1815 Brasenose (?)_Boating

1822 Christ Church

1823 No races

1824 Exeter

1825 Christ Church

1826 Christ Church

1827 Brasenose

1828 {Balliol

{Christ Church later on

1829 Christ Church

1830 No races

1831} No records

1832}

1833 Queen's

1834 Christ Church

1835 Christ Church

1836 Christ Church

1837 Queen's

1838 Exeter

1839 Brasenose[21]

1840 Brasenose

1841 University

1842 Oriel

1843 University

1844 Christ Church

1845 Brasenose

1846 Brasenose

1847 Christ Church

1848 Christ Church

1849 Christ Church

1850 Wadham

1851 Balliol

1852 Brasenose

1853 Brasenose

1854 Brasenose

1855 Balliol

1856 Wadham

1857 Exeter

1858 Exeter

1859 Balliol

1860 Balliol

1861 Trinity

1862 Trinity

1863 Trinity

1864 Trinity

1865 Brasenose

1866 Brasenose

1867 Brasenose

1868 Corpus

1869 University

1870 University

1871 University

1872 Pembroke

1873 Balliol

1874 University

1875 University

1876 Brasenose

1877 University

1878 University

1879 Balliol

1880 Magdalen

1881 Hertford

1882 Exeter

1883 Exeter

1884 Exeter

1885 Corpus

1886 Magdalen

1887 New College

[21] O.U.B.C. founded.

_WINNERS OF THE UNIVERSITY PAIR-OARS._

1839 R. Menzies, F. W. Menzies, R. S. Fox (cox.), University.

1840 O. B. Barttelot, Corpus Christi; E. Royds, Brasenose; T. Evett

(cox.), Corpus Christi.

1841 H. E. C. Stapylton, W. Bolland, J. H. Griffiths (cox.),

University.

1842 W. Wilberforce, G. E. Hughes, G. B. Lewis (cox.), Oriel.

1843 M. Haggard, W. H. Milman, F. J. Prout (cox.), Christ Church.

1844 M. Haggard, W. H. Milman, F. J. Prout (cox.), Christ Church.

1845 M. Haggard, W. H. Milman, C. J. Fuller (cox.), Christ Church.

1846 A. Milman, E. C. Burton, H. Ingram (cox.), Christ Church.

1847 W. G. Rich, A. Milman, Christ Church.

1848 T. H. Michel, C. H. Steward, Oriel.

1849 E. M. Clissold, Exeter; J. W. Chitty, Balliol.

1850 J. C. Bengoagh, Oriel; J. W. Chitty, Balliol.

1851 R. Greenall, R. Prescot, Brasenose.

1852 W. F. Short, W. L. Rogers, New.

1853 C. Cadogan, Christ Church; W. F. Short, New.

1854 C. Cadogan, Christ Church; W. F. Short, New.

1855 A. F. Lonsdale, E. Warre, Balliol.

1856 E. Warre, A. F. Lonsdale, Balliol.

1857 P. W. Phillips, J. Arkell, Pemberton.

1858 T. B. Shaw-Hellier, Brasenose; F. Ho'comb, Wadham.

1859 B. de B. Russell, R. F. Clarke, St. John's.

1860 W. B. Woodgate, H. F. Baxter, Brasenose.

1861 W. Champneys, W. B. Woodgate, Brasenose.

1862 R. Shepherd, W. B. Woodgate, Brasenose.

1863 C. P. Roberts, M. Brown, Trinity.

1864 C. P. Roberts, M. Brown, Trinity.

1865 R. T. Raikes, Merton; M. Brown, Trinity.

1866 G. H. Swinney, G. H. Morrell, Merton.

1867 W. C. Crofts, F. Crowder, Brasenose.

1868 A. V. Jones, Exeter; W. C. Crofts, Brasenose.

1869 F. Pownall, A. V. Jones, Exeter.

1870 J. Mair, St. Alb.; C. J. Vesey, St. John's.

1871 J. W. M'C. Bunbury, Brasenose; A. G. P. Lewis, University.

1872 H. J. Preston, A. S. Daniel, University.

1873 W. Farrer, Balliol; M. Farrer, Brasenose.

1874 M. Farrer, H. Benson, Brasenose.

1875 H. J. Preston, University; Edwardes-Moss, Brasenose.

1876 H. M. Marriott, T. C. Edwardes-Moss, Brasenose.

1877 D. J. Cowles, W. L. Giles, St. John's.

1878 T. C. Edwardes-Moss, Brasenose; W. A. Ellison, University.

1879 C. R. L. Fletcher, F. P. Bulley, Magdalen.

1880 E. Staniland, Magdalen; L. R. West, Christ Church.

1881 C. Lowry, R. de Haviland, Corpus.

1882 G. C. Bourne, New; C. H. Sharpe, Hertford.

1883 A. G. Shortt, A. B. Shaw, Christ Church.

1884 W. S. Unwin, Magdalen; J. Reade, Brasenose.

1885 H. McLean, D. H. McLean, New.

1886 H. McLean, D. H. McLean, New.

1887 M. E. Bradford, F. W. Douglas, Christ Church.

_WINNERS OF THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY SCULLS,_

_Originally presented by Members of Christ Church._

1841 T. T. Peocock, Merton

1842 H. Morgan, Christ Church

1843 Sir F. E. Scott, Christ Church

1844 Sir F. E. Scott, Christ Church

1845 J. W. Conant, St. John's

1846 E. S. Moon, Magdalen

1847 E. C. Burton, Christ Church

1848 D. Wauchope, Wadham

1849 T. Erskine Clarke, Wadham

1850 T. Erskine Clarke, Wadham

1851 W. Heaven, Trinity

1852 H. M. Irving, Balliol

1853 W. F. Short, New

1854 W. F. Short, New

1855 E. Warre, Balliol

1856 E. Warre, Balliol

1857 R. W. Risley, Exeter

1858 R. W. Risley, Exeter

1859 H. F. Baxter, Brasenose

1860 T. R. Finch, Wadham

1861 W. B. Woodgate, Brasenose

1862 W. B. Woodgate, Brasenose

1863 J. E. Parker, University

1864 E. B. Michell, Magdalen

1865 J. Rickaby, Brasenose

1866 W. L. Freeman, Merton

1867 W. C. Crofts, Brasenose

1868 W. C. Crofts, Brasenose

1869 A. C. Yarborough, Lincoln

1870 A. C. Yarborough, Lincoln

1871 J. W. McC. Bunbury, Brasenose

1872 C. C. Knollys, Magdalen

1873 J. B. Little, Christ Church

1874 A. Michell, Oriel

1875 L. C. Cholmeley, Magdalen

1876 D. J. Cowles, St. John's

1877 T. C. Edwardes-Moss, Brasenose

1878 J. Lowndes, Hertford

1879 J. Lowndes, Hertford

1880 H. S. Chesshire, Worcester

1881 H. S. Chesshire, Worcester

1882 G. Q. Roberts, Hertford

1883 A. E. Staniland, Magdalen

1884 W. S. Unwin, Magdalen

1885 W. S. Unwin, Magdalen

1886 F. O. Wethered, Christ Church

1887 G. Nicholls, Magdalen

_WINNERS OF THE UNIVERSITY FOUR-OARS._

1840 Brasenose

1841 University

1842 University

1843 Oriel

1844 University

1845 Christ Church

1846 Christ Church

1847 Christ Church

1848 Oriel

1849 Brasenose

1850 Brasenose

1851 Christ Church

1852 Trinity

1853 Trinity

1854 Exeter

1855 Exeter

1856 Balliol

1857 Pembroke

1858 Balliol

1859 University

1860 Brasenose

1861 Trinity

1862 University

1863 Trinity

1864 University

1865 University

1866 University

1867 University

1868 University

1869 Balliol

1870 Balliol

1871 Christ Church

1872 Balliol

1873 University

1874 Brasenose

1875 University

1876 Brasenose

1877 Brasenose

1878 Magdalen

1879 Hertford

1880 Magdalen

1881 Hertford

1882 Hertford

1883 Corpus

1884 Magdalen

1885 Magdalen

1886 Magdalen

1887 Brasenose

C.U.B.C.: COLLEGE AND CLUB RACES.

_CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY BOAT CLUB: HEAD OF THE RIVER._

