large, on a large terminal raceme; peduncles erect, pubescent;
spur capitate; helmet convex-hemispherical, gaping, smoothish;
lip revolute. Summer. _l._ pedately five-lobed. _h._ 3ft. to
4ft. There are a great number of varieties of this species
cultivated and introduced. The following are some of the names
representing slightly varying forms which have, however,
been regarded as species by Reichenbach and other authors:
_acutum_, _amœnum_, _Bernhardianum_, _Braunii_, _callibotryon_,
_Clusianum_, _commutatum_, _firmum_, _formosum_, _Funkianum_,
_hians_, _Hoppeanum_, _Kœhleri_, _lætum_, _laxiflorum_, _laxum_,
_Mielichhoferi_, _napelloides_, _neomontanum_, _neubergense_,
_oligocarpus_, _rigidum_, _strictum_, _tenuifolium_, _venustum_,
_virgatum_. One of the most virulent of poisonous plants, both to
cattle as well as human beings; and, notwithstanding its eminently
handsome appearance, it should only be planted in places where no
danger is likely to arise from its presence. See Figs. 17 and 18.
=A. nasutum= (great-nosed). _fl._ violet; panicle contracted, quite
smooth; spur elongated, arched; helmet conical, bending forward;
beak short. June. _l._ with broad, trapeziform, pinnate lobes. _h._
3ft. Caucasus, &c., 1818. SYN. _A. gibbosum_.
=A. nitidum= (shining). Synonymous with _A. Gmelini_.
=A. Ottonianum= (Otto's).* _fl._ blue, variegated with white; young
peduncles nodding; spur supine, somewhat hooked; helmet arched.
July, August. _l._ with trapeziform, pinnate lobes. _h._ 2ft. to
4ft. Carpathian Mountains, 1824.
=A. paniculatum= (paniculate).* _fl._ large, violet; panicle
terminal, much branched, loose or contracted, more or less
pubescent; helmet conical, beaked; front sinuate. June to
September. _l._ smooth, with trapeziform, pinnate lobes. _h._ 2ft.
to 3ft. France and Switzerland, 1815. SYN. _A. hebegynum_.
=A. plicatum= (folded). Synonymous with _A. tauricum_.
=A. productum= (long-lipped). _fl._ violet, downy, on few-flowered,
loose, pubescent racemes; helmet straight, irregularly
convex-conical, with a drawn-out beak; spur capitate. June. _l._ on
long stalks with three-parted lobes. _h._ 1ft. Siberia.
=A. rostratum= (beaked).* _fl._ violet; panicle rather loose; spur
thick, depressed, globose; helmet conical, elongated, abruptly
pointed in front; beak stretched out. June. _l._ with trapeziform,
pinnate lobes. _h._ 1ft. to 2ft. Switzerland, 1752. SYN. _A.
alpinum_.
=A. Schleicheri= (Schleicher's). _fl._ blue or violet,
middle sized, on short racemes; spur capitate; helmet
convex-hemispherical, gaping, smoothish. Summer. _l._ with finely
jagged lobes. Stem straight (or infracted), simple, slender. _h._
2ft. to 3ft. Europe. SYN. _A. vulgare_.
=A. semigaleatum= (half-helmeted). _fl._ pale blue, pubescent when
young, on very loose racemes; peduncles elongated; spur hooked;
helmet convex, navicular. June. _l._ multifid, few, membranous,
smooth; root about the size and form of a pea. _h._ 6in. to 2ft.
Kamtschatka, 1818.
=A. Sprengelii= (Sprengel's). _fl._ bluish purple; spur obtuse,
straight. June. _l._ with blunt, bipinnate lobes. _h._ 3ft. to 4ft.
Europe, 1820.
=A. tauricum= (Taurian).* _fl._ deep blue, disposed in dense
racemes; peduncles erect, smooth; lateral sepals smooth inside;
spur blunt; helmet closed, hemispherical. June. _l._ segments
almost pedately disposed and divided into linear acuminate lobes.
_h._ 3ft. to 4ft. Germany, 1752. SYN. _A. plicatum_.
