and in which the material to be dried is piled directly on the
floor.
=Pollen.= The fertilizing powder produced by the anther.
=Pores.= Minute orifices in wood.
=Porous.= Containing pores.
=Preliminary steaming.= Subjecting wood to a steaming process
before drying or seasoning.
=Progressive kiln.= A drying arrangement with openings at both
ends, and in which the material enters at one end and is discharged
at the other.
=Rick.= A pile or stack of lumber.
=Rift.= To split; cleft.
=Ring shake.= A large check or crack in the wood following an
annual ring.
=Roe.= A peculiar figure caused by the contortion of the woody
fibres, and takes a wavy line parallel to them.
=Sapwood.= The outer portions of the tree next to the bark;
alburnam.
=Saturate.= To cause to become completely penetrated or soaked.
=Season checks.= Small openings in the ends of the wood caused
by the process of drying.
=Seasoning.= The process by which wood is dried or seasoned.
=Seedholes.= Minute holes in wood caused by wood-destroying
worms or insects.
=Shake.= A large check or crack in wood caused by the action of
the wind on the tree.
=Shrinkage.= A lessening or contraction of the wood substance.
=Skidways.= Material set on an incline for transporting lumber or
logs.
=Species.= In science, a group of existing things, associated according
to properties.
=Spermatophyta.= Seed-bearing plants.
=Spring-wood.= Wood that is formed in the spring of the year.
=Stamen.= The pollen-bearing organ of the flower, usually consisting
of filament and anther.
=Stigma.= That part of the pistil which receives the pollen.
=Style.= That part of the pistil which connects the ovary with the
stigma.
=Taproot.= The main root or downward continuation of the plant
axis.
=Temporary checks.= Checks or cracks that subsequently close.
=Tissue.= One of the elementary fibres composing wood.
=Thunder shake.= A rupture of the fibres of the tree across the
grain, which in some woods does not always break them.
=Tornado shake.= (See Thunder shake.)
=Tracheids.= The tissues of the tree which consist of vertical cells
or vessels closed at one end.
=Warping.= Turning or twisting out of shape.
=Wind shake.= (See Thunder shake.)
=Working.= The shrinking and swelling occasioned in wood.
=Wormholes.= Small holes in wood caused by wood-destroying
worms.
=Vernation.= The arrangement of the leaves in the bud.
=Whorl.= An arrangement of organs in a circle about a central axis.
INDEX OF LATIN NAMES
Abies amabalis, 21
Abies balsamea, 20
Abies concolor, 20
Abies grandis, 20
Abies magnifica, 21
Abies nobilis, 21
Acer macrophyllum, 69
Acer negundo, 69
Acer Pennsylvanicum, 70
Acer rubrum, 69
Acer saccharinum, 69
Acer saccharum, 68
Acer spicatum, 69
Æsculus flava, 45
Æsculus glabra, 45
Æsculus octandra, 45
Ailanthus glandulosa, 37
Asimina triloba, 76
Betula lenta, 41
Betula lutea, 42
Betula nigra, 43
Betula papyrifera, 43
Betula populifolia, 42
Betula rubra, 43
Buxus sempervirens, 77
Carpinus Caroliana, 44
Castanea Americana, 48
Castanea chrysophylla, 49
Castanea dentata, 48
Castanea pumila, 48
Castanea vesca, 48
Castanea vulgaris, 48
Catalpa bignonioides, 46
Catalpa speciosa, 46
Celtis occidentalis, 62
Chamæcyparis Lawsonia, 18
Chamæcyparis thyoides, 17
Cladrastis lutea, 85
Cornus florida, 49
Cupressus nootkatensis, 18
Diospyros Virginia, 77
Evonymus atropurpureus, 82
Fagus ferruginea, 40
Fraxinus Americana, 37
Fraxinus Caroliniana, 39
Fraxinus nigra, 38
Fraxinus Oregana, 38
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica, 38
Fraxinus pubescens, 38
Fraxinus quadrangulata, 38
Fraxinus sambucifolia, 38
Fraxinus viridis, 38
Gleditschia triacanthos, 66
Gymnocladus dioicus, 49
Hicoria alba, 64
Hicoria glabra, 64
Hicoria minima, 64
Hicoria ovata, 64
Hicoria pecan, 64
Ilex monticolo, 65
Ilex opaca, 64
Juglans cinerea, 45
Juglans nigra, 82
Juniperus communis, 19
Juniperus Virginiana, 18
Larix Americana, 22
Larix laricina, 22
Larix occidentalis, 22
Libocedrus decurrens, 18
Liquidamber styraciflua, 54
Liriodendron tulipfera, 81
Maclura aurantiaca, 76
Magnolia acuminata, 67
Magnolia glauca, 67
Magnolia tripetala, 67
Morus rubra, 70
Nyssa aquatica, 60
Nyssa sylvatica, 62
Ostrya Virginiana, 65
Oxydendrum arboreum, 80
Picea alba, 28
Picea canadensis, 28
Picea engelmanni, 28
Picea mariana, 27
Picea nigra, 27
Picea rubens, 28
Picea sitchensis, 28
Pinus banksiana, 27