1827 Trinity

1828 St. John's

1829 St. John's

1830 {Lent, St. John's

{May, Trinity

1831 {Lent, St. John's

{May, First Trinity

1832 First Trinity

1833 {Lent, First Trinity

{May, Christ's

1834 {Lent, First Trinity

{May, Third Trinity

1835 {Lent, Third Trinity

{May, Second Trinity

1836 {Lent, First Trinity

{May, Corpus

1837 Lady Margaret

1838 Lady Margaret

1839 First Trinity

1840 Caius

1841 Caius

1842 Peterhouse

1843 First Trinity

1844 Caius

1845 First Trinity

1846 First Trinity

1847 First Trinity

1848 Third Trinity

1849 {Lent, Third Trinity

{May, Second Trinity

1850 First Trinity

1851 {Lent, Lady Margaret

{May, First Trinity

1852 First Trinity

1853 First Trinity

1854 {Lent, First Trinity

{May, Lady Margaret

1855 Lady Margaret

1856 Lady Margaret

1857 Lady Margaret

1858 {Lent, Lady Margaret

{May, First Trinity

1859 {Lent, Trinity Hall

{May, Third Trinity

1860 First Trinity

1861 First Trinity

1862 Trinity Hall

1863 Third Trinity

1864 Trinity Hall

1865 Third Trinity

1866 First Trinity

1867 First Trinity

1868 First Trinity

1869 First Trinity

1870 First Trinity

1871 First Trinity

1872 Lady Margaret

1873 First Trinity

1874 First Trinity

1875 Jesus

1876 Jesus

1877 Jesus

1878 Jesus

1879 Jesus

1880 Jesus

1881 Jesus

1882 Jesus

1883 Jesus

1884 Jesus

1885 Jesus

1886 Trinity Hall

1887 Trinity Hall

_WINNERS OF THE UNIVERSITY PAIR-OARS._

1844 T. W. Brooks and W. P. Cloves, First Trinity.

1845 S. Vincent and E. P. Wolstenholme, First Trinity.

1846 T. M. Hoare and T. M. Gisborne, St. John's.

1847 S. Vincent and W. Maule, First Trinity.

1848 A. B. Dickson and W. L. G. Bagshawe, Third Trinity.

1849 A. Baldry, First Trinity, and W. L. G. Bagshawe, Third Trinity.

1850 J. B. Cane and C. Hudson, St. John's.

1851 E. Macnaghten, First Trinity, and F. W. Johnson, Third Trinity.

1852 W. S. Langmore and E. Hawley, Sidney.

1853 R. Gordon and J. G. Barlee, Christ's.

1854 R. C. Galton, First Trinity, and H. Blake, Corpus.

1855 H. Blake, Corpus, and J. Wright, St. John's.

1856 R. Gordon and P. H. Wormald, Christ's.

1857 R. E. Thompson and N. Royds, First Trinity.

1858 R. Beaumont and F. W. Holland, Third Trinity.

1859 D. Ingles, First Trinity, and J. P. Ingham, Third Trinity.

1860 R. P. Fitzgerald, Trinity Hall, and J. P. Ingham, Third Trinity.

1861 A. D. A. Burney and A. M. Channell, First Trinity.

1862 J. G. Chambers, Third Trinity, and R. Neave, Trinity Hall.

1863 R. A. Kinglake and J. R. Selwyn, Third Trinity.

1864 R. A. Kinglake and W. R. Griffiths, Third Trinity.

1865 J. R. Selwyn and W. R. Griffiths, Third Trinity.

1866 W. R. Griffiths, Third Trinity, and J. U. Bourke, First Trinity.

1867 E. Hopkinson and H. Herbert, Christ's.

1868 C. Pitt-Taylor and J. Blake-Humphrey, Third Trinity.

1869 L. P. Muirhead and E. Phelps, Sidney.

1870 John B. Close and G. L. Rives, First Trinity.

1871 James B. Close and John B. Close, First Trinity.

1872 H. E. Rhodes and E. Hoskyns, Jesus.

1873 P. J. Hibbert and E. Sawyer, Lady Margaret.

1874 G. F. Armytage and C. D. Shafto, Jesus.

1875 W. B. Close and G. C. Dicker, First Trinity.

1876 T. E. Hockin and C. Gurdon, Jesus.

1877 J. G. Pinder and C. O. L. Riley, Caius.

1878 A. H. Prior and H. Sanford, Lady Margaret.

1879 J. A. Watson-Taylor, Magdalene, and T. E. Hockin, Jesus.

1880 L. R. Jones and E. Priest, Jesus.

1881 J. F. Keiser and S. P. Smith, First Trinity.

1882 W. K. Hardacre and F. C. Meyrick, Trinity Hall.

1883 C. J. Bristowe and F. C. Meyrick, Trinity Hall.

1884 P. S. Propert and S. Swann, Trinity Hall.

1885 R. H. Coke and S. Swann, Trinity Hall.

1886 S. D. Muttlebury and C. Barclay, Third Trinity.

1887 S. D. Muttlebury and C. T. Barclay, Third Trinity.

_WINNERS OF THE UNIVERSITY FOUR-OARS._

1849 First Trinity

1850 Lady Margaret

1851 Third Trinity

1852 First Trinity

1853 Lady Margaret

1854 Third Trinity

1855 Trinity Hall

1856 Lady Margaret

1857 Magdalene

1858 Third Trinity

1859 Third Trinity

1860 First Trinity

1861 First Trinity and Trinity Hall rowed a dead-heat.

1862 Third Trinity

1863 Lady Margaret

1864 Lady Margaret

1865 Third Trinity

1866 First Trinity

1867 Emmanuel

1868 Sidney

1869 Sidney

1870 First Trinity

1871 First Trinity

1872 First Trinity

1873 Jesus

1874 First Trinity and Jesus rowed a dead-heat.

1875 Jesus

1876 Jesus

1877 Jesus

1878 Lady Margaret

1879 Lady Margaret

1880 Jesus

1881 Jesus

1882 Third Trinity

1883 Third Trinity

1884 Third Trinity

1885 Third Trinity

1886 Trinity Hall

1887 Trinity Hall

_WINNERS OF THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY SCULLS._

(COLQUHOUN CHALLENGE SCULLS).

_Presented in 1837 by P. Colquhoun, Esq., to the lady Margaret Boat

Club, and by that Club in 1842 to the competition of the C.U.B.C._

1837 Berney, Lady Margaret

1838 Antrobus, Lady Margaret

1839 Vincent, Lady Margaret

1840 Shadwell, Lady Margaret

1841 Shadwell (no challenger)

1842 Denman, First Trinity

1843 Thompson, Peterhouse

1844 Miles, Third Trinity

1845 Cloves, First Trinity

1846 Maule, First Trinity

1847 Bagshawe, Third Trinity

1848 Bagot, Second Trinity

1849 Miller, Third Trinity

1850 Cowle and Hudson[22]

1851 Macnaghten, First Trinity

1852 Courage, First Trinity

1853 Galton, First Trinity

1854 Wright, Lady Margaret

1855 Salter, Trinity Hall

1856 Beaumont, Third Trinity

1857 Busk, First Trinity

1858 Ingles, First Trinity

1859 Faley, Lady Margaret

1860 Channell, First Trinity

1861 J. C. Hawkshaw, Third Trinity

1862 C. B. Lawes, Third Trinity

1863 J. G. Chambers, Third Trin.

1864 G. D. Redpath, First Trinity

1865 H. Watney, Lady Margaret

1866 G. Shann, First Trinity

1867 G. H. Wright, First Trinity

1868 E. Phelps, Sidney, and F. E. Marshall, First Trinity

1869 No race; postponed to 1870

1870 J. B. Close, First Trinity

1870 J. H. D. Goldie, Lady Mar.

1871 C. W. Benson, Third Trinity

1872 James B. Close, First Trinity

1873 A. C. Dicker, Lady Margaret

1874 W. B. Close, First Trinity

1875 S. A. Saunders, Second Trinity

1876 J. C. Fenn, First Trinity

1877 T. W. Barker, First Trinity

1878 H. Sandford, Lady Margaret

1879 Prior, Lady Margaret

1880 J. Keiser, First Trinity

1881 J. C. Fellowes, First Trinity

1882 F. W. Fox, First Trinity

1883 S. Swann, Trinity Hall

1884 F. J. Pitman, Third Trinity

1885 J. M. Cowper-Smith, First Trinity

1886 J. C. Gardner, Emmanuel

1887 C. B. P. Bell, Trinity Hall

[22] Dead heat and division.

PROFESSIONAL WINNERS OF REGATTAS AND CHAMPIONSHIPS.

_WINNERS OF THE AQUATIC CHAMPIONSHIP._

+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------+-----+

+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------+-----+

| | | | |m. s.|

| 1876, |{ A match was made between Trickett and | |

| |{ Lumsden, but the latter forfeited. | |

| | { A match was made between Sadler and | |

| 1876, June 29 | { Higgins for the Championship, subject to | |

| | { the former beating Trickett, but after | |

| | { being defeated Sadler forfeited. | |

| |{ Trickett beat Michael Rush for the | |

| 1877, June 30 |{ Championship of the World, on the Parmatta| |

| |{ River, New South Wales. | |

| |{ _d_ W. Elliott beat R. W. Boyd in final }| |

| 1878, Sept. 17|{ heat of race for the 'Sportsman's' }|24 20|

| |{ Challenge Cup, Putney to Mortlake. }| |

| | | |Riv., N.S.W.| -1/4|

+-----------------+---------------+---------------+------------+-----+

(_a_) This was virtually a row over for Kelley, and no time was taken.

(_b_) Won on a foul.

(_c_) The first occasion of the Championship being taken from England.

(_d_) Boyd passed the post first, but the race was awarded to Elliott

on the foul.

[Illustration: CAMBRIDGE COURSE

_London: Longmans & Co._

E. Weller]

THAMES NATIONAL REGATTA

FOR WATERMEN.

_CHAMPION FOURS (Winners)._

1854 _Elswick Crew._--Winship, Cook, Davidson, Bruce, Oliver (cox.)

1855 _Shakspeare Crew._--Wood, Carrol, Ault, Taylor, Malony (cox.)

1856 _North and South Crew._--H. Clasper, W. Pocock, R. Chambers,

T. Mackinney, G. Driver (cox.)

1857 _Newcastle Crew._--J. H. Clasper, A. Maddeson, R. Chambers,

H. Clasper, Short (cox.)

1858 _Pride of the Thames Crew._--G. Francis, S. Salter, T. White,

G. Hammerton, J. Driver (cox.)

1859 _Newcastle Crew._--J. H. Clasper, R. Chambers, E. Winship,

H. Clasper, R. Clasper (cox.)

1860 _London Crew._--T. Pocock, J. Wise, T. White, H. Kelley,

W. Peters (cox.)

1861 _Kilmorey Crew._--G. Hammerton, J. W. Tagg, E. Winship, R.

Chambers, R. Clasper (cox.)

1862 _Newcastle Crew._--J. H. Clasper, R. Chambers, E. Winship, H.

Clasper, R. Clasper (cox.)

1863 _Thames Crew._--H. Harris, T. G. Tagg, J. W. Tagg, G. Hammerton,

R. W. Hanna (cox.)

1864 _Pride of the Thames Crew._--T. Hoare, H. Kelley, J. W. Tagg,

G. Hammerton, R. Hammerton (cox.)

1865 _Sons of the Thames Crew._--F. Kilsby, R. Cook, G. Cannon, J.

Sadler, S. Peters (cox.)

1866 _Pride of the Thames Crew._--T. Hoare, J. Pedgrift, J. Sadler,

G. Hammerton, J. Hill (cox.)

_SCULLS._

1854 H. Kelley, Fulham

1855 R. Chambers, Newcastle

1856 H. Kelley, Fulham

1857 R. Chambers, Newcastle

1858 R. Chambers, Newcastle

1859 J. Wise, Kew

1860 G. Hammerton, Teddington

1861 H. Kelley, Fulham

1862 R. Cooper, Redheugh

1863 R. A. W. Green, Australia

1864 H. Kelley, Putney

1865 R. Chambers, Newcastle

1866 R. Cooper, Redheugh

_PAIR-OARS (Winners)._

1854 Pocock and Clasper

1855 Winship and Bruce, Elswick

1856 Winship and Bruce

1857 Hammerton and Francis, Teddington

1858 Hammerton and Francis

1860 Winship and Chambers, Newcastle

1861 Winship and Chambers

1862 Winship and Chambers

1863 Green and Kelley, Australia and Putney

1864 Kilsby and Cook, London and Oxford

1865 Kilsby and Cook, London and Oxford

1866 G. Hammerton and J. Sadler, Surbiton

_APPRENTICES' SCULLS: COAT AND BADGE (Winners)._

1856 G. Hammerton, Teddington

1857 S. Salter, Wandsworth

1858 E. Bell, Richmond

1859 W. Hemmings, Richmond

1860 E. Eagers, Chelsea

1861 T. Hoare, Hammersmith

1862 J. W. Tagg, Moulsey

1863 R. Cook, Oxford

1864 T. Wise, Hammersmith

1865 J. Callas, Richmond

1866 W. Sadler, Putney

THAMES NATIONAL REGATTA (_Second Series_).

_FOURS._

1868 _Newcastle Crew._--J. Taylor, M. Scott, A. Thompson, R. Chambers

(Wallsend) (stroke), T. French (cox.)

1869 _Surbiton Crew._--J. Sadler, J. Pedgrift, W. Messenger, G.

Hammerton (stroke), R. Hammerton (cox.)

1870 _Newcastle Crew._--R. Hepplewhite, J. Percy, J. Bright, R.

Chambers (stroke), F. M'Lean (cox.)

1871 _Glasgow Crew._--J. Moody, T. Smillie, J. Calderhead, W.

Calderhead (stroke), J. M. Green (cox.)

1872 _Hammersmith Crew._--H. Thomas, T. Green, J. Anderson, W.

Biffen, jun. (stroke), G. Martin (cox.)

1873 _Hammersmith Crew._--T. Green, H. Thomas, J. Anderson, W.

Biffen (stroke), H. Goldsmith (cox.)

1874 _Hammersmith Crew._--T. Green, H. Thomas, J. Anderson, W.

Biffen (stroke), G. Holder (cox.)

1875 _Newcastle Crew._--R. Hepplewhite, W. Nicholson, R. Bagnall, R.

W. Boyd (stroke), J. Cox (cox.)

1876 _Thames Crew._--W. F. Spencer, H. Thomas, J. Higgins, T. Green

(stroke), J. Holder (cox.)

