Sci. St. Petersburg, 4:356-363, table (= plate) 4. This name was
proposed for a weasel brought to St. Petersburg by Capt.
Krusenstern on his return from a voyage around the world. The
animal was said to have come from Brazil, but to judge from the
description, came instead from México, Central America, or west of
the Andes in South America, and was based on some one of the
subspecies of _Mustela frenata_. Although the name was in use for
more than 60 years it was shown by Merriam (1896:27) to be
unavailable because it was preoccupied by _Mustela brasiliensis_,
a name earlier used by Gmelin (Syst. Nat., ed. 13, p. 93, 1788)
for a South American otter.
1815. =vulgaris= (_Mustela_), Ord, Guthrie's Geography as
reprinted by Rhoads in 1894, vol. 2, p. 291. This use by Ord is
one of the earliest applications of this name to American weasels,
in the belief that the smaller weasels of North America and Europe
were zoölogically the same; [_Mustela_] _vulgaris_ seems
originally to have been proposed in 1777 by Erxleben on p. 471 of
vol. 1 of his Syst. Regni Anim., for the weasel of the temperate
part of Europe and to be a synonym of _Mustela nivalis_ Linnaeus
(1766). Probably the name as used by Ord was composite in the
sense that he may have intended it to apply to females of _Mustela
frenata noveboracensis_ as well as to one or both sexes of
_Mustela erminea cicognanii_ and, if he ever saw them, to the two
sexes of _Mustela rixosa_ (one or several subspecies).
1818. =africana= (_Mustela_) Desmarest [= _Mustela africana
africana_], Nouv. Diction, d. Hist. Nat., 19:376. In 1808 E.
Geoffroy St.-Hilaire visited Portugal and was given several
African primates and the specimen of _Mustela_ named by Desmarest
in 1818 who wrongly supposed that it, like most of the primates,
came originally from Africa. After the name had been misapplied
for 95 years Angel Cabrera showed that it pertained instead to the
tropical weasel of Brazil. Of distinctive names applied to
American weasels today, this is the one first proposed.
1832. =frenata= (_Mustela_) Lichtenstein [= _Mustela frenata
frenata_], Darstellung neuer oder wenig bekannter Säugethiere, pl.
42 and corresponding text unpaged. This name is the first one
available for the long-tailed weasel and therefore applies to the
species as a whole.
1838. =Cicognanii= (_Mustela_) Bonaparte [= _Mustela erminea
cicognanii_], Charlesworth's Mag. Nat. Hist., 2:38. The name
erroneously spelled _Cigognanii_ was correctly spelled on page 39.
For a detailed consideration of this name see the account of the
subspecies _cicognanii_ on page 120.
1838. =Richardsonii= (_Mustela_) Bonaparte [= _Mustela erminea
richardsonii_], Charlesworth's Mag. Nat. Hist., 2:39. Until 1896
the name sometimes was applied to the subspecies now known as _M.
e. arctica_ and sometimes to part of the subspecies now designated
as _M. e. cicognanii_ under the principal treatment of which see
(page 120) for a detailed account of the basis of the name
_=richardsonii=_, and the reasons for regarding Fort Franklin as
the type locality.
1838. =longicauda= (_Mustela_) Bonaparte [= _=Mustela frenata
longicauda=_], Charlesworth's Mag. Nat. Hist., 2:39. The type
locality appears to be Carlton House, Saskatchewan, and the name
always seems to have been applied to the long-tailed weasel of the
Great Plains, although in some earlier accounts the name was used
in a more inclusive sense to refer also to animals now of
subspecies closely allied to _longicauda_. As with the two
preceding names, a detailed consideration of the basis for, and
application of, this name is given on pages 120-123 in the account
of _Mustela erminea cicognanii_.
1840. =Noveboracensis= (_Putorius_) Emmons [= _Mustela frenata
noveboracensis_], Quadrupeds of Mass., p. 45. This name was
credited by Emmons to De Kay who in the same year published it in
his report on the "Zoology of New York" but without a description
and De Kay's name is a _nomen nudum_. Emmons' was the first use of
the name accompanied by a recognizable description and therefore
the name must date from Emmons although this obviously was not his
intent since he credited the name to De Kay.