Pinus cubensis, 26
Pinus divaricata, 27
Pinus enchinata, 26
Pinus flexilis, 24
Pinus inops, 27
Pinus Jeffreyi, 25
Pinus Lambertiana, 24
Pinus monticolo, 24
Pinus Murryana, 27
Pinus palustris, 24
Pinus ponderosa, 25
Pinus resinosa, 25
Pinus rigida, 26
Pinus strobus, 23
Pinus tæda, 25
Pinus Virginiana, 27
Platanus occidentalis, 80
Platanus racemosa, 81
Populus alba, 79
Populus angulata, 77
Populus balsamifera, 79
Populus fremontii, 78
Populus grandidentata, 79
Populus heteropylla, 78
Populus monilifera, 77
Populus nigra italica, 79
Populus tremuloides, 79
Populus trichocarpa, 78
Populus Wislizeni, 78
Prunus Pennsylvanica, 47
Prunus serotina, 47
Pseudotsuga douglasii, 29
Pseudotsuga taxifolia, 29
Pyrus coronaria, 49
Quercus acuminata, 73
Quercus alba, 71
Quercus aquatica, 73
Quercus bicolor, 72
Quercus chrysolepis, 76
Quercus coccinea, 75
Quercus digitata, 75
Quercus durandii, 71
Quercus falcata, 75
Quercus garryana, 71
Quercus ilicijolia, 74
Quercus imbricaria, 75
Quercus lobata, 72
Quercus lyrata, 73
Quercus macrocarpa, 72
Quercus marilandica, 75
Quercus Michauxii, 74
Quercus minor, 74
Quercus nigra, 75
Quercus obtusiloda, 74
Quercus palustris, 73
Quercus phellos, 72
Quercus platanoides, 72
Quercus prinoides, 74
Quercus prinus, 73
Quercus pumila, 74
Quercus rubra, 74
Quercus tinctoria, 74
Quercus velutina, 74
Quercus virens, 75
Rhamnus Caroliniana, 45
Robinia pseudacacia, 66
Robinia viscosa, 66
Salix alba, 83
Salix amygdaloides, 84
Salix babylonica, 84
Salix bebbiana, 84
Salix discolor, 84
Salix fluviatilis, 84
Salix fragilis, 84
Salix lucida, 84
Salix nigra, 83
Salix rostrata, 84
Salix vitellina, 83
Sassafras sassafras, 80
Sequoia sempervirens, 19
Taxodium distinchum, 19
Taxus brevifolia, 30
Thuya gigantea, 17
Thuya occidentalis, 17
Tilia Americana, 39
Tilia heterophylla, 39
Tilia pubescens, 39
Tsuga canadensis, 21
Tsuga mertensiana, 21
Ulmus alata, 51
Ulmus Americana, 50
Ulmus crassifolia, 51
Ulmus fulva, 51
Ulmus pubescens, 51
Ulmus racemosa, 50
Umbellularia Californica, 65
INDEX
Abele, Tree, 79
Absorption of water by dry wood, 124
Acacia, 66
Acacia, false, 66
Acacia, three-thorned, 66
According to species, different kiln drying, 170
Advantages in seasoning, 128
Advantages of kiln-drying over air-drying, 156
Affect drying, properties of wood that, 156
Ailanthus, 37
Air circulation, 173
Air-drying, advantages of kiln-drying over, 156
Alaska cedar, 18
Alaska cypress, 18
Alcoholic liquids, stave and heads of barrels containing, 112
Almond-leaf willow, 84
Ambrosia or timber beetles, 99
American box, 49
American elm, 50
American larch, 22
American linden, 39
American oak, 71
American red pine, 25
Anatomical structure, 14
Annual ring, the yearly or, 10
Apartment dry kiln, 198
Apple, crab, 49
Apple, custard, 76
Apple, wild, 49
Appliances in kiln-drying, helpful, 237
Arborvitæ, 17
Ash, 37
Ash, black, 38
Ash, blue, 38
Ash, Carolina, 39
Ash, green, 38
Ash, ground, 38
Ash, hoop, 38
Ash-leaved maple, 69
Ash, Oregon, 38
Ash, red, 38
Ash, white, 37
Aspen, 39, 79
Aspen, large-toothed, 78
Aspen-leaved birch, 42
Aspen, quaking, 79
Atmospheric pressure, drying at, 146
Bald Cypress, 19
Ball tree, button, 80
Balm of gilead, 79
Balm of gilead fir, 20
Balsam, 20, 79
Balsam fir, 20
Bark and pith, 8
Bark on, round timber with, 106
Barrels containing alcoholic liquids, staves and heads of, 112
Barren oak, 75
Bar willow, sand, 84
Basket oak, 74
Basswood, 39
Basswood, small-leaved, 39
Basswood, white, 39
Bastard pine, 26
Bastard spruce, 29
Bay poplar, 60
Bay, sweet, 67
Bear oak, 74
Beaver wood, 67
Bebb willow, 84
Bee tree, 39
Beech, 40
Beech, blue, 44
Beech, red, 40
Beech, water, 44, 80
Beech, white, 40
Berry, sugar, 62
Beetles, ambrosia or timber, 99
Big bud hickory, 64
Bilsted, 54
Birch, 41
Birch, aspen-leaved, 42
Birch, black, 41
Birch, canoe, 43
Birch, cherry, 41
Birch, gray, 42
Birch, mahogany, 41
Birch, old field, 42
Birch, paper, 43
Birch, red, 42
Birch, river, 43
Birch, silver, 42
Birch, sweet, 41
Birch, white, 42, 43
Birch, wintergreen, 41
Birch, yellow, 42
Bird cherry, 47
Bitternut hickory, 64
Black ash, 38
Black birch, 41
Black cherry, 47
Black cottonwood, 78
Black cypress, 19
Black gum, 62
Black hickory, 64
Black jack, 75
Black larch, 22
Black locust, 66
Black nut hickory, 64
Black oak, 74
Black pine, 25, 27
Black spruce, 27
Black walnut, 44, 82
Black willow, 83
