RAMSES passed most of the night in feverish imaginings. Once the vision
of the state appeared to him as an immense labyrinth with strong walls
through which no one could force a way, then again he saw the shadow of
a priest who with one wise opinion had indicated to him the method of
escape from that labyrinth. And now appeared unexpectedly before him
two powers, the interest of the state, which he had not felt thus far,
though he was heir to the throne; and the priesthood, which he wished
to debase and then make his servant.
That was a burdensome night. The prince turned on his bed repeatedly,
and asked himself whether he had not been blind, and if he had not
received sight that day for the first time in order to convince himself
of his folly and nothingness. How differently during those night hours
did the warnings of his mother appear to him, and the restraint of his
father in enouncing the supreme will, and even the stern conduct of the
minister, Herhor.
"The state and the priesthood!" repeated the prince, half asleep, and
covered with cold perspiration.
The heavenly deities alone know what would have happened had there been
time to develop and ripen those thoughts which were circling that night
in the soul of Ramses. Perhaps if he had become pharaoh he would have
been one of the most fortunate and longest-lived rulers. Perhaps his
name, carved in temples above ground and underground, would have come
down to posterity surrounded with the highest glory. Perhaps he and his
dynasty would not have lost the throne, and Egypt would have avoided
great disturbance and the bitterest days of her history.
But the serenity of morning scattered the visions which circled above
the heated head of the heir, and the succeeding days changed greatly
his ideas of the inflexible interests of Egypt.
The visit of the prince to the prison was not fruitless. The
investigating official made a report to the supreme judge immediately,
the judge looked over the case again, examined some of the accused
himself, and in the course of some days liberated the greater number;
the remainder he brought to trial as quickly as possible.
When he who had complained of the damage done the prince's property did
not appear, though summoned in the hall of the court and on the market-
place, the case was dropped, and the rest of the accused were set at
liberty.
One of the judges remarked, it is true, that according to law the
prince's overseer should be prosecuted for false complaint, and, in
case of conviction, suffer the punishment which threatened the
defendants. This question too they passed over in silence.
The overseer disappeared from the eyes of justice, he was sent by the
heir to the province of Takeus, and soon the whole box of documents in
the case vanished it was unknown whither.
On hearing this, Prince Ramses went to the grand secretary and asked
with a smile,
"Well, worthy lord, the innocent are liberated, the documents
concerning them have been destroyed sacrilegiously, and still the
dignity of the government has not been exposed to danger."
"My prince," answered the grand secretary, with his usual coolness, "I
did not understand that Thou offerest complaints with one hand and
wishest to withdraw them with the other. Worthiness, Thou wert offended
by the rabble; hence it was thy affair to punish it. If Thou hast
forgiven it, the state has nothing to answer."
"The state! the state!" repeated the prince. "We are the state," added
he, blinking.
"Yes, the state is the pharaoh and his most faithful servants," added
the secretary.
This conversation with such a high official sufficed to obliterate in
the prince's soul those ideas of state dignity which were growing and
powerful, though indistinct yet. "The state, then, is not that
immovable, ancient edifice to which each pharaoh is bound to add one
stone of glory, but rather a sand-heap, which each ruler reshapes as he
pleases. In the state there are no narrow doors, known as laws, in
passing through which each must bow his head, whoever he be, erpatr or
earth-worker. In this edifice are various entrances and exits, narrow
for the weak and small, very wide, nay, commodious for the powerful."
"If this be so," thought the prince, as the idea flashed on him, "I
will make the order which shall please me."
At that moment Ramses remembered two people, the liberated black who
without waiting for command had been ready to die for him, and that
unknown priest.
"If I had more like them, my will would have meaning in Egypt and
beyond it," said he to himself, and he felt an inextinguishable desire
to find that priest.
"He is, in all likelihood, the man who restrained the crowd from
attacking my house. On the one hand he knows law to perfection, on the
other he knows how to manage multitudes."
"A man beyond price! I must have him."
