very villous. October. Berries villous. _l._ lanceolate,
acuminated, villous beneath, crenulated, 5in. to 7in. long,
tapering to the base, copiously dotted. China. All the upper parts
of the plant are densely beset with hairs.
=A. v. mollis= (soft).* This variety has very fine red berries, and
is superior to the type.
=A. Wallichii= (Wallich's). _fl._ red, in loose racemes; peduncles
axillary, one-half shorter than the leaves, and are, as well as the
pedicels, pilose. July. _l._ obovate, acute, or obtuse, narrowed
into the marginate petioles, repandly crenulated, 4in. to 5in.
long, and 2in. broad, thickish. _h._ 2ft. India.
=ARDUINA= (in honour of P. Arduini, curator of the Economical Garden
of Padua, in the time of Linnæus). ORD. _Apocynaceæ_. A singular and
pretty greenhouse evergreen shrub, of easy culture in carefully drained
pots of peat and loam, mixed in equal proportions. Propagated by
cuttings in sand, under a glass. The winter temperature should not be
allowed to fall below 40deg.
=A. bispinosa= (two-spined). _fl._ small, white, sweet-scented,
terminal, corymbose. March to August. Berry red. _l._
cordate-ovate, mucronate, nearly sessile, dark green, larger than
those of Box. Spines twin, simple, but usually bifid; in this last
case, one of the clefts points downwards, and the other upwards.
_h._ 3ft. to 5ft. Cape of Good Hope, 1760. SYN. _Carissa Arduina_.
=ARECA= (_Areec_ is its name in Malabar, when an old tree). The Cabbage
Palm. ORD. _Palmeæ_. This genus is now broken up into several, and many
species formerly here arranged are now found under _Acanthophœnix_,
_Euterpe_, _Hyophorbe_, _Kentia_, _Oncosperma_, _Phænicophorum_. Very
ornamental and graceful stove palms, with a branching spadix, and
double spathe, which incloses the flowers. Flowers unisexual, borne
upon the same spike; female flowers having six rudimentary stamens,
and male flowers a six-cleft perianth. Fruit one-seeded. They thrive
in a compost of loam, peat, and leaf soil, in equal parts, with a
liberal addition of sand; but when they are fully grown, loam should
preponderate to the extent of about two-thirds, and some rotten
cow-manure may be added. Propagated from seeds, which should be sown in
a compost similar to above, and placed in a moist gentle heat. They are
employed, when young, with much success for the decoration of drawing
rooms and dinner tables.
=A. Aliciæ= (Princess Alice's). _l._ pinnatisect; segments sessile.
North Australia. A very handsome species, with a comparatively
dwarf habit; it is a valuable decorative plant.
=A. Catechu= (Catechu). _l._ pinnate, from 3ft. to 6ft. long;
leaflets 12in. to 24in. in length, and about 2in. broad, light
green; petioles broadly sheathed at the base. _h._ 30ft. India,
1690. One of the best and oldest species in cultivation, very
effective, in a young state, for dinner table decoration. It
produces the Betel nut, of which enormous quantities are used in
India.
=A. concinna= (neat). _l._ pinnatisect, sub-glabrous; segments
sickle-shaped, much acuminated. Stem green, 8ft. to 12ft. high,
1in. to 2in. in diameter. Ceylon. The Cingalese chew the albumen of
the seeds with their Betel.
=A. gigantea= (gigantic). A synonym of _Pinanga ternatensis_.
=A. glandiformis= (gland-formed). _l._ pinnatisect, 9ft. to 12ft.
long when fully grown. _h._ 30ft. Moluccas. A handsome stove palm,
of bold aspect, and very suitable, when young, for decorative
purposes.
=A. Normanbyi= (Normanby's). A synonym of _Ptychosperma Normanbyi_.
=A. triandra= (three-stamened). _l._ pinnate, like those of _A.
Catechu_ in size, &c. _h._ 20ft. India, introduced to Britain about
1810.
=ARENARIA= (from _arena_, sand; in which most of the species are
found). Sandwort. ORD. _Caryophyllaceæ_. TRIBE _Alsineæ_. A very large
genus of hardy herbaceous plants, consisting of about 150 species. It
is distinguished by having generally three styles. The perennials only
are worth growing; these are extremely pretty little alpine plants, and
will thrive in any ordinary soil in exposed places; the rarer species
may be grown in small pots, well drained, in a mixture of sand, loam,
and leaf soil, or in well-drained crannies of the rockery. They may be
increased by either division, seeds, or cuttings; the latter, placed
under a hand-glass, will root freely. The best time to divide the
plants is early spring, or July and August. Seeds should be sown in
spring in a cold frame.