1842. =fuscus= (_Putorius_) Audubon and Bachman [= _Mustela
frenata noveboracensis_], Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., Philadelphia, 8:
(pt. 2) 288.
1842. =pusilla= (_Mustela_) De Kay [= _Mustela erminea
cicognanii_], Nat. Hist. of New York, Zool., Pt. 1, Mammalia, p.
34. This name was proposed for small weasels of 12 to 13 inches in
length of which the tail amounted to a fourth of the same and
although obviously applying in considerable part to the earlier
named _M. e. cicognanii_ seems to have included some individuals
of the also earlier named _M. f. noveboracensis_.
1843. =xanthogenys= (_Mustela_) Gray [= _Mustela frenata
xanthogenys_], Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 11:118, February, 1843,
was applied to all of the long-tailed weasels of California that
had light-colored facial markings. Merriam in 1896 suggested that
San Diego was the type locality and in 1899 Bangs proposed the
name _mundus_ for the California weasel north of San Francisco Bay
thus restricting the application of the name _xanthogenys_. In
1936 Hall further restricted the application of the name and
applied it to the long-tailed weasel of the big interior valley of
California, pointing out that the name was correctly applied to
this weasel of the big interior valley or possibly instead to the
race named _munda_.
1844. =agilis= (_Mustela_) Tschudi [= _Mustela frenata agilis_],
Untersuch. ü. die Fauna Peruana, p. 110, is a name applied today
to the race of weasel of the Temperate Zone of the western Andes
and intermountain valleys of Perú.
1851. =nigripes= (_Putorius_) Audubon and Bachman [= _Mustela
nigripes_], Quadr. N. Amer., 2:297, 1851, applies to the
black-footed ferret of North America.
1853. =agilis= (_Putorius_) Audubon and Bachman [= _Mustela
frenata noveboracensis_], Viv. Quadrupeds N. Amer., 3:184, pl.
140. This name was proposed for the female in the mistaken belief
that it was specifically distinct from the larger male for which
several names already were available. Also Tschudi in 1844 had
already used the name _Mustela agilis_ for a South American
weasel.
1864. =aureoventris= (_Mustela_) Gray [= _Mustela frenata
aureoventris_], Proc. Zoöl. Soc. London, 1864:55, pl. 8, February
9, 1864, is the name applicable to the dark-colored weasel of the
Pacific coastal region of Ecuador and Columbia.
1865. =americana= (_Mustela erminea_ Var. 3) Gray, Proc. Zoöl.
Soc. London, 1865:111. The larger individuals of American weasels
of both _Mustela erminea_ and _Mustela frenata_ from the Atlantic
Coast to as far west as Carlton House, Saskatchewan, were lumped
under this name because Gray desired more information than he then
had before recognizing as different from one another several
species proposed for America up to the time concerned. The name is
unavailable because it is preoccupied by _Mustela americana_
Turton (1806) the name for the American marten.
1865. =americana= (_Mustela vulgaris_ Var.) Gray, Proc. Zoöl. Soc.
London, 1865:113. Under this name the smaller weasels of the
northern and northeastern part of North America were lumped by
Gray but the name is preoccupied and can be ignored.
1874. =affinis= (_Mustela_) Gray [= _Mustela frenata affinis_],
Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 14 (ser. 4):375, 1874, from New Granada
[= Colombia], had the type locality restricted to Bogotá,
Colombia, by Allen in 1916, and is applied to the long-tailed
weasel of the tropical and temperate zones of the eastern Andes of
Colombia.
1874. =macrura= (_Mustela_) Taczanowski [= _Mustela frenata
macrura_], Proc. Zoöl. Soc. London, for 1874, p. 311, pl. 48, May
19, 1874, applies to the long-tailed weasel of central Perú and
northern Ecuador.
