strangely-constituted Britons--if any were present--whose interest in
public affairs is limited to the squalid area of parochial politics, as
their eyes ranged over the water in the direction of this mighty fleet.
With what vain regret must such as these have looked back on the days,
some ten or a dozen years since, when British Naval supremacy was but a
name--when we had few ships, and those out of date, and few men to man
them. Alas! for the fond anticipations of those who were looking forward
to the time when Britain should throw away her Empire and sink to the
prosperous unimportance of a Belgium, the cheerful mediocrity of a
Holland. There, at Spithead, was overwhelming proof that such views are
not shared by the great bulk of British people, whether Liberals,
Radicals, or Conservatives; that power is still sweet to the ruling
race; that that Empire which has been bought with the blood of the
Anglo-Saxon will be maintained in its integrity at any cost. Here they
lay in serried ranks on the moving waters, orderly as soldiers on a
parade ground--the steel-clad champions of a nation's honour--as
powerful to compel peace as to put the issue of war out of question if
war must come.
[Illustration: [_Fred T. Jane._
TORCHLIGHT EVOLUTIONS BY THE ETON BOYS IN THE QUADRANGLE OF WINDSOR
CASTLE.]
Exactly at eight o'clock the combined fleet began to decorate itself
with a million flags, taking time from the Commander-in-Chief's
flagship. The unnumbered merchant and pleasure craft of all kinds that
dotted the waters and lay still at moorings by the quays were already
gay with streaming pennants, nor were the fourteen battleships of the
foreign powers behindhand in embellishing themselves for the great
review. Some time before two o'clock the business of clearing the lines
for the procession commenced, and at two precisely a Royal salute of
guns on shore announced that the Royal yacht was under way. Not long
afterwards the _Victoria and Albert_, with the Prince of Wales on board,
preceded by the Trinity House yacht _Irene_, approached the head of the
lines. Royal salutes and the cheers of bluejackets marked the passage of
the Royal yacht along and through the lines. The _Victoria and Albert_
was followed by a train of vessels--the Peninsular and Oriental
Company's liner, the _Carthage_, carrying those Royal guests for whom
there was no accommodation on the _Victoria and Albert_; then another
Royal yacht, the _Alberta_; then the _Enchantress_, with the Lords of
the Admiralty and their friends; next the _Danube_, carrying the members
of the House of Lords; after her the _Wildfire_, with the Colonial Prime
Ministers and their suites and the Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain,
Secretary of State for the Colonies, on board; then again the superb
Cunard liner, the _Campania_, carrying the House of Commons; and lastly
the _Eldorado_, with the foreign Ambassadors. The procession occupied
two hours in traversing the lines. Before the proceedings terminated the
_Victoria and Albert_ anchored abreast of the flagship _Renown_ and the
Prince of Wales received all flag officers, British and foreign, on
board, After this ceremony the Royal yacht weighed anchor and returned
to Portsmouth, receiving, as she departed, three cheers from every ship
in the fleet. Simultaneously with the arrival of the Prince of Wales in
Portsmouth Harbour the following signal was made to the fleet by Admiral
Sir Nowell Salmon:--"I am commanded by the Prince of Wales, as
representing the Queen, to express his entire satisfaction with the
magnificent naval display at Spithead and the perfect manner in which
all the arrangements were carried out, and at his request I order the
main-brace to be spliced." Splicing the main-brace, it should be
explained, involves the serving out of an extra allowance of grog, and
is still a very popular order with our man-o'-war's men. Almost
immediately after this a thunderstorm burst, accompanied by a deluge of
rain, and for some hours the "city of ships" was lost in an impenetrable
haze.
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Gregory & Co._
ADMIRAL SIR NOWELL SALMON, V.C.
In command of the Fleet during the Jubilee Review.]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by West, Southsea._
THE NAVAL REVIEW: THE ROYAL YACHT PASSING BETWEEN THE LINES OF BRITISH
AND FOREIGN SHIPS.
The United States cruiser, _Brooklyn_, painted white, is a conspicuous
object in the line of foreign men-of-war. The battleship in the
foreground is H.M.S. _Victorious_.]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by West, Southsea._
THE NAVAL REVIEW: THE ROYAL YACHT ANCHORED ABREAST OF H.M.S. "RENOWN."]
[Illustration: _Charles Dixon._}
THE NAVAL REVIEW: BIRD'S-EYE VIEW OF THE FLEET AT ANCHOR IN SPITHEAD,
June 26, 1897.
The line E consists of Merchant Vessels, anchored on the south or Isle
of Wight side of Spithead. Line A consists of Foreign Men-of-war. The
total number of British War Ships occupying stations in Spithead was
165. Of these lines B and C comprised fifty-nine Battleships and
Cruisers in the following order, starting from the left or eastward
end:--
Line B--1, _Magnificent_; 2, _Royal Sovereign_; 3, _Repulse_; 4,
_Resolution_; 5, _Empress of India_; 6, _Majestic_; 7, _Prince
George_; 8, _Mars_; 9, _Jupiter_; 10, _Victorious_; 11, _Renown_
(Commander-in-Chief); 12, _Powerful_; 13, _Blake_; 14,
_Blenheim_; 15, _Royal Arthur_; 16, _Theseus_; 17, _Thetis_; 18,
_Flora_; 19, _Naiad_; 20, _Tribune_; 21, _Terpsichore_; 22,
_Sirius_; 23 (station not occupied); 24, _Hermione_; 25,
_Andromache_; 26, _Sappho_; 27, _Spartan_; 28, _Latona_; 29,
_Brilliant_; 30, _Charybdis_.
Line C--1, _Sans Pareil_; 2, _Howe_; 3, _Benbow_; 4,
_Collingwood_; 5, _Inflexible_; 6, _Alexandra_; 7, _Edinburgh_;
8, _Colossus_; 9, _Devastation_; 10, _Thunderer_; 11,
_Warspite_; 12, _Terrible_; 13, _Australia_; 14, _Galatea_; 15,
_Aurora_; 16, _Edgar_; 17, _Melampus_; 18, _Endymion_; 19,
_Diana_; 20, _Isis_; 21, _Juno_; 22, _Doris_; 23, _Venus_; 24,
_Minerva_; 25, _Dido_; 26, _Apollo_; 27, _Æolus_; 28, _Phaeton_;
29, _Leander_; 30, _Bonaventure_.
Line D (thirty-eight Third-class Cruisers, Gun-vessels, and
Torpedo Gunboats)--1, _Mersey_; 2, _Pelorus_; 3, _Magicienne_;
4, _Medea_; 5, _Medusa_; 6, _Barracouta_; 7, _Curlew_; 8,
_Landrail_; 9, _Speedy_; 10, _Alarm_; 11, _Antelope_; 12,
_Jaseur_; 13, _Circe_; 14, _Gossamer_; 15, _Jason_; 16,
_Hazard_; 17, _Leda_; 18, _Niger_; 19, _Onyx_; 20,
_Rattlesnake_; 21, _Renard_; 22, _Sharpshooter_; 23, _Skipjack_;
24, _Sheldrake_; 25, _Spanker_; 26, _Gleaner_; 27, _Raven_; 28,
_Cockchafer_; 29, _Starling_; 30, _Active_; 31, _Volage_; 32,
_Calypso_; 33, _Champion_; 34, _Cailiope_; 35, _Curacoa_; 36,
_Northampton_; 37, _Agincourt_; 38, _Minotaur_.
Line F (forty-eight Destroyers and Gunboats)--1, _Halcyon_; 2,
_Lightning_; 3, _Havock_; 4, _Daring_; 5, _Hornet_; 6, _Hardy_;
7, _Whiting_; 8, _Hasty_; 9, _Hunter_; 10, _Fame_; 11, _Foam_;
12, _Spitfire_; 13, _Ranger_; 14, _Research_; 15, _Triton_; 16,
_Vivid_; 17, _Firequeen_; 18, _Albacore_; 19, ----; 20, _Jackal_;
21, ----; 22, _Decoy_; 23, _Quail_; 24, _Ferret_; 25, _Rocket_;
26, _Opossum_; 27, _Sparrowhawk_; 28, _Lynx_; 29, _Thrasher_;
30, _Skate_; 31, _Virago_; 32, _Sunfish_; 33, _Haughty_; 34,
_Desperate_; 35, _Contest_; 36, _Janus_; 37, _Salmon_; 38,
_Snapper_; 39, _Sturgeon_; 40, _Spider_; 41, ----; 42,
_Wanderer_; 43, _Liberty_; 44, _Martin_; 45, _Nautilus_; 46,
_Pilot_; 47, _Seaflower_; 48, _Sealark_.