=A. balearica= (Balearic).* _fl._ white, sepals erect; peduncles
elongated, one-flowered. March to August. _l._ very small, ovate,
shining, rather fleshy, ciliated. _h._ 3in. Corsica, 1787. A pretty
little creeper, one of the best plants for covering damp borders of
the rockwork.
=A. cæspitosa= (tufted). Synonymous with _A. verna cæspitosa_.
=A. ciliata= (ciliated). _fl._ white, usually solitary; sepals
ovate, acute, five to seven ribbed; petals obovate, twice as long
as the sepals. July. _l._ ovate, or obovate, roughish, with a
few hairs, one-nerved, and ciliated. Ireland. _h._ 6in. A thick,
tufted, spreading, procumbent plant.
=A. graminifolia= (grass-leaved).* _fl._ white; panicle
three-forked, hairy, loose; sepals very blunt, much shorter than
the obovate petals. June. _l._ long, awl-shaped, filiform, scabrous
on the margins from serratures. Stem erect, simple. _h._ 6in. to
9in. Caucasus, 1817.
=A. grandiflora= (large-flowered).* _fl._ white, usually solitary;
peduncles very long, pubescent; sepals ovate, awned, three-nerved,
smaller than the petals. June. _l._ awl-shaped, broadish, flat,
three-nerved, ciliated, radical ones crowded. _h._ 3in. to 6in.
France, 1783. _A. g. biflora_ is a two-flowered, and _A. g.
triflora_ a three-flowered, variety.
=A. laricifolia= (Larch-leaved).* _fl._ white; sepals bluntish,
triple nerved, hairy; petals twice as long as the sepals; stems
ascending, one, three, or six flowered, somewhat scabrous; calyx
cylindrical. June. _l._ awl-shaped, denticulately ciliated. _h._
6in. Switzerland, 1816.
=A. longifolia= (long-leaved). _fl._ white; sepals ovate, obtuse,
not half the length of the obovate petals; panicle three-forked,
glabrous, crowded. June. _l._ awl-shaped, filiform, serrulated.
Stem erect, simple. _h._ 6in. to 9in. Siberia, 1823.
=A. montana= (mountain). _fl._ large, white; peduncles terminal,
very long, one-flowered; sepals lanceolate, acuminated, much
shorter than the corolla. April. _l._ lanceolate-linear; sterile
stems very long, procumbent. _h._ 3in. France and Spain, 1800.
=A. peploides= (Peplis-like). _fl._ white; sepals ovate, shorter
than the oblong petals. May to July. _l._ ovate, light green,
rather fleshy; branches procumbent, fleshy, deciduous. _h._ 3in. to
4in. Sea shores of Britain. SYN. _Honckenya peploides_.
=A. purpurascens= (purplish).* _fl._ purplish; pedicels tomentose,
scarcely exceeding the leaves; sepals lanceolate, smooth, with
shrivelled margins, longer than the corolla; branches two to
three-flowered. May. _l._ ovate-lanceolate, acuminated, glabrous.
Plant tufted, decumbent. _h._ 6in. Higher Pyrenees.
=A. rotundifolia= (round-leaved).* _fl._ white, solitary; petals
roundish-ovate, longer than the sepals. July and August. _l._ about
1/4in. across, roundish, ciliated, on spreading tufted branches.
_h._ 4in. to 6in. Siberia.
=A. tetraquetra= (four-angled). _fl._ white, somewhat capitate;
sepals stiff, acute, keeled, ciliated, almost equal in length
to the corolla. August. _l._ ovate, keeled, recurved, edged,
imbricated in four rows. Stem straight, pubescent. _h._ 3in. to
6in. France, 1731.
=A. verna= (spring-flowering). _fl._ small, white; sepals ovate,
lanceolate, acuminated, with three remote equal ribs, longer than
the obovate petals. May. _l._ awl-shaped, bluntish. Stems panicled,
elongated. _h._ about 3in.
=A. v. cæspitosa= (turfy). A variety having very leafy stems.
Calyces and peduncles smoothish. Europe. SYN. _A. cæspitosa_.