_PAIRS._

1868 J. Taylor and M. Scott, Newcastle

1869 J. Taylor and T. Winship, Newcastle

1870 G. Carr and T. Matfin, Newcastle

1871 W. Biffen, jun. and G. Hammerton

1872 J. Taylor and T. Winship, Newcastle

1873 R. Bagnall and J. Taylor, Newcastle

1874 W. Biffen and H. Thomas

1875 R. Bagnall and R. W. Boyd, Newcastle

1876 T. Green and H. Thomas, Thames

_SCULLS._

1868 J. Renforth, Newcastle

1869 J. Renforth, Newcastle

1870 J. H. Sadler, Surbiton

1871 _a_ J. Anderson, Hammersmith

1872 _b_ J. Anderson, Hammersmith

1873 _b_ A. Hogarth, Sunderland

1874 _b_ R. W. Boyd, Newcastle

1875 _b_ T. Blackman, London

1876 T. Blackman, Dulwich

(_a_) Limited to men who have never sculled for a stake of 50_l._

(_b_) For men who have never sculled for a stake of 100_l._

_APPRENTICES' SCULLS: COAT AND BADGE._

1868 W. Biffen, Jun., Hammersmith

1869 J. Griffiths, Wandsworth

1870 W. Messenger, Teddington

1871 T. Green, Hammersmith

1872 H. Messum, Richmond

1873 J. Phillips, Putney

1874 W. Phillips, Putney

1875 J. Tarryer, Rotherhithe

1876 H. Clasper, Oxford

THAMES INTERNATIONAL REGATTA.

_CHAMPION SCULLS._

1876 R. W. Boyd,

1877 T. Blackman,

1878 W. Elliott.

_CHAMPION FOURS._

1876 _a_ Tyne crew,

1877 Thames crew,

1878 Tyne crew.

(_a_) After a foul, the Tyne men won on the second day.

_CHAMPION PAIRS._

1876 R. W. Boyd and W. Lumsden.

1877 J. Higgins and H. Thomas.

1878 R. W. Boyd and W. Lumsden.

ROYAL THAMES REGATTA,

_Established 1843_.

_WATERMEN'S PRIZES._

1843 No race for professionals.

1844 FOURS.--_London four_, T. Coombes, Phelps, Newell, and R.

Coombes beat H. Clasper's crew for 100_l._ prize.

SCULLS.--H. Clasper won in the first 'outrigged' sculling boat.

1845 FOURS.--H. Clasper, R. Clasper, W. Clasper, and Hawtor beat

Coombes's four.

1846 FOURS.--T. Coombes, Newell, Phelps, and R. Coombes won.

1847 No race.

1848 Clasper's crew won (Coombes in the boat).

1849 Clasper's crew won fours. (This was the last year of the

regatta.)

BRITISH REGATTA IN PARIS, 1867

(EXHIBITION YEAR).

_CHAMPION FOURS._

1867 _Albion Crew, Newcastle._--J. Taylor, M. Scott, A. Thompson,

R. Chambers (St. Anthony's) (st.), T. Richardson (cox.)

_PAIR-OARS._

R. Cook and H. Kelley, Oxford and London.

_SCULLS._

H. Kelley, Putney.

WORLD'S REGATTA ON THE THAMES.

1880 On November 18 a sculling regatta organised by an American firm,

'The Hop Bitters' Co., was commenced on the Thames. It

lasted three days, and prizes amounting to 1,000_l._ were given

and won as under:--

1. Elias C. Laycock, Sydney, N.S.W. L500

2. Wallace Ross, St. John's, New Brunswick 300

3. George Hosmer, Boston, U.S.A. 140

4. Warren Smith, Halifax, Nova Scotia 60

WINNERS OF DOGGETT'S COAT AND BADGE.

1791 T. Easton, Old Swan

1792 J. Kettleby, Westminster

1793 A. Haley, Horselydown

1794 J. Franklin, Putney

1795 W. Parry, Hungerford

1796 J. Thompson, Wapping Old Stairs

1797 J. Hill, Bankside

1798 T. Williams, Ratcliff Cross

1799 J. Dixon, Paddington Street

1800 J. Burgoyne, Blackfriars

1801 J. Curtis, Queenhithe

1802 W. Burns, Limehouse

1803 J. Fowler, Hungerford

1804 C. Gingle, Temple

1805 T. Johnson, Vauxhall

1806 J. Godwin, Ratcliff Cross

1807 J. Evans, Mill Stairs

1808 G. Newell, Battle Bridge

1809 F. Jury, Hermitage

1810 J. Smart, Strand

1811 W. Thornton, Hungerford

1812 R. May, Westminster

1813 R. Farson, Bankside

1814 R. Harris, Bankside

1815 J. Scott, Bankside

1816 T. Senham, Blackfriars

1817 J. Robson, Wapping Old Stairs

1818 W. Nicholls, Greenwich

1819 W. Emery, Hungerford

1820 J. Hartley, Strand

1821 T. Cole, sen., Chelsea

1822 W. Noulton, Lambeth

1823 G. Butcher, Hungerford

1824 G. Fogo, Battle Bridge

1825 G. Staples, Battle Bridge

1826 J. Foett, Bankside

1827 J. Foss, Fountain Stair

1828 R. Mallett, Lambeth

1829 S. Stubbs, Old Barge House

1830 W. Butler, Vauxhall

1831 R. Oliver, Deptford

1832 R. Waight, Bankside

1833 G. Maynard, Lambeth

1834 W. Tomlinson, Whitehall

1835 W. Dyson, Kidney Stairs

1836 J. Morris, Horselydown

1837 T. Harrison, Bankside

1838 S. Bridge, Kidney Stairs

1839 T. Goodrum, Vauxhall Stairs

1840 W. Hawkins, Kidney Stairs

1841 R. Moore, Surrey Canal

1842 J. Liddey, Wandsworth

1843 J. Fry, Kidney Stairs

1844 F. Lett, Lambeth

1845 J. Cobb, Greenwich

1846 J. Wing, Pimlico

1847 W. Ellis, Westminster

1848 J. Ash, Rotherhithe

1849 T. Cole, jun., Chelsea

1850 W. Campbell, Winchester

1851 G. Wigget, Somer's Quay

1852 C. Constable, Lambeth

1853 J. Finnis, Tower

1854 D. Hemmings, Bankside

1855 H. White, Mill Stairs

1856 G. W. Everson, Greenwich

1857 T. White, Mill Stairs

1858 C. J. Turner, Rotherhithe

1859 C. Farrow, jun., Mill Stairs

1860 H. J. M. Phelps, Fulham

1861 S. Short, Bermondsey

1862 J. Messenger, Cherry Garden Stairs

1863 T. Young, Rotherhithe

1864 D. Coombes, Horselydown

1865 J. W. Wood, Mill Stairs

1866 A. Iles, Kew

1867 H. M. Maxwell, Custom House

1868 A. Egalton, Blackwall

1869 G. Wright, Bermondsey

1870 R. Harding, Blackwall

1871 T. J. Mackinney, Richmond

1872 T. G. Green, Hammersmith

1873 H. Messum, Richmond

1874 R. W. Burwood, Wapping

1875 W. Phelps, Putney

1876 C. T. Bullman, Shadwell Dock

1877 J. Tarryer, Rotherhithe

1878 T. E. Taylor, Hermitage Stairs

1879 Henry Cordery, Putney

1880 W. G. Cobb, Putney

1881 G. Claridge, Richmond

1882 H. A. Audsley, Waterloo

1883 J. Lloyd, Chelsea

1884 C. Phelps, Putney

1885 J. Mackinney, Richmond

1886 H. Cole, Deptford

1887 W. G. East

RIVERS AND COURSES.

_RIVER LEA._

Distance from

/---------^---------\

LIMEHOUSE HERTFORD

m. f. m. f.

Hertford 27 7 0 0

Hertford Lock 27 2 0 5

Ware Lock 25 7 2 0

Ware 25 2 2 5

Hard Mead Lock 24 3 3 4

Amwell Lock 23 4 4 3

Stanstead Lock 22 7 5 0

Rye House, Hoddesdon 21 4 6 3

Feildes Weir Lock 21 2 6 5

Dobbs's Weir Lock 20 3 7 4

Carthagena Lock 19 6 8 1

Broxbourne Lock 19 1 8 6

Aqueduct Lock 17 5 10 2

Cheshunt Mill 16 7 11 1

Waltham Common Lock 15 7 12 0

Waltham Abbey Lock 14 7 13 0

Romney Marsh Lock 14 3 13 4

Enfield Lock 13 1 14 6

Ponder's End Lock 11 2 16 5

Pickett's Lock 10 2 17 5

Edmonton Lock 9 2 18 5

Stone Bridge Lock 8 2 19 5

Tottenham Lock 7 3 20 4

Tottenham Railway Bridge. 6 7 21 0

Lea Bridge. 5 0 22 7

Homerton Lock 4 2 23 5

Duckett's Canal Junction 3 1 24 6

Old Ford Lock 2 6 25 1

Bow Railway Bridge 2 3 25 4

Bow Bridge 2 1 25 6

Bromley Lock 1 4 26 3

Britannia Lock 0 1 27 6

Limehouse Cut Entrance 0 0 27 7

_LENGTH OF RACING COURSES._

Barnes Regatta Course 1-1/2 mile

Barrow, Walney Channel 2 miles 600 yards

Bedford Regatta 3/4 mile

Blyth, Flanker to Cowper Gut 2 miles

Bristol, from Hotwells to Bristol 1-1/2 mile

Boston, River Witham 2-1/2 miles

Cambridge 1-1/2 mile

Chester 1-1/4 mile

Clydesdale 1-1/2 mile

Cork 2 miles

Derby 1 mile

Dublin 2-1/4 miles

Durham 1 mile 300 yards

Ely, Littleport to Adelaide Bridge 2-1/2 miles

Exeter 2-1/2 miles

Halton Water 1-3/4 mile

Henley-on-Thames 1 mile 2-1/2 furlongs

Huntington 1-3/4 mile

" for time races 3 miles

Hollingworth Lake 3 miles

Hereford 1 mile 536 yards

Ipswich 1 mile 700 yards

King's Lynn, Champion Course 2 miles

" Prince of Wales's Course 1-1/4 mile

Kingston-on-Thames, Seething Wells to Kingston

Bridge 1-1/4 mile

Lincoln, sculling and pair-oared 3/4 mile

" four-oared 1-1/2 miles

London Bridge to Old Swan, Chelsea 4 miles 3 furlongs

Manchester 2 miles

Moulsey (down stream) 1-1/4 mile

Newark, Devonmouth to Magnus Boathouse 1 mile

Oxford, Iffley to the Barges 1-1/8 mile

" Abingdon Lasher to Nuneham Cottage 1-1/2 mile

Putney to Barnes Bridge 3 miles 6 furlongs

" to Chiswick 2 miles 4 furlongs

" to Hammersmith 1 mile 6 furlongs

" to Mortlake 4 miles 3 furlongs

Richmond, Sion House to Richmond Bridge 1 mile 7 furlongs

" Cross Deep, Twickenham, to Richmond

Railway Bridge 1 mile 5 furlongs

Stockton-on-Tees, Portrack Course 4 miles

" " " above bridges 1-1/2 mile

Stourport 1-1/4 mile

Sunderland, North Hylton to Spa Well 1 mile

Tyne, High Level Bridge to Waterson's Gates 1 mile

" " " Meadow's House 1-3/4 mile

" " " Armstrong's Crane 2 miles

" " " West Point of

Paradise Quay 2-1/2 miles

" " " Scotswood Suspension

Bridge 3 miles 713 yards

" " " Lemington Point 4-1/2 miles

Tewkesbury 2 miles

Walton-on-Thames (up stream) 1 mile

Warwick 1-1/2 mile

Worcester 1 mile

_DISTANCES OF WEIRS ETC. OXFORD TO LECHLADE._

Distance from

/--------^-------\

OXFORD LECHLADE

BRIDGE BRIDGE

m. f. m. f.

