of
the catch-piece, 42, lever, 44, and operating springs, 43 and 46,
substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
17th, The combination with the slide, n, of the projection or dog, 47,
for releasing lever, 46, from the catch-piece, 42, as set forth.
18th, The combination with the hinged table, L, of the mechanism for
separating and feeding the material, substantially as set forth.
19th, The combination with the stationary bed, L", and stand, 72, of the
hinged table, L, and catch, o, substantially as set forth.
20th, The combination and relative arrangement with the table, L, bed,
L", and holder, G, of the evener knives, 12 and 14, as shown and set
forth.
21st, The combination with the bridge piece, 50, of the hinged dog, 52,
and bell-spring, 53, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.
22d, The combination and relative arrangement of mechanism,
substantially such as is shown and described for communicating the
proper motions to the feed arms, S, from lever, K.
23d, The combination with a loom for weaving palm-leaf of mechanism
substantially such as shown and described for stopping the loom, as set
forth.
71,853.--PITMAN COUPLING.--G. W. Clark, Manchester, Ind.
I claim the arrangement of forked pitman, A G G', bolt, H, screw shanked
hook, D, and nuts, F F', or their equivalents, substantially as and for
the purpose set forth.
71,854.--MACHINE FOR MAKING LEVEES.--Ernest Comeaux, Bayou Goula, La.
I claim 1st, The endless apron in combination with the hinged adjustable
frame, K, operating as described for elevating the earth used in making
levees, in the manner and for the purpose set forth.
2d, The combination of the endless apron, F, chains, H, slats, J, and
adjustable supporting-frame, K, and standards, L, as herein described
for the purpose set forth.
3d, The above in combination with the spur-wheels, C and B, and the
endless chain, D, as herein described for the purpose set forth.
72,855.--CONSTRUCTION OF ROOF.--M. De K. Cutts, Richmond, Va.
I claim 1st, A tobacco drying house which is provided with a sectional
hinged roof in combination with frames, A, which support the tobacco
leaves while being dried and cured substantially as described,
2d, The supporting posts, G, in combination with hinged sections, B B',
elevating devices, and supporting frames, constructed and arranged in
such manner that the leaves of tobacco upon said frames can be exposed
to the action of the sun and air at pleasure substantially as described.
71,856.--CAR BRAKE.--Shadrach Davis, Dartmouth, Mass.
I claim a car brake, consisting of the broad connecting bar, C1, which
rests on pivots, F1, working in slots, and has the brake-shoes movable
fixed to it, the whole combined as described, operated by the bar,
I2, and screw rod, H2, and by contact with the wheels as and for the
purposes set forth.
71,857.--FEEDER FOR GRAIN MILL.--Michael Decamp, South Bend, Ind.
I claim 1st, The combination of the device, D, bridge ring-bearing, a b,
feeder, c, and collar, e, substantially as described,
2d, The toothed eccentric, J, in combination with lever, G, and collar,
e, substantially as described.
71,858.--PAINTER'S EASEL.--Paul Deschause, New York city.
I claim 1st, The extensible legs, consisting of the hinged legs, a, and
their extension sliding parts, b, made and arranged substantially as
described.
2d, Also the combination of the legs with the toggle-brace, c c,
substantially as described.
3d, Also, the extensible rest, composed of the fixed part, e, and the
sliding part, d, in combination with the fixed and movable clamps, f g,
substantially as described.
71,859.--GUIDE FOR SAW IN SAW MILLS.--Hiram P. Dillingham, Norwalk,
Ohio.
I claim the plates, A and A', guides, B B', and C and C', the whole
constructed substantially as described, and operating as and for the
purposes set forth.
71,860.--PRODUCING CALCIUM MAGNESIUM LIGHT.--Chas. A. Dresser, New York
city. George A. Dresser, Trustee;
I claim the preparation of dolomite, native or artificial substantially
as and for the purpose described.
71,861.--CALENDAR ATTACHMENT TO INKSTAND.--Sam'l. R. Dummer, New York
city.