Twenty Torpedo Boats were anchored further to the right, near the Spit
Fort, and beyond them, in Stokes Bay, as well as on the opposite side,
off Osborne, accommodation was found for a very large number of yachts
and other vessels.]
It was not destined, however, that the hundreds of thousands of
spectators who were afloat in the pleasure boats and who lined Southsea
beach and the shores of the Isle of Wight overlooking Spithead, were to
lose the most beautiful spectacle of all. As daylight faded so faded the
storm, and at a quarter-past nine o'clock, when the signal for lighting
up the ships was given by a single gun, the conditions for viewing the
illuminations were as perfect as possible. To quote again a writer, Mr.
G. W. Steevens, to whom we are already much indebted:--"The thunderstorm
was only an episode. Having done its business, it went dutifully away,
and left the field clear for the illuminations. Out on the sea front you
could see the lights of the fleet like glow-worms in the dark. Then
suddenly there sounded a gun; and as I moved along Southsea Common there
appeared in the line a ship of fire. A ship all made of fire--hull and
funnels and military masts with fighting tops. And then another, and
another, and another. The fleet revealed itself from behind the castle,
ship after ship traced in fire against the blackness. From the head of
Southsea they still came on--fresh wonders of grace and light and
splendour, stretching away, still endlessly as in the daytime, till they
became a confused glimmer six miles away. It was the fleet and yet not
the fleet. You could recognise almost any ship by her lines and
rig--just as if it had been in day, only transmuted from steel and paint
into living gold. The Admirals still flew their flags as in the day,
only to-night the flags were no longer bunting, but pure colour. The
heavy hard fleet vanished, and there came out in its stead a picture of
it magically painted in pure light.
"For three hours this miracle of brightness shone wondrously at
Spithead. At half-past eleven or so the Prince returned the second time
as before, and the golden fleet sent a thunder of salute after him.
Then, as I stood on the high roof of the Central Hotel, the clock struck
twelve, and before my eyes the golden fleet vanished--vanished clean
away in a moment. You could just see it go.
"Here half a ship broken off, there masts and funnels hanging an instant
in the air; it all vanished, and nothing at all was left except the
rigging lights, trembling faintly once more on the dark sea."
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Symonds & Co._
THE JAPANESE BATTLESHIP "FUJI."
Japan having so recently had experience of actual naval warfare, her
representative at Spithead came in for a considerable amount of
attention. Some of her officers had, indeed, taken part in the Battle of
the Yalu.]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Symonds & Co., Portsmouth._
THE UNITED STATES' CRUISER "BROOKLYN."
This vessel attracted considerable attention on account of her peculiar
shape and up-to-date equipment. She is fitted with non-inflammable
wooden decks, and carries eight 8-inch guns in four turrets, forward,
aft, and on each beam. She is painted white, a fact which led the
irreverent tars to christen her "The Cement Factory."]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by West & Son, Southsea._
THE NAVAL REVIEW: THE FLEET, LOOKING WEST.
Photographed from the Flagship of the Commander-in-Chief, the _Renown_.
The nearest vessel is H.M.S. _Powerful_; the next beyond is the _Blake_.
In the other line are the _Galatea_, _Aurora_, _Edgar_, _Melampus_,
&c.]
[Illustration: _Fred. T. Jane_}
THE FLEET ILLUMINATED: AS SEEN FROM THE WATER.]
The Naval Review of 1897 was over. It had provided a sublime spectacle
for our Colonial and foreign visitors, and it had taught a lesson that
was meant to be learned by the whole World, and was actually so learned.
A great military Power we might not be, but on the seas our dominion
was, and must ever be, unquestionable. The chorus of admiration that
arose from the Continental and American press showed that the necessity
for this pre-eminence was recognised and allowed. If we had not known it
long ourselves, our foreign critics, both friendly and hostile, had been
aware that a great navy was the paramount condition of our national
existence.
[Sidenote: The Colonial Troops at the Naval Review.]
A circumstance that concerned the gallant men of the Colonial contingent
who had taken part in the Jubilee Procession must here be touched on.
Strange as it may seem, there had been originally no provision made for
the representation at the Naval Review of the Colonial contingent. This
remissness on the part of the authorities occasioned a good deal of
surprise, which found its expression in the columns of the London _Daily
Mail_; but it was not until the newspaper in question took the matter up
in right good earnest that the authorities bestirred themselves. It was
then proposed to charter a vessel and send the Colonials down to
Portsmouth some two or three days after the Review--it being somewhat
artlessly explained that as the fleet would still be in position and the
Review well over, our visitors would enjoy a better opportunity of
examining the ships in detail! Needless to say this line of argument
found little favour with the _Daily Mail_, the _Globe_, and the other
newspapers which were now strenuously advocating the claims of our
visitors. They raised their voices once more, with the result that at
the eleventh hour the responsible officials announced that the
difficulties--whatever they were--had been surmounted, and that the
Colonial contingent were to see the Imperial fleet on the actual day of
Review in all its majesty and splendour. The fleet was again dressed and
illuminated on the following Monday--Coronation Day. Mention should be
made of a little vessel, first seen at the Review, which marks a new
departure in marine engineering. This is the _Turbinia_ torpedo-boat,
driven by steam turbines at 2,100 revolutions, accomplishing 32 or 33
knots per hour.
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by A. T. Crane._
THE FLEET ILLUMINATED: AS SEEN FROM THE SHORE.
Owing to the necessity for a prolonged exposure, fireworks and
search-lights do not leave any trace upon the photographic negative.]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Argent Archer, Kensington._
THE QUEEN'S VISIT TO HER BIRTHPLACE: THE SCENE OUTSIDE ST. MARY'S
CHURCH, KENSINGTON.
In the carriage with Her Majesty are the Grand Duke and Grand Duchess
Serge of Russia and Princess Henry of Battenberg. On the pavement stands
the Princess Louise, Marchioness of Lorne, with a bouquet in her hands;
the Marquis stands on her left. Opposite the carriage door is Miss
Beatrice Leete, daughter of the Vestry Clerk, from whom the Queen
graciously accepted a magnificent basket of carnations.]
CHAPTER IV.
The Queen's Visit to Kensington--Garden Party at Buckingham
Palace--Review at Aldershot--Gift of a Battleship--The Prince of
Wales's Hospital Fund--The Jubilee Medals--Conclusion.
On the Monday after the Review the Queen returned from Windsor to the
Metropolis. She was received everywhere with enthusiastic greetings of
loyalty and affection. It was no mere conventional reception this. The
Nation had realised lately, as never before, the part their Queen had
played in the building of the Empire, and one and all flocked out to do
her honour. Her Majesty had returned to London to attend the garden
party which was to be held in the grounds of Buckingham Palace in the
afternoon. On her way from Paddington Station she visited Kensington,
the place of her birth.
[Sidenote: The Queen's Visit to Kensington.]
In front of St. Mary Abbott's Church, Kensington High Street, the Queen
stopped and received a splendid bouquet of roses at the hands of the
Princess Louise. Then the Marquis of Lorne presented the Chairman of the
Vestry, who handed Her Majesty a loyal address, in which Kensington
recalled with pride its long and many Royal associations. The Queen's
reply was characteristic and particularly interesting in view of recent
events:--
"I thank you for your loyal and kind address. It gives me great pleasure
to receive the assurance of devotion and goodwill from the inhabitants
of Kensington, and I gladly renew my associations with a place which, as
the scene of my birth and of my summons to the throne, has ever had, and
will ever have, with me solemn and tender recollections." The Queen then
drove on to the Palace, 10,000 school children singing the National
Anthem as she passed through Kensington Gardens.
[Illustration: _Lucien Davis, R.I._} {_Partly from a Photograph
specially taken for this Work by H. N. King._
HER MAJESTY'S GARDEN PARTY: INDIAN VISITORS.]
[Sidenote: Garden Party at Buckingham Palace.]