Oxford Bridge 0 0 36 0

Godstow Lock 3 3 33 0

King's Weir 4 4 31 4

Ensham Bridge 7 5 28 3

Pinkhill Lock 10 0 26 0

Skinner's Weir 11 0 25 0

Badlock Ferry 12 4 23 4

Ridge's Weir 16 0 20 0

Newbridge 17 2 18 6

Shifford Weir 19 0 17 0

Dexford Weir 20 0 16 0

Tenfoot Weir Bridge 22 0 14 0

Kent or Tadpole Bridge 23 5 12 3

Bushey Weir 24 5 11 3

Old Nan's Weir 26 1 9 7

Old Man's or Harper's Weir 26 7 9 1

Radcot Bridge 28 3 7 5

Eaton or Hart's Upper Weir 31 3 4 5

Buscot Lock 33 3 2 5

St. John's Bridge 35 2 0 6

Lechlade Bridge 36 0 0 0

_TABLES OF DISTANCES OF LOCKS ETC. ON THE THAMES._

Distance from

/----------^---------\

OXFORD FOLLY LONDON

BRIDGE BRIDGE

m. f. m. f.

Oxford Folly Bridge (stone) and Lock 0 0 110 1-1/4

Iffley Lock 1 1 109 0-1/4

Rose Island 1 7-1/2 108 1-3/4

Sandford Lock 2 5-3/4 107 3-1/2

Abingdon Lock 7 0-1/4 103 1

Abingdon Bridge (stone) 7 3 102 5-1/2

Culham Lock 9 5-1/4 100 4

Clifton Lock 12 2-3/4 97 6

Clifton Hampden Bridge (brick) 12 6-3/4 97 2-1/2

Day's Lock 15 3-1/4 94 6-1/2

Shillingford Bridge (stone) 17 7-1/2 92 1

Benson Lock 19 0-1/4 91 1

Wallingford Bridge (stone) 20 2-3/4 89 6-1/2

Wallingford Lock 20 6-3/4 81 7

Little Stocke Ferry 23 0-3/4 87 0-1/2

Moulsford Ferry 24 3-1/2 85 5-3/4

Cleeve Lock 25 5-1/2 84 3-3/4

Goring Lock 26 3 83 6-1/4

Basildon Railway Bridge 27 5 82 4-1/4

Whitchurch Lock 30 3 79 6-1/4

Pangbourne Bridge 30 4-1/2 79 4-3/4

Maple Durham Lock 32 5-1/2 77 3-3/4

Caversham Bridge (iron) 36 0-3/4 74 0-1/2

Caversham Lock 36 6 73 3-1/4

Sonning Lock 39 3 70 6-1/4

Sonning Bridge (brick) 39 5-1/4 70 4

Shiplake Lock 42 0-1/4 68 1

Wargrave Railway Bridge 42 2-1/2 67 7-3/4

Wargrave Ferry 42 4-1/2 67 4-3/4

Marsh Lock 44 5 65 4-1/4

Henley Bridge (stone) 45 4 64 5-1/2

Regatta Island (from this to Henley Bridge is

the usual Regatta course) 46 7-1/2 63 1-3/4

Hambledon Lock 47 6-1/2 62 2-3/4

Medmenham Abbey and Ferry 49 6-1/2 60 2-3/4

Hurley Lock 51 2 58 7-1/4

Temple Lock 51 7-1/2 58 1-3/4

Marlow Suspension Bridge (iron) 53 3-1/2 56 5-3/4

Marlow Lock 53 5 56 4-1/4

Cookham Railway Bridge (wooden) 56 0-1/4 54 1

Cookham Bridge (iron) 57 2 52 7-1/4

Cookham Lock 57 5 52 4-1/4

Boulter's Lock 60 0-3/4 50 0-1/2

Maidenhead Bridge (stone) 60 6-1/2 49 2-3/4

Maidenhead Railway Bridge (brick) 60 0-1/4 49 1

Bray 61 6-1/2 48 2-3/4

Bray Lock 62 0-1/2 48 0-3/4

Monkey Island 62 0-1/4 47 3

Queen's Island 63 2-1/4 46 7

Boveney Lock 64 7-1/2 45 1-3/4

Windsor Railway Bridge (iron) 66 6-1/4 43 3

Windsor Bridge (iron) 67 1-1/4 43 0

Windsor Lock 67 4-3/4 42 4-1/2

South-Western Railway Bridge (iron) 67 7 42 2-1/4

Victoria Bridge (iron) 68 3 41 6-1/4

Datchet 68 7-1/2 41 1-3/4

Albert Bridge (iron) 69 6 40 3-1/4

Old Windsor Lock 70 4-1/2 39 4-3/4

Magna Charta Island 71 7-1/2 38 1-3/4

Bell Weir Lock 73 3-3/4 36 5-1/2

Staines Bridge (stone) 74 3-1/2 35 5-3/4

Staines Railway Bridge (iron) 74 6-1/4 35 3

Penton Hook Lock 76 1-1/2 33 7-3/4

Laleham Ferry 76 7-1/4 33 2

Chertsey Lock 77 7-3/4 32 1-1/2

Chertsey Bridge (stone) 78 0-3/4 32 0-1/2

Shepperton Lock 79 6 30 3-1/4

Shepperton 80 4 29 5-1/4

Halliford 81 0-3/4 29 0-1/2

Walton Bridge (iron) 81 7-1/2 28 1-3/4

Sunbury Lock 83 4-3/4 26 4-1/2

Hampton Ferry 85 5-3/4 24 3-1/2

Moulsey Lock 86 4-3/4 23 4-1/2

Hampton Court Bridge (iron) 86 5-3/4 23 3-1/2

Thames Ditton Ferry 87 4-3/4 22 4-1/2

Messenger's Island 88 5-3/4 21 3-1/2

Kingston Bridge (stone) 89 5-1/4 20 4

Kingston Railway Bridge (iron) 89 6-1/4 20 3

Teddington Lock 91 2-1/4 18 7

Twickenham Ferry 92 5-1/2 17 3-3/4

Richmond Bridge (stone) 94 0-1/4 16 0-3/4

Richmond Railway Bridge (iron) 94 3-1/2 15 5-3/4

Isleworth (Railhead) Ferry 94 7-1/2 15 1-3/4

Isleworth 95 2-1/2 14 6-3/4

Brentford Ferry 96 4-1/2 13 4-3/4

Kew Bridge (stone) 97 1 13 0-1/4

Strand-on-the-Green Railway Bridge (iron)

about 97 5 12 4-1/4

Barnes Railway Bridge (iron) 99 0-3/4 11 0-1/2

Hammersmith South Bridge (iron) 100 7-3/4 9 1-1/2

Putney Bridge (wooden) 102 5-3/4 7 3-1/2

Battersea Railway Bridge 104 4-1/4 5 5

Battersea Bridge (wooden) 105 1-1/4 5 0

Chelsea Suspension Bridge (iron) 106 1-1/4 4 0

Vauxhall Bridge (iron) 107 1-1/2 2 7-3/4

Lambeth Suspension Bridge (iron) 107 6 2 3-1/4

Westminster Bridge (iron) 108 1-1/2 1 7-3/4

Charing Cross Railway Bridge (iron) 108 4-1/2 1 4-3/4

Waterloo Bridge (stone) 108 6-1/2 1 2-3/4

Blackfriars Bridge (iron) 109 3 0 6-1/4

Southwark Bridge (iron) 109 6-3/4 0 2-1/2

Cannon Street Railway Bridge (iron) 110 0 0 1-1/4

London Bridge (stone) 110 1-1/4 0 0

_ON THE RIVER MEDWAY._

Distance from

/---------^---------\

SHEERNESS TONBRIDGE

m. f. m. f.

Tonbridge 46 4 0 0

Tonbridge Lock 46 2 0 2

Giles's Lock 45 5 0 7

Eldridge's Lock 44 4 2 0

Porter's Lock 43 5 2 7

East Lock 42 0 4 4

Nook Weare Lock 41 3 5 1

New Lock 40 4 6 0

Sluice Weare Lock 40 0 6 4

Brandbridge's Lock 39 3 7 1

South-Eastern Railway Bridge 39 0 7 4

Stoneham Lock 38 6 7 6

Yalding Village 37 6 8 6

Hampstead Lock 37 3 9 1

Wateringbury Bridge 35 4 11 0

Yeston Lock 34 2 12 2

Yeston Bridge 34 1 12 3

East Farleigh Lock 32 0 14 0

East Farleigh Bridge 32 0 14 4

Maidstone Lock 29 7 16 5

Maidstone Bridge 29 6 16 6

Gibraltar Lock 27 6 18 6

Aylesford Bridge 25 6 20 6

Snodland Ferry 20 4 26 0

Lower Halling Ferry 18 4 28 0

Rochester Bridge 14 0 32 4

Rochester Railway Bridge 14 0 32 4

Chatham 12 4 34 0

Chatham Dockyard 12 0 34 4

Upnor Castle 11 0 35 4

Gillingham 8 4 38 0

River Swale 2 0 44 4

Sheerness 0 0 46 4

_ON THE RIVER WEY._

Distance from

/---------^---------\

THAMES LOCK GODALMING

m. f. m. f.

Godalming 20 1 0 0

Catshail Lock 19 3 0 0

Unsted Lock 18 3 1 6

Broadford Bridge 17 5 2 6

Shalford Railway Bridge 17 0 3 0

St. Catherine's Lock 16 5 3 4

St. Catherine's Ferry 16 3 3 6

Guildford Lock 15 5 4 4

Guildford Bridge 15 4 4 5

Stoke Lock 12 4 7 5

Bower's Lock 11 5 6 4

Trigg's Lock 9 5 10 0

Scud Heath 9 1 11 5

Worsfold's Gates 8 7 11 2

Paper Court Lock 7 3 12 6

Newark Lock 6 1 14 0

Pirford Lock 5 2 14 0

South-Western Railway Bridge 3 0 17 1

New Haw Lock 2 4 17 0

Cox's Lock 1 5 18 4

Weybridge Lock 1 0 19 1

Thames Junction Lock 0 0 20 1

APPENDIX.

_THE EARLY HISTORY OF BOAT RACING AT THE UNIVERSITIES._[23]

[23] Reprinted from _Land and Water_ of December 17, 1881.

The history of early college boat racing is not strictly that of the

University boat race itself, but it is closely wound up with it, and it

was, moreover, the origin of that aquatic rivalry between the two

Universities which led to the first match of 1829.

Oxford had inaugurated eight-oared rowing; that introduced inter-college

bumping races. Cambridge followed suit and established similar races,

and hence arose the constant study of aquatics which produced the first

match. For these reasons, we think that the history here given will be

read with interest by all University oarsmen, the more so because it, to

the best of our knowledge, has never before appeared in print. No

official record of their early races has been preserved; the oldest

boating record in Oxford is the Brasenose Club Book, dating 1837. That

of the O.U.B.C. commences with its establishment, 1839. The 'Charts' of

the boat races from 1837, published by Messrs. Spiers & Sons, and which

were not invented till after the year 1850, obtain the retrospective

racing, prior to the time when they first appeared, from the MS. records

of the B.N.C. book, the contents of which were communicated to the

publishers by the late Rev. T. Codrington. But prior to 1837 all is

blank. For the lost history here unearthed we are indebted to the

reminiscences and diaries of oarsmen of those days still in the land of

the living.