Blower dry kiln, operation of, 186
Blower or hot blast dry kiln, 185
Blue ash, 38
Blue beech, 44
Blue poplar, 81
Blue willow, 83
Bois d'Arc, 45, 76
Bolts, stave, heading and shingle, 109
Borers, flat-headed, 103
Borers, powder post, 105
Borers, round-headed, 101
Box, American, 49
Box elder, 69
Box dry kiln, 204
Broad-leaved maple, 69
Broad-leaved trees, 31
Broad-leaved trees, list of most important, 37
Broad-leaved trees, wood of, 31
Brown hickory, 64
Brown locust, 66
Buckeye, 45
Buckeye, fetid, 45
Buckeye, Ohio, 45
Buckeye, sweet, 45
Buckthorne, 45
Bud hickory, big, 64
Bull nut hickory, 64
Bull pine, 25
Bur oak, 72
Burning bush, 82
Bush, burning, 82
Bush, juniper, 18
Butternut, 45
Button ball tree, 80
Button wood, 80
California Redwood, 19
California white pine, 25
Canadian pine, 25
Canary wood, 81
Canoe birch, 43
Canoe cedar, 17
Carolina ash, 39
Carolina pine, 26
Carolina poplar, 77
Cars, method of loading kiln, 206
Catalpa, 46
Cedar, 17
Cedar, Alaska, 18
Cedar, canoe, 17
Cedar, elm, 51
Cedar, ground, 19
Cedar, incense, 18
Cedar of the West, red, 17
Cedar, Oregon, 18
Cedar, pencil, 18
Cedar, Port Orford, 18
Cedar, red, 18, 19
Cedar, white, 17, 18
Cedar, yellow, 18
Changes rendering drying difficult, 140
Characteristics and properties of wood, 1
Checking and splitting, prevention of, 129
Cherry, 47
Cherry birch, 41
Cherry, bird, 47
Cherry, black, 47
Cherry, Indian, 45
Cherry, red, 47
Cherry, rum, 47
Cherry, wild, 47
Cherry, wild red, 47
Chestnut, 48
Chestnut, horse, 45, 65
Chestnut oak, 73
Chestnut oak, rock, 73
Chestnut oak, scrub, 74
Chinquapin, 48, 49
Chinquapin oak, 73, 74
Chinquapin oak, dwarf, 74
Choice of drying method, 195
Circassian walnut, 60
Circulation, air, 173
Clammy locust, 66
Classes of trees, 5
Cliff elm, 50
Coast redwood, 19
Coffee nut, 49
Coffee tree, 49
Color and odor of wood, 89
Color, odor, weight, and figure in wood, grain, 86
Composition of sap, 116
Conditions and species, temperature depends on, 171
Conditions favorable for insect injury, 106
Conditions governing the drying of wood, 156
Conditions of success in kiln-drying, 169
Coniferous trees, 8
Coniferous trees, wood of, 8
Coniferous woods, list of important, 17
Containing alcoholic liquids, staves and heads of barrels, 112
Cooperage stock and wooden truss hoops, dry, 112
Cork elm, 50
Cotton gum, 60
Cottonwood, 49, 77, 78
Cottonwood, black, 78
Cottonwood, swamp, 78
Cow oak, 74
Crab apple, 49
Crab, fragrant, 49
Crack willow, 84
Crude products, 106
Cuban pine, 26
Cucumber tree, 49, 67
Cup oak, mossy, 72
Cup oak, over-, 72, 73
Custard apple, 76
Cypress, 19
Cypress, Alaska, 18
Cypress, bald, 19
Cypress, black, 19
Cypress, Lawson's, 18
Cypress, pecky, 19
Cypress, red, 19
Cypress, white, 19
D'Arc, Bois, 45, 76
Deal, yellow, 23
Demands upon soil and moisture of red gum, 56
Depends on conditions and species, temperature, 171
Description of the forest service kiln, theory and, 161
Diagram, the uses of the humidity, 237
Difference between seasoned and unseasoned wood, 121
Different grains of wood, 86
Different kiln-drying according to species, 170
Different species, weight of kiln-dried wood of, 95
Different types, kilns of, 196
Different types of dry kilns, 185
Different types of kiln doors, 231
Difficult, changes rendering drying, 140
Difficulties of drying wood, 138
Distribution of water in wood, 114
Distribution of water in wood, local, 114
Distribution of water in wood seasonal, 115
Dogwood, 49
Doors, different types of kiln, 231
Douglas spruce, 29
Downy linden, 39
Downy poplar, 78
Dry cooperage stock and wooden truss hoops, 112
Drying according to species, different kiln, 170
Drying, advantages of kiln-drying over air, 156
Drying at atmospheric pressure, 146
Drying by superheated steam, 150
Drying, conditions of success in kiln, 169
Drying difficult, changes rendering, 140
Drying gum, kiln, 180
Drying, helpful appliances in kiln, 237
Drying, kiln, 164, 177
Drying, losses due to improper kiln, 141
Drying method, choice of, 185
Drying, methods of kiln, 145
Drying, objects of kiln, 168
Drying of green red gum, kiln, 183
Drying of wood, kiln, 156
Drying of wood, physical conditions governing the, 156
Drying, physical properties that influence, 125
Drying, properties of wood that effect, 141
Drying, theory of kiln, 157
Drying, underlying principles of kiln, 166
Drying under pressure and vacuum, 146
