most learned of the medical profession, says: "The examination of the
urine in disease is now regarded as one of the most important aids in
diagnosis, and which it would be injurious alike to the welfare of the
patient and the credit of the practitioner to avoid."
[Illustration: Fig. 9.]
The eminent Dr. F. Simon writes as follows: "From the physical and
chemical state of the urine, the attentive and observing physician may
obtain a great quantity of information for ascertaining and establishing
a diagnosis. More than all other signs, the correct examination of the
sediment is of importance to the physician. * * * For the medical man it
is the compass which guides him in the unlimited chaos of disease and
its treatment; for the patient it is the thermometer of his condition,
the premonitory indication of the decrease or aggravation of his malady;
and for the healthy man it is the regulator of his diet and his life.
Every one is aware of the variations of the barometer, and we know that
the fluctuations of the column of mercury are closely associated with
the variable conditions of the atmosphere; so, to the practical
observer, variations of the urine, as well as the elements composing it,
point out with certainty the changes in health, and the condition of the
organs."
While we recognize the importance of examining the urine as an aid in
distinguishing diseases, and have made this old German method of
diagnosis a special study, yet we do not claim that _all_ diseases can
be unmistakably distinguished by such examinations _alone_. We take a
conservative position and have no confidence in that class of ignorant
fanatics whose pet hobby is "uroscopy."
From every person who solicits our professional services, we require
explicit answers to numerous important questions, that we may know the
age, sex, vocation, etc., as well as the prominent symptoms manifested.
CONSULTATIONS BY LETTER.
Formerly, we published in this book a very extensive list of questions
to be answered by those consulting us, but a large experience has
convinced us that beyond requiring answers to a few leading questions,
which we still retain, it is better to let the patient describe the
malady in his or her own way and language. After receiving and
considering such a history, if we do not fully understand the patient's
malady, we will ask such further questions as may be necessary. The
patient should, however, in addition to writing name, post-office,
county, and state, _plainly_, state the name of the town containing the
nearest express office. Next give age, sex, whether married or single,
complexion, height, present and former weight, if known, and occupation.
State also if you have been a hard worker, and whether it is necessary
for you to labor hard now, how long you have been out of health, and
from what particular symptoms you suffer most. Follow this with a
history of your case in your own language. If you find in this volume an
accurate description of your disease, state the page and paragraph where
it occurs.
FREE CONSULTATION.
We now make no charge for consultation by letter, but, instead of the
one dollar formerly charged by us as a consultation fee, as we are
desirous of making our facilities for treatment known to invalids far
and near, we request that all persons writing to us for advice send us
the names of all those within the circle of their acquaintance who are
in any way in need of medical or surgical treatment for chronic
diseases. If convenient, send the list on a separate piece of paper.
CHARGES MUST BE PREPAID.
Should you send a vial of urine for analysis, about a cupful will do,
and _all express charges on it must be prepaid_. All liquids are
excluded from the mails, when discovered, and yet we have received
hundreds of samples through the mails safely when put in homoeopathic or
other _very small_ vials, well corked and carefully packed in a light
tin can or _wooden_ box, or in a light pine stick bored out hollow, the
vial being carefully packed in sufficient saw-dust or blotting paper to
absorb all liquid should the vial get broken. Letter postage, that is,
two cents for each one ounce or fraction thereof, must be paid upon
these sealed packages. Send the first urine that is passed after rising
in the morning.
RELIABLE MEDICINES.
Next in importance to a correct understanding of the patient's disease,
is the possession of reliable remedies for its treatment. Many of the
medicines employed by physicians engaged in general practice are
prepared from old drugs that have lost all their medicinal virtues, and
hence are utterly useless and ineffectual. Many vegetable extracts are
inert, because the plants from which they are produced were not gathered
at the proper time. To give the reader an idea of the great care which
we exercise in the selection and preparation of our medicines, he is
requested to read under the head of "The Preparation of Medicines," in
"The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser."
OUR TERMS FOR TREATMENT
require the payment of monthly fees, in advance, which entitles the
patient to medicines specially prepared for and adapted to his or her
particular case, and to all necessary attention and advice. Our fees for
treatment are moderate, varying according to the nature and requirements
of each particular case, and will be made known at the time of
consultation.
WHY OUR FEES ARE REQUIRED IN ADVANCE.
We receive applications from strangers residing in all parts of America,
and even in foreign countries, and it is not reasonable to suppose that
credit could be dispensed so indiscriminately. It would not be a correct
business transaction for a merchant to send a barrel of sugar or a roll
of cloth to a stranger living hundreds of miles away, to be paid for
when used. Our knowledge and medicines constitute our capital in
business, and an order upon that capital should be accompanied with an
equivalent. Some applicants refer us to their neighbors for a
testimonial of their integrity. We cannot spare the time or employ
assistants to make such inquiries for the sake of trusting any one.
Should credit be thus indiscriminately given, there would necessarily be
losses, and, to compensate for these, and the extra expense incurred by
the employment of assistants, our fees would have to be much larger,
thereby imposing the burden upon those who _do_ pay. Instead of
following this method of procedure, we place professional services
within the reach of all, so that a greater number may be benefited. Many
invalids say that they have paid large sums of money to medical men for
treatment without obtaining relief. Unfortunately our land is cursed
with quacks and unprincipled practitioners, who seek no one's good but
their own, and it is a defect in our law that it permits such swindlers
to go unpunished. Not so reprehensible is the family physician who
fails, because his limited and varied practice does not permit him to
become proficient in treating chronic diseases.
The following beautiful sentiment of Hood truthfully expresses the
sacredness of the physician's trust:
"Above all price of wealth
The body's jewel. Not for minds or hands profane
To tamper with in practice vain.
Like to a woman's virtue is man's health;
A heavenly gift within a holy shrine!
To be approached and touched with serious fear,
By hands made pure and hearts of faith severe,
E'en as the priesthood of the One Divine."
We are in regular practice, responsible for what we say and do, and
cordially invite those who desire further evidence of our success in
curing chronic diseases to come to the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical
Institute and satisfy themselves of the truthfulness of our statements.
We are warranted in saying that our responsibility and disposition for
fair dealing are known to many of the principal mercantile houses, as
well as to all prominent American editors. We also refer to our present
and former patients, one or more of whom may be found in almost every
hamlet of America. To all who are under our treatment we devote our
highest energies and skill, fully realizing that an untold blessing is
conferred upon every person whom we cure, and that such cures insure the
permanency of our business. On the contrary, we realize how unfortunate
it is for us to fail in restoring to health any person whom we have
encouraged to hope for relief. We are careful, therefore, not to assume
the treatment of incurable cases, except when desired to do so for the
purpose of mitigating suffering or prolonging life; for we never wish to
encourage false hopes of recovery.
TERMS FOR BOARD AND TREATMENT AT THE INVALIDS' HOTEL AND SURGICAL
INSTITUTE
are moderate, varying with the nature of the case and the apartments
occupied. At times so great is the number applying to avail themselves
of the skill of our Faculty, and the advantages which our institution
affords, that we are unable to receive all applicants. To be sure of
securing good apartments, it is well to engage them sometime ahead, and
make an advance payment of fifty dollars or more upon them, which will
be refunded in case acute sickness or any similar cause should prevent
the patient from occupying them at the time specified. Complete terms
for treatment and board can be arranged only when personal application
for entrance to the institution is made, and the nature and extent of
the disease and the necessary treatment fully determined by personal
examination of the case. If satisfactory terms and arrangements cannot
at that time be agreed upon, or if the case be deemed incurable, any
advance payments that have been made to secure good apartments will be
promptly refunded.
SPECIAL ADVICE.
Those coming here to consult us personally, should bring the money to
pay for our services and for board and care while remaining here, in the
form of drafts on New York City, Boston or Chicago, and _not_ in the
form of checks on a local or home bank. Such drafts can be purchased in
the home bank by paying a small amount for the exchange. If more
convenient, post office orders payable at Buffalo post office will do.
VISITING PATIENTS WHO RESIDE AT A DISTANCE.
We are frequently asked to visit patients residing hundreds of miles
away, that we may personally examine their cases, or perform difficult
surgical operations. We can seldom comply with such requests as the time
of our professional Staff is generally very fully occupied.
TO PHYSICIANS
wishing to consult us in intricate cases of chronic diseases under their
treatment, we desire to say that we shall, as in the past, take pleasure
in responding to their solicitations. We have all the necessary
instruments and appliances required in executing the most difficult
surgical operations, and, as we have had much experience in this
department, we are always ready and able to assist physicians who do not
practice operative surgery. In this age of railways and telegraphs
medical and surgical aid can be summoned from a distance and promptly
obtained.
OUR MEDICINES
as put up for sale through druggists, are not recommended as
"cure-alls," or panaceas, but only as superior remedies for certain
common and easily-recognized diseases. They are our favorite
prescriptions, improved and perfected by long study and a vast
experience in the treatment of chronic diseases, and have gained
world-wide celebrity and sale. We are well aware that there are many
chronic diseases that can only be successfully treated and cured by
careful adaptation of remedies to each individual case. This is
especially true of the ever-varying and delicate diseases of the kidneys
and bladder. It is not less so with reference to nervous debility,
involuntary vital losses, with which so many young and middle-aged men
are afflicted; and we may also include in this list epilepsy or fits,
paralysis or palsy, obstinate gleety discharges, and many other chronic
and delicate ailments of which our staff of physicians and surgeons cure
annually many thousands of cases, but _for which we do not recommend_
any of our put-up, ready-made, or proprietary medicines.