=ARENGA= (name of doubtful origin). SYN. _Saguerus_. ORD. _Palmæ_. An
extremely useful and interesting palm. The medulla of the trunk is used
as sago, and the saccharine juice forms excellent sugar. It requires a
strong heat and rich mould. Propagated by seeds only.
=A. saccharifera= (sugar-bearing). _fl._ striped. June. _h._ 40ft.
Moluccas, 1829.
=AREOLATE.= Divided into distinct angular spaces, or areolæ.
=ARETHUSA= (mythological: named after a nymph of Diana's, who was
changed into a fountain; in allusion to the habit of the plants).
ORD. _Orchideæ_. A small genus of very pretty, but rare, terrestrial
orchids. They require a moist shady spot with a northern aspect, and
thrive best in a compost of well-rotted manure and sphagnum. A mulching
in winter, by way of protection, is needed.
=A. bulbosa= (bulbous).* _fl._ large, bright rose purple, solitary,
sweet-scented, terminal; lip dilated, recurved, spreading towards
the summit, bearded-crested down the face; scape one-leaved. May.
_l._ linear, nerved. _h._ 8in. Carolina.
=ARETIA.= _See_ =Androsace=.
=ARGANIA= (from _argam_, its aboriginal name). ORD. _Sapotaceæ_. A very
fine greenhouse evergreen tree, said by Don to flourish against a south
wall, out of doors, with the protection of a mat in severe weather. It
will thrive in ordinary garden soil. Increased by layers and cuttings
in autumn and spring, the latter requiring a bell glass covering; both
operations must be performed in a moderately heated greenhouse.
=A. Sideroxylon= (Iron-wood). _fl._, corolla greenish yellow,
cup-shaped, five-parted, with ovate-lanceolate, sub-emarginate
segments; lateral and axillary, scattered, crowded, sessile. _fr._
dotted with white, size of a plum, full of white, milky juice.
July. _l._ lanceolate, entire, bluntish, glabrous, paler beneath;
branches terminated by strong spines. _h._ 15ft. to 20ft. Morocco,
1711. As the specific name implies, the wood is excessively close
and hard, so much so that it sinks in water. SYNS. _Elæodendron
Argan_, _Sideroxylon spinosum_.
=ARGEMONE= (from _argema_, cataract of the eye; in allusion to some
real or fancied medicinal properties). ORD. _Papaveraceæ_. Very
handsome annuals and perennials, abounding with yellow juice, and
covered with stiff prickles. Sepals two to three, concave, mucronate;
petals four to eight; peduncles axillary, always erect. Leaves sessile,
repand-sinuated, usually spotted with white; recesses spiny-toothed.
The species will thrive in almost any garden soil in the open border.
Seed may be sown out of doors about the end of March; those of the
rarer species on a hotbed, and planted out about the end of June.
=A. albiflora= (white-flowered).* _fl._ white; petals usually
three. July and August. _l._ sessile, feather-nerved. _h._ 1ft.
Georgia, 1820. Hardy annual.
=A. grandiflora= (great-flowered).* _fl._ large, panicled, white
with yellow anthers. July. _l._ sinuated, smooth, glaucous,
spiny-toothed; nerves unarmed. _h._ 2ft. to 3ft. Mexico, 1827. This
species, when raised from seed, does not flower until October; but
when the roots have existed through the winter, the plants produce
flowers early in the summer. Hardy perennial. See Fig. 147.
=A. hirsuta= (hairy).* _fl._ pure white, 3in. to 5in. in diameter.
September. _l._ pinnatifid, bristly. _h._ 2ft. California, 1879. A
very beautiful hardy annual.
[Illustration: FIG. 147. INFLORESCENCE OF ARGEMONE GRANDIFLORA.]
=A. mexicana= (Mexican). Devil's Fig. _fl._ solitary, yellow;
petals four to six. June. _l._ profoundly repand-sinuated, spiny,
blotched with white. _h._ 2ft. Mexico, 1592. Hardy annual.
=A. ochroleuca= (yellowish-white).* _fl._ pale yellow, solitary;
petals six. August. _l._ profoundly sinuated or pinnatifid,
glaucescent nerves with prickly bristles, blotched with white. Stem
prickly. Mexico, 1827. Hardy annual.
=ARGENTEUS.= Silvery. A pale colour resembling silver.