=A. tortuosum= (twisting). _fl._ pale or deep violet, large;
panicle loose, few flowered; spur thick, long, abruptly pointed
(neither arched, nor convolute). July. _l._ smooth, with narrow
wedge-shaped lobes, and acute lobules. _h._ 6ft. to 8ft. North
America, 1812.
=A. toxicum= (very poisonous). _fl._ violet, large, pubescent, on
loose, also pubescent, racemes; spur hooked; helmet large, arched,
with a blunt beak. June. _l._ smooth, with trapeziform pinnate
lobes. Stem flexuous, almost simple. _h._ 2ft. America, 1825.
=A. uncinatum= (hooked).* _fl._ generally lilac, large, smooth;
racemes loose, rather umbellate at the apex, very rarely panicled;
spur somewhat spiral, inclined; helmet regularly conical,
compressed. July. _l._ with trapeziform pinnate lobes. Stem with
branches rising from the axils of the leaves. _h._ 4ft. to 8ft.
North America, 1768.
[Illustration: FIG. 19. ACONITUM VARIEGATUM, showing Habit and Flower.]
=A. variegatum= (variegated).* _fl._ blue, large, smooth; racemes
panicled, loose; spur erect, clavated-hooked; helmet bent forward,
inflated; beak ascending. July. _l._ lower, on long stalks; upper,
sessile, smooth, thickish. _h._ 1ft. to 6ft. Europe, 1597. See Fig.
19.
=A. v. albiflorum= (white-flowered).* _fl._ white, small; helmet
straight.
=A. v. bicolor= (two-coloured).* _fl._ white, edged with blue or
lilac; helmet straight.
=A. vulgare= (common). A synonym of _A. Schleicheri_.
=A. Willdenovii= (Willdenow's).* _fl._ bluish-purple; peduncles
pubescent; spur obtuse, straight. June. _l._ with blunt segments.
_h._ 2ft. to 3ft. Carniola, 1823.
Sect. II. Roots Fibrous or Napiform.
=A. Anthora= (Anthora).* _fl._ pale yellow; panicles generally
pubescent; spur refracted; lip obcordate; helmet arched. July. _l._
palmately cut into linear lobes. _h._ 1ft. to 2ft. Pyrenees, 1596.
The following varieties of _A. Anthora_ are erroneously classed as
species by some authors:
=A. a. Decandollii= (Decandolle's). _fl._ yellow; panicle and
flowers pubescent; helmet rather conical, bent, with a short,
abrupt, and acuminated beak. _l._ with rather large dark green
lobes. Alps of Jura, 1873.
=A. a. eulophum= (well-crested). _fl._ yellow; panicles and flowers
puberulous; helmet conical. Caucasus, 1821.
=A. a. grandiflorum= (large-flowered). _fl._ yellow, large;
panicle, flowers, and fruit pubescent; helmet rather conical. Alps
of Jura, 1821.
=A. a. Jacquinii= (Jacquin's). _fl._ yellow, smooth; helmet
somewhat conical, drawn out into an elongated beak.
=A. a. nemorosum= (grove-loving).* _fl._ yellow; panicle and
flowers pubescent; helmet somewhat conical, bent; beak short. _l._
with broad lobes.
=A. autumnale= (autumn-flowering).* _fl._ bluish-purple, in
loose panicles; peduncles rigidly spreading; spur capitate;
helmet closed; lip very long, refracted. July. _l._ with cuneate,
bipinnate lobes. _h._ 3ft. to 4ft. Europe.
=A. barbatum= (bearded).* _fl._ cream coloured, middle sized;
racemes dense, puberulous; spur straightish, obtuse; bottom of
helmet conical; middle sepals densely bearded. July. _l._ opaque,
with the lobes divided into many linear segments, on long stalks,
which are villous as well as the nerves. _h._ 2ft. to 6ft. Siberia,
1807. SYN. _A. squarrosum_.
=A. chinense= (Chinese).* _fl._ intense and very bright blue, in
large compound racemes; pedicels slightly hairy above. Summer. _l._
lower ones large, deeply cut into three wedge-shaped segments,
tapering at the base; upper ones sessile, gradually becoming more
entire. _h._ 4ft. to 6ft. China, 1833.