NO RELATIONSHIP WITH HUMBUGS.
Had our put-up or proprietary medicines, as sold by druggists the world
over, been adapted to all classes and forms of chronic diseases, there
would have been no necessity for our organizing a competent staff of
physicians and surgeons to act as experts in the treatment of difficult,
obscure, and complicated cases of chronic diseases. That we keep
constantly employed, in our Buffalo and London institutions, eighteen
medical gentlemen, with such helpers as chemists, clerks, etc., is
indisputable proof that the medicines we offer for sale through
druggists should not be classed with the humbug nostrums recommended to
cure everything. They are the outgrowth of our vast and extended
practice in the treatment of chronic diseases; are well-tried,
world-famed, and _honest medicines_. They are not unduly puffed and
lauded, but simply recommended for such diseases as are easily
recognized and which they are _known to cure._
NOT CONFINED IN PRESCRIBING
Our physicians, in the treatment of cases consulting us, prescribe just
such medicines as are adapted to each particular case. _They are not
confined in the least_ to our list of a few put-up or proprietary
medicines (valuable as they are when applicable to the case) but resort
to the whole broad range of the _materia medica_, employed by the most
advanced physicians of the age. They are not hampered by any school,
_ism_ or "_pathy_."
OUR MEDICINES PREPARED WITH THE GREATEST CARE.
The medicines employed are all prepared in our own Laboratory by skilled
chemists and pharmacists, and the greatest care is exercised to have
them manufactured from the freshest and purest ingredients. Our Faculty
probably employ a greater number and variety of native roots, barks, and
herbs, in their practice then are used in any other invalids' resort in
the land. Using vast quantities of these indigenous medicines, we can
afford and do not neglect to have them gathered with great care, at the
proper seasons of the year, so that their medicinal properties may be
most reliable. Too little attention is generally paid to this matter,
and many failures result from the prescribing of worthless medicines by
physicians who have to depend for their supplies upon manufacturers who
are careless or indifferent in obtaining the crude plants and roots from
which to manufacture their medicines for the market. While depending
largely upon solid and fluid extracts of native plants, roots, barks,
and herbs, in prescribing for disease, yet we do not use them to the
exclusion of other valuable curative drugs and chemicals. We aim to be
unprejudiced and independent in our selection of remedies, adopting at
all times a rational system of therapeutics. This liberal course of
action has, in a vast experience, proved most successful.
WORLD'S DISPENSARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION,
663 MAIN STREET, BUFFALO, N.Y.
* * * * *
PRESIDENT GARFIELD'S
ENDORSEMENT OF THE
INVALIDS' HOTEL AND SURGICAL INSTITUTE
_AND ITS FOUNDER._
The following letter from an eminent lawyer of Tennessee, is noteworthy,
inasmuch as it shows the estimation in which Dr. Pierce and the
institutions which he has founded were held by the lamented Garfield,
who was one of the Doctor's intimate friends and colleagues while he was
serving as a member of Congress:
OFFICE OF H.F. COLEMAN,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
SNEEDVILLE, TENN., Aug. 11, 1884
_World's Dispensary Medical Association, 663 Main St., Buffalo, N.Y._
GENTLEMEN:--Your letter of the 31st ult. just received and contents
noted. I am perfectly satisfied with the explanation, and ask pardon for
the sharp letter written you some days since. The mails are very
irregular, as you know, and we are too apt to be impatient and attribute
our mishaps to the wrong cause. Your honesty, integrity and ability are
not doubted in the least by me.
I have, perhaps, a higher endorsement of you than any other patient
under your care, and for your gratification I will give it to you.
Some time since I was in conversation with Congressman Pettibone, of
this State, when the following conversation took place: "You say," said
the Major, "that you have visited Dr. Pierce's medical establishment in
Buffalo, New York?" "Yes, sir, I did." "You found everything as
represented?" "Yes, sir, as was represented, and which I assure you was
quite encouraging to a man who had traveled as far as I had to visit an
institution of that kind." "That man, Dr. Pierce," said the Major, "is
one of the best men of the times. While at Washington, during my first
term," he continued, "one day I was in President Garfield's room and a
fine-looking, broad-foreheaded gentleman came in, and President Garfield
arose and took him by the hand and said, 'Good morning, Doctor, I am so
glad to see you,' and then turned and introduced him to me as Dr.
Pierce, of Buffalo, New York. Knowing the Doctor by reputation, and
having seen his pictures, I at once recognized him. He, in a short time,
left the room, and Garfield said to me, 'Major, that is one of the best
men in the world, and he is at the head of one of the best medical
institutions in the world.'"
With this high endorsement, I have unbounded confidence in your
integrity and ability.
Very truly yours,
H.F. COLEMAN.
* * * * *
NOTICES OF THE PRESS.
* * * * *
OUR PROFESSIONAL STAFF.
The Buffalo _Evening News_ says: "Each and every member of the medical
and surgical staff of the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Institute is a
graduate in medicine and surgery from one or more legally chartered
medical colleges, and several of the members have had many years of
experience as army surgeons, and in hospital and general as well as in
special practice. One is a licentiate of the Royal College of
Physicians, Edinburgh; licentiate of the Faculty of Physicians and
Surgeons, Glasgow; licentiate of midwifery, Glasgow; member of the Royal
College of Surgeons, London, England; extraordinary member of the Royal
Medical Society, Edinburgh, etc. Another is a graduate of the University
of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia; another of the New York Medical
College; another of the Buffalo Medical College, and of the College of
Physicians and Surgeons, New York; another of Cincinnati Medical
College, and of the University of New York; another from Buffalo Medical
College, and diplomas from all these institutions, as well as from many
others equally noted, can be seen at the offices of this institution, if
any one feels any interest in them."
* * * * *
_FROM THE "ROMAN CITIZEN," (ROME, N.Y.)._
THE INVALIDS' HOTEL AND SURGICAL INSTITUTE.
One of the most extensive institutions in this country for the treatment
of chronic ailments is the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Institute at
Buffalo, under the control of the World's Dispensary Medical
Association, of which Dr. R.V. PIERCE is President. The hotel itself is
a wonderful affair, combining all the comforts and conveniences of a
luxurious home with the most complete facilities for the successful
treatment of all chronic diseases incident to humanity. Dr. PIERCE has a
world-wide fame as a skillful practitioner, and his corps of assistants
comprises many physicians and surgeons of great ability and large
experience in the treatment of chronic and surgical diseases. Those who
have been treated by the Association are loud in their praises, and we
understand that the number of its patients increases with each
succeeding year. The country is full of people who have been "doctoring"
year after year without successful results, and the probabilities are
that in a majority of such cases a few months spent at the Invalids'
Hotel and Surgical Institute in the care of its medical experts, would
result in material and permanent benefit.
* * * * *
_FROM THE WASHINGTON (D.C.) CHRONICLE._
ONE OF THE ATTRACTIONS AT BUFFALO.
In the enterprising city of Buffalo some eminent and capable
professional people have established an "Invalids' Hotel and Surgical
Institute," under the comprehensive direction and control of the
"World's Dispensary Medical Association" at 663 Main Street, in that
beautiful city. This Institute is organized with a full staff of
eighteen physicians and surgeons, and the hotel is exclusively devoted
to treatment of chronic diseases. This corps of doctors make a specialty
of chronic maladies, and the Institute is reputed to have abundant
skill, facilities and apparatus for the successful treatment of every
form of chronic ailment, whether requiring for its cure medical or
surgical means.
The building occupied is a massive one of five stories.
* * * * *
_FROM THE MISSOURI REPUBLICAN_ (_ST. LOUIS_).
A REMARKABLE PROFESSIONAL SUCCESS.
Among the notable professional men of this country who have achieved
extraordinary success is Dr. R.V. PIERCE, of Buffalo, N.Y. The
prominence which he has attained has been reached through strictly
legitimate means, and so far, therefore, he deserves the enviable
reputation which he enjoys. This large measure of success is the result
of a thorough and careful preparation for his calling, and extensive
reading during a long and unusually large practice, which has enabled
him to gain high commendation, even from his professional brethren.
Devoting his attention to certain specialties of the science he has so
carefully investigated, he has been rewarded in a remarkable degree. In
these specialties he has become a recognized leader. Not a few of the
remedies prescribed by him have, it is said, been adopted and prescribed
by physicians in their private practice. His pamphlets and larger works
have been received as useful contributions to medical knowledge. He has
recently added another, and perhaps more important work, because of more
general application, to the list of his published writings. This book,
entitled "The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser," is designed to
enter into general circulation. For his labors in this direction, Dr.
PIERCE has received acknowledgments and honors from many sources, and
especially scientific degrees from two of the first medical institutions
in the land. His works have been translated into the German, Spanish,
French, and other foreign languages.
* * * * *
_FROM THE TOLEDO BLADE_.
Dr. PIERCE has now been before the general public long enough to enable
the formation of a careful estimate of the efficiency of his treatment
and his medicines, and the verdict, we are glad to know, has been
universally favorable to both.
* * * * *
_FROM THE ST. LOUIS GLOBE_.
THE SUCCESSFUL PHYSICIAN.
Dr. PIERCE is a type of a class of men who obtain success by careful and
well-directed effort, not attempting too much, nor creating false ideas
as to ability. The only reliable physician, in these days of complicated
disorders and high-pressure living, is the "Specialist," the man who
understands his own branch of the business. Such, in his line, is Dr.
