James Capen Adams, known as "Grizzly Adams," the celebrated hunter and
trapper of wild American animals, was easily foremost for what he
accomplished in showing the real character of the grizzly bear. His
biography, "The Adventures of James Capen Adams," tells of his
intelligent, sympathetic, and successful methods in handling grizzly
bears, whether they were young or old. He made loyal companions of
grizzlies and trained them so that they served him capably in a number
of capacities. In the handling of these animals Adams studied their
character. He was uniformly sympathetic, kind, calm, and firm. He
endeavored to accomplish any desired end through gentleness and by
appeal to the animal's interest and loyalty. Force and torture, which so
often are the chief equipment of animal-trainers, had no place in his
methods.
The story of Ben Franklin and his bringing-up by Adams gives an
excellent view of a real grizzly and an excellent master. Adams took Ben
Franklin from a den when he was a tiny blind cub. At first he was fed on
a mixture of water, flour, and sugar, and then Adams persuaded a
greyhound which was nursing a puppy, Rambler, to suckle Ben. Ben, while
nursing, was made to wear buckskin mittens to prevent his scratching his
foster-mother. Ben and Rambler became lifelong companions, and when not
asleep spent most of their time playing and tussling with each other.
Sometimes, when traveling through the mountains with them when they were
still small, Adams would take them out of the wagon and allow them to
play together. They chased each other over the grass or had merry races
after rabbits, squirrels, or prairie-dogs. When older, they enjoyed
traveling all day together on foot. On a number of occasions it was
necessary for Ben to wear buckskin moccasins to protect his feet from
the sharp rocks and the desert sand, and once, after he was much larger,
his feet became so sore he was loaded into the wagon and hauled for a
day or two.
Ben quickly outstripped his foster-brother in size, but, although very
swift of foot, he was soon outrun by the greyhound. Several times Ben
and Rambler came upon the fleet-footed antelope, which Rambler closely
pursued for miles. Ben would usually race for half a mile or so, then,
being unable to keep up with Rambler, would sit down, look around for a
minute, and return to his master. For several years they followed Adams
in his long hunting-trips across the mountains.
Adams sometimes tempted Ben by placing within his reach scraps of dainty
food, but he was so well trained that he never touched any food until it
was given to him. Often, when hungry, Ben would sit on his haunches near
his master, occasionally looking up into his face and remonstrating if
he did not receive attention.
When Ben became larger, Adams trained him as a pack-animal, and Ben
carried the camp outfit and supplies on his back through the wilderness.
At other times he was used with Rambler in hunting, or when Adams was
attacking a grizzly. Ben was once severely injured in a fight with a
jaguar. He was not chained except when near a village, and then only for
the safety of the excited dogs.
On one of his hunting-expeditions in the mountains of Oregon, Adams had
what he considered one of the narrowest escapes of his life. He had with
him as usual Rambler and Ben Franklin. While passing through a thicket
Adams came unexpectedly upon a mother grizzly with cubs. The mother bear
at once knocked him down and began to chew him up. Ben Franklin had not
heretofore seen one of his kin.
"What will Ben do?" thought Adams, "help me or join his own kind and
also attack me?"
There was neither doubt nor hesitation in Ben's mind. Though young and
small, he went to the defense of his master against a grizzly five times
his own size. So vigorously did Ben throw himself upon the big grizzly
that she turned from Adams and vented her fury upon Ben. Though badly
wounded, Adams was able with this opportunity to reach for his rifle and
kill the grizzly.
Ben ran howling to camp. Adams, also frightfully injured, followed, and
found Ben lying under the wagon licking his bleeding sides. So grateful
was he to Ben for saving his life that he dressed the little bear's
wounds before giving attention to his own, and remained in camp several
days, giving Ben every possible attention and opportunity to recover. We
can understand his saying of Ben Franklin: "The most excellent of all
beasts, as faithful as it is possible for any animal to be; Ben
Franklin, the king of the forest, the flower of his race, my firmest
friend."
The following tribute to Ben Franklin appeared in the San Francisco
"Evening Bulletin" of January 19, 1858:--
"DEATH OF A DISTINGUISHED NATIVE CALIFORNIAN
"Ben Franklin, the grizzly bear, the favorite of the Museum man,
Adams, the companion for the last three or four years of his various
expeditions in the mountains and his sojourns in the cities and
towns of California, departed from this mortal existence on Sunday
evening, at 10 o'clock. The noble brute, which was captured at the
head-waters of the Merced River in 1854, had been raised by his
master from a cub, and during his life manifested the most
indubitable indications of remarkable sagacity and affection. He was
ever tame and gentle, and although possessed of the size and
strength of a giant among brutes, was in disposition peaceful; rough
it is true, in his playfulness, but always well disposed. He
frequently carried his master's pack, provisions and weapons;
frequently shared his blanket and fed from the same loaf.
"One of his eyes was observed to be injured and several scars were
to be seen about his head and neck; but they were honorable wounds
and reflected as much credit upon poor Ben as the scars of a brave
soldier. They were all received in the service of his human friend,
protector and master. As might be supposed his loss has been
severely felt by Adams."