I claim 1st, An inkstand, etc., constructed with a series of shoulders
or rests, B, whether one or more and one above another, in combination
with the rings, C, and plate or frame, D, or their respective
equivalents substantially as and for the purpose described.
2d, In combination with the above, the two tubes, H M, and plunger, O,
as herein set forth for the purpose specified.
71,862.--PLANING MACHINE FOR WOOD.--G. B. Durkee and W. H. Murray,
(assignor to themselves and I. T. Safford), Chicago, Ill.
We claim 1st, The employment of two separately adjustable cutter heads
in a single machine, so that the axis of one cutter may be at the angle
of the other at a different angle, and both cutters operating at the
same time upon the same board, substantially as specified.
2d, The crossheads, C, cutter-heads, E, screws, D and G, in combination
with the standards, B, constructed and operating substantially as
specified.
71,863.--SELF-ADJUSTING RELAY MAGNET.--J. M. Fairchild, (assignor to
himself, J. K. Bundy, and J. M. Townsend), New Haven, Ct.
I claim the arrangement of the head, C, combined with the magnet so
as to be self-adjusting in relation to the armature, substantially as
herein set forth.
71,864.--CORN CAKE CUTTER.--Leonard Felker, Tewksbury, Mass.
I claim the rotating cylinder i, with its cutters, i'i', in combination
with the rotating cylinder, f, with the stationary knives, f'f', and
adjustable finishers, g g, when arranged to operate substantially as
described and set
2d, The pressure rotating cylinder, f, with stationary knives, f'f', and
adjustable finishers, g g, substantially as described and set forth.
3d, The clearer, m, in combination with the rotating cutters, i'i', as
described.
4th, The adjustable stands, d d, and lever, p, in combination with the
table, b', and weight, o, when arranged to operate substantially as
described.
71,865.--MEASURING FAUCET.--Elisha Fitzgerald, N. Y. city.
I claim the combination of a four way cock with a receptacle having a
movable partition operated by the water, substantially as described,
for the purpose of limiting and determining the amount of water to be
discharged, as specified.
Also, in combination with the above, the dial and pointer, to indicate
the amount of water discharged, as described.
71,866.--TWEER.--Charles C. Forncrook, Hermitage, N. Y.
I claim the combination of the valve, d, adjustable bridge, g, chamber,
B, and tweer, A, arranged and operating substantially in the manner and
for the purpose set forth.
71,867.--COTTON TIE.--John H. Fraley, New Orleans, La.
I claim the combination of the buckles, A and B, when they are
constructed and united as described, with the ends of hoop iron, when
bent into the form of hooks, as and for the purpose set forth.
71,868.--BRIDGE.--John Glass, George P. Schneider, and William B.
Rezner, Cleveland. Ohio.
We claim, 1st, The tubular flanged sections, A B, as arranged in
combination with the diaphragm, C, for the purpose and in the manner
substantially as set forth.
2d, The tubular arch, as constructed, with sections, A B C, in
combination with the foot block, I, provided with a flange or boss, K,
when arranged in the manner as and for the purpose set forth.
71,869.--OIL CUP.--John H. Gomer, New York city.
I claim the combination of the cap, B, with its screw flange, b, and
case, A, provided with suitable tube, C, in the manner and for the
purpose herein specified.
71,870.--PEAT MACHINE.--George D. Goodrich, Chicago, Ill.
I claim, 1st, The adjustable bearing for the shaft, B, composed of
two or more segments, r, constructed and operating substantially as
described.
2d, The separate troughs, I, located below the tempering mill, when
more than one expelling screw is employed, so as to give each screw a
separate and independent action, substantially as specified.
3d, The cutter or knife, F, for cutting the material into suitable
lengths in a peat machine having a continuous discharge from the
expelling mill, substantially as specified.
4th, Closing the mouth of the die by an adjustable intermittent stop or
knife, when so arranged that the movements can be varied with respect to
the movements of the other operating parts of the machine, substantially
as specified.
5th, The double slotted plate or wheel, K, provided with the sockets, h,
and pins, i, for the purpose of adjusting the movements of the cutter
stop or knife, F, substantially as described.
6th, The combination of the separate troughs, I, expelling screws, H,
and cutter stop, F, with a tempering mill, substantially as specified.