Drying, unsolved problems in kiln, 143
Drying wood, difficulties of, 138
Drying 100 lb. of green wood in the kiln, pounds of water lost, 179
Dry kiln, apartment, 198
Dry kiln, box, 204
Dry kiln, operation of the blower, 186
Dry kiln, operation of the moist-air, 192
Dry kiln, moist-air or pipe, 188
Dry kiln, pocket, 200
Dry kiln, progressive, 196
Dry kiln, requirements in a satisfactory, 160
Dry kilns, different types of, 185
Dry kiln specialties, 206
Dry kilns, types of, 185
Dry kiln, tower, 202
Dry wood, absorption of water by, 124
Duck oak, 73
Due to improper kiln-drying, losses, 141
Dwarf chinquapin oak, 74
Effects of Moisture on Wood, 117
Elder, box, 69
Electric heater, the, 250
Elimination of stain and mildew, 136
Elm, 50
Elm, American, 50
Elm, cedar, 51
Elm, cliff, 50
Elm, cork, 50
Elm, hickory, 50
Elm, moose, 51
Elm, red, 51
Elm, rock, 50
Elm, slippery, 51
Elm, water, 50
Elm, winged, 51
Elm, white, 50
Enemies of wood, 98
Evaporation of water, manner of, 123
Evaporation, rapidity of, 124
Expansion of wood, 135
Factories, Scalometer in, 249
False acacia, 66
Favorable for insect injury, conditions, 106
Fetid buckeye, 45
Fibre saturation point in wood, 118
Field birch, old, 42
Field pine, old, 25, 26
Figure in wood, 96
Figure in wood, grain, color, odor, weight, and, 86
Final steaming of gum, 182
Fir, 20
Fir, balm of gilead, 20
Fir balsam, 20
Fir, noble, 21
Fir, red, 21, 29
Fir tree, 20
Fir, white, 20, 21
Fir, yellow, 29
Flat-headed borers, 103
Forest service kiln, theory and description of, 161
Form of the red gum, 55
Fragrant crab, 49
Gauge, the Recording Steam, 246
Georgia pine, 24
Gilead, balm of, 79
Gilead fir, balm of, 20
Ginger pine, 18
Glaucous willow, 84
Governing the drying of wood, physical conditions, 156
Grain, color, odor, weight, and figure in wood, 86
Grains of wood, different, 86
Gray birch, 42
Gray pine, 27
Green ash, 38
Green red gum, kiln-drying, 183
Green wood in the kiln, pounds of water lost in drying 100 lbs., 179
Ground ash, 38
Ground cedar, 19
Growth red gum, second, 59
Gum, 52
Gum, black, 62
Gum, cotton, 60
Gum, demands upon soil and moisture of red, 56
Gum, final steaming of, 182
Gum, form of red, 55
Gum, kiln-drying, 180
Gum, kiln-drying of green red, 183
Gum, method of piling, 180
Gum, preliminary steaming of, 182
Gum, range of red, 55
Gum, range of tupelo, 61
Gum, red, 54, 79
Gum, reproduction of red, 57
Gum, second-growth red, 59
Gum, sour, 62, 80
Gum, sweet, 54, 80
Gum, tolerance of the red, 56
Gum, tupelo, 60
Gum, uses of tupelo, 61
Hackberry, 62
Hacmatac, 22
Hard maple, 68
Hard pine, 26
Hard pines, 24
Hard pine, southern, 24
Hardwoods, 37
Hazel pine, 54, 60
Headed borers, flat, 103
Headed borers, round, 101
Heading, stave and shingle bolts, 109
Heads and staves of barrels containing alcoholic liquids, 112
Heart hickory, white, 64
Heartwood, sap and, 8
Heater, the electric, 250
Helpful appliances in kiln-drying, 237
Hemlock, 21
Hemlock spruce, 21
Hickory, 63
Hickory, big bud, 64
Hickory, bitternut, 64
Hickory, black, 64
Hickory, black nut, 64
Hickory, brown, 64
Hickory, bull nut, 64
Hickory elm, 50
Hickory, mockernut, 64
Hickory, pignut, 64
Hickory, poplar, 81
Hickory, scalybark, 64
Hickory, shagbark, 64
Hickory, shellbark, 64
Hickory, swamp, 64
Hickory, switchbud, 64
Hickory, white heart, 64
Holly, 64, 65
Holly, mountain, 65
Honey locust, 66
Honey shucks, 66
Hoop ash, 38
Hoops, dry cooperage stock and wooden truss, 112
Hop hornbeam, 65
Hornbeam, 44
Hornbeam, hop, 65
Horse chestnut, 45, 65
Hot blast or blower kiln, 185
Humidity, 174
Humidity diagram, uses of the, 237
How to prevent insect injury, 107
How wood is seasoned, 145
Hygrodeik, the, 242
Hygrometer, the recording, 242
Hygrometer, the registering, 244
Illinois Nut, 64
Important broad-leaved trees, list of most, 37
Important coniferous woods, list of, 17
Impregnation methods, 151
Improper kiln-drying, losses due to, 141
Incense cedar, 18
Indian bean, 46
Indian cherry, 45
Influence drying, physical properties that, 125
Injury, conditions favorable for insect, 106
Injury from insects, how to prevent, 107
Insect injury, conditions favorable for, 106
Insects, how to prevent injury from, 107
Iron oak, 74
Ironwood, 44, 65
Jack, Black, 75
Jack oak, 75
Jack pine, 27
Jersey pine, 27
Juniper, 18
Juniper bush, 18
Juniper, red, 18
Juniper, savin, 18
Keep Records of the Moisture Content, 249
Kiln, apartment dry, 198