From that time Ramses, in a small boat managed by one oarsman, began to
visit the cottages in the neighborhood of his villa. Dressed in a tunic
and a great wig, in his hand a staff on which a measure was cut out,
the prince looked like an engineer studying the Nile and its overflows.
Earth-tillers gave him willingly all explanations concerning changes in
the form of land because of inundations, and at the same time they
begged that the government might think out some easier way of raising
water than by sweeps and buckets. They told too of the attack on the
house of Prince Ramses, and said that they knew not who threw the
stones. Finally they mentioned the priest who had sent the crowd away
so successfully; but who he was they knew not.
"There is," said one man, "a priest in our neighborhood who cures sore
eyes; there is one who heals wounds and sets broken arms and legs.
There are some priests who teach reading and writing; there is one who
plays on a double flute, and plays even beautifully. But that one who
was in the garden of the heir is not among them, and they know nothing
of him. Surely he must be the god Num, or some spirit watching over the
prince, may he live through eternity and always have appetite!"
"Maybe it is really some spirit," thought Ramses.
In Egypt good or evil spirits always came more easily than rain.
The water of the Nile from being ruddy became brownish, and in August,
the month of Hator, it reached one half its height. The sluices were
opened on the banks of the river, and the water began to fill the
canals quickly, and also the gigantic artificial lake, Moeris, in the
province Fayum, celebrated for the beauty of its roses. Lower Egypt
looked like an arm of the sea thickly dotted with hills on which were
houses and gardens. Communication by land ceased altogether, and such a
multitude of boats circled around on the water boats white, yellow,
red, dark that they seemed like leaves in autumn. On the highest points
of land people had finished harvesting the peculiar cotton of the
country, and for the second time had cut clover and begun to gather in
olives and tamarinds.
On a certain day, while sailing along over inundated lands, the prince
saw an unusual movement. On one of the temporary mounds was heard among
the trees the loud cry of a woman.
"Surely some one is dead," thought Ramses.
From a second mound were sailing away in small boats supplies of wheat
and some cattle, while people standing at buildings on the land
threatened and abused people in the boats.
"Some quarrel among neighbors," said the prince to himself.
In remoter places there was quiet, and people instead of working or
singing were sitting on the ground in silence.
"They must have finished work and are resting."
But from a third mound a boat moved away with a number of crying
children, while a woman wading in the water to her waist shook her fist
and threatened.
"They are taking children to school," thought Ramses.
These happenings began to interest him.
On a fourth mound he heard a fresh cry. He shaded his eyes and saw a
man lying on the ground; a negro was beating him.
"What is happening there?" asked Ramses of the boatman.
"Does not my lord see that they are beating a wretched earth-tiller?"
answered the boatman, smiling. "He must have done something, so pain is
traveling through his bones."
"But who art thou?"
"I?" replied the boatman, proudly. "I am a free fisherman. If I give a
certain share of my catch to his holiness, I may sail the Nile from the
sea to the cataract. A fisherman is like a fish or a wild goose; but an
earth-tiller is like a tree which nourishes lords with its fruit and
can never escape but only squeaks when overseers spoil the bark on it."
"Oho! ho! but look there!" cried the fisherman, pleased again. "Hei!
father, don't drink up all the water, or there will be a bad harvest."
This humorous exclamation referred to a group of persons who were
displaying a very original activity. A number of naked laborers were
holding a man by the legs and plunging him head first in the water to
his neck, to his breast, and at last to his waist. Near them stood an
overseer with a cane; he wore a stained tunic and a wig made of
sheepskin.
A little farther on some men held a woman by the arms, while she
screamed in a voice which was heaven-piercing.
Beating with a stick was as general in the happy kingdom of the pharaoh
as eating and sleeping. They beat children and grown people, earth-
tillers, artisans, warriors, officers, and officials. All living
persons were caned save only priests and the highest officials there
was no one to cane them. Hence the prince looked calmly enough on an
earth-worker beaten with a cane; but to plunge a man into water roused
his attention.
