=Saracens.= Eastern Mahometans that crossed into Turkey, Northern
Africa, and Spain. The Moors are a type.
=122=: 14. =Sogdiana.= Northeast of the river Oxus; included in modern
Bokhara.
=123=: 6. =White Huns.= Ancient people living near the Oxus; called
_white_ from their greater degree of civilization.
=125=: 23. =Damascus.= In Asiatic Turkey; thought to be the oldest city
in the world.
=126=: 1. =Harun al Raschid.= Caliph of Bagdad; contemporaneous with
Charlemagne in the eighth century.
=127=: 28. =Ended its career.= The power of the European Turks,
virtually broken at Lepanto, 1571, has continued to decline, so that
were it not for the jealousy of the Powers, Turkey would long since have
been dismembered.
=129=: 24. =Khorasan.= North central province of Persia.
=133=: 25. (_a_) =Seljuk.= (_b_) =Othman.= (_a_) Grandfather of Togrul
Beg, who founded a powerful dynasty in Central Asia. (_b_) Third
successor of Mahomet; caliph in 644; noted for his extensive conquests
and for having given his name to the Ottomans.
=135=: 20. =Greek Emperor.= Romanus Diogenes, defeated in 1071 A.D.