71,871.--RATCHET BED KEY.--William M. Gray, Brooklyn, N. Y.
I claim the bed key constructed and arranged as above described, as a
new article of manufacture.
71,872.--MODE OF PREVENTING THE EXPLOSION OF LAMPS.--Cyrus P. Grosvenor,
McGrawville, N.Y.
I claim the application to lamps or heaters, using coal oils, alcohol,
or other explosive substances, of such a burner as will supply the
vacuum made in the reservoir by the combustion with nitrogen gas, the
burner being constructed as herein described, or in any other form
substantially the same, and which will produce the intended effect.
71,873.--CAR-AXLE BOX.--Joseph Harris, Dorchester, Mass.
I claim, 1st, The roller guides, i, with detached radial joints,
substantially as described.
2d, In combination with the system of rollers and box, g, the
construction of the axle, with its extension, e, and shoulder, d, as and
for the purpose set forth.
71,874.--WASHING MACHINE.--Job H. Haskell (assignor to himself and
Horace Taplin), Lowell, Mass.
I claim the general construction and combination of all the parts,
consisting of the cylinder, G, series of yielding rollers, a, roller
stands, k, spring bars, f, levers or arms, m, spring bar, D, transverse
bar, R, rod, O, and the box, the whole arranged to operate substantially
as and for the purpose set forth.
71,875.--HORSE RAKE.--John V. Hawkey (assignor to himself and Israel T.
Sheffler), Greensburg, Pa.
I claim, 1st, A rake shaft or head, arranged outside of the periphery of
the wheels, projecting laterally beyond them, and so jointed that its
sections can be folded vertically upon the carrying frame without
detaching any of the parts of the rake, substantially as described.
2d, An axially turning rake-shaft, so jointed that its outer sections
can be folded inwards without detaching any of its parts.
3d, The combination of the inner fixed section of the rake shaft with
the outer vertically folding sections, projecting beyond the wheels,
substantially as and for the purpose described.
4th, The combination, substantially as described, with a jointed rake
shaft, of hinges allowing the sections to fold vertically, and a locking
device to hold them rigidly when unfolded.
5th, The arrangement as described, of the top pins, m, on the folding
sections, to secure them in position when folded up.
6th, The combination in a horse rake, of an axially turning folding rake
shaft, with a rock shaft controlled by a handle on the driver's platform
to raise and lower the teeth.
7th, The arrangement, in a horse rake, of an axially turning jointed
rake shaft, mounted on the rear end of the thills, and supported on two
wheels mounted on independent axles.
71,876.--APPARATUS FOR DRAINING SUGAR.--James B. Hill, Allegheny City,
Pa.
I claim the combination and arrangement of the hopper, C, provided with
valve, d, case, B, screen, R, distributing drum, P, distributor, f,
provided with valve, i, scraper, S, chute h, and pipe, t, the whole
being constructed, arranged, and operating substantially in the manner
herein described, and for the purpose set forth.
71,877.--CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE FOR DRAINING SUGAR.--James B. Hill,
Allegheny City, Pa.
I claim the use of a fan when used in combination with the shield,
m, distributor, f, screen, R, case, B, hopper, C, and scraper, S,
constructed, arranged, and operating, substantially in the manner herein
described, and for the purpose set forth.
71,878.--CARD HOLDER.--Samuel L. Hill, Brooklyn, N.Y.
I claim, in combination with a back or support, the use or employment
of any number of strips when the same shall be constructed and combined
substantially as shown for the purpose specified.
71,879.--FISHING LINE SWIVEL.--Martin Hiltz, Gloucester, Mass.
I claim the improved swivel, as made with the screw bolt, D, and the nut
chamber, e, arranged and combined, as explained, with the parts, A B C,
constructed and applied together as specified.
61,880.--IMPLEMENT FOR LIGHTING GAS.--Thomas W. Houchin, Morrisania,
N.Y.
I claim, 1st, Placing a receiver, A, at the lower end of a tube, B, for
the purposes fully described.
2d, The combination of a receiver, A, tubes, B, and wick chamber, C,
when the same shall be constructed substantially as described, for the
purposes set forth.