Kiln, blower or hot blast, 185
Kiln, box dry, 204
Kiln cars and method of loading, 206
Kiln doors, different types, 231
Kiln-dried wood of different species, weight of, 95
Kiln-drying, 164, 177
Kiln-drying according to species, different, 170
Kiln-drying, conditions of success in, 169
Kiln-drying gum, 180
Kiln-drying, helpful appliances in, 237
Kiln-drying, losses due to improper, 141
Kiln-drying, objects of, 168
Kiln-drying of green red gum, 183
Kiln-drying of wood, 156
Kiln-drying of wood, 156
Kiln-drying over air-drying, advantages of, 156
Kiln-drying, theory of, 157
Kiln-drying, underlying principles of, 166
Kiln-drying, unsolved problems in, 143
Kiln, operation of the blower dry, 186
Kiln, operation of the moist-air dry, 192
Kiln, pipe or moist-air dry, 188
Kiln, pocket dry, 200
Kiln, progressive dry, 196
Kiln, requirements in a satisfactory dry, 160
Kilns, different types of dry, 185
Kilns of different types, 196
Kiln specialties, dry, 206
Kiln, theory and description of the forest service, 161
Kilns, types of dry, 185
Kiln, tower dry, 202
Land Spruce, Tide, 28
Larch, 22
Larch, American, 22
Larch, black, 22
Larch, western, 22
Large-toothed aspen, 79
Laurel, 65
Laurel oak, 75
Lawson's cypress, 18
Leaf pine, long-, 24
Leaf pine, short-, 26
Leaf willow, long, 84
Leaved basswood, small, 39
Leaved birch, aspen, 42
Leaved maple, ash, 69
Leaved maple, broad, 69
Leaved maple, silver, 69
Leaved trees, broad, 31
Leaved trees, list of most important broad, 37
Leaved trees, wood of broad, 31
Leverwood, 65
Life, tree of, 17
Lime tree, 39
Lin, 39
Linden, 39
Linden, American, 39
Linden, downy, 39
Liquidamber, 54
Liquids, staves and heads of barrels containing alcoholic, 112
List of important coniferous trees, 17
List of most important broad-leaved trees, 37
Live oak, 75, 76
Loading, kiln cars and method of, 206
Loblolly pine, 25
Local distribution of water in wood, 114
Locust, 66
Locust, black, 66
Locust, brown, 66
Locust, clammy, 66
Locust, honey, 66
Locust, sweet, 66
Locust, yellow, 66
Lodge-pole pine, 27
Lombardy poplar, 79
Long-leaf pine, 24
Long-leaf willow, 84
Long-straw pine, 24
Losses due to improper kiln-drying, 141
Lost in kiln-drying 100 lb. green wood in the kiln, pounds of water, 179
Magnolia, 67
Magnolia, small, 67
Magnolia, swamp, 67
Mahogany, birch, 41
Mahogany, white, 45
Manner of evaporation of water, 123
Maple, 67
Maple, ash-leaved, 69
Maple, broad-leaved, 69
Maple, hard, 68
Maple, mountain, 69
Maple, Oregon, 69
Maple, red, 69
Maple, rock, 68
Maple, silver, 69
Maple, silver-leaved, 69
Maple, soft, 69
Maple, striped, 70
Maple, sugar, 68
Maple, swamp, 69
Maple, water, 69
Maple, white, 69
Maul oak, 75, 76
Meadow pine, 26
Method, choice of drying, 195
Method of loading kiln cars, 206
Method of piling gum, 180
Methods, impregnation, 151
Methods of drying, 154
Mildew, elimination of stain and, 136
Minute structure, 34
Mockernut hickory, 64
Moist-air dry kiln, operation of, 192
Moist-air or pipe kiln, the, 188
Moisture content, keep records of the, 249
Moisture, demands upon soil and, 56
Moisture on wood, effects of, 117
Moose elm, 51
Moose-wood, 70
Mossy-cup oak, 72
Most important broad-leaved trees list of, 37
Mountain holly, 65
Mountain maple, 69
Mulberry, 70
Mulberry, red, 70
Myrtle, 65, 70
Nettle Tree, 62
Noble fir, 21
Norway pine, 25
Nut, coffee, 49
Nut hickory, black, 64
Nut hickory, bull, 64
Nut, Illinois, 64
Nyssa, 60
Oak, 70
Oak, American, 71
Oak, barren, 75
Oak, basket, 74
Oak, bear, 74
Oak, black, 74
Oak, bur, 72
Oak, chestnut, 73
Oak, chinquapin, 73, 74
Oak, cow, 74
Oak, duck, 73
Oak, dwarf chinquapin, 74
Oak, iron, 74
Oak, jack, 75
Oak, laurel, 75
Oak, live, 75, 76
Oak, maul, 75, 76
Oak, mossy-cup, 72
Oak, over-cup, 72, 73
Oak, peach, 72
Oak, pin, 73
Oak, possum, 73
Oak, post, 74
Oak, punk, 73
Oak, red, 74, 75
Oak, rock, 73
Oak, rock chestnut, 73
Oak, scarlet, 75
Oak, scrub, 74
Oak, scrub chestnut, 74
Oak, shingle, 75
Oak, Spanish, 75
Oak, swamp post, 73
Oak, swamp Spanish, 73
Oak, swamp white, 72, 73
Oak, water, 73
Oak, western white, 71
Oak, white, 71, 72
Oak, willow, 72
Oak, yellow, 73, 74
Oak, Valparaiso, 76
Objects of kiln-drying, 168
Odor and color of wood, 89
Odor, weight, and figure in wood, grain, color, 86
Ohio buckeye, 45
Old field birch, 42
Old field pine, 25, 26
Operation of the blower kiln, 186
Operation of the moist-air kiln, 192