"Ho! ho!" laughed the boatman, meanwhile, "but are they giving him
drink! He will grow so thick that his wife must lengthen his belt for
him."
The prince commanded to row to the mound. Meanwhile they had taken the
man from the river, let him cough out water, and seized him a second
time by the legs, in spite of the unearthly screams of his wife, who
fell to biting the men who had seized her.
"Stop!" cried Ramses to those who were dragging the earth-tiller.
"Do your duty!" cried he of the sheepskin wig, in nasal tones. "Who art
thou, insolent, who darest."
At that moment the prince gave him a blow on the forehead with his
cane, which luckily was light. Still the owner of the stained tunic
dropped to the earth, and feeling his wig and head, looked with misty
eyes at the attacker.
"I divine," said he in a natural voice, "that I have the honor to
converse with a notable person. May good humor always accompany thee,
lord, and bile never spread through thy bones."
"What art Thou doing to this man?" interrupted Ramses.
"Thou inquirest," returned the man, speaking again in nasal tones,
"like a foreigner unacquainted with the customs of the country and the
people, to whom he speaks too freely. Know, then, that I am the
collector of his worthiness Dagon, the first banker in Memphis. And if
Thou hast not grown pale yet, know that the worthy Dagon is the agent
and the friend of the erpatr, may he live through eternity! and that
Thou hast committed violence on the lands of Prince Ramses; to this my
people will testify."
"Then know this," interrupted the prince; but he stopped suddenly. "By
what right art Thou torturing in this way one of the prince's earth-
tillers?"
"Because he will not pay his rent, and the treasury of the heir is in
need of it."
The servants of the official, in view of the catastrophe which had come
on their master, dropped their victim and stood as helpless as the
members of a body from which its head has been severed. The liberated
man began to spit again and shake the water out of his ears, but his
wife rushed up to the rescuer.
"Whoever Thou art," groaned she, clasping her hands before Ramses, "a
god, or even a messenger of the pharaoh, listen to the tale of our
sufferings. We are earth-tillers of the heir to the throne, may he live
through eternity! and we have paid all our dues: in millet, in wheat,
in flowers, and in skins of cattle. But in the last ten days this man
here has come and commands us again to give seven measures of wheat to
him. 'By what right?' asks my husband; 'the rents are paid, all of
them.' But he throws my husband on the ground, stamps, and says, 'By
this right, that the worthy Dagon has commanded.' 'Whence shall I get
wheat,' asks my husband, 'when we have none and for a month past we
have eaten only seeds, or roots of lotus, which are harder and harder
to get, for great lords like to amuse themselves with flowers of the
lotus?'"
She lost breath and fell to weeping. The prince waited patiently till
she calmed herself, but the man who had been plunged into the water
grumbled.
"This woman will bring misfortune with her talk. I have said that I do
not like to see women meddle."
Meanwhile the official, pushing up to the boatman, asked in an
undertone, indicating Ramses,
"Who is this?"
"Ah, may thy tongue wither!" answered the boatman. "Dost Thou not see
that he must be a great lord: he pays well and strikes heavily."
"I saw at once," answered the official, "that he must be some great
person. My youth passed at feasts with noted persons."
"Aha! the sauces have stuck to thy dress after those feasts," blurted
out the boatman.
The woman, after crying, continued,
"Today this scribe came with his people, and said to my husband, 'If
Thou hast not money, give thy two sons. The worthy Dagon will not only
forgive thee the rent, but will pay thee a drachma a year for each
boy.'"
"Woe to me because of thee!" roared the half-drowned husband; "Thou
wilt destroy us all with thy babbling. Do not listen to her," continued
he, turning to Ramses. "As a cow thinks that she frightens off flies
with her tail, so it seems to a woman that she can drive away
collectors with her tongue; and neither cow nor woman knows that she is
stupid."
"Thou art stupid!" said the woman. "Sun-like lord with the form of a
pharaoh."