71,881.--CORN-POPPER.--J. W. Howe, and J. K. Barton, Worcester, Mass.
We claim, 1st, The combination of the twisted wires, a a a' a', with
the handle, B, and receptacle, A, substantially as and for the purposes
described.
2d, The combination of the wires, a' a', with handle, B, receptacle, A,
and cover of the same, as and for the purposes described.
3d, The combination of the wires, a a a' a', with each other,
receptacle, A, and cover of same, as shown and described.
71,882.--COPY BOOK.--Benj. G. Howes, Worcester, Mass.
I claim the copy book, constructed substantially as described.
71,883.--PETROLEUM GAS BURNER.--G. A. Hyver, New Orleans, La.
I claim, 1st, The combination of the pipe, D, when filled with finely
broken charcoal, with the concentric or annular chamber, F, the latter
being provided with pipes, b, extending upwardly into the cup furnace or
heat retort, H, as and for the purpose substantially as set forth.
2d, The combination of the pipe, D, when filled with finely broken
charcoal, the concentric or annular chamber, F, pipes, b, and pipe, d,
with the gas pipe, c, when the latter is provided with the valve, J, for
regulating the flow of gas, as and for the purpose described.
3d, The gas pipe, c, when constructed and arranged with relation to the
chamber, F, and one of the pipes, b, as described, in combination with
the valve, J, for the purpose set forth.
4th, The combination of the concentric or annular chamber, F, and
pipes, b, with the cup furnace or heat retort, H, when the latter is
constructed as described, and shown upon the drawings, and occupies the
relation to the former herein set forth, for the purpose set forth.
5th, The pipe, d, in combination with one of the pipes, b, for the
purpose of affording a light for illuminating purposes, as herein
described.
71,884.--SHAFT COUPLING.--John Keesey, Chester, Pa.
I claim the combination of the box, hub, or shell, B, reverse
wedge-shaped blocks, C C', and bolts, D D', with their nuts, E E', or
the equivalents of these devices, arranged for operation together,
substantially as and for the purposes herein set forth.
71,885.--CLAMP SCREW.--Charles L Kingsley (assignor to Charles Parker),
Meriden, Conn.
I claim the nut, E, formed with the seats, F, and the lever, G, formed
with the trunnions, I, so as to be combined and operate in the manner
and for the purpose described.
71,886.--MACHINE FOR BENDING WOOD.--Joseph Klahr, Bernville, assignor to
himself, W.R. Weand, C.H. Zink, and James J. Wagenhorst, Philadelphia,
Pa.
I claim, 1st, The formers, F F', with their arms, p p', levers, k k',
and catches, q, or their equivalents, in combination with the clamps, G,
the whole being constructed and operating substantially as and for the
purpose described.
2d, The combination of the above, the weighted levers, D D', and the
links, l.
3d, The adjustable plates, B B', with their shoulders, c, operating in
combination with the formers, and their projections, q, substantially as
and for the purpose described.
71,887.--OIL CAN.--George Alvan Knowlton, Natick, Mass.
I claim, 1st, The stoppers, D and I, retracted from their respective
orifices by a single trigger, H h', and provided with two springs, G J,
to insure the effective closure of both said orifices, substantially as
described.
2d, In a valved oil can, constructed as above specified, the arrangement
of the trigger, H h', obliquely on the upper side of the handle, A', as
and for the purpose set forth.
71,888.--FENCE.--Ira Lackey, Lebanon, Ohio.
I claim the combination of the sills, A, braces, C, and hooks or loops,
i j, with the grooved posts, a c, of the panels, when the parts are
constructed and arranged to form a detachable and portable fence, in the
manner and for the purpose specified.
71,889.--BUTTER DISH.--Nathan Lawrence (assignor to Reed and Barton),
Taunton, Mass.
I claim the arrangement and combination of the friction spring with the
cover and vase, the journal and the bearing to extend entirely around
the said journal, as specified.
71,890.--HARVESTER RAKE.--Edward J. Leyburn, Lexington, Va.