Orange, osage, 76
Oregon ash, 38
Oregon cedar, 18
Oregon maple, 69
Oregon pine, 29
Orford cedar, Port, 18
Osage orange, 76
Out-of-door seasoning, 154
Over-cup oak, 72, 73
Papaw, 76
Paper birch, 43
Peach oak, 72
Pecan, 64
Pecky cypress, 19
Pencil cedar, 18
Pepperidge, 60
Perch willow, 84
Persimmon, 77
Peruche, 21
Physical conditions governing the drying of wood, 156
Physical properties that influence drying, 125
Pignut hickory, 64
Piling gum, methods of, 180
Pine, American red, 25
Pine, bastard, 26
Pine, black, 25, 27
Pine, bull, 25
Pine, California white, 25
Pine, Canadian, 25
Pine, Carolina, 26
Pine, Cuban, 26
Pine, Georgia, 24
Pine, ginger, 18
Pine, gray, 27
Pine, hard, 26
Pine, hazel, 54, 60
Pine, jack, 27
Pine, Jersey, 27
Pine, loblolly, 25
Pine, lodge-pole, 27
Pine, long-leaf, 24
Pine, long-straw, 24
Pine, meadow, 26
Pine, Norway, 25
Pine, old field, 25, 26
Pine, Oregon, 29
Pine, pitch, 26
Pine, Puget Sound, 29
Pine, pumpkin, 23, 24
Pine, red, 29
Pine, rosemary, 25
Pine, sap, 25
Pine, scrub, 27
Pines, hard, 24
Pine, short-leaf, 26
Pine, short-straw, 25
Pine, slash, 25, 26
Pine, soft, 23, 24
Pine, southern, 24
Pine, southern hard, 24
Pine, spruce, 26
Pine, sugar, 24
Pine, swamp, 26
Pine, torch, 26
Pine, Weymouth, 23
Pine, western, 25
Pine, western white, 25
Pine, western yellow, 25
Pine, white, 23, 24
Pine, yellow, 24, 25, 26
Pin oak, 73
Pipe or moist-air kiln, 188
Pitch pine, 26
Pith and bark, 8
Plane tree, 80
Pocket dry kiln, the, 200
Point in wood, the fibre saturation, 118
Pole pine, lodge, 27
Poplar, 67, 77, 79, 81
Poplar, bay, 60
Poplar, blue, 81
Poplar, Carolina, 77
Poplar, downy, 78
Poplar, hickory, 81
Poplar, Lombardy, 79
Poplar, swamp, 60
Poplar, white, 79, 81
Poplar, yellow, 81
Port Orford cedar, 18
Possum oak, 73
Post borers, powder, 105
Post oak, 74
Post oak, swamp, 73
Pounds of water lost in drying 100 lb. green wood in the kiln, 179
Powder post borers, 105
Preliminary steaming of gum, 182
Preliminary treatments, 151
Pressure and vacuum, drying under, 146
Pressure, drying at atmospheric, 146
Prevent injury from insects, how to, 107
Prevention of checking and splitting, 129
Principles of kiln-drying, underlying, 166
Problems in kiln-drying, unsolved, 143
Products, crude, 106
Products in the rough, seasoned, 112
Products in the rough, unseasoned, 109
Progressive dry kiln, the, 196
Properties, characteristics and, 1
Properties of wood, 4
Properties of wood that affect drying, 141
Properties that influence drying, physical, 125
Puget Sound pine, 29
Pumpkin pine, 23, 24
Punk oak, 73
Pussy willow, 84
Quaking Aspen, 79
Range of Red Gum, 55
Range of tupelo gum, 61
Rapidity of evaporation, 124
Recording hygrometer, the, 242
Recording steam gauge, the, 246
Recording thermometer, the, 245
Records of the moisture content, keep, 249
Red ash, 38
Red beech, 40
Red birch, 43
Red cedar, 18, 19
Red cedar of the West, 17
Red cherry, 47
Red cherry, wild, 47
Red cypress, 19
Red elm, 51
Red fir, 21, 29
Red gum, 54, 79
Red gum, demands upon soil and moisture of, 56
Red gum, form of the, 55
Red gum, kiln-drying of green, 183
Red gum, range of, 55
Red gum, reproduction of, 57
Red gum, second-growth, 59
Red gum, tolerance of, 56
Red juniper, 18
Red maple, 69
Red mulberry, 70
Red oak, 74, 75
Red pine, 29
Red pine, American, 25
Red spruce, 28
Redwood, 19, 27
Redwood, California, 19
Redwood, Coast, 19
Registering hygrometer, the, 244
Registering thermometer, the, 246
Rendering drying difficult, changes, 140
Reproduction of red gum, 57
Requirements in a satisfactory dry kiln, 160
Ring, the annual or yearly, 10
River birch, 43
Rock chestnut oak, 73
Rock elm, 50
Rock maple, 68
Rock oak, 73
Rosemary pine, 25
Rough, seasoned products in the, 112
Rough, unseasoned products in the, 109
Round-headed borers, 101
Round timber with bark on, 106
Rum cherry, 47
Samples for Scalometer Test, 248
Sand bar willow, 84
Sap and heartwood, 8
Sap, composition of, 116
Saplings, 108
Sap pine, 25
Sassafras, 80
Satin walnut, 54
Satisfactory dry kiln, requirements in a, 160
Saturation point in wood, fibre, 118
Sawmills, scalometer in, 249
Savin juniper, 18
Scalometer in factories, 249
Scalometer in sawmills, 249
Scalometer, test samples for, 248
Scalometer, the troemroid, 247
Scalometer, weighing with, 248
Scalybark hickory, 64
Scarlet oak, 75
Scrub chestnut oak, 74
Scrub oak, 74
Scrub pine, 27