Pierce. He has written a "Common Sense Medical Adviser," which is well
worth reading. With strict business honor, high professional skill,
reasonable fees, and a large corps of competent assistants Dr. Pierce
has made his name as familiar as "household words."
* * * * *
From _the Rocky Mountain Herald_.
Dr. R.V. PIERCE, the greatest American specialist, and proprietor of the
World's Dispensary, Buffalo, N.Y., has sent us his new book entitled
"The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser," which is a handsome, large
volume, elegantly got up, with hundreds of wood-cuts and colored
plates, and a complete cyclopedia of medical teachings for old and young
of both sexes. _It has every thing in it,_ according to the latest
scientific discoveries, and withal is wonderfully _commomensical_ in its
style and teachings.
* * * * *
_From the Lafayette Daily Courier._
Dr. R.V. PIERCE, of Buffalo, distinguished in surgery, and the general
practice of the profession he honors, has made a valuable contribution
to the medical literature of the day, in a comprehensive work entitled
"The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser." While scientific
throughout, it is singularly free from technical and stilted terms. It
comes right down to the common-sense of every-day life, and, to quote
from the author himself, seeks to "inculcate the facts of science rather
than the theories of philosophy." This entertaining and really
instructive work seems to be in harmony with the enlarged sphere of
thought, as touching the open polar sea of evolution. He considers man
in every phase of his existence, from the rayless atom to the grand
upbuilding of the noblest work of God. Dr. PIERCE is a noble specimen of
American manhood. He has sprung from the people, and with many
sympathies in common with the masses, has sought to render them a
substantial service in this the great work of his life.
* * * * *
_From the New York Independent._
LAURELS FOR TRUE WORTH.
"A wise physician, skill'd our wounds to heal,
Is more than armies to the public weal."
To be honored in his own land is the crowning blessing of the man who
has been "the architect of his own fortune"--the man who has made for
himself, with his own hands and brain, a princely fortune and an
enduring fame. From COMLEY'S History of New York State, containing
biographical sketches of the men who "have given wealth, stamina, and
character" to the Empire State, we clip the following brief sketch of
the distinguished physician, Dr. R.V. PIERCE, of Buffalo: "Every nation
owes its peculiar character, its prosperity--in brief, every thing that
distinguishes it as an individual nation,--to the few men belonging to
it who have the courage to step beyond the boundaries prescribed by
partisanship, professional tradition, or social customs. In professional
no less than in political life there occasionally arise men who burst
the fetters of conventionalism, indignantly rejecting the arbitrary
limits imposed upon their activity, and step boldly forward into new
fields of enterprise. We call these men _self-made._ The nation claims
them as her proudest ornaments--the men upon whom she can rely, in peace
for her glory, in war for her succor. Of this class of men the medical
profession has furnished a distinguished example in the successful and
justly-celebrated physician, Dr. R.V. PIERCE, of Buffalo, N.Y., and any
history treating of the industries of the Empire State would be
incomplete without a sketch of his useful and earnest work. * * *
Specially educated for the profession which he so eminently adorns, he
early supplemented his studies by extensive and original research in its
several departments. He brought to his chosen work acute perceptive and
reflective powers, and that indomitable energy that neither shrinks at
obstacles nor yields to circumstances. In physique, Dr. PIERCE is an
ideal type of American manhood. Of medium stature, robust, his
appearance is characterized by a healthful, vigorous vitality, while the
full, lofty brow and handsomely cut features are indicative of that
comprehensive mental power and remarkable business sagacity which have
combined to place him among the distinguished men of the age. * * * As
an earnest worker for the welfare of his fellow-men, Dr. PIERCE has won
their warmest sympathy and esteem. While seeking to be their servant
only, he has become a prince among them. Yet the immense fortune
lavished upon him by a generous people he hoards not, but invests in the
erection and establishment of institutions directly contributive to the
public good, the people thus realizing, in their liberal patronage, a
new meaning of the beautiful Oriental custom of casting bread upon the
waters. Noted in both public and private life for his unswerving
integrity and all those sterling virtues that ennoble manhood, Dr.
PIERCE ranks high among those few men whose names the Empire State is
justly proud to inscribe upon her roll of honor." Dr. PIERCE has lately
erected a palatial Invalids' Hotel for the reception of his patients, at
a cost of over half a million dollars.
* * * * *
A MAN OF THE TIME.
Speaking of Dr. R.V. PIERCE, the _Buffalo_ (N.Y.) _Commercial_ says: "He
came here an unknown man, almost friendless, with no capital except his
own manhood, which, however, included plenty of brains and pluck,
indomitable perseverance, and inborn uprightness, capital enough for any
man in this progressive country, if only he has good health and habits
as well. He had all these great natural advantages, and one thing more,
an excellent education. He had studied medicine and been regularly
licensed to practice as a physician. But he was still a student, fond of
investigation and experiment. He discovered, or invented, important
remedial agencies or compounds. Not choosing to wait wearily for the
sick and suffering to find out (without any body to tell them) that he
could do them good, he advertised his medicines and invited the whole
profession of every school, to examine and pronounce judgment on his
formulas. He advertised liberally, profusely, but with extraordinary
shrewdness, and with a method which is in itself a lesson to all who
seek business by that perfectly legitimate means. His success has been
something marvelous--so great, indeed, that it must be due to intrinsic
merit in the articles he sells, more even than to his unparalleled skill
in the use of printer's ink. The present writer once asked a
distinguished dispensing druggist to explain the secret of the almost
universal demand for Dr. PIERCE'S medicines. He said they were in fact
genuine medicines--such compounds as every good physician would
prescribe for the diseases which they were advertised to cure. Of
course, they cost less than any druggist would charge for the same
article, supplied on a physician's prescription, and, besides, there was
the doctor's fee saved. Moreover, buying the drugs in such enormous
quantities, having perfect apparatus for purifying and compounding the
mixture, he could not only get better articles in the first place, but
present the medicine in better form and cheaper than the same mixture
could possibly be obtained from any other source.
* * * * *
_Extracts from Biographical Sketches of New York Senators._
At the age of eighteen, he (Dr. PIERCE) entered a medical school, and
proved a devoted student, graduating at twenty-three with the highest
honors. A simple knowledge of the routine of practice as then in vogue,
was not enough. He sought new means of healing, and explored "schools"
of practice that were prohibited by his sect. He denounced errors in
the prevailing "schools" and accepted truths belonging to those
prohibited. Every one knows how such daring and destructive innovations
are regarded by the medical profession generally. Dr. PIERCE was no
exception to the rule. But he paid no attention to detraction, pursuing
his own way with that energy which proves now to be a most excellent
ally of his medical instincts.
The World's Dispensary is to-day the greatest institution of its kind in
the world. More than two hundred persons are employed, eighteen being
skillful physicians and surgeons, each devoting himself to a special
branch of the profession, all acting together when required, as a
council. The printing department of the Dispensary is larger than the
similar department of any paper outside of the _New York Herald._
* * * * *
_From The New York Times._
WELL-MERITED SUCCESS.
The author of "The People's Medical Adviser" is well-known to the
American public as a physician of fine attainments, and his Family
Medicines are favorite remedies in thousands of our households. As a
counselor and friend, Dr. PIERCE is a cultured, courteous gentleman. He
has devoted all his energies to the alleviation of human suffering. With
this end in view and his whole heart in his labors, he has achieved
marked and merited success. There can be no real success without true
merit. That his success is _real_, is evidenced by the fact that his
reputation, as a man and physician, does not deteriorate; and the fact
that there is a steadily increasing demand for his medicines, proves
that they are not nostrums, but reliable remedies for disease. The
various departments of the World's Dispensary in which his Family
Medicines are compounded and his special prescriptions prepared, are
provided with all modern facilities.
* * * * *
_The New York Tribune says:_
"The American mind is active. It has given us books of fiction for the
sentimentalist, learned books for the scholar and professional student,
but _few books for the people_. A book _for the people_ must relate to a
subject of universal interest. Such a subject is the physical man, and
such a book 'The People's Common Sense Medical Adviser,' a copy of which
has been recently laid on our table. The high professional attainments
of its author,--Dr. R.V. PIERCE, of Buffalo, N.Y.,--and the advantages
derived by him from an extensive practice, should alone insure for his
work a cordial reception." Price $1.50, post-paid. Address, WORLD'S
DISPENSARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION, Buffalo, N.Y.
* * * * *
_From The Boston Daily Globe._
A CURE FOR MANY EVILS.
What can be accomplished by judicious enterprise, when backed up by
ability and professional skill, is shown by the magnificent buildings of
the World's Dispensary and the Invalids' Hotel and Surgical Institute,
at Buffalo. While models of architectural beauty and completeness, their
real worth and usefulness consist rather in the humanitarian objects
they are made to serve. They stand superior to all institutions of their
kind, not only in material proportions but as well in the medical
knowledge and practical experience of those connected with them. In each
department are those and those only who by natural bent and training are
specially adapted to combating their particular class of "the ills which
flesh is heir to."
VOCABULARY
OF THE
COMMON SENSE MEDICAL ADVISER,
_GIVING EACH TECHNICAL WORD EMPLOYED, REFERRING TO ITS IMAGES/ADVISE
WHEN POSSIBLE, AND IN CASE THE WORD WILL NOT PERMIT OF A SHORT
DEFINITION, REFERRING TO THE PAGE WHERE A FULL DESCRIPTION OF ITS
MEANING MAY BE FOUND._
A
ABDOMEN. The part of the body between the diaphragm and pelvis,
containing the stomach, intestines, etc. The belly.