=ARGOLASIA.= _See_ =Lanaria=.
=ARGIYREIA= (from _argyreios_, silvery; in reference to the silvery
undersides of the leaves). Silver-weed. ORD. _Convolvulaceæ_. An
elegant genus of greenhouse and stove climbers. Sepals five; corolla
campanulate. Shrubs for the most part silvery, but sometimes silky and
tomentose. The greater number of the species are robust, extensive
twiners or climbers, usually requiring plenty of room to run, before
they will flower. _A. cuneata_, and one or two others, are of dwarf
habit, and produce their splendid blossoms in abundance. All the
species grow well in light rich soil, or a mixture of peat, loam, and
sand. Cuttings root readily if planted in sand, with a hand glass
placed over them, in a little bottom heat.
=A. capitata= (headed). _fl._, corolla 1in. to 2in. long, rose
coloured or purple, hairy outside; peduncles exceeding the
petioles. July. _l._ cordate-ovate, acuminated, 2in. to 5in, long,
and 1in. to 3in. broad, hairy on both surfaces; hairs glandular at
the base. Plant clothed with strigose hairs. Silhet, 1823.
=A. cuneata= (wedge-leaved).* _fl._, corolla large, of a beautiful
deep bright purple; peduncles downy, shorter than the leaves,
three to six-flowered. July. _l._ obovate-cuneate, emarginate,
glabrous above, but beset with short, crowded hairs beneath, hardly
petiolate. Stem clothed with powdery down at top. _h._ 2ft. to 5ft.
India, 1822.
=A. cymosa= (cyme-flowered).* _fl._, corolla pale pink, tubularly
funnel-shaped, villous outside; peduncles as long or longer
than the leaves, leafy at top, and cymosely many-flowered. _l._
roundish-cordate, or reniformly-cordate, obtuse, terminated by a
very short prickle, glabrous on both surfaces, or clothed with
pruinose down. Malabar (mountains), 1823.
=A. malabarica= (Malabar). _fl._ rather small; bottom of the bell
deep purple; throat pink, with the edges paler, almost white, and
slightly ten-lobed; peduncles as long or longer than the leaves,
many-flowered at the apex. June. _l._ roundish-cordate, acute,
glabrous, or furnished with a few scattered hairs on both surfaces.
Coromandel, 1823.
=A. pomacea= (Apple-fruited). _fl._ large, rose coloured; peduncles
villous, exceeding the petioles a little, cymose, many-flowered.
Berry size of a cherry, yellow. _l._ ovate-elliptic, obtuse,
clothed with cinerous, velvety down on both surfaces, but
especially beneath, sometimes sub-emarginate at apex. Mysore, 1818.
=A. speciosa= (showy).* _fl._, corolla nearly 2in. long, of a deep
rose colour; peduncles about equal in length to the petioles,
umbellately capitate. July. _l._ 3in. to 12in. long, and 2in. to
4in. broad, cordate, acute, glabrous above, or rarely villous,
thickly nerved beneath, and clothed with silky, silvery down.
India, 1818.
=A. splendens= (splendid).* _fl._, corolla tubularly campanulate,
1-1/2in. long, rather villous outside, pale red; peduncles
exceeding the (hoary) petioles, corymbosely many-flowered.
November. _l._ ovate-oblong or ovate-elliptic, entire or
pandurately sinuated, sometimes somewhat three-lobed, smooth
above, but clothed with silvery, silky down beneath, 6in. long,
acuminated. India, 1820.
=ARGYROCHÆTA.= A synonym of =Parthenium= (which _see_).
=ARGYROXYPHIUM= (from _argyros_, silver, and _xyphion_, a corn-flag;
in allusion to the leaves). ORD. _Compositæ_. An ornamental greenhouse
perennial herb. Involucre campanulate; receptacle conical; heads
pedunculate, racemose, or in thyrsoid panicles. Leaves alternate; lower
ones close, elongated, thick, on both sides silver-lined. Stems simple
or slightly branched. It thrives well in rich sandy loam and leaf
mould. Propagated by seed-heads.
=C. sandwicense= (Sandwich Islands). _fl.-heads_ purplish. _l._
linear lanceolate, imbricate, clothed, like the stems, with silvery
hairs. _h._ 3ft. Sandwich islands, 1872. SYN. _Argyrophyton
Douglasii_.
=ARIA.= _See_ =Pyrus Aria=.