The subsequent garden party in the gardens of Buckingham Palace was one
of the most brilliant functions on record. The weather was beautifully
fine, and there was a unique attendance of Royal and other guests; the
Colonial Premiers were present, and the whole of the special envoys of
Foreign Powers and other distinguished Jubilee guests. The grounds were
opened at four o'clock, and in a very short time the dresses of the
ladies and the brilliant uniforms of men transformed them into a moving
blaze of colour. Her Majesty's guests amused themselves in a variety of
ways--a favourite form of diversion being a row on the Palace lake, on
which were a large number of boats in charge of picturesquely-attired
Queen's watermen.
When Her Majesty had traversed the lawn, and Lord Lathom had pointed
many of the people out to her, she moved to the entrance of her own
tent, and sat sipping tea and eating strawberries, with a white
apron--the strings of which passed over her shoulders--spread on her lap
in the homeliest fashion.
[Illustration: Mr. Chamberlain. Sir W. Laurier.
_A. Fairfax Muckley._} {_From a Photo by W. & D. Downey._
HER MAJESTY'S GARDEN PARTY: THE SECRETARY FOR THE COLONIES AND THE
CANADIAN PREMIER.]
[Sidenote: Review at Aldershot.]
The Naval Review had been an exhibition of our first line of defence,
and though there was nothing in the nature of boastfulness or arrogance
about it, it was such a demonstration as could have been made by no
other Power--perhaps, by no two Foreign Powers in combination. The
Military Review at Aldershot on July 1 was, of course, a much more
modest affair, but the quality of the troops employed imparted a
distinction to the function which went far to compensate for their
smallness in numbers. Judged by Continental standards our Army is
insignificant in size, but it must always command respect. Its
traditions are splendid, and its recent achievements completely
satisfactory. Some of the foreign Princes who were present with the
Queen at Aldershot on July 1 had seen ten times as many soldiers in
review, but it is safe to say that not one of them had ever seen a finer
body, man for man, than the 28,000 British troops gathered together on
Laffan's Plain. The presence among these of detachments from so many
British Colonies added a significance to the proceedings that could not
have been paralleled at a Military Review anywhere else in the World.
About a quarter-past four o'clock the Queen drove up in a carriage. The
troops were arranged in the shape of three sides of a great rectangle,
Her Majesty occupying the centre of the vacant side. A Royal Salute was
given, and then commenced the march past. The honour of marching in the
van had been assigned very properly to the Colonial troops, consisting
of 434 cavalry, 184 artillery and engineers, and 423 infantry.
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by H. N. King._
HER MAJESTY PLANTING A TREE IN THE GROUNDS OF BUCKINGHAM PALACE AS A
MEMORIAL OF THE JUBILEE, June 28, 1897.]
The troops which followed represented almost every branch of the regular
army and made a splendid show. But here, as in the Jubilee Procession
itself, the Colonial contingent attracted the greatest share of
attention. To see gallant horsemen and steady marching infantry in
picturesque unfamiliar uniforms from every Continent all following the
same flag and serving the same Queen was to receive a new and inspiring
impression of the Empire. The red spaces on the map of the earth's
surface we had known from childhood's day to represent portions of our
own Empire--but the impression was a vague one until we saw Canadian,
Australian, and South African, actually under arms in defence of their
and our Queen, as much as of their own distant homes. It was then
brought home to us, with startling effect, how great is the birthright
of every Briton, how great the privileges attaching to such
citizenship--and how great the responsibilities. These men came to us,
not in gratitude for any priceless advantages we have bestowed upon
them--for we have done nothing of the kind--but simply because their
blood is the same as ours, their traditions the same, and their
sympathies. We are still well able to take care of ourselves; but who
shall say that the Old Country may not one day need the strong, right
arms of her children across the seas?
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by H. N. King._
HER MAJESTY'S WATERMEN.]
That our Colonial troops are not merely ornamental soldiers their
shooting at Bisley, at the meeting which ended on July 10, amply proved,
if their splendid horsemanship and marching had not proved it before.
Though for the most part entirely unused to the new Lee-Metford rifle,
they secured the Kolapore Cup, and, in a year which produced record
scores, held their own against the picked marksmen of our Regulars and
Volunteer Army.
The Review was brought to an end with the defiling past of the infantry.
A splendid effect was produced when the infantry gave the Royal salute,
and then burst with one accord into shouts of cheering--bonnets and
busbies being thrown up into the air or waved frantically on bayonet
points. The Queen returned to Windsor the same evening, and the Jubilee
celebrations proper were over.
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} Her Majesty's Carriage. {_by Argent
Archer, Kensington._
THE ALDERSHOT REVIEW: MARCH PAST OF THE COLONIAL TROOPS.]
[Sidenote: Gift of a Battleship.]
On Saturday, July 10, a dinner was given at the St. George's Club,
Hanover Square, in honour of the Colonial Premiers, five of whom were
present. A distinguished company assembled; but the occasion would not
have merited mention in a history of the Queen's reign, had it not been
for a speech made by the Right Hon. G. J. Goschen, First Lord of the
Admiralty. In language, the very simplicity of which riveted attention
from the first--coming as it did from the most eloquent member of Lord
Salisbury's Cabinet--Mr. Goschen announced that he had that day received
a battleship from Sir J. Gordon Sprigg, representing the Government of
Cape Colony! His actual words were:--
"To-day I have had an interesting scene, a simple scene, but one which
will come home to all of you. I received the present of an ironclad at
the hands of a British Colony. (Loud cheers.) There was no ceremonial,
there was no great reception, there was no blare of trumpets; but Sir
Gordon Sprigg simply came to the First Lord of the Admiralty and told
him that the Cape Colony was prepared to place an ironclad of the
first-class at the disposal of the Empire. (Cheers.) I thank him on
behalf of the English nation, I thank him on behalf of the Government,
and I thank him also on behalf of the Empire at large, of which the Cape
Colony is so distinguished a part. That offer of a first-class
battleship is accompanied by no conditions; but it is proposed that that
ship shall take its place side by side with those sister ships, paid for
by the British taxpayer, which many of you have seen at Spithead. (Hear,
hear.) No conditions attach to it; it is a free gift intended to add to
the power of the British Empire." (Cheers.)
This statement evoked expressions of great enthusiasm from the gentlemen
who dined at the St. George's Club that night; the next morning it
thrilled the entire nation. The zenith of the Jubilee celebrations of
1897 was reached; a self-governing Colony had come forward and presented
to the Crown the most magnificent gift of which history has any record!
Jewels and gold and the richest products of Oriental looms have been
showered on our Empress-Queen until her palaces have become museums of
priceless offerings; but that of the Government and people of Cape
Colony outvalued these as much as they outvalue the treasures of
ordinary men. Not so much the gift itself, however, but the spirit of
the givers touched the heart of the British people. Not in their most
visionary dreams had Imperialists contemplated such a consummation as
this. Sentiment, so often and so thoughtlessly derided, had triumphed
over the cold calculations of the "practical" politician, and the
foundation-stone of a united Anglo-Saxon Empire had been laid.
[Illustration:
A. Prince of Wales.
B. Duke of Coburg.
C. Duke of Connaught.
D. Princess of Wales.
E. Duke of Cambridge.
_S. Begg._} {_By permission of the proprietors of the "Illustrated
London News."_
PRESENTATION OF JUBILEE MEDALS BY H.R.H. THE PRINCE OF WALES TO THE
COLONIAL TROOPS IN THE GROUNDS OF BUCKINGHAM PALACE, July 3; THE NEW
SOUTH WALES LANCERS FILING PAST THE ROYAL PARTY.]
[Sidenote: The Prince of Wales's Hospital Fund.]
There are a few other features of the Jubilee celebrations which demand
notice before this narrative is brought to a close. Chief among these is
the Prince of Wales's scheme for establishing the London hospitals on a
firm financial basis--the greatest charitable project in a year made
memorable by many such undertakings. So far back as February 6, when a
thousand Jubilee plans were being discussed, a statement of the Prince's
own wishes in the matter had appeared in the newspapers. His Royal
Highness began by saying that the Queen herself had no wish to express
an opinion as to the form any celebrations might take. In the absence of
any declaration on the part of Her Majesty, His Royal Highness felt at
liberty to lay before the inhabitants of London a scheme very dear to
his heart. Briefly explained, they were that such a sum of money should
be secured, in the form preferably of annual donations, as should
suffice to free the London hospitals of debt for ever. An additional
annual income of from £100,000 to £150,000 was necessary.