ABDOMINAL. Belonging to the Abdomen.
ABORTION. Expulsion of the foetus before the seventh month of pregnancy.
ABSORPTION. The function of taking up substances from within or without
the body.
ACETABULUM. The bone socket which receives the head of the thigh bone.
ACNE. Pimples upon the face, more common at the age of puberty.
ADIPOSE TISSUE. A thin membrane composed of cells which contain fat.
ADVENTITIOUS. Acquired.
ALBUMEN IN URINE in chemical composition resembles the white of an egg,
and is detected by the application of heat, nitric acid, etc.
ALBUMINOID. Of the nature of albumen.
ALBUMINURIA. A condition or disease in which the urine contains albumen.
(See above.)
ALIMENTARY CANAL. The canal extending from the mouth to the anus,
through which the food passes.
ALLOPATHY. Allopathic school. Defined on page 293.
ALTERATIVE. A medicine which gradually changes the constitution,
restoring healthy functions.
ALVEOLAR PROCESS. The bony structure which contains the sockets of the
teeth.
AMAUROSIS. Loss or decay of sight from disease of the optic nerve.
AMENORRHEA. Suppression of the menses.
AMNION. A membrane enveloping the foetus and the liquid.
AMPUTATION. The operation of cutting off a limb.
AMYLOID DEGENERATION. Alteration in the texture of organs, which
resembles wax or lard.
AMYLOIDS. Foods composed of carbon and hydrogen; as sugar, starch, etc.
ANÆMIA. Privation of blood. Lack of red corpuscles in the blood.
ANASARCA. Dropsy attended with bloating all over the body.
ANATOMY. The science of the structure of the body.
ANESTHETIC. An agent that prevents feeling in surgical operations, and
in some diseases of a painful nature.
ANGINA (PECTORIS). Violent pain about the heart, attended with anxiety
and difficult breathing.
ANIMALCULA, ANIMALCULE. An animal so small as to be invisible, or nearly
so, to the naked eye.
ANODYNES. Medicines which relieve pain.
ANTEVERSION. The womb falling forward upon the bladder. Illus. p. 716.
ANTHELMINTICS. Medicines which destroy or expel worms from the stomach
and intestines.
ANTIDOTE. A remedy to counteract the effect of poison.
ANTIFEBRILE. A remedy which abates fever.
ANTIPERIODIC. A remedy which prevents the regular appearance of similar
symptoms in the course of a disease.
ANTISEPTIC. Medicines which prevent putrefaction.
ANTISPASMODICS. Medicines which relieve spasm.
ANUS. The circular opening at the end of the bowel, through which the
excrement leaves the body.
AORTA. The great artery of the body arising from the heart. Illus. page
58.
APERIENT. A medicine which moves the bowels gently.
APHTHÆ. Sore mouth, beginning in pimples and ending in white ulcers.
APHTHOUS. Complicated with aphthæ.
APNOEA. Short, hurried breathing.
APOPLEXY. The effects of a sudden rush of blood to an organ; as the
brain, lungs, etc. Brain pressure, from rupture of a blood-vessel.
AQUEOUS HUMOR. The clear fluid contained in the front chambers of the
eye.
ARACHNOID. A thin, spider-web like membrane covering the brain.
AREOLAR TISSUE. The network of delicate fibres spread over the body,
binding the various organs and parts together.
ARTERY. A vessel carrying blood from the heart to the various parts of
the body; usually red in color.
ARTICULAR. Relating to the joints.
ARTICULATED. Jointed.
ARTICULATIONS. The union of one bone with another. A Joint.
ASCITES. Accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity.
ASPHYXIA. A condition of apparent death owing to the supply of air being
cut off; as in drowning, inhalation of gases, sun-stroke, etc.
ASPIRATOR. An instrument for the evacuation of fluids from the cavities
of the body, as water in abdominal dropsy, the contents of tumors, etc.
ASSIMILATION. Appropriating and transforming into its own substance,
matters foreign to the body.
ASTRINGENTS. Medicines which contract the flesh.
ATONIC, ATONY. Wanting tone.
ATROPHIED. Wasted; lessened in bulk.
ATROPHY. Wasting away; diminution in size.
AUDITORY NERVES. The nerves connecting the brain with the ears and
employed in exercising the sense of hearing.
AUSCULTATION. Diagnosing diseases by listening, either with or without
instruments.
B
BALANITIS. Gonorrhea of the mucous surface of the head of the penis.
BENIGN. Harmless; a term applied to tumors.
BEVERAGE. A liquor for drinking.
BILE. A yellow bitter fluid secreted by the liver. Defined on page 80.
BILIOUS. Disordered in respect to bile. Relating to bile.
BILIOUS TEMPERAMENT, VOLITIVE TEMPERAMENT. See page 173.
BIOLOGY. The science of life.
BISTOURY. A small cutting knife.
BLADDER (URINARY). The organ, situated behind the pubic bone, which
holds the urine until its expulsion. Illus. pages 206 and 207.
BLEBS. Eminences of the skin containing a watery fluid.
BLOODY-FLUX. A disease characterized by frequent, scanty, and _bloody_
stools.
BOIL. An inflamed tumor which comes to a head and discharges matter and
a core. See page 443.
BOLUS. A large pill.
BOUGIE. A long, flexible instrument used for dilating contracted canals
and passages.
BREACH. Some form of hernia of the abdomen. See page 862.
BROAD LIGAMENTS OF THE UTERUS. Folds of the peritoneum which support the
womb and contain the Fallopian tubes and ovaries. Illus. p. 206.
BRONCHEA. Tubes formed by the division of the windpipe. Illus. page 64.
BRONCHOCELE. Thick neck, goitre.
BUBO. An inflammatory tumor in the groin.
BULLA. A bleb or large pimple containing transparent fluid.
C
CACHEXIA. A depraved condition of the system; as from poor food,
syphilis, etc.
CALCAREOUS. Containing lime.
CALCIFICATION. The process of forming of, or converting into, chalk.
CALCULUS, CALCULI. Stones or similar concretions formed by the deposit
of solid matter; of lime, soda, uric acid, urates, oxalates, etc.
CALISTHENICS. Healthful exercise of the body and limbs, for purposes of
strength and agility.
CANCELLATED STRUCTURE. Cells communicating with each other forming a
structure resembling "lattice-work."
CANKER. Ulcers in the mouth.
CAPILLARIES. Very small blood-vessels. Defined on page 60.
CARBONIC ACID. A heavy, poisonous gas. Choke damp.
CARDIAC. Pertaining to the heart. Near or towards the heart.
CARMINATIVES. Medicines which allay pain in the stomach and intestines
by expelling the gas.
CAROTIDS. The great arteries at the sides of the neck.
CARTILAGE. A solid part of the body found in the joints, ends of the
ribs, etc. It is softer than bone but harder than ligament.
CARTILAGINOUS TISSUE. Parts of the body of the nature of cartilage.
CARUNCULÆ. Fleshy growths.
CASEIN. The part of milk which contains nitrogen. Cheese curd.
CATALYTICS. Medicines which destroy morbid agencies in the blood.
Alteratives.
CATAMENIA. Monthly flow of the female.
CATARACT. Opacity of the lens of the eye, or its covering, or both.
CATHARTICS. Medicines which cause evacuation of the bowels.
CATHETER. A hollow tube introduced into the bladder through the urethra
for the purpose of drawing off the urine.
CAUSTICS. Substances which destroy animal tissue.
CAUTERIZATION. Burning or searing by a hot iron, or caustic medicines.
CAUTERIZE. To burn or sear by a hot iron, or by medicines which destroy.
CELL. A little vessel having a membranous wall and containing fluid. The
whole body may be considered as formed of different kinds of cells.
CELLULAR STRUCTURE. See CANCELLATED STRUCTURE.
CEREBELLUM. Little brain. Base brain. Illus. page 100.
CEREBRUM. The upper or large brain. Illus. page 100.
CERVIX. Neck; neck of the womb. Illus. page 206.
CHALYBEATE. Mineral waters which contain iron.
CHANCRE. A virulent, syphilitic ulcer. Figs. 27 and 28, Plate V.,
Pamphlet X.
CHANCROID. Resembling infectious chancre. Soft chancre.
CHLOROSIS. Green sickness. A disease of young women attended with a
greenish hue of the skin, debility, etc.
CHOLAGOGUES. Cathartics which stimulate the liver.
CHORDÆ TENDINEÆ. Cord-like substances about the valves of the heart.
See page 57.
CORDEE.
CHOROID. The dark colored lining membrane of the eye.
CHYLE. Food digested and ready for absorption. See pages 45 and 49.
CHYLOUS PRODUCTS. See CHYLE.
CHYME. Food after being subjected to the action of the gastric fluids.
CICATRIX. The scar or place where parts which have been cut or divided,
are united.
CILIA. Small hairs.
CIRCUMCISION. An operation for removing superfluous foreskin.
CIRCUMVALLATE. Arranged in oblique lines, as the prominences on the back
of the tongue.
CLAP. Gonorrhea. A venereal disease of the urethra.
CLAVICLE. See COLLAR-BONE.
CLINICAL MEDICINE. Investigation of disease at the bedside.
COAGULATE. To thicken or harden, as heat hardens the white of an egg.
COITION. Sexual intercourse. The act of generation.
COLLAR-BONE (CLAVICLE). A bone at the front and top of chest, attached
by one end to the breast-bone and by the other to the shoulder-blade.
COLON. Part of the large intestines. Illus. page 40.