=ARISÆMA= (from _aron_, Arum, and _sana_, a standard; in reference to
the close alliance to _Arum_). ORD. _Aroideæ_. Small tuberous rooted
greenhouse (except where stated otherwise) herbaceous plants. Spathe
rolled round the spadix at the base; spadix bearing unisexual flowers
below. and rudimentary flowers in the upper part. Leaves peltate,
pedate, palmate, or simple. For culture, &c., _see_ =Arum=.
=A. concinna= (neat).* _fl._, spathe convolute, tubular at the
base; upper portion bent over at the mouth, and gradually narrowed
into a tail-like appendage about 3in. long; spathe of the female
plant longitudinally barred with white and green, the latter colour
being replaced with blue-purple in the male. June. _l._ solitary,
sheathing at the base, and made up of ten or twelve lanceolate,
entire, light green leaflets, which radiate from the top of the
petiole, the latter being 1ft. to 2ft. high. Sikkim, 1871.
=A. curvatum= (curved).* _fl._ crowning a scape which overtops
the foliage; tube of spathe cylindrical, green, obscurely striped
with white; the elliptic blade arches forward, green on the inner
surface, and brownish-red on the outer; spadix produced into a
purplish-red tail, about 1ft. long. April. _l._ pedate. The large
bracts, which sheath the base of the stem, are beautifully marbled
with dark olive green, red, and light green. _h._ 4ft. Himalayas,
1871. SYN. _A. helleborifolium_.
=A. galeata= (helmeted).* _fl._, spathe about 4in long; tube and
cylindrical side of spathe green, tinted purplish at base, with
many longitudinal white lines; inside of the tube purple. July.
_l._ solitary, trifoliate; middle leaflet 6in. long by 3-3/4in.
broad; lateral ones 7in. long and nearly 4in. broad. _h._ 1ft.
Himalayas, Sikkim, 1879.
=A. Griffithi= (Griffith's).* _fl._, spathe large, hood-like,
brown-violet, with green veins; spadix brown-violet, and the barren
end at the base above the flowers has a disk-like projection, while
its free extremity is prolonged into a long thread-like appendage.
Spring. _l._ with bold roundish leaflets. _h._ 1ft. to 1-1/2ft.
Sikkim, 1879. Hardy; very handsome. SYN. _A. Hookerianum_.
=A. helleborifolium= (Hellebore-leaved). A synonym of _A. curvatum_.
=A. Hookerianum= (Hooker's). A synonym of _A. Griffithi_.
=A. nepenthoides= (Nepenthes-like).* _fl._, spathe above the
tubular portion extended into two decided auricles, which serve
to distinguish it from other species, ochre, brown, green; spadix
yellowish Spring. _l._ pedate, of five lanceolate or oblanceolate
leaflets; central one 6in. long, the others shorter. _h._ 2ft.
Himalayas, 1879.
=A. præcox= (early). A synonym of _A. ringens_.
=A. ringens= (gaping).* _fl._, spathe striped green and white,
erect and cylindrical below, then arching suddenly over, and again
contracting into a rather small deep purple orifice, with broad,
reflexed margins; spadix erect, pale yellow-green. Spring. _l._,
leaflets three, ovate-oblong, acuminate, and produced into a
filiform point; peduncle short. Japan. Hardy. SYNS. _A. præcox_ and
_A. Sieboldi_.
=A. Sieboldi= (Siebold's). A. synonym of _A. ringens_.
=A. speciosa= (showy).* _fl._, spadix deep glossy purple,
greenish and white, with a long flexuous prolongation, sometimes
nearly 20in. in length; spathe also terminating with a filiform
elongation. March. _l._ solitary, trifoliate; leaflets petioled,
dark green, conspicuously edged with blood red; petioles long,
mottled with white. _h._ 2ft. Temperate Himalayas, 1872.
[Illustration: FIG. 148. ARISÆMA TRIPHYLLA.]
=A. triphylla= (three-leaved).* _fl._, spathe 4in. to 6in. long,
striped with broad lines of purplish-brown, with about 1in. of
green in the middle; spadix 3in. long, spotted with brown. June to
July. _l._ on long stout petioles, trifoliate; leaflets entire,
equal, acuminated. _h._ 9in. to 1ft. North America, 1664. This is
quite hardy. SYNS. _A. zebrina_ and _Arum triphyllum_. See Fig. 148.