Oxford started college boat racing before Cambridge. It does not seem

quite clear as to when bumping races actually commenced. Two or three

colleges had boat clubs and manned eight oars, and at first it seems to

have been the practice for out-college men to join the club and crew of

colleges to which they did not belong.

The eight oars seem to have been in the habit of going down to Sandford

or Nuneham to dine, and of rowing home in company. From Iffley to Oxford

they were inclined to race to see who could be home first. They could

not race abreast, so they rowed in Indian file, and those behind

jealously tried to overtake the leaders. Hence began the idea of

starting in a fixed order out of Iffley Lock, of racing in procession,

and of an overtaken boat giving place to its victor on the next night of

procession.

In 1822, at all events, there were bumping races. Christ Church seems to

have been head. There was a disputed bump between B.N.C. and Jesus, and

some violence seems to have occurred, B.N.C. trying to haul down the

Jesus flag, and the Jesus men defending their colours. The dispute was

finally closed by Post of B.N.C. saying, 'These cries of "Jesus" and

"B.N.C." remind me of the old saying:--

Different people are of different opinions;

Some like leeks, some like onions.'

(The oars of Jesus were decorated with leeks.) The quarrel was made up,

and the crews went together to Nuneham in their racing boats.

Unfortunately Musgrave, one of the party, fell overboard and was drowned

during the festivities. In 1823 there were no eight-oared races, the sad

accident of the year before having cast a gloom over the pursuit. But

several boats were manned. Christ Church refused to put on a boat in

consequence of Stephen Davis, the boat-builder, rowing in the B.N.C.

eight, and Isaac King (who eventually took Davis's business) in the

Jesus boat. Some strong feeling was displayed on this point. When the

B.N.C. boat came up the river, the Christ Church men used to run

alongside of it for many nights shouting, 'No hired watermen.' After

this year no watermen rowed in the college crews. Exeter had a boat

afloat that year, built by Hall of Oxford. She was called the

'Buccleuch' in honour Of the Duke of that ilk.

Among the Exeter men was one Moresby, who was a relative of a naval

captain of that name, and through his advice Exeter ordered an eight-oar

of Little, of Plymouth. She was finished in time to be put on in 1824,

and became famous as the 'Exeter white boat.' Stephen Davis was sent

with a carriage constructed for the purpose, to meet the boat at

Portsmouth, whither she was brought by sea. As this boat was built of

deal, a raft was provided to receive her--the first use of a raft for

this purpose at Oxford. The oars sent with the boat were such as are

used at sea, and made of ash. They were discarded in favour of ordinary

oars, such as those already in use for fresh-water rowing. She was found

to be too high out of the water, so Isaac King cut her down one streak.

The boat, as depicted in Turner's water-colour drawing of her, was taken

when she was afloat and unmanned; her crew were painted in her

afterwards; consequently she rides too high out of the water. The boats

on the river in 1824 were, at the beginning of the season, Christ Church

1, B.N.C. 2, Exeter 3. Exeter bumped B.N.C. under the willows on the

first night; the next night of racing Christ Church took off, and Exeter

became head by the other's default. The races were renewed another day,

and B.N.C. bumped Christ Church. This was the _last_ year in which the

boats started out for Iffley Lock. The racing has hitherto been

conducted on this principle; the start between the boats were just so

much as the dexterity of the stroke could obtain. He, the stroke, stood

on the bow thwart, and ran down the row of thwarts; pushing the boat

along with his shoulder against the lock gates, he reached his own

thwart, by which time the impetus had shot the boat clear of the lock,

he dropped on to his own seat, and began to row. The oarsmen had their

oars 'tossed' meantime. The boat next in order then followed the same

process, and so on. The boats lay in _echelon_ while waiting for the

start. Bulteel, who was stroke of B.N.C. in the disputed race of 1822

(above mentioned), and who afterwards was elected Fellow of Exeter in

1823, was especially skilful at this. The Exeter crew of 1824 were:

Wareing, Dick, Parr, Dowglass, J. C. Clutterbuck, Cole, R. Pocklington

(father of D. Pocklington, stroke of Oxford in 1864), Bulteel (stroke),

S. Pocklington (cox.) The Rev. J. C. Clutterbuck, now rector of Long

Wittenham, near Abingdon, is well known as a conservator of the Thames,

to whom the Universities and rowing men are much indebted for the

clauses in the Conservancy Acts which give that body powers to clear the

river for boat racing. The names of the other two crews of 1824 have not

come fully to posterity, but among B.N.C. are Meredith, North and Karle

(stroke); and in the Christ Church crew were Hussey, Baring and Smyth

(stroke).

In 1825 the boats started in line along the bank, each having its umpire

to regulate the distance between it and its neighbours (one length). The

boats at starting were Exeter, Christ Church Worcester, Balliol (in this

order). Exeter had discarded their old love, and had got a 'black boat,'

larger than the old 'white boat,' but not so fast, according to later

experiments. However, they elected to row in her at first, and Christ

Church bumped them, also Worcester on a subsequent night. Later on

Exeter rebumped Worcester, and at the close of the racing the order was:

Christ Church, Exeter, Worcester, Balliol. Smyth was again stroke of

Christ Church, and R. Pocklington stroke of Exeter, in which Messrs.

Clutterbuck, Parr, Dowglass, Cole, and Wareing rowed again, with Messrs.

Harndon and Day as recruits.

The term 'Torpid' seems to have arisen about this date, and to have been

applied to the 'second' boats of colleges, such as Christ Church, who

launched a second boat in 1826. Later on the 'Torpids' took to racing

among themselves as a separate class, and under distinct qualifications.

In 1826 the following rules were drawn up for the boat-racing, and we

give them verbatim:--

_Rule_ 186.--Resolved (1) That racing do commence on Monday, May 1.

(2) That the days for racing be Monday and Friday in each week, and that

if any boat does not come out on those days its flag do go to the

bottom.

(3) That no out-college crews be allowed to row in any boat, except in

cases of illness or other unavoidable absence, and then that the cause

of such absence be signified to the strokes of the other boats.

(4) That the boats below the one that bumps stop racing, and those above

continue it.

(5) That there be a distance of fifty feet between each boat at

starting.

(6) That the boats start by pistol shot.

(7) That umpires be appointed by each college to see each boat in its

proper position before starting, and to decide any accidental dispute.

H. Saunders, Ch. Ch.

H. Moresby, Ex. Coll.

E. A. Hughes, Jes. Coll.

Henry Towers, Ch. Ch.

T. North, B. N. Coll.

H. Roberts, Ball. Coll.

Of the details of the racing, all that we can gather is that Christ

Church finished head.

In 1827 rules were again drawn up and signed at a meeting of strokes;

the new code being much the same as its predecessor, but with one or two

small alterations. There was no U.B.C. in existence, and therefore no

fixed code, but only such as was agreed on from year to year.

_Rules for Boat-Racing, 1827._

(1) That the racing do begin on May 29.

(2) That the days of racing be Tuesday and Friday in each week, and that

if any boat does not come out on those days its flag do go to the

bottom.

(3) That no out-college man be allowed to row in any boat.

(4) That no boat be allowed to race with less than eight oars.

(5) That the boats below the one that bumps stop racing, those above

continue it.

(6) That there be a distance of fifty feet between each boat at

starting.

(7) That the boats start by pistol shot.

(8) That umpires be appointed by each college to see each boat in its

proper place at starting, and to settle any accidental dispute.

The rules of the racing signed by:--

C.H. Page, Ch. Ch.

R. T. Congreve, B.N.C.

A. C. Budge, Ex. Coll.

R. Pennefather, Ball. Coll.

F. C. Chaytor

Geo. D. Hill, Trin. Coll.

David Reid

T. Fox

During these races Christ Church lost their pride of place. Balliol

seems to have first displaced them, and they in turn fell victims to

B.N.C. who remained head. The exact details of the racing and full list

of boats in this are unfortunately wanting.

The racing of 1828 began as usual. No MS. copy of the rules has come to

our hands for this year, but they are believed to be a reproduction of

those of 1827.

The racing resulted thus:--

June 1.--Order of starting B.N.C., Balliol, University, Christ Church,

Trinity, Oriel.

B.N.C. and Balliol remained in _statu quo_; Christ Church claimed a bump

against University which the latter disputed. Oriel bumped Trinity. The

disputed race between University and Christ Church was renewed on June

3, and the Christ Church men put wet paint on their bows so as to make

sure of leaving their mark if they should touch their opponents. They

effected their bump. The other boats do not seem to have raced on June

The next race was on June 4 between B.N.C., Balliol, Christ Church,

University, Trinity, and Oriel. Balliol bumped B.N.C., and the other

boats therefore ceased rowing according to the rules.

The third race was on June 7. Balliol, B.N.C., Christ Church,

University, Trinity, and Oriel, started in this order: Balliol kept

ahead; Christ Church bumped B.N.C., and the two between them had

therefore to cease rowing; Trinity then took off. On June 10 the races

were renewed, but no bump was effected by any boat.

On June 13 there was another race, and Christ Church displaced Balliol

and went head.

The races concluded on June 16, when Christ Church retained the

headship, and B.N.C. rebumped Balliol.

The Christ Church crew of 1828 were:--(bow) Goodenough; 2, Gwilt; 3,

Lloyd; 4, Moore; 5, Hamilton; 6, Mayne; 7, Bates; (stroke) Staniforth.

Hamilton became Bishop of Salisbury.

In 1829, in consequence of the first match of its kind being then

arranged with Cambridge, and the date being fixed for March 10, there

were no bumping races. Christ Church were accredited as head of the

river, from their having held that position from the preceding year; and

they were saluted as such. A scratch race, however, was improvised on

Commemoration afternoon, between the boats, apparently manned by mixed

crews of all colleges. It seems to have been a bumping and not a level

race, for the record of the race is 'no bump.'

In 1830 the races were renewed, and the following colleges put on

eights:--Christ Church, B.N.C., Balliol, University, St. John's, in the

order named.

The racing began on June 8, and Balliol bumped B.N.C.

On June 11, another race, and no bump by any boat.

On June 15, St. John's bumped University, the others above them

retaining their places and rowing to the end, as the bump was astern of

them.

On June 18 another race, but no bump.

On June 20 another race, and no bump.

We hope at a later period to supply the hiatus in history between this

last mentioned year and 1837, in which year the written records of

the B.N.C. book commenced, and for which charts of the races are

published. Meanwhile we shall thankfully receive any information on this

subject from the heroes of those days who may now be alive and hearty.

[Illustration: HENLEY COURSE

_London: Longmans & Co._

E. Weller]

_HENLEY, PAST AND FUTURE._[24]

[24] From the _Field_, July 5, 1886.

The inauguration of a new era in the history of Henley Regatta naturally

tends to make the mind wander into vistas of the past, perhaps even more

than into speculations of the future. There are oarsmen living who can

recollect when Henley Regatta did not even exist, and yet we are within

an appreciable distance (three years) of the 'jubilee' of the gathering.

There are sundry old Blues of the 1829 match still hale and hearty, and

the regatta was not founded until ten years after that date. _Apropos_

of that 1829 match, we have never seen it officially recorded that in

the race Cambridge steered up the Bucks and Oxford in the Berks channel

of the river, where the island divides it. Yet we have heard the Rev. T.