At the time of sending these pages to press, it is not known how far His
Royal Highness's wishes have been realised; but it is stated that a
sufficient amount has been collected to relieve the hospitals
permanently of some of their more pressing needs. A device,
characteristic of the age, was resorted to to swell the proceeds of the
fund. Two Hospital Stamps were issued under authority, and sold at 2_s._
6_d._ and 1_s._ each, the more expensive one being of a red colour and
the less expensive blue. An artistic group representing Charity, after
Sir Joshua Reynolds, occupies the centre of each stamp. The legend
"1837: The Queen's Commemoration, 1897" runs along the top, and at the
bottom appear the words, "Prince of Wales's Hospital Fund, Albert
Edward, Prince," the signature being a facsimile of His Royal Highness's
handwriting. The sale of these must have been prodigious, but until the
Hospital Fund's accounts are made up it will be impossible to judge how
far philatelists all over the world availed themselves of the
opportunity to add these unique specimens to their collections. The dies
from which the Hospital Stamps were printed were subsequently destroyed
in the presence of the Duke of York at the Bank of England. Another
happy idea was the publication of an official programme, authorised by
the Prince of Wales, of the Jubilee Procession. The programme, which was
sold at a shilling a copy, was admirably illustrated. The entire profits
were devoted to the Hospital Fund.
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Thiele, Chancery Lane._
DEFENDERS OF THE EMPIRE.
The following forces are represented by the above group: Borneo Dyak
Police, Sierra Leone Force, Victoria Mounted Rifles, Hausas (Sergeant
of).]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Lafayette._
THE RIGHT HON. SIR JOHN FORREST,
PREMIER OF WEST AUSTRALIA.
Born near Bunbury, W.A., 1847, educated at Perth, entered Survey
Department 1865, and has commanded several expeditions into the interior
besides surveying much of the Colony. Commissioner of Crown Lands,
Surveyor-General and Member of Executive and Legislative Councils
1883-1890, Premier and Treasurer of the first Ministry under responsible
government 1890.]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Elliott & Fry._
THE RIGHT HON. SIR EDWARD BRADDON,
PREMIER OF TASMANIA,
Is a Cornishman. Born in 1829, and educated at University College. In
his eighteenth year he went to Calcutta and made himself famous as a
tiger-hunter. In the Mutiny he served with a regiment he had himself
raised, and was mentioned in despatches. He held many offices in India,
and in 1878 retired on a pension and went to Tasmania, where, twelve
months later, he entered the Colonial House of Assembly. He was Leader
of the Opposition in 1886-87, and Minister of Lands, Works, and
Education, 1887-88. He was for six years Agent-General for Tasmania, and
in 1894 became Premier of that Colony. Miss M. E. Braddon, the novelist,
is his sister.]
[Sidenote: The Jubilee Medals.]
The commemoration medals struck to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee were
eagerly bought up by all classes of Her Majesty's subjects. They were,
perhaps, the most artistic things ever issued from the Royal Mint,
though the small size of some of them interfered sadly with the effect
of the design. The prices were as follows:--Large gold, £13; small gold,
£2; large silver, 10_s._; small silver, 1_s._; and large bronze, 4_s._
It was a happy idea to give on the reverse of the medals the Queen's
head, by W. Wyon, as it appeared on the coinage for 1837 to 1887. The
choice of the motto--"Longitudo dierum in dextera ejus et in sinistra
gloria"--could not have been bettered if the whole of literature had
been searched through. The head, by Brock, on the obverse, first used in
1892, is undoubtedly the most satisfactory likeness of the Queen that
has appeared on the coinage. In the gold medals the metal was
unpolished, and the large silver ones were covered with a thin coating
of platinum, the burnished appearance of newly-stamped coinage being
thus avoided, much to the advantage of the design. In both cases the
metal was of the purest quality, and it is interesting to note that
there was actually £12 15_s._ worth of gold in the £13 medal.
Innumerable publications relating to the Jubilee were issued from the
Press. The _Illustrated London News_' special number was a triumph of
colour-printing; the "Golden Number" of the London _Daily Mail_ was, as
its name indicates, printed entirely in gold, and found a ready sale at
6_d._ a copy.
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Hughes & Mullins, Ryde._
HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN IN THE DRESS WORN BY HER IN THE DIAMOND JUBILEE
PROCESSION.]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by H. N. King._
THE THRONE ROOM, BUCKINGHAM PALACE.]
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by H. N. King._
THE WHITE DRAWING ROOM, BUCKINGHAM PALACE.]
Reviewing the Jubilee celebrations as a whole it is impossible not to be
struck by the leading characteristic of them all--their complete
success. The Sovereign Lady in whose honour everything was done, was
delighted with all; her subjects throughout the Empire enjoyed
themselves hugely; not a single accident dimmed the happiness of Jubilee
Day in London; the Procession was the most splendid ever witnessed; the
Review at Spithead transcended in magnificence anything of the kind
recorded in the annals of our navy; and the Review at Aldershot was a
triumph for our brave little army. Almost as remarkable was the
exaltation of national sentiment manifested at this time. It seemed as
if we had suddenly discovered that we belonged to a very great Empire,
and were overjoyed at the thought of it. When we saw the Colonial
Premiers and the Colonial soldiers, we realized for the first time that
we were co-heirs with them to a hundred Empires, and our imaginations
were kindled. Our political views widened out to the furthest horizon
and we were Conservatives and Liberals no longer, but Imperialists. We
wanted but a sign from the Colonies themselves to declare ourselves
Imperialists for ever, and we received a hundred signs. The offer of a
battleship from the Cape Colony was the greatest of these signs, but it
was only one of many. The Colonial Prime Ministers came to us bearing
messages of affection from the great new Britains they represented, and
in one or two instances their proposals shadowed forth measures of great
advantage to us and to them. Canada, in particular, offered a
considerable reduction of the tariff in return for the reception of
Canadian goods on terms which have hitherto been rendered impossible by
the existence of commercial treaties between this country and Germany
and Belgium. She asked, in fact, for liberty to trade with this country
on terms specially advantageous to both ourselves and Canada; and in
promptly giving notice to terminate the treaties referred to, Lord
Salisbury's Government accorded to Canada the honour of taking the first
practical step towards solving the fiscal difficulties which stand in
the way of Imperial federation. The exhortation of the great bard who
represents so strongly the spirit of the Victorian age seemed now for
the first time to have come right home to the heart of the nation:
"Sons, be welded each and all,
Into one imperial whole;
One with Britain, heart and soul!
One Life, one Flag, one Fleet, one Throne."
[Illustration: _From a Photograph_} {_by Lafayette._
THE RIGHT HON. H. ESCOMBE, Q.C.,
Premier of Natal.
Born in London in 1838 and educated at St. Paul's School. He went to
Natal in 1859, and entered the Colonial Parliament in 1872; nominated to
Executive Council, 1880. Attorney-General, 1893. Prime Minister,
Attorney-General, and Minister of Education, 1897.]
[Illustration: _From Photo_} {_by H. N. King._
A BLACK V.C.
Sergeant W. J. Gordon, 1st West India Regiment, obtained the Victoria
Cross for interposing his body and receiving a bullet intended for his
superior officer.]
It is well that this first great reunion of the Anglo-Saxon race should
have taken place on the occasion of the Queen's Diamond Jubilee
Commemoration. Let us hope that she may live to see another and even
greater Jubilee, another gathering together of the scattered members of
her Empire!
GOD SAVE THE QUEEN.
[Illustration: THE JUBILEE MEDAL (FULL SIZE).]
[Illustration: O King of kings.
THE JUBILEE HYMN.
APPOINTED TO BE USED IN ALL CHURCHES AND CHAPELS
_ON SUNDAY JUNE 20, 1897._
_Written by the late Bishop of Wakefield._
_Set to Music by Sir Arthur Sullivan. (Facsimile of the Original MS._)
King of kings, Whose reign of old
Hath been from everlasting,
Before Whose throne their crowns of gold
The white-rob'd saints are casting;
While all the shining courts on high
With Angel songs are ringing,
Oh let Thy children venture nigh,
Their lowly homage bringing.
2 For every heart, made glad by Thee,
With thankful praise is swelling;
And every tongue, with joy set free,
Its happy theme is telling.
Thou hast been mindful of Thine own,
And lo! we come confessing--
'Tis Thou hast dower'd our queenly throne
With sixty years of blessing.
3 Oh Royal heart, with wide embrace
For all her children yearning!
Oh happy realm, such mother-grace
With loyal love returning!