"I call to witness that this woman blasphemes," said the official to
his people in a low voice.
"Odorous flower, whose voice is like a flute, listen to me!" implored
the woman of Ramses. "Then my husband answered this official, 'I would
rather lose two bulls, if I had them, than give my boys away, though
Thou wert to give me four drachmas; for when a boy leaves home for
service no one ever sees him after that.'."
"Would that I were choked! would that fish were eating my body in the
bottom of the Nile!" groaned the earth-tiller. "Thou wilt destroy all
our house with thy complaints, woman."
The official, seeing that he had the support of the side mainly
interested, stepped forth and began, in nasal tones, a second time,
"Since the sun rises beyond the palace of the pharaoh and sets over the
pyramids, various wonders have happened in this country. In the days of
the Pharaoh Sememphes marvelous things appeared near the pyramid of
Kochom, and a plague fell on Egypt. In the time of Boetus the ground
opened near Bubastis and swallowed many people. In the reign of
Neferches the waters of the Nile for eleven days were as sweet as
honey. Men saw these and many other things of which I know, for I am
full of wisdom. But never has it been seen that some unknown man came
up out of the water and stopped the collection of rent in the lands of
the heir to the throne of Egypt."
"Be silent," shouted Ramses, "and be off out of this place! No one will
take thy children," said he to the woman.
"It is easy for me to go away," said the collector, "for I have a swift
boat and five rowers. But, worthiness, give me some sign for my lord
Dagon."
"Take off thy wig and show him the sign on thy forehead," said Ramses.
"And tell Dagon that I will put marks of the same kind all over his
body."
"Listen to that blasphemy!" whispered the collector to his men, drawing
back toward the bank with low bows.
He sat down in the boat, and when his assistants had moved off and
pushed away some tens of yards, he stretched out his hand and shouted,
"May gripe seize thy intestines, blasphemer, rebel! From here I will go
straight to Prince Ramses and tell him what is happening on his lands."
Then he took his cane and belabored his men because they had not taken
part with him.
"So it will be with thee!" cried he to Ramses.
The prince sprang into his boat and in a rage commanded the boatman to
pursue the insolent servant of the usurer. But he of the sheepskin wig
threw down the cane, took an oar himself, and his men helped him so
well that pursuit became impossible.
"Sooner could an owl overtake a lark than we overtake them, my
beautiful lord," cried the prince's boatman, laughing. "But who art
thou? Thou art not a surveyor, but an officer, maybe even an officer of
the guard of his holiness. Thou dost strike right always on the
forehead! I know about this; I was five years in the army. I always
struck on the forehead or the belly, and I had not the worst time in
the world. But if any one struck me, I understood right away that he
must be a great person. In our Egypt may the gods never leave the land!
it is terribly crowded; town is near town, house is near house, man is
near man. Whoso wishes to turn in this throng must strike in the
forehead."
"Art Thou married?" asked the prince.
"Pfu! when I have a woman and place for a person and a half, I am
married; but for the rest of the time I am single. I have been in the
army, and I know that a woman is good, though not at all times. She is
in the way often."
"Perhaps Thou wouldst come to me for service? Who knows, wouldst Thou
be sorry to work for me?"
"With permission, worthiness, I noticed that Thou couldst lead a
regiment in spite of thy young face. But I enter the service of no man.
I am a free fisherman; my grandfather was, with permission, a shepherd
in Lower Egypt, our family comes of the Hyksos people. It is true that
dull Egyptian earth-tillers revile us, but I laugh at them. The earth-
tillers and the Hyksos, I say, worthiness, are like an ox and a bull.
The earth-tiller may go behind the plough or before it, but the Hyksos
will not serve any man, unless in the army of his holiness, that is
warrior life."