Seasonal distribution of water in wood, 115
Seasoned and unseasoned wood, difference between, 121
Seasoned, how wood is, 145
Seasoned products in the rough, 112
Seasoning, advantages in, 128
Seasoning is, what, 119
Seasoning, out-of-door, 154
Second-growth red gum, 59
Sequoia, 19
Service kiln, theory and description of forest, 161
Shagbark hickory, 64
Shellbark hickory, 64
Shingle, heading and stave bolts, 109
Shingle oak, 75
Shining willow, 84
Short-leaf pine, 26
Short-straw pine, 25
Shrinkage of wood, 130
Shucks, honey, 66
Sitka spruce, 28
Silver birch, 42
Silver-leaved maple, 69
Silver maple, 69
Slash pine, 25, 26
Slippery elm, 51
Small-leaved basswood, 39
Small magnolia, 67
Soft maple, 69
Soft pine, 23, 24
Soil and moisture, demands upon, 56
Sorrel-tree, 80
Sound pine, Puget, 29
Sour gum, 62, 80
Sourwood, 80
Southern hard pine, 24
Southern pine, 24
Spanish oak, 75
Spanish oak, swamp, 73
Specialties, dry-kiln, 206
Species, different kiln-drying according to, 170
Species, temperature depends upon condition and, 171
Species, weight of kiln-dried wood of different, 95
Spindle tree, 82
Splitting, prevention of checking and, 129
Spring and summer-wood, 12
Spruce, 27
Spruce, bastard, 29
Spruce, black, 27
Spruce, Douglas, 29
Spruce, hemlock, 21
Spruce pine, 26
Spruce, red, 28
Spruce, Sitka, 28
Spruce, tide-land, 28
Spruce, white, 28
Stain and mildew, elimination of, 136
Stave, heading and shingle bolts, 109
Staves and heads of barrels containing alcoholic liquids, 112
Steam, drying by superheated, 150
Steam gauge, the recording, 246
Steaming of gum, preliminary, 182
Steaming of gum, final, 182
Stock and wooden truss hoops, dry cooperage, 112
Straw pine, long, 24
Straw pine, short, 25
Striped maple, 70
Structure, anatomical, 14
Structure, minute, 34
Structure of wood, 4
Stump tree, 49
Success in kiln-drying, conditions of, 169
Sugar berry, 62
Sugar maple, 68
Sugar pine, 24
Summerwood, spring and, 12
Superheated steam, drying by, 150
Swamp cottonwood, 78
Swamp hickory, 64
Swamp magnolia, 67
Swamp maple, 69
Swamp pine, 26
Swamp poplar, 60
Swamp post oak, 73
Swamp Spanish oak, 73
Swamp white oak, 72, 73
Sweet bay, 67
Sweet buckeye, 45
Sweet birch, 41
Sweet gum, 54, 80
Sweet locust, 66
Switchbud hickory, 64
Sycamore, 80, 81
Tacmahac, 79
Tamarack, 22, 27, 29
Temperature depends upon conditions and species, 171
Test samples for scalometer, 248
Theory and description of the forest service kiln, 161
Theory of kiln-drying, 157
Thermometer, the recording, 245
Thermometer, the registering, 246
Thorned acacia, three, 66
Three-thorned acacia, 66
Tide-land spruce, 28
Timber, 1
Timber beetles, ambrosia or, 99
Timber with bark on, round, 106
Timber worms, 103
Tolerance of red gum, 56
Toothed aspen, large-, 79
Torch pine, 26
Tower dry kiln, the, 202
Treatments, preliminary, 151
Tree, abele, 79
Tree, bee, 39
Tree, button ball, 80
Tree, coffee, 49
Tree, cucumber, 49, 67
Tree, fir, 20
Tree, lime, 39
Tree, nettle, 62
Tree of life, 17
Tree, plane, 80
Trees, broad-leaved, 31
Trees, classes of, 5
Trees, coniferous, 8
Trees, list of important coniferous, 17
Trees, list of most important broad-leaved, 37
Tree, sorrel, 80
Tree, spindle, 82
Tree, stump, 49
Trees, wood of broad-leaved, 31
Trees, wood of the coniferous, 8
Tree, tulip, 81
Tree, umbrella, 67
Troemroid Scalometer, the, 247
Truss hoops, dry cooperage stock and, 112
Tulip tree, 81
Tulip wood, 67, 81
Tupelo, 82
Tupelo gum, 60
Tupelo gum, range of, 61
Tupelo gum, uses of, 61
Types of dry kilns, different, 185
Types of kiln doors, different, 231
Types, kilns of different, 196
Umbrella Tree, 67
Underlying principles of kiln-drying, 166
Unseasoned products in the rough, 109
Unseasoned wood, difference between seasoned and, 121
Unsolved problems in kiln-drying, 143
Uses of the humidity diagram, 237
Uses of tupelo gum, 61
Vacuum, Drying under Pressure and, 146
Valparaiso oak, 76
Virgilia, 85
Wahoo, 51, 82
Walnut, 45, 82
Walnut, black, 44, 82
Walnut, circassian, 60
Walnut, satin, 54
Walnut, white, 45, 83
Water beech, 44, 80
Water by dry wood, absorption of, 124
Water elm, 50
Water in wood, 114
Water in wood, distribution of, 114
Water in wood, local distribution of, 114
Water in wood, seasonal distribution of, 115
Water lost in drying 100 lb. of green wood in the kiln, pounds of, 179
Water, manner of evaporation of, 123
Water maple, 69
Water oak, 73