I claim, 1st, Connecting the rake arm, E', to a loose collar, c, on reel
shaft, B, by means of a pivot, d', carrying an arm, f, in combination
with the jointed connecting rod, h, substantially as described.
2d, The arresting plate, G2, in combination with the rake pivot,
d', arm, f, and collar, c, and connecting rod, h, substantially as
described.
3d, The cam plate, G G1, in combination with the rake pivot, d', loose
collar, c, and connecting rod, h, substantially as described.
4th, The anti-friction roller, i, applied to the arm, f, of the rake
pivot, in combination with the arresting plate, G2, substantially as
described.
5th, Connecting the arm, f, which is in the rake pivot, d, to the reel
shaft or reel arm thereof, by means of a rod, h, and universal joint,
h', substantially as described.
6th, The application of a weight, g, to an arm, f, of the rake pivot,
when said arm is upon a loose collar, c, and arranged to operate
substantially as described.
71,891.--WASHING MACHINE.--Reuben Lighthall, Brooklyn, N.Y.
I claim the detachable holder, A, with the set screw, B, in combination
with the slotted lever, D, and the rollers, F F', and the cam, H, as and
for the purpose set forth.
71,892.--PROCESS FOR RENDERING PAPER, CLOTH, AND THE LIKE, FIRE AND
WATER PROOF.--Robert O. Lowrey, Salem, N.Y.
I claim the process, substantially as herein described, of treating
fibrous and other materials for rendering them fire and water proof.
71,893.--COMPOSITION OF MATTER FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF WATER PROOF PAPER
AND OTHER ARTICLES.--Robert O. Lowrey, Salem, N.Y.
I claim, 1st, The new compound or composition of matter, produced by the
treatment of vegetable fiber, substantially as described.
2d, The process herein described of treating vegetable fiber for
producing a new compound, substantially as set forth.
71,894.--STREET SWEEPER.--Robert Y. McConnell and Geo. Pringle,
Rochester, N.Y.
We claim, 1st, The pinions, a, of the counter shaft, s, combined with
carrier wheels, W, of street sweepers, by suitable sliding clutches, c,
all arranged substantially as shown and described, and for the purpose
of equalizing the strength and efficiency of those portions of the
machine.
2d, The broom shaft, b, and the counter shaft, s, arranged substantially
as shown, being held by means of the adjustable rigid straps, y, for the
purposes set forth.
3d, The spring clutches, c, governed by means of the hand lever, D,
connecting rod, f, lever, k, and the counter inclined planes, m, all
arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the purposes
set forth.
71,895.--UTERINE SUPPORTER.--Frederick Meriwether, Tamola, Miss.
I claim the combination, as described, of the spring, E, composed of
copper or other soft metal, with the pessary, for the purposes set
forth.
Also, the combination, substantially as described, of the pelvic spring,
the vertically adjustable bar and set screw, the soft metal spring, E,
the pessary pillar, F, and the pessary, for the purposes specified.
71,896.--RAILROAD SIGNAL.--Abraham S. Miller (assignor to himself, J.P.
James, and Charles Folsom), Zanesfield, Ohio.
I claim, 1st, The combination of the trigger, E, and rock shaft, F
f, with a railroad signal and suitable intermediate connections, so
arranged that the contact of the train with said trigger shall throw the
signal into its conspicuous position, substantially as described.
2d, The arrangement of the trigger, E, rock shaft, F f, arm, H, link, I,
lever, G, wire, J, eccentric lever, L, catch, M, and shaft, B, signal,
A, and weight, B', or its equivalent (P P1 P2 Q), substantially as and
for the purpose specified.
3d, The arrangement of the trigger, E', rock shaft, F' f', arm, H',
and rod or other suitable connection, N, all arranged and operating
substantially as and for the purpose set forth.
4th, The combination, with the disk or signal, A, of the reflecting
plate, a substantially as and for the object stated.
71,897.--SPINNING WHEEL.--Henry Miller, Ronald Township, Mich.
I claim the arrangement of the adjustable and hinged rods and levers,
constructed as herein described, for connecting the rocking treadle with
the hinged spindle arm, so that the operator, by the foot, may move the
spindle arm out or in at pleasure, as set forth and represented.