1877. =culbertsoni= (_Putorius_) Coues [= _Mustela frenata
longicauda_], Fur-bearing animals ..., p. 136, 1877, is based on
specimens from Fort Laramie, Wyoming. In the past the name has
been regarded as a _nomen nudum_ but there is some reason for
regarding it as having nomenclatural status. In either event it is
here arranged as pertaining to the long-tailed weasel of the Great
Plains which takes the prior name _longicauda_. See the account of
_longicauda_ for a more detailed account of the name
_culbertsoni_.
1877. =aequatorialis= (_Putorius_ (_Gale_) _brasiliensis_) Coues
[= _Mustela frenata aureoventris_], Fur-bearing animals ..., p.
142. Proposed "merely as a substitute for Gray's [supposedly]
preoccupied name," _aureoventris_.
1881. =stolzmanni= (_Mustela_) Taczanowski [= _Mustela africana
stolzmanni_], Proc. Zoöl. Soc. London, for 1881, p. 835, November
15, 1881, is applied to the tropical weasel of the Upper Amazon
Basin.
1881. =jelskii= (_Mustela_) Taczanowski [= _Mustela frenata
macrura_], Proc. Zoöl. Soc. London, for 1881, p. 647, May 17,
1881, was proposed for the female in the mistaken opinion that it
was specifically distinct from the larger male which the same
author previously had named _macrura_.
1891. =arizonensis= (_Putorius_) Mearns [= _Mustela frenata
arizonensis_], Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 3:234, June 5, 1891,
until 1936 was applied to long-tailed weasels of most of the
western United States west of the Great Plains but by restriction
since 1936 has been applied only to the animals in parts of
Arizona and New Mexico.
1894. =peninsulae= (_Putorius_) Rhoads [= _Mustela frenata
peninsulae_], Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1894:152, June
19, 1894, applies to the weasel of central and southern Florida.
1896. =alascensis= (_Putorius richardsonii_) Merriam [= _Mustela
erminea alascensis_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:12, June 30, 1896, with
type locality at Juneau, Alaska, has been used for the ermine of
southeastern Alaska ever since it was proposed. In 1944 separate
subspecific rank was accorded ermines on several of the islands of
southeastern Alaska which proportionately restricted the range
assigned to _alascensis_.
1896. =streatori= (_Putorius_) Merriam [= _Mustela erminea
streatori_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:13, June 30, 1896, applies to the
ermine of the Pacific Coast from Puget Sound, Washington, south
nearly to the Golden Gate of California.
1896. =arcticus= (_Putorius_) Merriam [= _Mustela erminea
arctica_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:15, June 30, 1896. Ever since it was
proposed, this name has been applied to the subspecies of ermine
of Alaska and the northern parts of Canada.
1896. =kadiacensis= ([_Putorius arcticus_]) Merriam [= _Mustela
erminea kadiacensis_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:16, June 30, 1896, is a
valid name applied to the ermine of Kodiak Island, Alaska.
1896. =washingtoni= (_Putorius_) Merriam [= _Mustela frenata
washingtoni_], N. Amer. Fauna 11:18, June 30, 1896, applies to the
long-tailed weasel of the southern Cascades of Washington and the
northern Cascades of Oregon.
1896. =saturatus= (_Putorius_) Merriam [= _Mustela frenata
saturata_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:21, June 30, 1896, was little used
until 1936 but applies to long-tailed weasel of limited region in
northern California and southern Oregon.
1896. =alleni= (_Putorius_) Merriam [= _Mustela frenata alleni_],
N. Amer. Fauna, 11:24, June 30, 1896, applies to weasel of Black
Hills region.
1896. =oregonensis= (_Putorius xanthogenys_) Merriam [= _Mustela
frenata oregonensis_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:25, June 30, 1896,
applies to long-tailed weasel of parts of western Oregon and
northern California.
1896. =goldmani= (_Putorius frenatus_) Merriam [= _Mustela frenata
goldmani_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:28, June 30, 1896, applies to the
long-tailed weasel of Chiapas, and parts of Guatemala and
Salvador.