Where England's flag flies wide unfurl'd,
All tyrant wrongs repelling;
God make the world a better world
For man's brief earthly dwelling!
4 Lead on, O Lord, Thy people still,
New grace and wisdom giving,
To larger love, and purer will,
And nobler heights of living.
And, while of all Thy love below
They chant the gracious story,
Oh teach them first Thy Christ to know,
And magnify His glory. _Amen._
_The Portraits of Author and Composer are from Photographs by Window and
Grove, London, and Kilpatrick, Belfast._]
INDEX
_The asterisk (*) indicates an illustration or a footnote to an
illustration._
Aberdeen, Lord, *39, 74, *78, 79.
Abyssinia, War with, 133.
Adelaide, *128.
Adelaide, Queen, *30.
Aden, *20.
Adullam, Cave of, 128.
Afghanistan, affairs of, 31, *98, 147, 154-6, 167.
Africa, British, 71, *133, *134, 156.
Agra, Taj Mahal, *105;
mutiny at, *98.
Akbar Khan, 32.
Alabama Claims, 120.
Albany, Duke of. _See_ Leopold, Prince.
Albert, Prince, portraits of, *26, *37, *40, *49, *61, *79, *107,
*120;
betrothal, 26;
character, 26, 120;
landing of, *27;
marriage, *28;
grant to, 27;
prejudice against, 27;
opposition to duelling, 27;
his industry, 55;
projects the Great Exhibition, 55, *60;
on Russo-Turkish War, 76;
efforts for national defence, 78;
official title, 95;
at Aldershot, *116;
in the Highlands, *117;
death, 119;
memorial, *121.
Albert Memorial, *121;
Hall, *121;
Chapel, *178.
Alexandria, bombardment of, 159.
Alfred, Prince, *49, *107, *175;
marriage, *142.
Alice, Princess, *49, *107, *124;
marriage, *122.
Aliwal, Battle of, 44.
Allegiance, Act of, 6.
Alma, Battle of, 81, 82.
America. _See_ Canada, United States.
Anæsthetics, introduction of, 54.
Anti-Corn Law League, 35.
Arabi Pasha, 158, 160.
Architecture, Victorian, 188.
Arms, Small, *94, *95, *96.
Army, purchase, 136;
uniforms of, *76, *77.
Arnold, Dr., *92.
Arthur, Prince, portraits, *107, *124, *175;
presentation to, by his god-father, *59;
marriage, *151;
at Tel-el-Kebir, *160.
Ashanti War, 140, *141.
Ashley, Lord. _See_ Shaftesbury, Earl of.
Atlantic Cable, *38, 130.
Atrocities, Turkish, in Bulgaria, 144;
in Armenia, 180, *182.
Auckland, Lord, *32.
Australia, 70, *119, *125, *126, *128.
Awkward Situation, an, *39.
Balaklava, Battle of, 83, *84, *85.
Balfour, Rt. Hon. A. J., 157.
Ballot Bill, the, 17, 137;
effect of, 140.
Balmoral, *73, *108.
Bank Charter Act, suspension of, 108, 130.
Barings, failure of, 177.
Beaconsfield, Earl of. _See_ Disraeli.
Beales, Mr., 129.
Beatrice, Princess (Princess Henry of Battenberg), *124, *139, *175;
marriage, *168.
Bedchamber Question, 22.
Belgians, King of, *25, *107.
Belle Alliance, La, *10.
Benares, *102.
Bentinck, Lord G., *48.
Berlin Congress and Treaty, 146.
Bessemer, Sir H., *165.
Bicycle, early, *184.
Bogue Forts, bombardment of, 29.
Bombay, views in, *101.
Bottle-holder, the Judicious, *64, 65.
Bowl, silver gilt, used at christening of Prince of Wales, *36.
Bowring, Sir J., 92.
_Boxer_, H.M.S., *65.
Boycotting, 157.
Bread, scarcity of, 19.
Bright, John, *35, 110, *112;
included in Cabinet, 134.
Brisbane, *126.
Britannia Bridge, *170.
_Britannia_, H.M.S., *64.
_Britannia_ Yacht, *184.
Brougham, Lord, *17;
attacks Melbourne's Government, *14;
motion on the Corn Duties, 21.
Browning, Robert, *111.
Brunel, I. K., *38, *186.
Brydon, Dr., *33, 105.
Buckingham Palace, *63;
State Dining-Room, *182.
Burnes, Capt., at Cabul, 31.
Butt, Mr., 154.
Cabul, *32;
Burnes at, 31;
retreat from, 33;
massacre at, 147;
evacuation of, 154-6.
Calcutta, Government House, *100.
_Caledonia_ Steamship, *21.
Cambridge, Duke of, *36, *107;
Duchess of, *36, *107.
Canada, Constitution of, 14;
rebellion in, 15;
attempted invasions of, 15, 132;
growth of, 72;
views in, and statistics, *114, *115, *116.
Candahar, march to, *155;
victory at, *156.
Canning, Viscount, *99.
Cape Colony, 71, *133, *134.
Cardwell, Rt. Hon. E., *112, 136.
Carlyle, Thomas, *58.
Carnarvon, Lord, 141, 145.
Cartridges, greased, in the Indian Mutiny, 97.
Cavendish, Lord Frederick, 161, 162, 173.
Cawnpore, mutiny at, 101-103;
views in, *102.
Ceylon, *109.
Chalmers, Dr. Thos., *42.
Channel Tunnel, 185.
Charge of the Heavy Brigade, *84;
of the Light Brigade, *85.
Charter, the people's, 20.
Chartist movement, 19, 50.
Chelmsford, Lord, 149.
Chilianwalla, Battle of, *46.
China, Wars with, 28, *29, *92, 113-116.
Chinese Jugglers, *29.
Chloroform, introduction of, 54.
Church of England, religious movements in, 41.
Church of Scotland, secession from, 42.
Churchill, Lord Randolph, 157, 168, 171.
Chusan, capture of, 29.
Civis Romanus Sum, 54.
Clarence, Duke of, *175;
death of, 177, *178.
Closure, the, 158, 172, 178.
Clyde, Lord (Sir Colin Campbell), *103, 104, 105.
Coach, State, *14.
Coaches, Mail, 24.
Coalition Government, 87.
Coats's, J. and P., carding room, *152.
Cobden, Richard, *35, *36, 94, *112.
Coins, *169.
Colonial Troops, *130.
Colonies, the, expansion of, 70;
views in. _See_ Canada, Australia, &c.
Commerce, British, growth of, *38, *52.
Commons, House of, in Committee, *53;
new building, *66;
pictures of, *112, *179.
Connaught, Duke of. _See_ Arthur, Prince.
Conservatives, origin of name, 12.
Conyngham, Marquis of, *18.
Coomassie, *141.
Cordite, manufacture of, *95.
Cormack, Widow, her cabbage garden, 49.
Corn Laws, 21, 35.
Coronation, the, 10, *11.
Corrupt Practices Act, 164.
Cotton Imports, *152.
Council, the Queen's first, *5.
County Councils Bill, 177.
Crete, insurrection in, 182.
Cricket, *136, *137.
Crimean War, 77, 79-91.
Critics, *139.
Cruisers, armed, *62.
Crystal Palace, the, 56.
Cunard fleet, *39.
Cyclist corps, *97.
Cyprus occupied, 146.
Czar of Russia (Nicholas I.), 73-76, 87;
(Nicholas II.), *181, *191;
marriage of, *190.
Dalhousie, Lord, his policy, 96, 98, 99, 101.
Dardanelles, fleet ordered to, 145.
Darwin, Charles, *143.
Delhi, mutiny at, 99;
siege of, 103;
Cashmere gate of, *103.
Denison, Speaker, 19.
Denmark, popular feeling regarding, 122, 125;
War with Prussia and Austria, 124.
Derby, 14th Earl, *68;
forms a Ministry, 67;
second Administration, 109;
Reform Bill, 110, 130;
last Administration, 128;
"leap in the dark," 130;
retires, 134;
death, 135.
Derby, 15th Earl, secedes from Beaconsfield's Cabinet, 145;
joins Liberal Party, 146.
Devonshire, Duke of, 180. _See also_ Hartington, Marquis of.
Dickens, Charles, *46.