The boatman was in the vein and talked continually, but the prince
heard no longer. In his soul very painful questions grew louder and
louder, for they were new altogether. Were those mounds, then, around
which he had been sailing, on his property? A marvelous thing, he knew
not at all where his lands were nor what they looked like. So in his
name Dagon had imposed new rents on the people, and the active movement
on which he had been looking while moving along the shores was the
extortion of rents. It was clear that the man whom they had been
beating on the shore had nothing to pay with. The children who were
crying bitterly in the boat were sold at a drachma per head for a
twelvemonth, and that woman who was wading in the water to her waist
and weeping was their mother.
"Women are very unquiet," said the prince to himself. "Sarah is the
quietest woman; but others love to talk much, to cry and raise an
uproar."
He remembered the man who was pacifying his wife's excitement. They had
been plunging him into the water and he was not angry; they did nothing
to her, and still she made an uproar.
"Women are very unquiet!" repeated be. "Yes, even my mother, who is
worthy of honor. What a difference between her and my father! His
holiness does not wish to know at all that I left the army for a girl,
but the queen likes to occupy herself even with this, that I took into
my house a Jewess. Sarah is the quietest of women whom I know; but
Tafet cries and makes an uproar for four persons."
Then the prince recalled the words of the man's wife, that for a month
they had not eaten wheat, only seeds and roots of lotus. Lotus and
poppy seeds are similar; the roots are poor. He could not eat them for
three days in succession. Moreover, the priests who were occupied in
medicine advised change of diet. While in school they told him that a
man ought to eat flesh with fish, dates with wheat bread, figs with
barley. But for a whole month to live on lotus seeds! Well, cows and
horses? Cows and horses like hay, but barley straw must be shoved into
their throats by force. Surely then earth-workers prefer lotus seeds as
food, while wheat or barley cakes, fish and flesh they do not relish.
For that matter, the most pious priests, wonderworkers, never touch
flesh or fish. Evidently magnates and king's sons need flesh, just as
lions and eagles do; but earth-tillers grass, like an ox.
"Only that plunging into the water to pay rent. Ei! but didn't he once
in bathing with his comrades put them under water, and even dive
himself? What laughing they had in those days! Diving was fun. And as
to beating with a cane, how many times had they beaten him in school?
It is painful, but evidently not for every creature. A beaten dog howls
and bites; a beaten ox does not even look around. So beating may pain a
great lord, but a common man cries only so as to cry when the chance
comes. Not all cry; soldiers and officers sing while belabored."
But these wise reflections could not drown the small but annoying
disquiet in the heart of Ramses. So his tenant Dagon had imposed an
unjust rent which the tenants could not pay!
At this moment the prince was not concerned about the tenants, but his
mother. His mother must know of this Phoenician management. What would
she say about it to her son? How she would look at him! How sneeringly
she would laugh! And she would not be a woman if she did not speak to
him as follows: "I told thee, Ramses, that Phoenicians would desolate
thy property."
"If those traitorous priests," thought the prince, "would give me
twenty talents today, I would drive out that Dagon in the morning, my
tenants would not be plunged under water, would not suffer blows, and
my mother would not jeer at me. A tenth, a hundredth part of that
wealth which is lying in the temples and feeding the greedy eyes of
those bare heads would make me independent for years of Phoenicians."
Just then an idea which was strange enough flashed up in the soul of
Ramses, that between priests and earth-tillers there existed a certain
opposition.
"Through Herhor," thought he, "that man hanged himself on the edge of
the desert. To maintain priests and temples about two million Egyptian
men toil grievously. If the property of the priests belonged to the
pharaoh's treasury, I should not have to borrow fifteen talents and my
people would not be oppressed so terribly. There is the source of
misfortunes for Egypt and of weakness for its pharaohs!"
The prince felt that a wrong was done the people; therefore he
experienced no small solace in discovering that priests were the
authors of this evil. It did not occur to him that his judgment might
be unjust and faulty. Besides, he did not judge, he was only indignant.
The anger of a man never turns against himself, just as a hungry
panther never eats its own body; it twirls its tail and moves its ears
while looking for a victim.