1896. =leucoparia= (_Putorius frenatus_) Merriam [= _Mustela
frenata leucoparia_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:29, June 30, 1896,
applies to the long-tailed weasel of Michoacán and Nayarit.
1896. =tropicalis= (_Putorius_) Merriam [= _Mustela frenata
tropicalis_], N. Amer. Fauna, 11:30, June 30, 1896, applies to the
long-tailed weasel of the Tropical Life-zone of Veracruz.
1896. =spadix= (_Putorius longicaudus_) Bangs [= _Mustela frenata
spadix_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 10:8, February 25, 1896,
applies to the long-tailed weasel of Minnesota and adjoining
areas.
1896. =rixosus= (_Putorius_) Bangs [= _Mustela rixosa rixosa_],
Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 10:21, February 25, 1896, applies to
the least weasel of Saskatchewan and adjoining areas and as the
first available name for the species has been used as the specific
name for the species in America since 1896.
1897. =paraensis= (_Putorius (Mustela) braziliensis_) Goeldi [=
_Mustela africana africana_], Zool. Jahrb., abt. f. systematik,
geogr. u. biol., 10:560, pl. 21, September 15, 1897, a synonym for
the weasel of the lower Amazon area.
1898. =neomexicanus= (_Putorius frenatus_) Barber and Cockerell [=
_Mustela frenata neomexicana_], Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci.
Philadelphia, p. 188, May 3, 1898, applies to the long-tailed
weasel of New Mexico, Arizona, Durango and adjoining areas.
1898. =haidarum= (_Putorius_) Preble [= _Mustela erminea
haidarum_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12:169, August 10, 1898,
applies to the ermine of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British
Columbia.
1899. =notius= (_Putorius noveboracensis_) Bangs [= _Mustela
frenata noveboracensis_], Proc. New England Zoöl. Club, 1:53, June
9, 1899, was applied to the long-tailed weasel of the Carolinas
until 1936 since which time it has been regarded as a synonym of
_noveboracensis_.
1899. =occisor= (_Putorius_) Bangs [= _Mustela frenata occisor_],
Proc. New England Zoöl. Club, 1:54, June 9, 1899, applies to the
long-tailed weasel of central and northern Maine. Until 1936,
occisor was ordinarily used as the name of a full species but
since then has been arranged as a subspecific name under _Mustela
frenata_.
1899. =mundus= (_Putorius xanthogenys_) Bangs [= _Mustela frenata
munda_], Proc. New England Zoöl. Club, 1:56, June 9, 1899, is now
applied, and generally has been since 1899, to the long-tailed
weasel of the coastal district of California north of San
Francisco Bay.
1899. =muricus= (_Putorius (Arctogale)_) Bangs [= _Mustela erminea
muricus_], Proc. New England Zoöl. Club, 1:71, July 31, 1899,
applies to the diminutive ermine, often erroneously designated
least weasel, of the western United States.
1899. =oribasus= (_Putorius (Arctogale) longicauda_) Bangs [=
_Mustela frenata oribasus_], Proc. New England Zoöl. Club, 1:81,
December 27, 1899, applies to the long-tailed weasel of the Rocky
Mountains northward from Yellowstone National Park.
1900. =eskimo= (_Putorius rixosus_) Stone [= _Mustela rixosa
eskimo_], Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1900:44, March 24,
1900, is applied to the least weasel of Alaska and adjacent parts
of boreal North America.
1901. =allegheniensis= (_Putorius_) Rhoads [= _Mustela rixosa
allegheniensis_], Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 1900:75,
March 25, 1901, applies to the least weasel of the eastern United
States.
1902. =perdus= (_Putorius tropicalis_) Merriam [= _Mustela frenata
perda_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 15:67, March 22, 1902,
applies to the long-tailed weasel of the Lower Tropical Life-zone
from southern Veracruz into Guatemala.
1903. =microtis= (_Putorius_) Allen [= _Mustela erminea
richardsonii_], Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19:563, October 10,
1903, is a name applied to an individual ermine of small size from
Shesley, British Columbia, which Allen thought was specifically
distinct from the ermine of the Hudsonian Life-zone and adjacent
territory. Now the name is arranged as a synonym of
_richardsonii_.