Staniforth, the Oxford stroke, relate the fact. For some strange reason,

the general opinion of _habitues_ of the river prior to that match was

that the Bucks channel gave the better course. The boughs of the island

trees obstructed the Berks channel more than now, and this may explain

the delusion. However, the Oxonians doubted the soundness of local

opinion, and tested in practice the advantages of the two channels by

timing themselves through each. They naturally found the inside course

the shorter cut. In the race they adopted it, while Cambridge, so we

hear, took the outside channel; and the previous lead of Oxford was more

than trebled by the time that the boats came again into the main river.

Times and ideas of rowing have changed much since the first regatta at

Henley opened and closed with contests for the Grand Challenge Cup, the

only prize at its foundation. The 'Town' Cup seems to have been the next

addition, under the name of the 'District Challenge' Cup, in 1840; but

it does not figure again until 1842, and in 1843 takes the name of the

Town Cup. There were first class fours 'for medals' in 1841, but the

Stewards' Cup was not founded till the following year. The 'Diamonds'

appeared in 1844. 'Pairs' came into existence in 1845, styled 'silver

wherries,' and the then winners, Arnold and Mann, of Caius, have ever

been handed down by tradition as something much above the average. The

prize became 'silver goblets' in 1850, and the first winners of them

were Justice Sir Joseph Chitty and Dr. Hornby, provost of Eton. The

Ladies' Plate was called the 'New' Cup when it appeared in 1845. At that

time it was open to the world, like the Grand. Clubs from the Thames won

it on sundry occasions. In 1857 it was restricted to schools and

colleges as now, copying the 'Visitors' Cup' for fours, founded upon

parallel principles in 1847. The Wyfold Cup dates from 1847, though it

does not figure in the local official calendar of the regatta as a

four-oar prize until 1856. In the latter year it became a four-oar

prize, open to all, and the Argonauts won it and the 'Stewards,' with

the same crew. Later on it obtained its present qualification. As to the

forgotten functions of the 'Wyfold' between 1847 and 1856, we venture to

record them. The cup originally was held by the winner of the trial

heats for the Grand. If the best challenger won the Grand also, or if

the 'holders' did not compete, then the same crew would take both Grand

and Wyfold for the season; but the Grand holders were ineligible to row

for the Wyfold. This latter anomaly in time induced the executive to

obtain leave from the donor to alter the destination of the cup and to

devote it to fours. Local races flourished in the forties and fifties.

Besides the Town Cup, there were local sculls, sometimes for a 'silver

wherry,' and sometimes for a presentation cup. Local pairs existed from

1858 to 1861 inclusive. The Thames Cup began life in 1868 as a sort of

junior race, but later on obtained its present qualification. There was

a presentation prize for fours without coxswains in 1869, but the

Stewards' Cup was not opened for fours of the modern style till 1873;

and the Visitors' and Wyfold were similarly emancipated a year later.

The advent and disappearance of the Public Schools' Cup need no comment.

We well recollect the sensation produced by the first keelless eight,

that of Chester, in 1856. The club came like a meteor, and won both

Grand and Ladies' (the latter being an open race for the last time in

that year). The art of 'watermanship' had not then reached its present

pitch. The Chester men could not sit their boat in the least; they

flopped their blades along the water on the recovery in a manner which

few junior crews at minor regattas would now be guilty of; but they

rowed well away from their opponents, who were only college crews. In

that year, in consequence of the Chester ship being some dozen feet

shorter than the iron keeled craft of Exeter and Lady Margaret, a

question arose as to how the boats should be adjudicated past the post.

The boats started by _sterns_, therefore Chester would be giving several

feet start if adjudged at the finish by bows. So the stewards ordered

the races to be decided by _sterns_ past the post. This edict remained

in force, but unknown to the majority of competitors, till after 1864.

In that year the winner of the Diamonds reached the post several lengths

before his opponent, but stopped opposite to it in a stiff head wind.

The loser came up behind him leisurely, chatted, and shoved the winner

past the post by rowlocks locking. Presently it transpired that the

official fiat was 'won by a foot,' and that the judge did not consider

the race over until the winner's stern was clear of the line! This

discovery caused some inquiry, and the half-forgotten edict of 1857 was

thus repealed; and races have since then been adjudged again by bows.

Among other reminiscences, we can recall the old starting 'rypecks,'

with bungs and cords attached; these bungs had to be held by competitors

till the signal to start; the ropes often fouled rudder lines, and were

awkward to deal with. In 1862 the system of starting with sterns held

from moored punts, now in vogue, was first adopted.

Such are some of the recollections which evolve themselves at this date,

when we are on the eve of a new era and a new course. The old 'time'

records, which have been gradually improving and which, to our

knowledge, are recorded in the most random manner in the local calendar,

will now have to stand or fall by themselves. A new course, with less

slack water in it, will hardly bear close comparison with an old one as

to time. The old soreness of fluky winds, and 'might have beens,' laid

to the discredit of much-abused Poplar Point, must now find no longer

scope. Luck in station there still will be, inevitably, when wind blows

off shore; but there now will be no bays to coast, and no Berks corner

to cut. The glories of Henley bridge have been on the wane for some

years past; we can remember when enterprising rustics ranked their muck

carts speculatively along the north side of the bridge; but fashion and

the innovation of large moored craft have lost the bridge much of its

old popularity. Besides, the newly planted aspens along the towpath,

which were given to replace the old time-honoured 'poplars,' shut off

the view of the reach from the bridge. It is no longer possible,

telescopically, to time opponents in practice from the Lion and Angel

window, as of old. It is not so much as twenty years ago that steamers

were unknown on the reach. The 'Ariel' (the late Mr. Blyth's) was the

first of her kind built by Mr. Thornycroft. Till then, row-boats had the

reach to themselves. We are old enough to recall the Red Lion

flourishing as a coaching inn; then came its breakdown, when 'rail'

broke the 'road,' and it shut up, until Mrs. Williams, the veteran

landlady, who erst welcomed, and is still welcomed by, so many retired

generations of oarsmen, migrated from the Catherine Wheel in 1858, and

re-opened the Lion once more.

The strength of amateur talent is treble what it was twenty-five years

ago. After the pristine Leander retired from action, and the St.

George's shut up, and the Old Thames Club dispersed, the Universities

had Henley almost to themselves as to eights and fours until Chester

woke them up in eights in 1856, and the Argonauts four a year or two

before produced the nucleus of the talent which in 1857 burst upon the

world under the new flag of the L.R.C. They were joined by Kingston in a

four in 1859. In 1861 Kingston had their first eight. Thames, in like

manner, began modestly with a four, which in due time developed winning

Grand eights. We have already spoken of the march of watermanship. A

quarter of a century ago the idea of amateurs sitting a keelless eight

or four, without rolling rowlocks under, until they had first practised

for days or weeks in a steady craft, would have been derided. In these

days three or four scratch eights can be manned any day at Putney,

capable of sitting a racing ship, and of trying starts with trained

University crews. We are not _laudatores temporis acti_ as to

oarsmanship; sliding seats spoilt form and style at first until they

were better understood; but, in our opinion, there are now (_caeteris

paribus_ as to slides _versus_ fixed seats) many more high-class oarsmen

than were to be found thirty, or even twenty, years ago. There are more

men rowing, and more science, and better coaching than of old. 'Vixere

fortes ante Agamemnona;' but we believe that there are on the average

some five Agamemnons now afloat for every two in the fifties and early

years of the sixties. Nor do we wonder at it with four or five times as

many men on the muster rolls of rowing clubs of the present day. As to

boat-building, we think that the 'lines' of racing eights have fallen

off. We can recall no such capacity for travelling between the strokes

as in Mat Taylor's best craft, _e.g._ the Chester boat and the old

'Eton' ship; both of which did duty and beat all comers for many years.

While looking back with interest, we look forward with hope, and

believe that the new Henley will maintain, and perhaps improve, its

modern enhanced and extended standard of oarsmanship, and that the new

course, when fairly tried, will encourage, rather than discourage,

competition that looks for fair field and no favour.

[Illustration: PUTNEY COURSE

_London: Longmans & Co._

E. Weller]

_THAMES PRESERVATION ACT._

In 1884 a Committee of the House of Commons sat to inquire into the best

method of preserving public rights and those of riparians on the Thames.

The latter had developed so much pleasure traffic during the last

quarter of a century that some 'highway' legislation on the subject

became imperative. An Act for regulating steam-launch traffic on the

Thames had been passed in 1883. The report of the Committee produced the

following Act, which should be read by all who intend to navigate the

Thames for pleasure.

Draft by-laws, to carry out the provisions of this Act in detail, have

twice been propounded by the Thames Conservancy during 1886, and a third

code was drafted early in 1887, but the first two editions provoked so

much hostile criticism that the Conservancy withdrew them; and, up to

the date of going to press, the third edition of proposed by-laws, which

still seems too objectionable in many details, has not received the

sanction of the Board of Trade, which is necessary before the code can

become law.

THAMES PRESERVATION ACT, 1885.

48 & 49 VICT. CAP. 76.

_An Act for the preservation of the River Thames above

Teddington Lock for purposes of public recreation, and for

regulating the pleasure traffic thereon._ [_August 14, 1885._]

Whereas the River Thames is a navigable highway; and whereas, by

reason of the increase of population in London and other places

near the said river, it has come to be largely used as a place

of public recreation and resort, and it is expedient that

provision should be made for regulating the different kinds of

traffic in the said river between the town of Cricklade and

Teddington Lock, and upon the banks thereof within the limits

aforesaid, and for the keeping of public order and the

prevention of nuisances, to the intent that the said river

should be preserved as a place of regulated public recreation;

Be it therefore enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty,

by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spiritual and

Temporal, and Commons, in this present Parliament assembled, and

by the authority of the same, as follows:

PART I.--NAVIGATION.

1. _Public right of navigation._--It shall be lawful for all

persons, whether for pleasure or profit, to go and be, pass and

repass, in boats or vessels over or upon any and every part of

the River Thames, through which Thames water flows, between the

town of Cricklade and Teddington Lock, including all such

backwaters, creeks, side-channels, bays and inlets connected

therewith as form parts of the said river within the limits

aforesaid.

2. _Private artificial cuts not to be deemed parts of the

river._--All private artificial cuts for purposes of drainage or

irrigation, and all artificial inlets for moats, boathouses,

ponds, or other like private purposes, already made or hereafter

to be made, and all channels which by virtue of any conveyance

from or agreement with the Conservators, or the Commissioners

acting under any of the Acts mentioned in the First Schedule to

this Act, or by any lawful title have been enjoyed as private

channels for the period of twenty years before the passing of

this Act, shall be deemed not to be parts of the said river for

the purposes of the last preceding section, or any provisions

consequent thereon.

3. _Conservators may exclude the public._--Notwithstanding

anything in the first section contained, it shall be lawful for

the Conservators from time to time to exclude the public for a

limited period from specified portions of the said river, for

purposes connected with the navigation, or with any public work

or uses, or for the preservation of public order.