COMA. A condition of profound sleep from which it is difficult to arouse
the patient.
COMEDONES. Pimples on the face. See page 412, and Fig. 8. Plate II.
COMPRESS. A soft cloth folded to several thicknesses, so that with a
bandage pressure can be applied, or by wetting in hot water, a part can
be subjected to the influences of heat and moisture.
CONCEPTION. Impregnation of the ovum; the beginning of a new being.
CONGENITAL. Applied to a disease born with one; from birth.
CONGESTION. An abnormal amount of blood in a part or organ.
CONJUNCTIVA. The membrane which covers the external surface of the
eyeball.
CONJUNCTIVITIS. Inflammation of the eye.
CONTAGION. The transmission of disease from one to another by contact,
as hydrophobia, syphilis; or otherwise, as measles, scarlet fever, etc.
CONTAGIOUS. Capable of being transmitted from one person to another.
CONTINENCE. Abstinence from sexual intercourse or excitement.
CONVALESCENCE. The recovery of health after sickness.
CONVOLUTED. Curved or rolled together.
COPULATION. Sexual intercourse.
CORIUM. A layer of the akin.
CORNEA. A transparent covering of the front of the eye.
CORPUSCLES OF THE BLOOD. Defined and illustrated on page 53.
COUNTER-IRRITANTS. Defined on page 331.
COWPER'S GLANDS OF THE MALE. Glands situated in front of the prostate
gland. Illus. page 207.
COXALGIA. Hip-joint disease. See page 451.
CRANIUM. The skull. The bones of the head.
CRAYONS. Sticks or cylinders made of Cocoa butter and medicated.
CROSS-EYE. One or both eyes drawn towards the nose. Squint.
CRUSTACEOUS. Belonging to the class of animals covered by a crust-like
shell.
CUTANEOUS. Belonging to, or affecting, the skin.
CUTICLE. The outer layer of the skin, consisting of small bony scales.
CYSTITIS. Inflammation of the bladder. In chronic form, Catarrh of the
bladder.
D
DEBRIS. Broken-down tissue. Waste material.
DECOCTION. Defined on page 303.
DEFECATION. Voiding excrement from the body.
DEGENERATION, FATTY. The deposit of particles of fat instead of the
proper muscular tissue.
DEGLUTITION. Swallowing. Conveying food to the stomach.
DEJECTION OF MIND. Despondency. Low spirits.
DEJECTIONS. The matter voided from the bowels.
DELETERIOUS. Destructive. Poisonous.
DENTITION. Cutting of the teeth in infancy.
DEODORIZER. A substance that destroys a bad smell.
DEPLETION. To empty the blood-vessels by lancing a vein or by medicines.
DEPRAVATION. Corruption.
DEPURATING. Cleansing.
DERMATOLOGIST. One who makes diseases of the skin a specialty.
DESICCATE. To dry up.
DESQUAMATION. Scaling off of the skin, after fevers.
DESQUAMATIVE NEPHRITIS, Bright's Disease, in which epithelial cells
escape with the urine.
DIABETES. Defined on page 835.
DIAGNOSIS. The determination of a disease by its symptoms or
characteristics.
DIAGNOSTIC. The symptoms by which a disease is distinguished from
others.
DIAPHORETIC. Medicines which increase perspiration.
DIAPHRAGM. Defined on page 32.
DIATHESIS. Peculiarity of constitution. Predisposition to certain
diseases.
DIGESTION. The function by which food passing along the alimentary canal
is prepared for nutrition.
DILATATION. Increasing in size by Instruments or other agencies.
DILUENTS. Fluids which thin the blood or hold medicines in solution.
DIRECTOR. An instrument having a groove which directs the knife and
protects underlying parts from injury.
DISINFECTANTS. Substances which arrest putrefaction.
DISLOCATION. The act of or state of, being forced from its proper
situation.
DISTILLED. Separated by heat from other substances and collected by
condensation.
DIURETICS. Medicines which increase the flow of urine.
DOUCHE. Dashes of water. An instrument for washing the nasal membrane.
DRASTICS. Medicines which move the bowels harshly or frequently.
DROPSY. The accumulation of fluid In the cavities or cellular tissue of
the body.
DUODENUM. The first portion of the intestines. Illus. page 44.
DURA MATER. A thick, fibrous membrane lining the skull.
DYSCRASIA. A bad condition of body.
DYSENTERY. A disease characterized by frequent, scanty and _bloody_
stools.
DYSMENORRHEA. Difficult or painful menstruation.
DYSPNOEA. Difficult breathing.
E
EAR, INTERNAL. Defined on page 110. Illus. page 109.
EARTHY PHOSPHATES. The white deposit in urine, composed of phosphoric
acid and a base.
ECCHYMOSIS. Black or yellow spots produced by effused blood. Black eye
Is an example.
ECLECTIC SCHOOL. See page 294.
ECRASEUR. An instrument which amputates by a loop of wire.
ECZEMATOUS. Of the nature of Eczema. See page 430.
EDEMA (OEDEMA). Puffiness of the skin from the accumulation of fluid.
General dropsy.
EFFLUVIA. Unpleasant odors or exhalations.
EFFUSION. The pouring out of blood or other fluid.
ELECTROLYSIS. Decomposing or modifying by the application of
electricity.
ELIMINATED. Discharged, expelled.
EMACIATION. Leanness in flesh.
EMBRYO. The young of an animal at the beginning of its development in
the womb.
EMETICS. Medicines which empty the stomach upwards.
EMMENAGOGUES. Medicines which favor or cause menstruation.
EMPIRICISM. Practicing medicine upon results of experience, generally by
a person without a medical education.
ENCEPHALIC TEMPERAMENT. Defined on page 177.
ENDOCARDITIS. Inflammation of the lining membrane of the heart.
ENDOCARDIUM. The lining membrane of the heart
ENDOMETRLTLS. Disease of the lining membrane of the womb.
ENTERIC. Intestinal.
ENTERITIS. Inflammation of the mucous lining of the small intestines.
EPIDEMICS. Diseases which attack a number of persons at the name time:
as yellow fever, small-pox, etc.
EPIGLOTTIS. A cap over the windpipe, allowing the admission of air, but
preventing the introduction of foreign bodies.
EPITHELIAL CELLS. Cells belonging to the epithelium.
EPITHELIUM. The thin covering upon the lips, nipple, mucous and serous
membranes and lining the ducts, blood-vessels and other canals.
ESOPHAGUS (OESOPHAGUS). The food-pipe. Illus. page 44.
EUSTACHLAN TUBE. The tube leading from the throat to the inner ear.
Illus, page 109.
EVACUAUT. Cathartic.
EVOLUTION. Defined on page 14.
EXCORIATES. Removes the skin in part.
EXCORIATION. A wound which removes some of the skin.
EXCREMENTITIOUS. Pertaining to the matter evacuated from the body.
EXCRESCENCES. Surface tumors; as warts, piles, polypi, etc.
EXCRETION. The process by which waste materials are removed from the
blood, performed particularly by the lungs, skin and kidneys.
EXCRETORY DUCTS. Minute vessels which transmit fluid from glands.
EXHALATIONS. That which is thrown off by the body, as vapor, gases, etc.
EXPECTORANTS. Medicines which promote discharges from the lungs.
EXPIRATION. Expelling the breath.
EXTRANEOUS MATTER. Any substance which finds a place in the body and
does not belong there. Foreign substances.
EXTRA-UTERINE. Outside of the womb, but in its vicinity.
EXTRAVASATED. Escaped into surrounding tissues.
EXTREMITIES. Legs or arms.
EXUDATION. Substances discharged through the pores.
EXUDE. To sweat; to pass through a membrane.
F
FALLOPIAN TUBE. The canal through which the ovum passes from the ovary
to the womb.
FARADIZATION. The application of electricity by inductive currents.
FASCIA. The white fibrous expansion of a muscle which binds parts
together.
FATTY DEGENERATION. The deposit of particles of fat instead of proper
muscular tissue.
FEBRIFUGE. A medicine which abates or cures fevers.
FEBRILE. Relating to fever.
FECUNDATION. The ovum uniting with the male germ. Impregnation.
FEMORAL HERNIA. Thigh hernia. Illus. page 863.
FERMENTED. Changed by a process of decomposition.
FERRUGINOUS. Containing iron.
FETID. Having an offensive smell. Stinking.
FETOR. Offensive smell. Stench.
FIBROUS. Composed of fibres.
FIBROUS TISSUE. The texture which unites every part of the body.
FILAMENTS. Fibre; the basis of texture.
FIMBRIATED. Finger-like.
FIRST INTENTION, HEALING BY. Healing without suppuration or the
formation of pus.
FISSURE. A crack.
FISTULA: FISTULÆ. Small canals or tubes which carry pus or other
liquids through the flesh.
FISTULA, URINARY. The abnormal communication between the urinary
passages and the external surface.
FISTULOUS OPENINGS. The outer end of canals or tubes which carry pus to
the surface.
FLATULENCY. Wind gathered in the stomach or bowels.
FLEXION OF THE WOMB. A partial misplacement in which the womb is bent
upon itself.
FLEXURES. Bending. Motion of a joint.
FLOCCULENT. Combining or adhering in flocks or flakes.
FLUID EXTRACTS. The active principles of medicines in fluid form.
FOETUS. The unborn child.
FOLLICLES (OF HAIR). Small depressions in the skin.
FOLLICULAR. Relating to or affecting follicles.
FOMENTATIONS. Local application of cloths wrung out of hot water.