1904. =audax= (_Putorius_) Barrett-Hamilton [= _Mustela erminea
arctica_], Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 13:392, May, 1904. In
the original description the type locality, Discovery Bay, was
erroneously stated to be in Greenland and the name _audax_ until
1945 was applied to the kind of weasel occurring in northern
Greenland whereas the type specimen was taken instead in northern
Ellesmere Island and because the weasel there is subspecifically
indistinguishable from ermines from farther west, _audax_ is a
synonym of _Putorius arcticus_.
1904. =imperii= (_Putorius arcticus_) Barrett-Hamilton [= _Mustela
erminea richardsonii_], Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 13:392,
May, 1904, based on an animal from Fort Simpson, Mackenzie,
Canada, proves to be inseparable from _richardsonii_ which has
priority.
1904. =polaris= (_Putorius arcticus_) Barrett-Hamilton [= _Mustela
erminea polaris_], Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 7, 13:393, May,
1904, is the name used for the ermine of eastern Greenland and
since 1945 has been used for the weasel of Greenland as a whole.
1905. =macrophonius= (_Putorius_) Elliott [= _Mustela frenata
macrophonius_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 18:235, December 9,
1905, applies to the long-tailed weasel of the mountains along the
eastern border of Veracruz.
1906. =leptus= (_Putorius streatori_) Merriam [= _Mustela erminea
murica_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 16:76, May 29, 1903, until
1945 was applied to the diminutive ermine of the Rocky Mountains
from Wyoming south to northern New Mexico but proves to be a
synonym of _muricus_ with type locality in the Sierra Nevada of
California.
1908. =angustidens= (_Putorius cicognanii_) Brown [= _Mustela
erminea angustidens_], Mem. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9(pt. 4):181,
pl. 17, is applied to an extinct subspecies known from fossil
remains of Pleistocene age from northern Arkansas.
1908. =gracilis= (_Putorius_) Brown [= _Mustela frenata
gracilis_], Mem. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9(pt. 4):182, 1908,
applies to a Pleistocene weasel known from a single skull from
northern Arkansas.
1912. =costaricensis= (_Mustela_) Goldman [= _Mustela frenata
costaricensis_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 25:9, January 23,
1912, applies to the long-tailed weasel of Costa Rica.
1913. =primulina= (_Mustela_) Jackson [= _Mustela frenata
primulina_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 26:123, May 21, 1913,
applies to the long-tailed weasel of the central part of the
United States in eastern Kansas and adjoining areas.
1913. =campestris= (_Mustela_) Jackson [= _Mustela rixosa
campestris_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 26:124, May 21, 1913,
applies to the least weasel of the Great Plains region.
1913. =olivacea= (_Mustela peninsulae_) Howell [= _Mustela frenata
olivacea_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 26:139, May 21, 1913,
applies to the long-tailed weasel of the southeastern United
States excepting most of Florida.
1914. =meridana= (_Mustela_) Hollister [= _Mustela frenata
meridana_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 27:143, July 10, 1914,
applies to the long-tailed weasel of northern South America.
1916. =nicaraguae= (_Mustela tropicalis_) Allen [= _Mustela
frenata nicaraguae_], Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 35:100, April
28, 1916, applies to the long-tailed weasel of Nicaragua.
1927. =arthuri= (_Mustela noveboracensis_) Hall [= _Mustela
frenata arthuri_], Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 40:193, December
2, 1927, applies to the long-tailed weasel of Louisiana and
adjoining areas.
1932. =semplei= (_Mustela arctica_) Sutton and Hamilton [=
_Mustela erminea semplei_], Ann. Carnegie Mus., 21(2):79, February
13, 1932, originally was applied to the ermine of Southampton
Island but after 1945 was applied also to the ermine of Baffin
Island, Melville Peninsula and the west side of Hudsons Bay as far
south as Eskimo Point.
1932. =panamensis= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 45:139, September 9, 1932, applies to the long-tailed
weasel of Panamá.