Disraeli, Benjamin, portraits, *48, *68, *112, *139, *146;
statue, *158;
maiden speech of, 13;
speaks on Corn Laws, 39;
Chancellor of Exchequer, 67, 69;
on the Chinese War, 94;
on Conspiracy to Murder Bill, 109;
on Palmerston's Domestic Policy, 109;
Reform Bill, 110, 130;
educates his party, 131;
attacks Gladstone's Government, 139;
declines office, 139;
third Administration, 141;
purchases Suez Canal shares, 143;
refuses to coerce Turkey, 144;
accepts the Earldom of Beaconsfield, 145;
at Berlin Congress, 146;
appeals to the country, 152;
death of, 158.
Diving Helmet, *47.
Dost Mohamed Khan, 31.
Dublin, *148.
Durban, *134.
Durham, Earl of, 16.
Dynamite Conspiracy, 163.
Dynamos, *188.
Ecclesiastical Titles Bill, 58.
Edinburgh, *148;
Duke of. _See_ Alfred, Prince.
Education, National, 136, 188;
free, 177.
Egypt, proposed annexation of, 74;
condition of, 150, 160;
Arabi's revolt, 158;
British occupation, 160;
War medals, *162;
annihilation of Col. Hicks' army, 164.
Elections, General, 13.
Electric Telegraph, 9.
Electricity, 186, *188.
Elephants of the Viceroy, *100.
Elgin, Lord, 113, 116.
Ellenborough, Lord, *17, *33, 34.
Elswick Works, *74, *78.
Emerald Lake, Canada, *115.
Empire, the British, map of, *71.
Employers' Liability Bill, 178.
Engines, locomotive, *9;
marine, *164.
Exhibition, the Great, *55, *60, 62.
Exports from United Kingdom, 52.
Faraday, Michael, *188.
Fashions, *52, *136, *137.
Fenians, 131, 132, 135, 153.
Ferozeshah, Battle of, 44.
Fiji annexed, 71, 142.
"Floreat Etona," 157.
Forster, Rt. Hon. W. E., 136, 158, 163.
Forth Bridge, *170.
Fourth Party, the, 157.
France, revolutions in, 51, 66;
threatened rupture with, 53, 66, 111.
Franchise. _See_ Reform Bill.
Franco-German War, 138.
Franklin, Sir John, *46.
Free Trade, 35.
Geneva Arbitration Award, 121.
Germany, unfriendly action of, 183.
Gladstone, Rt. Hon. W. E., portrait, *139;
speech on Canadian Constitutions Bills, 16;
enters Peel's Cabinet, 39;
on Maynooth Grants, 40;
attacks Disraeli's Budget, 69;
War Budget, 79;
sympathy with Italy, 110;
on Paper Duty, 111;
unseated for Oxford, 125;
"unmuzzled," 126;
Leader of House, 127;
Franchise Bill, 127;
first Administration, 134-139;
defeat, 139;
resumes office, 139;
appeals to country, 140;
retires, 141;
first Midlothian campaign, 152;
second ditto, 153;
second Administration, 153;
defeat, 168;
third Midlothian campaign, 169;
third Administration, 169;
accepts Home Rule, 169, 170;
appoints Parnell Commission, 174;
fourth Midlothian campaign, 177;
second Home Rule Bill, 178, *179, 190;
retirement, 179;
on Armenia, 181, 182.
Goojerat, Battle of, 46.
Gordon, General, 164.
Gough, Sir Hugh (Lord), *45;
in China, 29;
in India, 45.
Goulbourne, Mr., *48.
Grant, Sir Hope, *104, 105, 114.
Granville, Lord, 139, 153.
_Great Eastern_ Steamship, *38, 130.
Greece, difficulty with, 53;
War with Turkey, 182.
Greville, Chas., 5, *7;
quotations from, 4, 8, 17, 21, 25, 54.
Grey, Sir George, *112.
Gun-cotton factory, *94, *95.
Guns, heavy, *74, *75, *78;
machine, *95.
Hanover, King of, 4, *5, 6;
severance of Crown of from that of Great Britain, 6.
Harcourt, Sir W., Home Secretary, 163;
Leader of House, 179;
defeat at Derby, 180.
Hardinge, Viscount, *44, 45.
Hartington, Marquis of, 110, 153. _See also_ Devonshire, Duke of.
Havelock, Sir Henry, 102, 103, *104, *105.
Haynau, General, mobbed, 68.
Head, Sir F., 16.
Helena, Princess, *49, *107, *124, *127;
marriage, *129.
Henry, Prince, of Battenberg, marriage, *168;
death, *178.
Herschel, Sir John F. W., *91.
Hill, Lord, *10, *25.
Hill, Sir Rowland, *23.
Hobart Town, *131.
Holy Land, Turkish position in, 75.
Home Rule movement, 153, 169, 177, 178.
Hongkong, *113.
Hyde Park, riot in, 129.
Hyderabad, attack on, 44.
Imperial Institute, 173, *174.
Imports of United Kingdom, 52.
India, affairs of, 43;
expansion of British dominion in, 71;
Mutiny, 95-106;
government passes to Crown, 106;
population, *100, 144;
views in, *100-*103;
Queen proclaimed Empress, 144, *145.
Indian Cavalry, Types of, *99.
Influenza, 177.
Inkermann, Battle of, 85, *86.
Ireland, Famine in, 36, 47, 131;
Queen's visit to, 52;
discontent in, 131;
crime in, 158, 162.
_See also under_ Home Rule.
Irish Church, disestablishment of, 134, 135.
Irish Land League, 157.
Irish Land Legislation, 135, 158.
Irish Members, imprisonment of, 161.
Irish Party, split in, 176.
Irish University Bill, 139.
Ironclads. _See_ Navy.
Irving, Sir Henry, *146.
Isandhlana, 149.
Jameson, Dr., 182, *183.
Jellalabad, Brydon's arrival at, *33.
"Jingo," origin of the term, 146.
Jowett, Benjamin, *152.
Jubilee procession, *172;
service, *173.
Junks, engagements with, *29, *92.
_Jupiter_, H.M.S., *64.
Justice, Royal Courts of, *147.
Kandy Lake, Ceylon, *109.
Kassassin, Battle of, *159.
Keble, Rev. J., *42.
Kensington Palace, 3, *5, *6.
Kent, Duchess of, *4, 12, *30, *37, *107, *118;
Duke of, 4, 6, *118.
Khartoum, siege of, 164;
expedition to relieve, *166.
Kimberley diamond mine, *134.
Knollys, General, *116.
Kooshab, Battle of, *98.
Laing's Nek, 156, *157.
Landseer, Sir E., *135.
Lantern, Dioptric, *51.
Launceston, Tasmania, *131.
Launch of a Liner, *165.
Leighton, Lord, *176.
Leopold, Prince, Duke of Albany, *107;
marriage, *163, *175.
Lewis, Sir G. Cornewall, *112.
Liberals, first mention of, 31.
Lifeboats, *54, *55.
Lighthouses, *50, *51.
Lightship, the Spurn, *50.
Lincoln, Abraham, 117, 118, 119.
Lincoln, Lord, *48.
Lister, Sir J., *191.
Literature, Victorian, 189.
Livingstone, David, *135.
Locomotion, modern, 8, 184, *185.
Lords, the House of, disagreement with Commons on Paper Duty, 112;
on Home Rule, 178.
Lorne, Marquis of, *138;
Marchioness. _See_ Louise, Princess.
Louis Philippe visits Windsor, *41;
abdication, 51.
Louise, Princess, Marchioness of Lorne, *107, *127, *138, *175.
Lowe, Robert, Viscount Sherbrooke, 128.
Lucknow, relief of, *104;
ruins of Residency, *105.
Lyndhurst, Lord, *5, 14, 112.
Lytton, Sir Edward Bulwer, *112.
Lytton, Lord, *144, *145.
Macaulay, Lord, *109;
on his own writings, 25.
Macnaghten, Sir W., 32.
Magdala, capture of, 134.
Mahdi, the, 164, 165, 167.
Maiwand, action at, *154, 155.
Majuba Hill, 157.
_Malabar_ frigate, wreck of, 114.
Manchester Ship Canal, *171;
Town Hall, *189.
Mansfield, Earl of, 17.
Marines, Royal, uniforms of, *81.
Mary, Princess of Cambridge, *107.
Maud of Wales, Princess, marriage of, *182.
May, First of, *59.
May of Teck, Princess, *175, 177, *181.
Meeanee, Battle of, 44.
Meerut, rising at, 97.
Melbourne, Lord, 4, *5, 12, *18;
character of, 18;
attacked by Brougham, 22;
fall of his Ministry, 31.