FORCEPS. An instrument having a motion and use like the thumb and
fore-finger. Pincers. Obstetrical forceps embrace the head of the
foetus.
FORESKIN. That part of the skin of the penis which is prolonged over the
head of the organ.
FORMICATION. A sensation like a number of ants creeping on a part.
FRACTURE. Broken bone. _In compound fracture_ the end of the bone
projects through the skin.
FUNCTION. The peculiar action of an organ, or part of the body.
FUNCTIONAL. Pertaining to the specific action of an organ or part.
FUNDUS. The bottom or base of an organ. The fundus of the womb is its
upper part, when in its natural position.
FUNGIFORM. Mushroom-shaped.
G
GALVANISM. Electricity.
GALVANO-CAUTERY. Burning or scarring by galvanic electricity.
GANGLION. A nerve center which forms and distributes nerve-power.
GANGRENE. Death of a part.
GASTRIC. Pertaining to the stomach.
GASTRIC JUICE. The digestive fluid supplied by the mucous membrane of
the stomach.
GELATINOUS. Jelly-like.
GENERATION. The functions which are active in reproduction.
GENITALS. The sexual organs.
GESTATION. Carrying the embryo in the uterus.
GLANS. Head of the penis.
GONORRHEA. A discharge of mucous from inflammation of the urethra or
vagina, caused by impure connection. Clap.
GRANULAR CASTS. Moulds of epithelium found by the microscope in chronic
Bright's Disease.
GRANULAR LIDS. Roughness on the inner surface of the eyelids.
GRANULATIONS HEAL BY. See GRANULATIONS.
GRANULATIONS. Flesh-like shoots, which appear in a wound and form its
scar.
GRANULES. Small grains.
GRAVEL. Substances precipitated in the urine resembling sand.
GROIN. The oblique depression between the belly and thigh.
GRUBS. Pimples on the face. See page 442.
GYNECOLOGIST. One who makes the Diseases of Women a specialty.
H
HAIR BULBS. The expansion or root of the hair.
HALLUCINATIONS. Perception or sensation of objects which do not exist;
as in Tremens.
HECTIC. Constitutional; as hectic fever, in which all parts of the body
become emaciated.
HEMIPLEGIA. Paralysis affecting only one side of the body.
HEMORRHOIDAL VEINS. The veins about the rectum which enlarge and form
piles.
HEPATIC. Relating or belonging to the liver.
HEREDITARY. A disease transmitted from parent to child.
HERNIA. Defined on page 862.
HOLLOW OF THE SACRUM. The concave portion of the lower part of the
spinal column within the pelvis.
HOMEOPATHY. Defined on page 294.
HYALINE CASTS. Glassy appearing substances found by the microscope in
urine in chronic Bright's Disease.
HYDRAGOGUES. Cathartics which produce copious watery discharges.
HYDROCELE. Accumulation of fluid in the scrotum.
HYDROCEPHALUS. Accumulation of fluid in the membranes about the brain.
HYDROTHORAX. Accumulation of fluid in the chest cavities.
HYGIENE. The principles or rules for the promotion or preservation of
health.
HYMEN. Described on page 687. HYPERSEMIA. Full of blood. Congestion.
HYPERTROPHY. Enlargement, thickening.
HYPOCHONDRIAC. A person, usually dyspeptic, who is unreasonably gloomy,
particularly about his health.
HYPODERMIC SYRINGE. An instrument having a very fine tube and
needle-like point, by which medicines are lodged immediately under the
skin.
HYSTEROTOME. An instrument described and illustrated on page 696.
I
IDIOPATHIC. Primary: not depending on another disease.
ILLICIT. Not permitted; unlawful.
ILLUSIONS. See HALLUCINATIONS.
IMPACTED. Wedged. Applied to feces which have remained in the rectum a
long time.
IMPERFORATE. Without a natural opening.
IMPOTENCY. Loss of sexual power.
IMPREGNATION. Imparting the vital principle of the sperm-cell to the
germ-cell, by which a new being is created.
INCIPIENT. Commencement; first stage.
INDEPENDENT PHYSICIAN. Defined on page 295.
INDIGENOUS. Native. Grows in a country.
INDOLENT. Painless; a term applied to tumors.
INDURATION. Hardening of a part or organ.
INFECTION. A prevailing disease. A disease spread only by contact, as
itch, syphilis, etc.
INFILTRATION. The passage of fluid into the cellular tissue; as in
General Dropsy.
INFLAMMATION. Defined on page 398.
INFUSION. Defined on page 303.
INGUINAL CANAL. A canal situated in the groin, through which the
spermatic cord passes. The common seat of Hernia. Illus. page 862.
INOCULATE. To communicate a disease by inserting matter in the flesh; as
by vaccination.
INORGANIC. Mineral. Bodies without organs.
INSALIVATION. Mixed with the saliva of the mouth, as food.
INSEMINATION. The emission of sperm in coition.
INSPIRATION. Drawing in the breath.
INTEGUMENT. The skin.
INTENTION, HEALING BY FIRST. Healing without the formation of pus.
INTERCOSTAL. Between the ribs.
INTERMITTENT. Having paroxysms or intervals.
INTERNAL EAR. Described on page 110; Illus. page 109.
INTUSSUSCEPTION. One part of the intestines forced into another part.
INVAGINATION. See INTUSSUSCEPTION
IRIDECTOMY. A surgical operation for the removal of the Iris.
IRIS. A curtain which gives the eye its color.
ISOLATION. Separation from others.
K.
KADESH-BARNEA. The holy place in the desert of wandering; the
headquarters of the Israelites for 37 years.
L
LABORATORY. The work-room of a chemist or pharmacist.
LACERATION. A wound made by tearing.
LACHRYMAL. Belonging to the tears.
LACHRYMAL GLANDS. Minute organs about the eyes which secrete tears.
LACTATION. The act of giving suck.
LACTEALS. The vessels of the breast which convey milk.
LAMELLA. Layer.
LAMINAE. Thin bones, or the thin parts of a bone.
LANCINATING. Acute, shooting pains fancifully compared to the pierce of
a lance.
LARYNX. That portion of the air-passage indicated in the male by "Adam's
Apple."
LASCIVIOUS. Lustful; producing unchaste emotions.
LATERAL OPERATION. Cutting through the perinæum into the bladder.
LAXATIVES. Medicines which move the bowels gently.
LESION. Derangement. Tearing or other division of parts, previously
continuous.
LEUCORRHEA. Described on page 702.
LIBERAL PHYSICIAN. Defined on page 295.
LIGAMENT. A white inelastic tendon binding bones together.
LIGATION. See LIGATURE.
LIGATURE. A cord or catgut tied around a blood-vessel to arrest
hemorrhage.
LINE. One-twelfth part of an inch.
LITHIC DEPOSITS. Sediment or stone formed in the urine by uric acid.
LOBES. Bound projecting parts of an organ; as lobes of the lungs, of the
liver, etc.
LOIN. The side of the body between the hip-bone and ribs.
LOTION. A wash.
LUMBAGO. Rheumatism in the small of the back and loins.
LUMBAR VERTEBRÆ. That part of the backbone in the vicinity of the loins.
LYMPH. A transparent fluid, resembling blood, found in lymphatic
vessels. It contains corpuscles and coagulates.
LYMPHATICS. Defined on page 49.
LYMPHATIC TEMPERAMENT. Described on page 157.
M
MALARIA. See MIASM.
MALFORMATION. Irregularity in structure.
MALIGNANT. Applied to diseases which threaten life.
MAMMÆ. See MAMMARY GLANDS.
MAMMALIA. Animals that suckle their young.
MAMMARY GLANDS. The breasts or organs which secrete milk.
MANIPULATIONS. Examination and treatment by the hand.
MASSAGE. Kneading, rubbing and stroking the surface to improve
circulation and nutrition and to remove effete material.
MASTICATION. Chewing.
MASTURBATION. Excitement of the sexual organs by the hand.
MEATUS. Canal or passage. External opening of a canal.
MEDIAN SECTION. An operation for stone in the bladder in which the
perineum and part of the urethra are cut; the prostatic portion of the
urethra is dilated to introduce forceps and withdraw the stone.
MEDULLA OBLONGATA. Described on page 90; illus. page 96.
MELANCHOLIA. A mild form of insanity attended with great gloom and
mental depression.
MEMBRANOUS. Of the nature or construction of membrane.
MENINGES. Membranes covering the brain.
MENORRHAGIA. Immoderate monthly flow.
MENSES. Monthly flow of the female. See page 686.
MENSTRUATION. The bloody evacuation from the womb.
MENSTRUUM. A solvent; as water, alcohol, etc.
MESENTERIC GLANDS. Glands about the peritoneum which secrete lymph.
MESENTERY. Described on page 49.
MIASM, MIASMA. A poisonous, gaseous exhalation from decaying vegetation,
or from the earth.
MIDWIVES. Females who attend women at childbirth.
MISCARRIAGE. Defined on page 682.
MOLECULE. A minute portion of any body.
MONADS. The smallest of all visible animalcules.
MONOMANIA. Insanity on one subject.
MUCO-PURULENT. Composed of mucus and pus.
MUCOUS MEMBRANE. The thin, web-like lining to the canals and cavities
which secretes a fluid by which it is constantly lubricated.
MUCUS. A mucilaginous fluid found on the surface of certain membranes
which keeps them soft and pliable. See MUCOUS MEMBRANE.
MUSCLE. The structures of the body which execute movements.