4. _Right of navigation to include anchoring and mooring._--The

right of navigation hereinbefore described shall be deemed to

include a right to anchor, moor, or remain stationary for a

reasonable time in the ordinary course of pleasure navigation,

subject to such restrictions as the Conservators shall from time

to time by by-laws determine; and it shall be the duty of the

Conservators to make special regulations for the prevention of

annoyance to any occupier of a riparian residence, by reason of

the loitering or delay of any house-boat or steam-launch, and

for the prevention of the pollution of the river by the sewage

of any house-boat or steam-launch. Provided that nothing in this

Act, or in any by-law made thereunder, shall be construed to

deprive any riparian owner of any legal rights in the soil or

bed of the river which he may now possess, or of any legal

remedies which he may now possess for prevention of anchoring,

mooring, loitering, or delay of any boat or other vessel, or to

give any riparian owner any right as against the public, which

he did not possess before the passing of this Act, to exclude

any person from entering upon or navigating any backwater,

creek, channel, bay, inlet, or other water, whether deemed to be

part of the River Thames as in this Act defined or not.

Provided also, that the powers given by this clause shall be in

addition to, and not to be deemed to be in substitution for, any

powers already possessed by the Conservators.

5. _Riparian owner to remove obstructions unless maintained for

twenty years._--Any person obstructing the navigation

hereinbefore described, by means of any weir, bridge, piles,

dam, chain, barrier, or other impediment, shall be liable to be

called upon by the Conservators to remove the same, and his

refusal to do so shall be deemed to be a continuing offence

within the meaning of this Act, and the obstruction itself shall

be deemed to be a nuisance to the navigation unless the same, or

substantially the same, has been maintained for the period of

twenty years before the commencement of this Act.

6. _Provision against shooting or use of firearms on the

river._--From and after the passing of this Act it shall be

unlawful to discharge any firearm, air-gun, gun, or similar

instrument over or upon the said river within the limits

aforesaid, or the banks or towpaths thereof, or any land

acquired by the Conservators under the provisions of this Act,

and every person discharging any firearm, air-gun, gun, or

similar instrument over or upon the said river limits as

aforesaid, or the banks or towpath thereof, or any such land as

aforesaid, shall be deemed to have committed an offence under

this Act.

PART II.--REGULATION OF PLEASURE-BOATS.

7. _Registration of boats._--In addition to the rights and

duties of the Conservators relating to registration and tolls

already created by the Thames Navigation Act, 1870, the Thames

Conservancy Act, 1878, and the Thames Act, 1883, or by any other

of the Acts in the First Schedule to this Act mentioned, it

shall be lawful for the Conservators to direct by by-law that

all boats or vessels, with the exception of any such class of

boats or vessels as may, together with the reasons of such

exception, be specified in any such by-law for pleasure

navigation, shall be registered, together with the true names

and addresses of the owners thereof respectively, in a General

be prescribed, and as to all vessels propelled by steam power,

and all house-boats, and all rowing or sailing boats plying for

hire, and any such other particular class of boats or vessels as

by them from time to time by by-law, may be prescribed to issue

licences to ply upon any part of the upper navigation, or upon a

limited part thereof only, according to regulations in each case

by them to be made by by-law in manner hereinafter provided.

8. _Navigating without registration to be an offence._--From and

after the dates by any such by-law to be fixed respectively, it

shall be an offence under this Act to use any boat or vessel of

the class mentioned in the same by-law, on any part of the river

to which such by-law applies, unless such boat or vessel shall

have been previously registered or licensed in manner therein

provided.

9. _Lists to be kept of private boats and boats for hire._--In

the General Register in the seventh section of this Act

mentioned, separate lists shall be kept of boats and vessels

used for pleasure navigation by private owners, and of boats and

vessels let for hire. The former class of boats or vessels shall

be distinguished, according to regulations to be made from time

to time by the Conservators, by a registered number, crest,

badge, or mark, and the latter class by a registered number; and

the provisions of section eleven and section thirteen of the

Thames Act, 1883, as to displaying or concealing the same or

number of any steam-launch shall be deemed in all cases to apply

to the said registered numbers, crests, badge, and marks

respectively, with such modifications as the Conservators may by

such regulations from time to time direct.

10. _Renewal of yearly registration._--It shall be lawful for

the Conservators by by-law to enact as to any or all of the

classes of boats or vessels by them from time to time required

to be licensed or registered as aforesaid, that such licence or

registration shall be renewed at any interval not being less

than one year.

11. _Fee for registration._--It shall be lawful for the

Conservators to charge, in respect of boats or vessels

registered under this Act, sums not exceeding the sums

following; that is to say, for each registration of a

pleasure-boat not being a house-boat, a sum not exceeding two

shillings and sixpence, and for each registration of a

house-boat a sum not exceeding five pounds; and if such

house-boat shall be more than thirty feet in length, a further

sum not exceeding twenty shillings in respect of every complete

five feet and the fraction of an incomplete five feet by which

such house boat shall exceed thirty feet in length.

Provided always that nothing in this Act shall require a boat or

vessel not being a house-boat to be registered oftener than once

in three years.

12. _Present registration or licence not to be

affected._--Nothing in this Act shall require any vessel which

may under any Act be required to be registered or licensed by

the master, wardens, and commonalty of watermen and lightermen

of the River Thames to be registered or licensed under this Act.

13. _First registration._--For the purposes of the last

preceding section a fresh registration or licence of any boat or

vessel in a class other than that in which the same was first

registered or licensed shall be deemed a first registration or

licence.

14. _Application of ss. 7, 8, 9, and 14 of The Thames Act, 1883,

to all registered boats and vessels._--The provisions of

sections seven, eight, nine, and fourteen of The Thames Act,

1883, as to registered owners of steam-launches, shall apply to

the registered owners of all boats or vessels for the time being

registered pursuant to the provisions of this Act, and of the

by-laws in that behalf from time to time in force, and the same

section nine and section fourteen shall be read as if the words

'boat or vessel' therein were substituted for the word

'steam-launch,' and as if the words 'this Act' therein referred

to the present Act.

15. _Every boat or vessel to be deemed to be in charge of one

person._--Every boat or vessel used for pleasure navigation upon

any part of the River Thames within the limits aforesaid shall

be deemed to be in charge of one person, who shall be in every

case a registered owner, or the person duly appointed or

permitted by him to be in charge, or the person hiring such boat

or vessel, and, in the absence of any such person, then any

person having control or being in command of such boat or

vessel.

16. _Person in charge to be responsible for order_.--Every

person who for the time being is in charge of any boat or vessel

shall be responsible for the preservation of order and decency,

and for the observance of the provisions of this Act; and upon

proof that an offence under this Act has been committed by any

person on board such boat or vessel, and that the person in

charge has refused to give the name and address of the

offender, then the person in charge shall be deemed to have

committed an offence under this Act.

PART III.--GENERAL POWERS.

17. _Conservators may accept and hold land for certain

purposes._--In addition to their existing powers to take and

hold land, it shall be lawful for the Conservators to accept and

hold any land which any person may offer to them for dedication

to public uses in connection with the purposes of this Act, upon

such terms and conditions as they may see fit, and it shall be

lawful for the Corporation of the City of London, or the

Metropolitan Board of Works, and for the University of Oxford,

or, subject to the provisions of the Municipal Corporations Act,

1882, so far as they are applicable, for the Corporation of the

City of Oxford, or any corporation or other person, to give,

grant, dedicate, convey, or devise any land or right over land

to the extent of their estates and interests respectively, unto

the Conservators, for the purpose of enabling the public to use

such and or any part thereof as a public highway, or as a place

of public resort, or for the purpose of creating bathing-places

or camping-grounds or landing-places, or for any other purposes

connected with this Act, any of the provisions of the Act passed

in the ninth year of the reign of King George the Second,

chapter thirty-six, or any other statute or any rule of law to

the contrary notwithstanding.

18. _Acquisition by agreement of right of abstracting water from

the river._--Where any company or person is entitled under any

Act of Parliament, grant, custom, or otherwise, to any right of

abstracting or appropriating water which might otherwise flow or

find its way into the river, it shall be lawful for any such

person on the one hand and the Conservators or any other person

on the other hand, to enter into and carry into effect an

agreement or agreements for the conveyance of such right to the

Conservators; and every such right may be conveyed to the

Conservators by deed, and shall as from the date of such

conveyance be absolutely extinguished to the intent that such

water shall thereafter be allowed to flow into the river.

And it shall be lawful for any of the companies supplying water

within the Metropolis to make contributions out of their capital

or revenue in aid of the acquisition and extinguishment of any

such right, and for the Conservators to accept such

contributions and contributions from any other person or persons

and employ them for that purpose.

19. _Alteration and suspension of by-laws._--It shall be lawful

for the Conservators, in addition to all powers of making

by-laws already possessed by them under the Acts mentioned in

the First Schedule hereto, to make, and from time to time to

suspend or alter in the same manner and with the same consent as

in the same Acts is provided, all by-laws which they may deem

necessary for the purposes mentioned in this Act, or in the

Second Schedule hereto.

20. _Continuing offences._--Any act or default in contravention

of any of the said by-laws or of the provisions of this Act,

which after due notice is repeated or continued, shall be a

continuing offence under this Act.

PART IV.--PROCEDURE.

21. _Penalty for offence against the Act._--Any person convicted

of an offence under this Act shall, where no other penalty is

provided by this Act or any of the Acts mentioned in the First

Schedule hereto, or by any by-law made thereunder respectively,

be liable to a penalty not exceeding forty shillings.

22. _Penalty for continuing offence._--Any person convicted of

an offence which is a continuing offence under this Act shall,

where no greater penalty has been provided for such offence by

any of the Acts mentioned in the First Schedule hereto, be

liable to a penalty not exceeding five pounds.

23. _Jurisdiction of certain justices._--For the purposes of

this Act, and of every by-law to be made by the Conservators

thereunder, the jurisdiction of all justices of the peace for

the counties of Surrey, Berkshire, Wiltshire, Gloucester,

Oxford, Buckingham, and Middlesex, and of the magistrates for

the city of Oxford, and of every other borough, the police

jurisdiction of which extends to any place upon the River Thames

within the limits aforesaid, and the jurisdiction, powers, and

authority of the Proctors of the University of Oxford and the

marshals and officers acting under them, and the power and

authority of the Metropolitan Police, and of all police officers

and constables acting for any of the said counties or boroughs,

shall extend over the whole of the River Thames, and the

towpaths, banks, and precincts thereof, within the limits

aforesaid.

24. _As to place where offence committed._--For the purposes of

any proceedings in respect of any offence under this Act, or

under any of the Acts mentioned in the First Schedule hereto,

every such offence shall be deemed to have been committed, and

every cause of complaint in respect thereof shall be deemed to

have arisen either in the place in which the same actually was

committed or arose, or in any place in which the offender or

person complained against may be.

25. _Bailiffs and servants of Conservators may be sworn in as

police constables._--It shall be in the power and at the

discretion of the Conservators to procure all or any of their

water-bailiffs, river-keepers, lock-keepers, or other servants,

to be sworn in as police constables for any of the counties or

boroughs aforesaid, but they shall not be liable, without the

consent of the Conservators, to be called upon to perform the

duties of such police constables, except for the purposes of

this Act or of the Acts mentioned in the First Schedule hereto.

26. _Proceedings for summary conviction._--Proceedings in

relation to any offence or continuing offence under this Act or

any of the Acts mentioned in the First Schedule hereto, or under

any by-law already made or hereafter to be made by the

Conservators, or for the recovery of any penalty under this Act

or any of the said Acts mentioned in the First Schedule hereto,

or any by-law made thereunder respectively, may be taken before

a court of summary jurisdiction, according to the provisions of

the Summary Jurisdiction Acts, and all such penalties, whether

recovered summarily or otherwise, shall be paid to the

Conservators, and shall form part of their funds.