=A. zebrina= (zebra). A synonym of _A. triphylla_.
=ARISARUM= (name of Greek origin). ORD. _Aroideæ_. A small genus of
half-hardy herbaceous plants, possessing but little horticultural
interest, and allied to _Arisæma_. Flowers unisexual, spadix having
no rudimentary flowers. Leaves on long stalks, heart-shaped or
spear-shaped. The only species in cultivation thrives in a sand, loam,
and peat compost. Propagated by seeds or divisions of the root in
spring.
=A. vulgate= (common). _fl._, spathe livid purple. May. _h._ 1ft.
South Europe, 1596.
=ARISTATE.= Having a beard or awn, as the glumes of barley.
=ARISTEA= (from _arista_, a point or beard; in reference to the
rigid points of the leaves). ORD. _Iridaceæ_. A genus of greenhouse
herbaceous perennials from the Cape of Good Hope. Flowers blue;
perianth rotate, six-parted, twisted after flowering; scape two-edged,
rigid, often branched. Leaves narrow, sword-shaped. The species are
more interesting than ornamental, and may be grown in a compost of
three parts turfy peat, and one of loam. Easily propagated by divisions
and seeds. They vary in height from 3in. to 3ft., and flower generally
in summer.
=A. capitata= (headed). _fl._ blue. July. _h._ 3ft. Cape of Good
Hope, 1790.
=A. cyanea= (bright blue). _fl._ blue. June. _h._ 6in. Cape of Good
Hope, 1759.
=ARISTOLOCHIA= (from _aristos_, best, and _locheia_, parturition;
in reference to its supposed medicinal character). Birthwort. ORD.
_Aristolochiaceæ_. A very large genus of stove, greenhouse, or hardy,
evergreen or deciduous, climbing or erect shrubs. Flowers axillary,
clustered, or solitary, pendulous, of most extraordinary forms;
perianth tubular, curved, or straight, with an oblique, cordate limb;
stamens six, rarely four, or numerous, adhering to the stigma; capsule
six-valved. Leaves cordate entire or lobed. Good loam, with a small
proportion of decayed manure and a slight addition of sharp sand to
secure efficient drainage, is a good compost for the whole. They will
thrive when planted out in the conservatory more satisfactorily than
elsewhere; for as they usually grow a considerable height before
flowering, they require very long trellises in pots, and have to be
trained up and down; or, better still, round a pillar of uniform
circumference, a pyramid form being useless. The best way is to train
them round, close down to the pot, and keep on about 2in. from one turn
to the next. Some of the larger sorts will require more room. Cuttings
root freely in sand under a bell glass with bottom heat.
=A. anguicida= (snake-killing). _fl._ white, spotted brown; tube
of perianth inflated at base, dilated and oblique at the mouth;
peduncles axillary, solitary, one-flowered. December. _l._ on short
petioles, cordate acuminate; stipules cordate-roundish. _h._ 10ft.
New Grenada, 1845. An evergreen stove twiner.
=A. barbata= (bearded). _fl._ purple, axillary, 2-1/2in. long;
perianth straight; limb spreading; lip spathulate, bearded at the
end. July. _l._ cordate, oblong. _h._ 10ft. Caraccas, 1796. Stove
evergreen.
=A. caudata= (tailed).* _fl._ lurid; perianth cylindrical
ventricose, and six-spurred at the base; lip cordate, cuspidate;
the cusp twisted, filiform. June. _l._, lower ones reniform, lobed;
upper ones three partite. _h._ 5ft. Brazil, 1828. Deciduous stove
twiner.
=A. ciliosa= (fringed).* _fl._ purple-yellow; tube of perianth
obliquely ventricose at base, stretched out, from the middle to the
apex cylindrical, fringed; peduncles one-flowered. September. _l._
cordate reniform. Plant glabrous. _h._ 6ft. Brazil, 1829.
=A. Clematitis= (Clematis-like). _fl._ pale yellow, upright; lip
oblong, shortly acuminate. July. _l._ cordate. Stem erect. _h._
2ft. A hardy herbaceous perennial, naturalised here and there in
Britain.
=A. clypeata= (shielded). _fl._ axillary; tube yellowish,
cylindrical; limb elliptic, white, blotched with purple, long and
large, funnel-shaped. _l._ subcordate-ovate, acuminate. Columbia,
1871.