Melbourne, views in, *125.
Menschikoff, Prince, 75.
Militia, plans for, 66, 67.
Millais, Sir J. Everett, *176.
_Monarch_, telegraph ship, *31.
Monroe Doctrine, the, 183.
Montgomery, Mr. Robert, action at Meean Meer, 100.
Montreal, *114.
Moodkee, Battle of, 44.
Mooltan, siege of, 46.
Motor Carriages, 185.
Nana Sahib, 101-103.
Nankin, Treaty of, 29.
Napier, Sir Charles, *43, 77, 82.
Napier, Lord, of Magdala, *133.
Napoleon, Louis, _coup d'état_, 63;
visit to England, *88;
plot against, 108;
seeks British aid for deliverance of Italy, 110.
Napoleon, Prince, death of, 149.
Natal, *134.
Natural History Museum, *143.
Naval Actions, *29, *92, *113.
Naval Reviews, *47, *78.
Navy Island seized by Americans, 16.
Navy, uniforms of, *56, *57;
battleships, &c., *64, *65, *69, 186, *187;
moves into Dardanelles, 76;
compared with foreign Navies, 78.
Newman, John Henry, Cardinal, *41.
Newport, riot at, 20.
New South Wales, views in, and statistics of, *119.
New Zealand, 70;
views in, and statistics of, *132.
Nightingale, Miss Florence, 86, *87.
Northcote, Sir Stafford, 157, 168.
"North Star" railway engine, *9.
Oath on Accession, 4, 7;
at Coronation, *8.
O'Brien, W. Smith, 48, 49.
O'Connell, Daniel, 12, *20, *36.
O'Connor, Feargus, 48, 50.
Operating Room at Central Telegraph Office, *31.
Opium War, 28.
Orsini Plot, 108.
Osborne House, *150, *151.
Ottawa, Houses of Parliament, *114.
Outram, Sir J., *104, *105.
Overend and Gurney, failure of, 130.
Owen, Sir Richard, *143.
Pacifico, the Jew of Athens, 53.
Palmerston, Lord, *5, *39, *112;
on action of Chinese Government, 28;
rises to fame, 53, 54;
indiscretions, 63, 64, 65;
resignation of, 65, 77;
again Prime Minister, 87;
defeat of, on Chinese War, 94;
returns to office, 95;
defeat, 108;
second Administration, 110;
action respecting Schleswig-Holstein, 125;
why supported, 125;
death, 126;
character of, 126.
Papal Titles, 57.
Paper, the duty on, 111.
Parish Councils Bill, 178.
Parliament, Houses of, *66.
Parnell, Charles S., 153, 155, 157, *158, 169;
imprisoned, 161;
fall of, 176;
death, 176.
Parnell Commission, 173, 176.
Party Government, evils arising from, 17.
_Pas-de-deux_, Beaconsfield and Salisbury, *146.
Peel, Sir Robert, *5, *12, *48;
resigns on the Bedchamber Question, 22;
on grant to Prince Albert, 27;
forms a Cabinet, 31;
accepts Free Trade, 35, *36;
resumes office, 39;
defeat of, 40;
last speech of, 54;
death, 54.
Peel, Capt. Sir W., *104.
Pei-ho Forts, attack on, *113.
Pekin, capitulation of, 115.
P. and O. Steamers, *21.
Perth, West Australia, *128.
Petition, monster, 51.
Phoenix Park murders, 161, 173.
Phonograph, the, 186.
Photography, 187, *192.
Plates, Royal, *153.
Police, origin of the nickname "Peelers," 10.
Poll Tarff, fording the, *117.
Poor Law, detestation of, 19.
Post, the Penny, 23.
Post Office, 9, *23, *24, *25, *26, *31, *190.
Postal Vans, *22.
Potato Famine in Ireland, 36, 47.
Press, the, 190.
Primrose Day, *158.
Prince Consort. _See_ Albert, Prince.
Princess Royal, portraits of, *40, *49, *106, *124, *175;
christening of, *30;
marriage, 106, *107.
Probyn, Capt. Dighton, *98.
Proclamation of Queen as Empress of India, 144, *145.
Prussia, King of, *37;
Queen of, *107;
Crown Prince of, 106, *107.
Pusey, Dr. E. B., *41.
Quebec, *114.
Queen, Her Majesty the. _See_ Victoria, Queen.
Queen's name, story of the, 7;
speech, 7.
Queensland, views in, and statistics of, *126.
Raglan, Lord, 80, 84, *88.
Railway Carriage, the Queen's, *16.
Railways, early, 8, *9, *15, *16, *22.
Ramnuggur, Battle of, 45.
Reform Bills, 12, 129, 167;
League, 129.
Regalia, the, *106.
Remnant of an army, *33.
Repeal of Corn Laws, 38, 40.
_Repulse_, H.M.S., *69, *75.
Rice, Rt. Hon. Spring, 24.
Rifles, examples of, *96;
manufacture, *94.
Roberts, General Lord, 147, 154, *155, 156.
"Rocket," the, *9.
Röntgen Rays, *192.
Rorke's Drift, *149.
Rosebery, Lord, premiership of, 179;
resigns office, 180;
resigns leadership of party, 182.
Round Table Conference, 171.
Royal Family, portraits of, *49, *175.
_Royal Sovereign_, H.M.S., *69.
Runjeet Singh, 31.
Ruskin, Professor, 188, *191.
Russell, Lord John, *5, *12, 14, *112;
moves grant to Prince Albert, 27;
proposes fixed Duty on Corn, 36;
attempts to form a Ministry, 39;
action respecting Papal Titles, 58;
defeat of, 59;
resumes office, 60;
defeated on Militia Bill, 67;
on Conspiracy to Murder Bill, 109;
on Disraeli's Reform Bill, 110;
action respecting Schleswig-Holstein, 125;
raised to peerage, *127;
becomes Premier, 127.
Russell, Sir W. H., *83.
Russia, political action of Czar, 73, 74, *75, 76;
invasion of Turkey, 75;
death of Nicholas I., 87;
repudiates Treaty of Berlin, 138;
invades Turkey, 145;
anticipated War with, 167.
Sacrament, Queen receiving, *10.
Sale, General, 34.
Salisbury, Lord, portrait, *146;
in Disraeli's third Administration, 141;
at Berlin Congress, 146;
on Redistribution Bill, 167;
first Administration, 168;
second, 177;
third, 180.
Saloon, the Queen's, *16.
Sanitation, 192.
Schleswig-Holstein, War in, 124.
Science, advances in, 190-192.
Seamen, landing party of, *72.
Sebastopol, siege of, 80, 81, *83, 86, 88, 89.
Self-Denying Policy, *159.
Shaftesbury, Earl of, *40.
Shah Soojah-ool-Moolk, 31, 34.
Shears for cutting steel, *165.
Sibthorpe, Colonel, 27, 57.
Sick Man of Europe, the, 73.
Signal Cabins, *13.
Sikh Wars, 43, 45;
Sikh loyalty, 98.
Smallpox, decline of, 191.
Smith, Mr. W. H., 134, 171;
death, 176.
Sobraon, Battle of, *43, 44.
Soudan, War in, 164, 167.
Soult, Marshal, *10, 12.
South Australia, statistics of, *128.
Southey, Robert, *111.
Speaker, the, *112, *176.
Spencer, Herbert, *161.
Sports, Royal, *73, *79.
State Coach, the, *14.
Steam-hammer, *70.
Steamships, *21, *31, *38, *39, *62, *165, 185. _See also_ Navy.
Stephens, James, 131.
Stephenson, George, *185.
Stewart, General, 147.
Suez Canal Shares, purchase of, 143.
Summer Palace, destruction of, 116.
Surgery, Antiseptic, 191.
Sussex, Duke of, 4, *5, *30, *37.
Sydney, views in, *119.
Tait, Archbishop, *152.
Tantia Topee, 102, 106.
Tasmania, 70;
views in, and statistics of, *131.
Tchernaya, Battle of, 89.
Telegraph Instruments, early, *15.
Telegraph Office, Central, *31.
Telegraphs, 9, *14, *15, *31.
Telephone, the, 186.
Telescope, Lord Rosse's, *91.
Tel-el-Kebir, Battle of, 159, *160, *161.
Temple Bar, *147.
Tennyson, Lord, *111.
_Terrible_, H.M.S., *65.
