QUESTION 14

OF GOD'S KNOWLEDGE

(In Sixteen Articles)

Having considered what belongs to the divine substance, we have now

to treat of God's operation. And since one kind of operation is

immanent, and another kind of operation proceeds to the exterior

effect, we treat first of knowledge and of will (for understanding

abides in the intelligent agent, and will is in the one who wills);

and afterwards of the power of God, the principle of the divine

operation as proceeding to the exterior effect. Now because to

understand is a kind of life, after treating of the divine knowledge,

we consider the divine life. And as knowledge concerns truth, we

consider truth and falsehood. Further, as everything known is in the

knower, and the types of things as existing in the knowledge of God

are called ideas, to the consideration of knowledge will be added the

treatment of ideas.

Concerning knowledge, there are sixteen points for inquiry:

(1) Whether there is knowledge in God?

(2) Whether God understands Himself?

(3) Whether He comprehends Himself?

(4) Whether His understanding is His substance?

(5) Whether He understands other things besides Himself?

(6) Whether He has a proper knowledge of them?

(7) Whether the knowledge of God is discursive?

(8) Whether the knowledge of God is the cause of things?

(9) Whether God has knowledge of non-existing things?

(10) Whether He has knowledge of evil?

(11) Whether He has knowledge of individual things?

(12) Whether He knows the infinite?

(13) Whether He knows future contingent things?

(14) Whether He knows enunciable things?

(15) Whether the knowledge of God is variable?

(16) Whether God has speculative or practical knowledge of things?

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Summa Theologica, Part I (Prima Pars) From the Complete American Edition · 第 111 / 722 题