Weeping willow, 84
Weighing with scalometer, 248
Weight, and figure in wood, grain, color, odor, 86
Weight of kiln-dried wood of different species, 95
Weight of wood, 91
Western larch, 22
Western pine, 25
Western white oak, 71
Western white pine, 25
Western yellow pine, 25
West, red cedar of the, 17
Weymouth pine, 23
What seasoning is, 119
White ash, 37
White basswood, 39
White beech, 40
White birch, 42, 43
White cedar, 17, 18
White cypress, 19
White elm, 50
White fir, 20, 21
White heart hickory, 64
White mahogany, 45
White maple, 69
White oak, 71, 72
White oak, swamp, 72, 73
White oak, western, 71
White pine, 23, 24
White pine, California, 25
White pine, western, 25
White poplar, 79, 81
White spruce, 28
White walnut, 45, 83
White willow, 83
Whitewood, 39, 81, 83
Wild apple, 49
Wild cherry, 47
Wild red cherry, 47
Willow, 83
Willow, almond-leaf, 84
Willow, bebb, 84
Willow, black, 83
Willow, blue, 83
Willow, crack, 84
Willow, glaucous, 84
Willow, long-leaf, 84
Willow, oak, 72
Willow, perch, 84
Willow, pussy, 84
Willow, sand bar, 84
Willow, shining, 84
Willow, weeping, 84
Willow, white, 83
Willow, yellow, 83
Winged elm, 51
Wintergreen birch, 41
Wood, absorption of water by dry, 124
Wood, beaver, 67
Wood, canary, 81
Wood, characteristics and properties of, 1
Wood, color and odor of, 89
Wood, different grains of, 86
Wood, difference between seasoned and unseasoned, 121
Wood, difficulties of drying, 138
Wood, distribution of water in, 114
Wood, effects of moisture on, 117
Wood, enemies of, 98
Wood, expansion of, 135
Wood, figure in, 96
Wood, grain, color, odor, weight, and figure in, 86
Wood, how seasoned, 145
Wood in the kiln, pounds of water lost in drying 100 lb. of green, 179
Wood, iron, 65
Wood, kiln-drying of, 156
Wood, lever, 65
Wood, local distribution of water in, 114
Wood, moose, 70
Wood, of broad-leaves trees, 31
Wood of different species, weight of kiln-dried, 95
Wood of coniferous trees, 8
Wood, physical conditions governing the drying of, 156
Wood, properties of, 4
Wood, seasonal distribution of water in, 115
Wood, shrinkage of, 130
Woods, list of important coniferous, 17
Wood, spring and summer, 12
Wood, structure of, 4
Wood that effect drying, properties of, 141
Wood, the fibre saturation point in, 118
Wood, tulip, 67, 81
Wood, water in, 114
Wood, weight of, 89
Wood, white, 81, 83
Wood, yellow, 85
Wooden truss hoops, dry cooperage, stock and, 112
Worms, timber, 103
Yearly Ring, the Annual of, 10
Yellow birch, 42
Yellow cedar, 18
Yellow deal, 23
Yellow fir, 29
Yellow locust, 66
Yellow oak, 73, 74
Yellow pine, 24, 25, 26
Yellow pine, western, 25
Yellow poplar, 81
Yellow willow, 83
Yellow wood, 85
Yew, 29, 30
D. VAN NOSTRAND COMPANY
25 PARK PLACE
NEW YORK
SHORT-TITLE CATALOG
OF
Publications and Importations
OF
SCIENTIFIC AND ENGINEERING
BOOKS
[Illustration]
This list includes
the technical publications of the following English publishers:
SCOTT, GREENWOOD & CO. JAMES MUNRO & CO., Ltd.
CONSTABLE & COMPANY, Ltd. TECHNICAL PUBLISHING CO.
ELECTRICIAN PRINTING & PUBLISHING CO.
for whom D. Van Nostrand Company are American agents.
JULY, 1917
SHORT-TITLE CATALOG
OF THE
Publications and Importations
OF
D. VAN NOSTRAND COMPANY
25 PARK PLACE, N. Y.
_Prices marked with an asterisk (*) are NET._
_All bindings are in cloth unless otherwise noted._
Abbott, A. V. The Electrical Transmission of Energy 8vo, *$5 00
---- A Treatise on Fuel. (Science Series No. 9) 16mo, 0 50
---- Testing Machines. (Science Series No. 74.) 16mo, 0 50
Adam, P. Practical Bookbinding. Trans. by T. E. Maw 12mo, *2 50
Adams, H. Theory and Practice in Designing 8vo, *2 50
Adams, H. C. Sewage of Sea Coast Towns 8vo, *2 00
Adams, J. W. Sewers and Drains for Populous Districts 8vo, 2 50
Adler, A. A. Theory of Engineering Drawing 8vo, *2 00
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Aikman, C. M. Manures and the Principles of Manuring 8vo, 2 50
Aitken, W. Manual of the Telephone 8vo, *8 00
d'Albe, E. E. F., Contemporary Chemistry 12mo, *1 25
Alexander, J. H. Elementary Electrical Engineering 12mo, 2 00
Allan, W. Strength of Beams Under Transverse Loads.
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Allen, H. Modern Power Gas Producer Practice and
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Anderson, J. W. Prospector's Handbook 12mo, 1 50
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