_Teutonic_ Steamship, *62.
Thackeray, *109;
May-day Ode, 60, 62.
Thames, the, *147.
Thanksgiving Service for recovery of Prince of Wales, *140;
for Jubilee of Her Majesty, 172, *173.
Three generations afloat, *184.
Throne Room, Windsor, *19.
Tien-tsin, Treaty of, *113, 114;
occupation of, 115.
Too Late! *166.
Toronto, *115.
Torpedo boats, *65;
stores, *72.
Tower Bridge, *171.
Tractarian movement, 42, 57.
Tracts for the Times, 42.
Trade Unions, 20.
Trafalgar Square, meetings in, 129.
Transportation Act repealed, 71.
Transvaal, the, War with, 156;
Dr. Jameson invades, 182, *183.
Treason Felony Act, 49.
Trent Affair, the, 118.
Trooping the Colours, *97.
Truro Cathedral, *189.
Tunnel, Channel, 185;
Southwark, *186;
Blackwall, *186.
Turkey, proposed division of, 71;
custody of Holy Places, 75;
invasion by Russia, 75, 145;
destruction of fleet, 76;
atrocities in Bulgaria, 144;
in Armenia, 180;
War with Greece, 182.
United States, friendly action of, 16, 132;
Civil War in, 117, 118;
threatened rupture with, 120, 121, 183.
Vancouver Harbour, *115.
Venezuela, dispute as to Boundary of, 183.
Victoria, Princess, 3, *4, *6, *7.
Victoria, Queen, portraits of, *2, *4, *6, *7, *8, *19, *27, *34,
*49, *52, *59, *80, *93, *107, *120, *124, *127, *139, *175,
*177, *180, *191, *192;
Accession, 3, 7, *8;
first Council, 4;
youth of, 5;
her name, 7;
prorogues Parliament (1837), 7;
impressions as to her character, 8;
Coronation, 10;
confidence in Lord Melbourne, 18;
sends for Duke of Wellington, 21;
Bedchamber Question, 22;
attends review at Windsor, *25;
betrothal, 26;
opens Parliament (1840), 27;
marriage, *28;
fired at, 28, 52;
receives Louis Philippe, *41;
growing popularity, 52;
visits Ireland, 52;
on Papal Titles, 58;
on opening of Great Exhibition, 62;
on Napoleon's _coup d'état_, 63;
invests Napoleon with Garter, *88;
distributes medals, *89;
visits France, *90, *91;
at Aldershot, *116;
in the Highlands, *117;
on Prince Consort's last writings, 120;
at Osborne, *127;
proclaimed Empress of India, 144, *145;
Jubilee, 172, *173;
opens Imperial Institute, *173;
influence of character, 189, 192.
_Victoria_, H.M.S., *65.
Victoria Cross pictures, *82, *87, *89, *98.
Victoria, Australia, views in, and statistics of, *125.
Vienna, Conferences of Ambassadors at, 75.
Villiers, Rt. Hon. C. P., *17, 21, 35, *112.
Volunteer movement, 111;
uniforms, *110.
Wales, Prince of, portraits, *48, *79, *107, *124, *144, *175, *191;
christening of, *37;
marriage, 122, *123;
illness, recovery, and thanksgiving, *140;
visits India, 144;
organizes Jubilee Institute, 173;
hand of, *192.
Wales, Princess of, *124, *175;
marriage, 122, *123.
War correspondents, 82.
_Warrior_, H.M.S., *69.
War-ships. _See_ Navy.
Waterloo Bridge, *147.
Wellington, Duke of, *5, *25;
at the Coronation, 10;
declines Premiership, 21;
moves amendment to address on Queen's betrothal, 27;
as Cæsar's Ghost, *36;
on Corn Laws, 38;
advises recall of Lord Russell, 59;
presents casket to Prince Arthur, *59;
death, 67;
funeral, *67, *68.
West Australia, statistics of, *128.
Who? Who? Ministry, 67.
William IV., death of, 3.
_William Fawcett_ Steamship, *21.
Windsor Castle, *3;
Throne Room, *19.
Winnipeg City Hall, *116.
Wolseley, Sir Garnet, afterwards Viscount, portrait, *160;
in Ashanti, 140;
in South Africa, 149;
in Egypt, 160, *161, 165.
Wood, Sir Charles, *112.
Woolwich Arsenal, *70.
Wordsworth, William, *110.
York, Duke of, *175;
marriage of, *181.
York, Prince Edward of, *180.
Zulu War, 148.
*** _All the illustrations in this Work are copyright._
ERRATA.
_The following corrections have been made in a portion of the issue of
this Work._
pp. 62, 63, date of closing of Great Exhibition _should be_
"October 11."
p. 65, fifth line from bottom, date of fire at Houses of
Parliament _should be_ "1834."
p. 71, last line, _for_ "died out" _read_ "almost died out"
p. 77, sixth line from bottom, _for_ "oppressor" _read_
"opposer"
p. 90, first line of note beneath upper illustration _should
read_ "first visit of an English Sovereign to Paris since
Henry VI. was crowned there," &c.
p. 119, title to first illustration _should read_ "Sydney
Harbour, from Palace Garden."
FOOTNOTES:
[A] Who had recently taken the place of the old watchmen, and were
nicknamed Peelers after Sir Robert Peel.
[B] The Tory Party had by this time adopted the title of Conservatives,
a term first applied to them by Wilson Croker in the _Quarterly Review_
for January 1830, wherein he mentions his attachment to "what is called
the Tory, but which might, with more propriety, be called the
Conservative Party." The Charter of Conservatism was never more clearly
defined than by Sir Robert Peel, who, speaking at Merchant Taylors' Hall
in 1838, said: "My object for some years past has been to lay the
foundations of a great party which, existing in the House of Commons,
and deriving its strength from the popular will, should diminish the
risk and deaden the shock of collisions between the two branches of the
legislature."
[C] During eight months of 1839 wheat was upwards of 70_s._ a quarter.
Last year (1896) it was 24_s._
[D] Daniel O'Connell's parody referring to Colonel Sibthorp, who was
Member for Lincoln, and two other Colonels in Parliament, is too witty
to be forgotten:--
"Three Colonels in three distant counties born,
Sligo, Armagh, and Lincoln did adorn,
The first in matchless impudence surpassed
The next in bigotry--in both, the last.
The force of nature could no further go:
To beard the third, she shaved the other two."
Colonel Sibthorp was distinguished, in days when shaven chins were all
but universal, by an immense beard and moustache.
[E] This Act was repealed in 1871.
[F] There were at that time two offices in the Government, that of the
Secretary of State for War, who was the Duke of Newcastle, and that of
the Secretary at War, Mr. Sidney Herbert.
[G] Sir Henry Lawrence was brother of Sir John Lawrence, afterwards Lord
Lawrence, Governor-General of India.
[H] Her Royal Highness's full baptismal names are Alexandra Caroline
Maria Charlotte Louisa Julia.
[I] See page 217.
[J] See page 210.
[K] Dress of black moiré silk with panels of pale grey silk, embroidered
in silver; cape of black chiffon, with white lace insertion and silver
embroidery. Black bonnet, ornamented with jet and silver, trimmed with
white acacia and ostrich feathers, and diamond aigrette.
* * * * * *
Transcriber's note:
Simple typographical errors were corrected.
Punctuation and spelling were made consistent when a predominant
preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.
The first letter of each Chapter, including the Preface, was printed as
an illustrated drop-cap. This version of this eBook uses simple printed
letters instead, and does not indicate the presence of an illustration.
Identifying names in some captions have been replaced by letter keys and
corresponding explanations; when the original book used numeric keys,
they have been retained.
Footnotes have been moved to the end of this eBook.
The Index only covers pages 1-192. In the original book, it appeared
immediately after the Preface, but has been moved to the end of this
eBook.
In the original book, the Errata section appeared immediately after the
Index, and has been moved, with the Index, to the end of this eBook.
Index entry for "Press, the" refers to non-existent page 910. Changed to
190.
Table of Contents added by Transcriber.
Page 153, second illustration: plates numbered in original sequence.
Page 175: some numbers in the Key are unclear in the original.
Page 181: in illustration caption, "Victoria Melitia" should be
"Victoria Melita," as it is in the illustration caption on page 175.
Page 188: The "er" in "François Ier" was superscripted.
Page 213: The "6" in "about 600 Members" was printed poorly in the
source.