IN A FOG HE IS SET TO WORK AS A BELL-TOLLER, AND BEHOLDS A HERD OF
OCEAN-ELEPHANTS
What is this that we sail through? What palpable obscure? What smoke
and reek, as if the whole steaming world were revolving on its axis, as
a spit?
It is a Newfoundland Fog; and we are yet crossing the Grand Banks,
wrapt in a mist, that no London in the Novemberest November ever
equaled. The chronometer pronounced it noon; but do you call this
midnight or midday? So dense is the fog, that though we have a fair
wind, we shorten sail for fear of accidents; and not only that, but
here am I, poor Wellingborough, mounted aloft on a sort of belfry, the
top of the _“Sampson-Post,”_ a lofty tower of timber, so called; and
tolling the ship’s bell, as if for a funeral.
This is intended to proclaim our approach, and warn all strangers from
our track.
Dreary sound! toll, toll, toll, through the dismal mist and fog.
The bell is green with verdigris, and damp with dew; and the little
cord attached to the clapper, by which I toll it, now and then slides
through my fingers, slippery with wet. Here I am, in my slouched black
hat, like the _“bull that could pull,”_ announcing the decease of the
lamented Cock-Robin.
A better device than the bell, however, was once pitched upon by an
ingenious sea-captain, of whom I have heard. He had a litter of young
porkers on board; and while sailing through the fog, he stationed men
at both ends of the pen with long poles, wherewith they incessantly
stirred up and irritated the porkers, who split the air with their
squeals; and no doubt saved the ship, as the geese saved the Capitol.
The most strange and unheard-of noises came out of the fog at times: a
vast sound of sighing and sobbing. What could it be? This would be
followed by a spout, and a gush, and a cascading commotion, as if some
fountain had suddenly jetted out of the ocean.
Seated on my Sampson-Post, I stared more and more, and suspended my
duty as a sexton. But presently some one cried out—_“There she blows!
whales! whales close alongside!”_
A whale! Think of it! whales close to _me,_ Wellingborough;— would my
own brother believe it? I dropt the clapper as if it were red-hot, and
rushed to the side; and there, dimly floating, lay four or five long,
black snaky-looking shapes, only a few inches out of the water.
Can these be whales? Monstrous whales, such as I had heard of? I
thought they would look like mountains on the sea; hills and valleys of
flesh! regular krakens, that made it high tide, and inundated
continents, when they descended to feed!
It was a bitter disappointment, from which I was long in recovering. I
lost all respect for whales; and began to be a little dubious about the
story of Jonah; for how could Jonah reside in such an insignificant
tenement; how could he have had elbow-room there? But perhaps, thought
I, the whale which according to Rabbinical traditions was a female one,
might have expanded to receive him like an anaconda, when it swallows
an elk and leaves the antlers sticking out of its mouth.
Nevertheless, from that day, whales greatly fell in my estimation.
But it is always thus. If you read of St. Peter’s, they say, and then
go and visit it, ten to one, you account it a dwarf compared to your
high-raised ideal. And, doubtless, Jonah himself must have been
disappointed when he looked up to the domed midriff surmounting the
whale’s belly, and surveyed the ribbed pillars around him. A pretty
large belly, to be sure, thought he, but not so big as it might have
been.
On the next day, the fog lifted; and by noon, we found ourselves
sailing through fleets of fishermen at anchor. They were very small
craft; and when I beheld them, I perceived the force of that sailor
saying, intended to illustrate restricted quarters, or being _on the
limits. It is like a fisherman’s walk,_ say they, _three steps and
overboard._
Lying right in the track of the multitudinous ships crossing the ocean
between England and America, these little vessels are sometimes run
down, and obliterated from the face of the waters; the cry of the
sailors ceasing with the last whirl of the whirlpool that closes over
their craft. Their sad fate is frequently the result of their own
remissness in keeping a good look-out by day, and not having their
lamps trimmed, like the wise virgins, by night.
As I shall not make mention of the Grand Banks on our homeward-bound
passage, I may as well here relate, that on our return, we approached
them in the night; and by way of making sure of our whereabouts, the
deep-sea-lead was heaved. The line attached is generally upward of
three hundred fathoms in length; and the lead itself, weighing some
forty or fifty pounds, has a hole in the lower end, in which, previous
to sounding, some tallow is thrust, that it may bring up the soil at
the bottom, for the captain to inspect. This is called “arming” the
lead.
We “hove” our deep-sea-line by night, and the operation was very
interesting, at least to me. In the first place, the vessel’s heading
was stopt; then, coiled away in a tub, like a whale-rope, the line was
placed toward the after part of the quarter-deck; and one of the
sailors carried the lead outside of the ship, away along to the end of
the jib-boom, and at the word of command, far ahead and overboard it
went, with a plunge; scraping by the side, till it came to the stern,
when the line ran out of the tub like light.
When we came to haul _it_ up, I was astonished at the force necessary
to perform the work. The whole watch pulled at the line, which was rove
through a block in the mizzen-rigging, as if we were hauling up a fat
porpoise. When the lead came in sight, I was all eagerness to examine
the tallow, and get a peep at a specimen of the bottom of the sea; but
the sailors did not seem to be much interested by it, calling me a fool
for wanting to preserve a few grains of the sand.
I had almost forgotten to make mention of the Gulf Stream, in which we
found ourselves previous to crossing the Banks. The fact of our being
in it was proved by the captain in person, who superintended the
drawing of a bucket of salt water, in which he dipped his thermometer.
In the absence of the Gulf-weed, this is the general test; for the
temperature of this current is eight degrees higher than that of the
ocean, and the temperature of the ocean is twenty degrees higher than
that of the Grand Banks. And it is to this remarkable difference of
temperature, for which there can be no equilibrium, that many seamen
impute the fogs on the coast of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland; but why
there should always be such ugly weather in the Gulf, is something that
I do not know has ever been accounted for.
It is curious to dip one’s finger in a bucket full of the Gulf Stream,
and find it so warm; as if the Gulf of Mexico, from whence this current
comes, were a great caldron or boiler, on purpose to keep warm the
North Atlantic, which is traversed by it for a distance of two thousand
miles, as some large halls in winter are by hot air tubes. Its mean
breadth being about two hundred leagues, it comprises an area larger
than that of the whole Mediterranean, and may be deemed a sort of
Mississippi of hot water flowing through the ocean; off the coast of
Florida, running at the rate of one mile and a half an hour.