1932. =anguinae= (_Mustela cicognanii_) Hall [= _Mustela erminea
anguinae_], Univ. California Publ. Zoöl., 38:417, November 8,
1932, applies to the ermine of Vancouver Island, British Columbia.
1935. =labiata= (_Mustela arctica_) Degerbøl [= _Mustela erminea
semplei_], Rept. 5th Thule Exped., 1921-1924, vol. 2, no. 4, p.
25, 1935. When Degerbøl wrote his description and proposed this
name he was unaware that Sutton and Hamilton had three years
before based a new name on weasels from Southampton Island.
Because the two names apply to the same subspecies, Degerbøl's
name, _labiata_, must fall as a synonym of _semplei_ which has
priority.
1935. =helleri= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 48:143, August 22, 1935, applies to the long-tailed
weasel of eastern Perú.
1936. =nevadensis= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 91, November 20, 1945, applies to
the long-tailed weasel of the western United States. For many
years, animals of this subspecies were referred to _longicauda_
and from 1891 until 1936 to _arizonensis_.
1936. =effera= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 93, November 20, 1945, applies to
the long-tailed weasel of the Blue Mountains region. From 1891
until 1936 this animal was referred to under the name
_arizonensis_.
1936. =altifrontalis= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 94, November 20, 1936, applies to
the long-tailed weasel of the humid coastal district from Puget
Sound southward into Oregon.
1936. =nigriauris= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 95, November 20, 1936, applies to
the long-tailed weasel of the coastal district of California from
San Francisco Bay southward to Point Concepcion. Previous to 1936,
_xanthogenys_ was the name applied to this race of weasel.
1936. =latirostra= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 96, November 20, 1936, applies to
the long-tailed weasel of southern California which previously had
borne the name _xanthogenys_.
1936. =pulchra= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 98, November 20, 1936, is applied to
the long-tailed weasel of the southern end of the San Joaquin
Valley of California.
1936. =inyoensis= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 99, November 20, 1936, is applied to
the long-tailed weasel of Owens Valley, California.
1936. =texensis= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 99, November 20, 1936, applies to
the long-tailed weasel of central Texas which previously had been
assigned to the subspecies _frenata_.
1936. =perotae= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Carnegie Inst.
Washington, publ. no. 473, p. 100, November 20, 1936, applies to
long-tailed weasel of the mountains along the Puebla-México
boundary.
1938. =boliviensis= (_Mustela frenata_) Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 51:67, May 18, 1938, applies to the southernmost known
long-tailed weasel which is in the Lake Titicaca region in Perú
and Bolivia.
1944. =salva= (_Mustela erminea_) Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 57:35, June 28, 1944, applies to the ermine of
Admiralty Island, southeastern Alaska.
1944. =initis= (_Mustela erminea_) Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 57:37, June 28, 1944, applies to the ermine of Baranof
and Chichagof islands, southeastern Alaska.
1944. =celenda= (_Mustela erminea_) Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 57:38, June 28, 1944, applies to the ermine of Prince
of Wales, Dall and Long islands, Alaska.
1944. =seclusa= (_Mustela erminea_) Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc.
Washington, 57:39, June 28, 1944, applies to the ermine of Suemez
Island, southeastern Alaska.
1945. =invicta= (_Mustela erminea_) Hall, Jour. Mamm., 26:75,
February 27, 1945, applies to the ermine of the Rocky Mountains
for several hundred miles both north and south of the United
States-Canadian boundary.
1945. =fallenda= (_Mustela erminea_) Hall, Jour. Mamm., 26:79,
February 27, 1945, applies to the ermine of the coastal mainland
in southern British Columbia and northern Washington.
1945. =olympica= (_Mustela erminea_) Hall, Jour. Mamm., 26:81,
February 27, 1945, applies to the diminutive ermine of the Olympic
Peninsula, state of Washington.
1945. =gulosa= (_Mustela erminea_) Hall, Jour. Mamm., 26:84,
February 27, 1945, applies to the diminutive ermine of the
Cascades in Washington.