MUSCULAR TISSUE. The flesh forming the muscles of the body.
MYALGIA. Muscular rheumatism.
N
NARCOTICS. Medicines which stupefy.
NECROSIS. Mortification or death of bone.
NERVINES. Defined on page 345.
NERVOUS TISSUE. That part of the body composed of nerve-fibres.
NEURALGIA. Described on page 635.
NICOTIN. A poisonous principle of tobacco.
NITROGEN. One of the gases in the atmosphere.
NODES. Hard lumps, principally found upon the bones in syphilis.
NOXIOUS. Injurious.
NYMPHOMANIA. Extreme desire for sexual intercourse in the female.
O
OBSTETRICAL. Relating or appertaining to childbirth.
OCCLUSION. Approximation or closure.
OEDEMA. See EDEMA.
OLFACTORY NERVE. The nerve employed in the sense of smell. Illus. page
111.
ONANISM. See MASTURBATION
OPACITY. Opaque condition of parts of the eye, causing blindness.
OPALESCENT. Reflecting a milky light.
OPAQUE. See OPACITY.
OPHTHALMIA. Inflammation of the eye.
OPHTHALMIC. Belonging to the eye.
OPHTHALMOSCOPE. An instrument for examining the inside of the eye, for
diagnostic purposes.
OPTIC NERVE. The nerve connecting the brain and eye, and employed in the
sense of sight.
ORGANIC. Pertaining to the structure of an organ.
ORIFICE. Opening or mouth.
OSSEOUS TISSUE. Bony structure.
OSSIFICATION, OSSIFYING. Made into bone by the deposit of phosphate of
lime.
OS UTERI. Mouth of womb. Illus. page 206.
OVA. Plural of ovum.
OVARIES. Two ovoid bodies situated either side of the womb. Illus. page
206.
OVARY. The female organ in which the ovum, or germ-cell, is formed.
Illus, page 206.
OVULATION. The formation of the germ-cell in the ovary and its release
from that organ.
OVUM. Defined and illustrated on pages 12 and 13.
OXYGEN. The vital gas of the atmospheric air.
OZÆNA. Described on page 474.
P
PALLIATIVE. A remedy or treatment which relieves, but does not cure.
PAPILLA, PAPILLAE. Small, nipple-shaped prominences found on the tongue,
the skin, etc.
PARAPLEGIA. Paralysis affecting the upper or lower extremities of the
body
PARASITES. Animals which live in the bodies of other animals; as the
tape-worm itch insect, etc.
PARENCHYMA. The texture of an organ; as the liver, kidneys, etc.
PAROTID GLANDS. These are situated under the ear, just at the angle of
the lower jaw, and secrete saliva.
PAROXYSMS. The periodical attack, fit or aggravation in the course of a
disease.
PARTURIENT. Bringing forth or having recently brought forth.
PARTURITION. Labor; the delivery of the foetus.
PASTILES. Small medicated lozenges.
PATHOGNOMONIC. A _characteristic_ symptom of a disease.
PATHOLOGY. That part of the Science of Medicine the object of which is
the knowledge of disease.
PEDICLE. The stalk or narrow part of a tumor by which it is attached and
supported.
PELVIC. Belonging to and relating to the pelvis.
PELVIS. The lower part of the abdomen or trunk, composed of bone,
containing the genital and urinary organs; supports the backbone and is
supported by the legs.
PENIS. The male organ of generation. Illus. page 207.
PEPSIN. The digestive solvent secreted by the stomach.
PEPTIC. Pertaining to the stomach.
PERCUSSION. Striking the surface and by the sound produced judging of
the condition of the internal organs.
PERICARDITIS. Described on page 548.
PERICARDIUM. The membranous sac enclosing the heart.
PERINEAL SECTION. An operation by division of the perineum.
PERINEUM. The space bounded by the end of the spine, sexual organs and
the bony prominences on which one sits.
PERIOSTIUM. The membranous covering to all bones.
PERISTALTIC MOTION. A worm-like movement of the bowels by which the food
is moved forward.
PERITONEUM. The membrane (serous) which lines the abdominal cavities and
surrounds the intestines.
PERITONITIS. Inflammation of serous membrane lining abdominal and pelvic
cavities.
PESSARIES, PESSARY. An instrument for holding the womb in its place.
PESTILENCE. A malignant, spreading disease. A plague.
PHAGADENIC. That which corrodes or eats away rapidly.
PHARMACEUTICAL. Anything belonging to pharmacy.
PHARYNX. The cavity back of the mouth and palate through which the air
passes when breathing and the food when swallowing.
PHIMOSIS. Elongated prepuce
PHLEGMONOUS. Affecting the cellular membrane. The common boil is an
example.
PHOSPHATE. A substance containing phosphorus.
PHOSPHATES, EARTHY. The white deposit in urine composed of phosphoric
acid and a base.
PHTHISIC. Consumption. By some the word is used for Asthma, or
difficulty in breathing.
PHTHISIS. Consumption. See p. 497.
PHYSIOLOGICAL ANATOMY. The branch of medicine that defines the organs of
the body and their particular actions.
PHYSIOLOGY. The science which treats of the phenomena and functions of
animal life.
PIA MATER. The internal vascular membrane covering the brain.
PIMPLES ON THE FACE. Defined on page 443.
PLACENTA. Afterbirth.
PLAGUE. A malignant epidemic; begins in Asia Minor.
PLETHORA, PLETHORIC. Full of blood; maybe general or confined to a part.
PLEURA. Defined on page 64.
PLEURODYNIA. Spasmodic or rheumatic pain in the chest muscles.
PLEURO-PNEUMONIA. Inflammation of both the pleura and lungs.
POLLUTION (SELF). Excitement of the sexual organs by the hand or other
unnatural method.
POLYP. An aquatic animal, as the coral builders.
POLYPI. More than one polypus.
POLYPOID. Like a polypus in shape or construction.
POLYPUS. Tumors which grow from mucous membranes, commonly found in the
nasal and vaginal cavities.
PORTAL VESSELS. The cluster of veins which join and enter the liver.
POTT'S DISEASE. Described on page 898; illus. pages 898 and 899.
POULTICE. A mixture of bread or meal, etc., and hot water, spread on a
cloth and applied to the surface.
POX. Syphilis.
PRECOCITY. Prematurely developed.
PREHENSION. Carrying food to the mouth.
PREPUCE. Foreskin.
PROBANG. Soft swab.
PROBE. An instrument for examining wounds and cavities. A piece of wire
with a blunt point is a probe.
PROCREATION. Production or generation of offspring.
PROGNOSIS. Opinion of the future course of a disease.
PROLAPSUS. A falling down of an organ through an orifice, as the womb,
bowel, etc.
PROPHYLACTIC. Preventive.
PROPRIETARY MEDICINES. Described on page 298.
PROSTATE GLAND. Described on page 778 and illus. on page 207.
PROTEIDS. goods composed Of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen: as
the white of an egg.
PROTOZOÖN. First life; life in the lowest scale; as sponges.
PROUD-FLESH. Abnormal growths which arise in wounds or ulcers.
PRURITIC. Itching.
PRURITUS VULVAE. A nervous disease attended with excessive itching of
the external genital parts of the female.
PSOAS OR LUMBAR ABSCESS. An abscess discharging at the groin.
PSYCHICAL. The relation of the soul to animal experiences and being.
PSYCHOLOGICAL. The spiritual potencies of the soul.
PTYALIN. The ferment of the saliva which converts starch into sugar.
PUBERTY. The age at which the subject is capable of procreation.
PUBIC. Relating to the pubes, a part above the genital organs, covered
with hair at puberty.
PUERPERAL FEVER. Child-bed fever.
PULMONARY. Relating to the lungs.
PUPIL. The circular opening in the colored curtain within the eye.
PURGATIVES. Medicines which cause evacuation of the bowels.
PURULENT. Discharging pus; as an ulcer.
PUS. A yellowish, inodorous, creamy secretion from inflamed parts;
contained in abscesses or discharging from ulcers.
PUSTULAR. Belonging to or affected by pustules.
PUSTULE. An elevation on the skin, containing pus or "matter," and
having an inflamed base.
PUTRESCENCE. Decomposition, rottenness.
PUTRESCENT. Decomposing offensively.
PUTRIDITY. Corruption.
PYRÆMIA. Blood-poisoning from the absorption of decomposing pus or
"matter."
PYLORIC ORIFICE. The lower opening of the stomach; illus. page 39.
PYRIFORM. Shaped like a pear.
Q
QUICKENING. The time when the motion of the foetus within the womb is
first perceptible; between the fourth and fifth months of pregnancy.
R
RADICAL CURE. A cure in which the disease is entirely removed, root and
branch.
RALES. Noises produced by air passing through mucus in the lungs.
RECTAL. Pertaining to the rectum.
RECTUM. The lower portion of the intestines terminating in the anus.
RECUMBENT. Reclining.
REFLEX ACTION. See pages 93 and 99.
REGURGITATION. The act by which blood is forced backwards in an
unnatural manner.
REMISSION. A temporary diminution of the symptoms of fever.
REPRODUCTION. Producing living bodies similar to the parents.
RESOLUTION. The disappearance of inflammation without suppuration.
RESPIRATION. The function by which the blue blood is converted into red
blood in the lungs.
RESPIRATOR. Described on page 230.
RETINA. Defined on page 107.
RETROCEDENT. Moving from one part of the body to another; as gout.
RETROCESSION. Change of an eruption from the surface to the inner parts.