27. _Moneys paid to the Conservators to be carried to the

Conservancy Fund._--All moneys recovered or received by the

Conservators or their secretary, or other officer under any of

the provisions of this Act, shall be carried to the Conservancy

Fund, and all moneys arising in respect of the Upper River, as

defined by the Acts mentioned in the schedule hereto, shall be

credited to the Upper Navigation Fund.

28. _Saving clause._--Saving always to the Queen's most

Excellent Majesty, her heirs and successors, and to all and

every other person or persons and body or bodies politic,

corporate or collegiate, and his, her, or their heirs,

successors, executors, and administrators, all such right,

title, estate, and interest, as they or any of them could or

ought to have had or enjoyed of, in to or in respect of the

river and the banks and towpaths thereof within the limits

aforesaid in case this Act had not been passed, excepting so far

as relates to the said right of navigation and other rights

expressly declared and provided for by this Act.

29. _Definitions._--In this Act the following terms have the

several meanings hereby assigned to them, unless there be

something in the subject or context repugnant to such

construction (that is to say):

The terms 'the River Thames' and 'the said river' shall for the

purposes of this Act mean and include all and every part of the

River Thames specified in section one, excepting the cuts,

inlets, and channels specified in section two;

The term 'the Conservators' means the Conservators of the River

Thames;

The term 'due notice' means a notice in writing given by the

Conservators or any person duly authorised in writing by them to

act in their behalf;

The words 'consent of the Conservators' shall mean permission in

writing signed by the secretary of the Conservators;

The term 'by-law' includes rules, orders, and regulations;

The term 'person' includes corporation;

The term 'land' includes land of any tenure, and tenements and

hereditaments, corporeal or incorporeal, and houses and other

buildings, and also an undivided share in land, and any rights

over land whatsoever, whether appendant, appurtenant, or in

gross;

The term 'precincts' includes any place within a hundred yards

of the said river on either side thereof;

The term 'vessel' shall include any ship, lighter, barge,

launch, house-boat, boat, randan, wherry, skiff, dingey,

shallop, punt, canoe, raft, or other craft.

30. _Short title._--This Act may be cited as 'The Thames

Preservation Act, 1885.'

SCHEDULE I.

24 Geo. II. c. 8, 30 Geo. II. c. 21, 11 Geo. III. c. 45, 14 Geo.

III. c. 91, 15 Geo. III. c. 11, 17 Geo. III. c. 18, 28 Geo. III.

c. 51, 35 Geo. III. c. 106, 50 Geo. III. c. cciv., 52 Geo. III.

c. xlvi., 52 Geo. III. c. xlvii., 54 Geo. III. c. ccxxiii., 20 &

21 Vict. c. cxlvii. (the Thames Conservancy Act, 1857), 27 & 28

Vict. c. 113 (the Thames Conservancy Act, 1864), 29 & 30 Vict.

c. 89 (the Thames Navigation Act, 1866), 30 & 31 Vict. c. ci.

(the Thames Conservancy Act, 1867), 33 & 34 Vict. c. cxlix. (the

Thames Navigation Act, 1870), 41 & 42 Vict. c. ccxvi. (the

Thames Conservancy Act, 1878), 45 & 47 Vict. c. lxxix. (the

Thames Act, 1883).

SCHEDULE II.

PURPOSES FOR WHICH BY-LAWS MAY BE MADE UNDER THE POWERS AND

PROVISIONS OF THIS ACT.

1. For preventing offences against decency by persons using the

River Thames, and the banks and towpaths thereof, or any land

acquired by the Conservators under the provisions of this Act.

2. For preventing disorderly conduct, or the use of obscene,

scandalous, or abusive language to the annoyance of persons

using the said River Thames or the banks or towpaths thereof, or

any land acquired by the Conservators under the provisions of

this Act.

3. For preventing any nuisance to riparian residents or others

by persons using the river.

4. For preventing trespasses upon any riparian dwelling-houses

or the curtilages or gardens belonging thereto.

5. For regulating the navigation with a view to the safety and

amenity of the said river in relation to the purposes of this

Act.

6. For preventing injury to flowering and other plants, shrubs,

vegetation, trees, woods and underwoods on or near the said

river.

7. For preventing bird-catching, bird-nesting, bird-trapping,

and the searching for, taking, or destruction of swans' and

other birds' nests, eggs, or the young of any birds or other

animals on or about the said river, saving all existing rights

of fowling, shooting, hunting, and sporting.

8. For preserving the various notice-boards and other works and

things set up by the Conservators or with their consent.

9. For preventing disturbance of the navigation provided for by

this Act.

10. For registering and licensing boats or vessels, and for

regulating the conditions of such licences, and the letting or

hiring of boats, vessels, conveyances, horses or other animals,

in connection with the purposes of this Act.

11. For imposing penalties for breaches of by-laws, subject to

the provisions of this Act and of the Acts in the First Schedule

mentioned.

INDEX.

Abdominal strains, treatment of, 175

Ailments, 172-176

Amateur, the,

anomalous status of, 193;

definition of term, 48, 194;

Henley executive definition, 194;

foundation of Amateur Rowing Association, 195;

A.R.A. rules, 195;

regulations for the conduct of amateur regattas, 197-199;

conditions imposed on foreign crews, 199;

laws of boat-racing approved by A.R.A., 239

Amateur Rowing Association, 195-199, 239, 240

Amateurs, past and present:--

Babcock, J. C., 105;

Barnes, 35;

Bayford, J., 35, 36;

Birch, R. O., 104;

Bishop, 35;

Brickwood, E. D., 29, 107, 138, 172, 174, 185, 234;

Brown, M., 86;

Brown, W., 105;

Bulteel, 315;

Carter, 35;

Casamajor, 134, 137, 138;

Chambers, J. G., 44, 223, 239;

Chinnery, Walter and Harry, 231;

Close, J. B., 105;

Clutterbuck, Rev. J. C, 315;

Cobb, Rhodes, 234;

Copplestone, 35, 36;

Corkran, Colonel Seymour, 86;

Cox, J. R., 138;

Donaldson, Rev. S. A., 209;

Edwardes-Moss, T. C, 181, 227;

Fawcus, 184;

Godfrey, 85, 86;

Goldie, J. H. D., 86, 117, 181;

Griffiths, W. R., 86;

Gulston, F. S., 87, 88, 105, 107;

Henley, E. F., 152;

Herbert, C., 184;

Hoare, W., 86, 176;

Hornemann, 35;

Hughes, G., 156;

Jacobson, 89;

Labat, R. H., 226;

Le Blanc Smith, 195, 197;

Lesley, R., 86;

Lewis, 35;

Lloyd, 35;

Long, A. de L., 105;

Long, W., 87;

Lowndes, 141;

Marsh, 35;

Marshall, T. H., 92;

Menzies, F., 156;

Montagu, C. F., 203;

Morrison, Allan, 234, 235;

Morrison, George, 89, 234, 235;

Mossop, 87;

Musgrave, 32, 314;

Nadin, 184;

Parker, J. E., 134, 137;

Payne, 141;

Peard, 35, 36;

Pelham, 34-46;

Percy, 103;

Phillips, R. M., 37;

Pitman, 86;

Playford, Frank, 134, 227, 234;

Playford, H. H., 234, 235;

Revell, 35;

Rhodes, H., 86, 116, 117;

Risley, Rev. R. W., 234, 235;

Rowe, G. D., 179;

Shadwell, Rev. A., 92, 156;

Shaw, Captain, 35, 36;

Staniforth, Rev. T., 30, 32, 34, 319;

Unwin, W. S., 134;

Wallace, 184;

Warre, 209, 213;

Way, 116, 117;

Weedon, 35;

West, 86;

Wood, 182;

Wynne, 89;

see under Temple of Fame, 243-296

Aquatic championship, winners of the, 296

Authors quoted, see under Books

Bathing, 156

Beach, W., champion of the world, 236, 237

Biglin-Coulter crew, the, 105

Biremes, 12, 15-17

Blisters, treatment of, 173, 175

Boats,

early history of, 3;

sanpans, 4, 6, 10;

Ulysses' boat, 5;

dug-outs, 6;

canoes, 7;

cayaks, 8;

Madras surf-boats, 9;

analogy of construction with that of orders of fishes, 9;

Chinese junks, 10;

Egyptian boats, 12;

Ph[oe]nician vessels, 13;

ships of Homer, 13;

biremes, 15-17, 25;

triremes, 17, 18, 20-23;

pace of the ancient Greek galleys, 24;

early Roman vessels, 24;

boat-building, 142;

wherries, 142;

skiffs, 143, 144;

gigs, 143, 144;

'carvel' build, 143;

inrig and outrig, 144;

dingies, 145;

dimensions, 145-152;

prices, 146, 148;

shape, 150, 151;

position of seats, 151

Boat-builders:--

Archer (of Lambeth), 35;

Clasper, Jack, 146, 147;

Goodman, 213;

Hall (of Oxford), 314;

Little (of Plymouth), 314;

Perkins (Sambo), 213;

Salter, Messrs., 145, 152;

Searle, 35, 213;

Sewell, 147;

Swaddell and Winship, 147;

Taylor, Mat, 87, 147-149, 151, 213, 322;

Thornycroft, 322;

Tolliday, 213

Boils, treatment of, 173, 174

Books, &c. and authors quoted:

Archeologie Navale, 25;

Aristophanes, 18;

'Argonaut,' 147, 148;

Bell's Life, 28, 34, 35, 110, 147;

Boating Calendar, 206;

Boat Racing, 27, 31, 162, 172, 185;

Brickwood, E. D., 27, 31, 32, 95, 103, 104, 162;

Denkmaeler (Lepsius's), 10;

Egan, T., 110, 147;

Encyclopaedia Britannica, 20;

Field, the, 40, 107, 188, 319;

Fleet of an Egyptian Queen (Duemichen's), 10;

Frogs, 18;

Graser, Dr., 20;

Glossaire Nautique, 25;

Herodotus, 9;

Homer, 4, 5, 13;

Horace, 3;

Jal, M., 25;

Land and Water, 30, 313;

Lane, 122;

Merivale, Dr., 33;

Notes on Coaching (Dr. Warre's), 77;

Oars and Sculls, 161;

Old Blues and their Battles, 34;

Record of the University Boat Race, 34;

Rowing Almanack, 241;

Socrates, 154;

Stonehenge, 174;

Staniforth, Rev. T., 30, 32;

Treherne, G. T., 34;

Urkunden ueber das Seewesen des attischen Staates, 20;

Warre, Dr., 64, 77;

Westminster Water Ledger, 27;

Williamson, Dr., 28;

Xenophon, 24

Brandy, as a restorative, 172

Building (boat), see under Boats

Bumping races, 33, 313-315, 318

By-laws of boat clubs, 187

Cambridge University Boat Club, 32, 36, 42;

head of the river, 292;

pair-oars, 293;

four-oars, 294;

sculls, 295;

races with Oxford, &c., 252-288;

college and club races, 292-296;

see Temple of Fame

Canoes, 7

Captains, 79;

qualifications for, 80;

multitude of counsellors, 80;

dealing with malcontents, 82-84;

enforcement of punctuality, 84;

position in boat, 85, 207;

former identity of stroke and captain, 86;

duties of, 87;

recruiting, 87;

selection by, of candidates for trial eights, 88;

coaching of juniors by, 89;

conduct of, on retirement from office, 90;

resident in college, 90;

lessons of the post, 91;

list of captains of Eton boats, 214-216

Championship of the world, 296, 297;