71,898.--BOOTS AND SHOES.--Charles Mole, Pembroke Terrace, Regent's
Park, London, England.
I claim the manufacture of a movable boot heel in two parts, to be
adjusted in different positions by means of a single central projection
taking into a single slot hole or countersunk part, and secured in
position by means of a central screw or pin, whether such projection and
hole or countersunk part be square or many sided, and no matter what the
shape of these sides, so that the shape of the projection and that of
the hole which is to receive it be identical, the whole substantially as
hereinbefore described and illustrated on the annexed sheet of drawing.
71,899.--WATER COOLER AND REFRIGERTOR.--Alfred Murden and Henry L.
Cooper (assignors to themselves and Fiancis Warner), New Haven, Conn.
We claim the arrangement of the cylinder, A, and outer cylinder, C, so
as to form a water space, D, and combined with covers, E and G, so as to
form a chamber, F, above the water space, D and ice cylinder, A, so that
the cover, E, forms the bottom of and the cover, G, the top of the said
chamber, in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.
71,900.--CONSTRUCTION OF STAMPED SHEET METAL KETTLES.--Frederic G.
Niedringhaus and William F. Niedringhaus, St. Louis, Mo.
We claim the spout of a kettle when formed by pressure from the bottom
and top plate of the kettle, when constructed substantially as shown and
specified.
71,901.--BREAST STRAP SLIDE.--O.B. North (assignor to O.B. North & Co.),
New Haven, Conn.
I claim, 1st, The arrangement of the hinged tongue, E, upon the plate,
A, so as to cover the ring, substantially in the manner herein set
forth.
2d, Constructing the hook or projection, D, upon the inside of the
plate, by forming an opening, d, through the plate, substantially as and
for the purpose herein set forth.
71,902.--SNOW PLOW.--Abel Nutting, Quincy, Mass
I claim the rotary plow, arranged to operate substantially as set forth.
Also, in combination with such a plow, inclines, or shares, fixed, with
respect to the frame by which they are supported, substantially as
described.
71,903.--STEAM GENERATOR.--Isaac R. Oakford, Philadelphia. Pa.
I claim a steam generator, composed of a series of cylindrical boilers,
of round ends, provided with openings for steam and water, and arranged
in a vertical and inclined position, in the manner and for the purpose
above set forth and described.
71,904.--CASTER FOR FURNITURE.--P.B. O'Brien and Wm. E. Sparks, New
Haven, Conn., assignors to P.B. O'Brien.
We claim the arrangement of the spring, a, in the spindle, B,
and combined with the socket, C, so as to operate in the manner
substantially as described.
71,905.--RAILWAY FROG.--Staats N. Park, Bloomsbury, N.J.
I claim, 1st, So constructing the frogs of railways that the frog plate
and the rail or track sections, guard rails, and frog point are separate
from each other, and so that the rail sections and guard rails and frog
point can be inserted in or attached to and detached from the frog
plate, for the uses and purposes set forth.
2d, So constructing the frogs of railways or the frog plate, that the
track rails of any railway can be extended upon and combined with such
frog plate to form the track or rail section of the frog, substantially
as and for the purposes set forth.
71,906.--HARVESTER.--Henry W. Pell, Rome, N.Y.
I claim. 1st, The carriage, C, supported at both ends on wheels or
rollers, cc, running on a guide way, S, substantially as and for the
purposes specified.
2d, The rib or groove joint between the friction rollers and guideway,
to sustain the lateral pressure, as set forth.
3d, The clevis pin or whiffletree bolt, B, attached to the center of the
carriage, C.
4th, The independent attachment of the draught clevis to the whiffletree
bolt to permit the independent oscillation of the whiffletree without
affecting the clevis.
71,907.--MEDICAL COMPOUND.--M. Perl, New Orleans, La.
I claim the medical compound herein described, when made by the process
and composed of the ingredients herein specified, in the proportions
stated, for the purpose set forth.
71,908.--MACHINERY FOR SHAVING AND SLOTTING SCREWS.--Elijah S. Pierce,
Hartford, Conn.