RETROVERSION. A change in the position of the womb in which the top
falls back against the rectum.
REVULSION, REVULSIVE. Calling the blood away from the diseased part.
RICKETS. A disease in children characterized by crookedness of the spine
and long bones resulting from scrofula or poor and insufficient food.
RICKETY. Affected with rickets.
RINGS (HERNIAL). Circular openings with muscular edges through which a
vessel or part passes.
RUBEFACIENTS. Medicines which produce redness of the skin.
RUPTURE. Bursting. Hernia.
S
SACCHARINE. Like or containing sugar.
SALIVA. The secretion of the glands of the mouth.
SALPAE. Little sack-like shaped, soft, fleshy bodies, found in the open
ocean, and sometimes phosphorescent.
SANATIVE. Curative. Tending to restore lost health.
SANGUINE TEMPERAMENT. Described on page 163.
SANITARIUM. An institution for the treatment of the sick. A healthy
retreat.
SCALES. The epidermis or outer part of the skin consists of minute
scales. See Fig. 50, page 71.
SCALP. The skin covering the head.
SCAPULA. Shoulder blade.
SCIATIC NERVE. The great nerve of the thigh.
SCIRRHUS. Stony hardness, characteristic of cancer.
SCLEROTIC COAT. The hard, pearly white covering of the eye.
SCORBUTIC. Producing scurvy, a disease caused by improper or
insufficient food.
SCORBUTUS. Scurvy.
SCROFULOUS. Suffering from a condition of the system characterized by
enlargement of the glands, eruptions, etc., with great susceptibility to
contagion.
SCROTUM. The bag of skin which covers the testicles.
SCURVY. A disease due to impaired nutrition.
SEA TANGLE. A water-plant, which in its dried state is introduced into a
canal and dilates the canal as it expands by the absorption of moisture.
SEBACEOUS GLANDS. The oil-tubes of the skin. Illus. page 71.
SECRETION. The process by which substances are separated from the blood.
SEDATIVES. Medicines which allay irritation or irritability of the
nervous system.
SEDENTARY. Requiring much sitting.
SELF-POLLUTION. See SELF-ABUSE.
SEMEN. The secretion of the testicles which is thrown out during sexual
intercourse and contains the principle of generation.
SEMI-FLUID. Half fluid.
SEMILUNAR VALVES. Valves in the heart. See 9 and 17, Fig. 41, page 58.
SEMINAL VESICLES. Reservoirs for the sperm. See Seminal Sac, on page
207.
SEPTIC. That which corrodes or produces putrefaction.
SEPTICÆMIA. Blood-poisoning; usually by absorption.
SEQUEL. That which follows; the condition or malady which follows a
disease.
SEROUS. Watery. Pertaining to the serous membrane.
SEROUS TISSUE. The membranes lining the closed cavities of the body,
which secrete a watery, lubricating fluid.
SHOCK. Sudden depression of vitality occasioned by injury.
SITZ BATH. See page 367.
SLOUGHING. The process of separating a mortified part from a healthy
part, through the agency of pus.
SMELL, NERVES OF. Illus. page 111.
SOLAR PLEXUS. Described on page 104.
SOLVENTS. Those chemicals which break up or dissolve substances.
SORDES. Foul accumulation on the teeth, noticed in fevers.
SOUND. An instrument for exploring cavities or canals for diagnosis or
treatment.
SPECIALTY. That to which special attention is given.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY. Comparative weight; as between urine and water.
SPECULUM. An instrument for examining cavities. Illus. pages 717 and
718.
SPERM. See SEMEN.
SPERMATIC CORD. The mass of arteries, veins, nerves, absorbents and
their coverings, which passes along the groin and over the pubic bone,
to the testicle.
SPERMATORRHEA. Described on page 772.
SPERMATOZOA. More than one Spermatozoön.
SPERMATOZOON. Defined on page 12; Illus. page 13.
SPHINCTERS. Bound muscles which close natural openings.
SPHYGMOGRAPH. An instrument for examining the heart. Illus. page 548.
SPICULA. A small pointed piece of bone.
SPINAL COLUMN. The twenty-four bones, which, situated one above the
other, form the backbone.
SPINAL CORD. Described on page 90.
SPIROMETER. A gauge of chest capacity. Illus. page 392.
SPONGE TENT. Compressed, dried sponge previously treated with Gum
Arabic, used for dilating the uterine canal.
SPORADIC, SPORADICALLY. A term for diseases which appear frequently,
independent of epidemic or contagious influences.
SPRAIN. A straining or rupture of the fibrous parts of a joint.
STAPHYLOMA. Protrusion of the eye, sometimes with loss of sight.
STERILITY. Barrenness. Inability to bear children.
STERNUM. The breast-bone.
STETHOSCOPE. An instrument for examining the heart and lungs.
STIMULANTS. Medicines which increase the vital activity of the body.
STOOL. Evacuations of the bowels. Dung.
STRABISMUS. Cross-eyes.
STRANGULATED. Caught or fastened in the hernial canal.
STRIATED. Grooved or striped.
STRICTURE. A contracted condition of a canal or passage; of the
food-pipe, rectum, urethra, etc.
STRUCTURAL. Belonging to the arrangements of tissues or organs.
STRUMOUS. Scrofulous.
STUPOR. Great diminution of sensibility.
STYE. A little boil on the eyelid.
STYPTIC. An external astringent wash.
SUB-ACUTE. A moderate form of acute.
SUDORIFEROUS GLANDS. Minute organs in the skin, which secrete the
perspiration. Illus. page 70.
SUPPORTERS (UTERINE). Instruments intended to hold the womb in its
natural position.
SUPPRESSION. Stoppage or obstruction of discharges; as urine, menses,
etc.
SUPPURATION. A gathering. Formation of pus, as in an abscess or ulcer.
SUTURE PINS. Pins or needles, which are passed through the edges of
wounds to bring them together. Thread is then wound around the pin to
hold the edges in place.
SUTURES. The ragged edges of bones by which they are joined to each
other. Stitches of thread to bring the edges of a wound together for
their union.
SYMPATHETIC NERVE. Defined on page 101.
SYMPTOM. A change in the body or in its functions which indicates
disease.
SYMPTOMATIC. Pertaining to symptoms.
SYNOVIAL MEMBRANE. The lining of a joint, which from its oily secretion
allows the bones to move freely upon each other.
SYNOVITIS. Described on page 452.
T
TAPPING. Removing collected fluid by introducing a hollow tube through
the flesh.
TEMPERAMENT. Peculiarities of the constitution manifested by traits
which we denominate character.
TENESMUS. Straining at stool.
TENT. A compressed, dried cylinder of sponge, previously treated with
Gum Arabic, which enlarges the canal in which it is placed by expansion
from the absorption of moisture.
TESTICLES. Described on page 773; Illus. page 207.
THERMOMETER. An instrument for determining temperature.
THORACIC DUCT. A canal which carries the chyle from its repository in
the abdomen to the large vein in the chest, near the heart.
THORAX. Chest.
TINCTURES. Medicines held in solution by alcohol.
TONIC. Defined on page 350.
TOPICAL. Local.
TOPOGRAPHY. Description in detail of a place; in hygiene, to determine
its adaptability to residence.
TORMINA. Griping of the bowels.
TORTICOLLIS. Stiffness or contraction of the muscles of the neck.
Wryneck.
TOURNIQUET. An instrument to stop bleeding. Illus. Fig. 252, page 890.
TRACHEA. Windpipe. See page 63.
TRANSLUCENT. Transmitting light, but not permitting objects to be seen
distinctly.
TRANSUDATION. Passage of liquid through the tissues of the body.
TRAUMATIC. Relating to a wound or injury.
TREPHINING. Removing a piece of bone by a cylindrical saw.
TRITURATE. To pulverize.
TROCAR. An instrument for removing fluids from cavities. It consists of
a perforator within a cylinder.
TRUNCATED. Shaped like a pyramid with its top cut off.
TRUSS. A mechanical appliance for preventing protrusion or
strangulation. Hernial support.
TUBERCLE. See pages 431 and 498.
TURN OF LIFE. The change of life when menstruation ceases.
TYMPANUM. Ear-drum. Illus. p. 109.
U
UMBILICAL. Of the navel; as umbilical hernia. Illus. page 883.
UMBILICAL CORD. A cord-like substance which conveys the blood to the
foetus from the placenta or afterbirth.
UMBILICUS. The Navel.
UNSTRIATED. Not grooved or striped.
URÆMIC. Pertaining to blood-poisoning from the presence of urea in the
circulation.
URATES. The pinkish deposit found in urine.
UREA. A constituent of the urine.
URETERS. The canals leading from the kidneys to the bladder. Illus.
pages 85 and 207.
URETHRA. The canal leading from the bladder outwards, by which the urine
is voided. Illus. page 207.
URETHROTOMY. The operation for opening the urethra for the removal of
stricture.
URIC ACID. A constituent of the urine.
URINARY FISTULA. Abnormal communication between the urinary passages and
the surface.
URINO-GENITAL ORGANS. Pertaining to the urinary and sexual organs.
UTERINE. Belonging or relating to the womb.
UTERINE CAVITY OR CANAL. From the month of the womb to a constriction
called the internal orifice, is a cylindrical space called the canal.
Above this to the fundus or base is a triangular and flat space called
the cavity.
V
VAGINA. A canal, five or six inches long, situated between the vulva and
womb.
VAGINAL. Pertaining to the vagina.
VAGINISMUS. Irritable vagina.
VALVES OF THE HEART. See page 58.