=A. Lamarckii= (Lamarck's). _fl._ cream-coloured, pubescent;
racemes long, cylindrical, crowded, branched at the base; spur
spiral; helmet constricted, clavate. July. _l._ large, seven to
nine-parted, with the lobes unequally cleft. _h._ 2ft. to 3ft.
Pyrenees, 1800.
=A. lupicidum= (Wolf's-bane). Synonymous with _A. Vulparia_.
=A. macrophyllum= (large-leaved). _fl._ yellow, numerous, panicled;
spur arched; helmet large, somewhat ventricose at the apex. July.
_l._ large, more or less dissected. _h._ 4ft. to 8ft. Germany.
=A. Nuttallii= (Nuttall's). Synonymous with _A. ochroleucum_.
=A. ochroleucum= (yellowish-white).* _fl._ cream coloured, large;
spur arched; bottom of helmet conico-cylindrical; middle sepals
covered with short hairs; racemes puberulous, rather loose.
July. _l._ five to seven-parted, deep green, the first ones are
puberulous above. _h._ 2ft. to 4ft. Russia, 1794. SYNS. _A.
Nuttallii_, _A. pallidum_.
=A. Pallasii= (Pallas'). Probably a mere variety, with a continuous
spur, of _A. anthora_.
=A. pallidum= (pale). Synonymous with _A. ochroleucum_.
=A. pyrenaicum= (Pyrenean).* _fl._ yellow, rather large; spur
hooked; bottom of helmet cylindrical, rounded; racemes elongated,
dense, puberulous. June. _l._ parted almost to the base, with
pinnatifid lobes, rather hispid beneath, but smooth above, on long
stalks. _h._ 2ft. Pyrenees, &c., 1739.
=A. squarrosum= (rough). Synonymous with _A. barbatum_.
=A. vulparia= (Fox-bane).* _fl._ pale yellow, smooth; spur spiral;
helmet cylindrical, large; beak stretched out, acute; racemes
crowded. July. _l._ three or five-lobed, ciliated. _h._ 1ft. to
3ft. Europe, 1821. SYN. _A. lupicidum_. The principal varieties of
this species are:--
=A. v. carpaticum= (Carpathian). _fl._ panicled, of a lurid colour,
sometimes variegated with yellow; helmet conico-cylindrical,
compressed; peduncles smooth. _l._ profoundly cut. Stems smooth.
_h._ 2ft. to 3ft. Carpathian Mountains, 1810.
=A. v. Cynoctonum= (tall Dog's-bane). _fl._ (and stem) yellow,
smoothish, numerous, panicled. _h._ 3ft. to 4ft. France, 1820.
=A. v. moldavicum= (Moldavian). _fl._ violet, panicled; helmet
cylindrical, compressed. _h._ 3ft. to 4ft. Moldavia.
=A. v. rubicundum= (reddish). _fl._ livid violet, panicled,
villous, variegated with yellow; helmet conico-cylindrical,
compressed. _h._ 2ft. to 3ft. Siberia, 1819.
=A. v. septentrionale= (northern).* _fl._ blue, panicled, villous;
helmet conico-cylindrical, compressed. _h._ 4ft. North Europe, 1800.
=ACONTIAS.= _See_ =Xanthosoma=.
=ACORN.= The seed or fruit of the oak. _See_ =Quercus=.
=ACORUS= (from _a_, without, and _kore_, the pupil of the eye; in
allusion to its reputed medicinal qualities). ORD. _Aroideæ_. A small
genus of hardy herbaceous plants. Flowers on a sessile spadix; perianth
six-cleft, inferior, persistent. They thrive best in a moist soil,
and are very suitable for the banks of water, or even as aquatics in
shallow water. Propagated easily by divisions during spring.
=A. Calamus= (sweet-flag).* _fl._ yellowish, small, borne on a
cylindrical spadix 4in. to 6in. long. Summer. _l._ sword-shaped,
erect, striated 3ft. long. The root is cylindrical, channelled, and
very fragrant. Europe. The variety with gold-striped leaves is more
useful as a decorative plant. See Fig. 20.
[Illustration: FIG. 20. ACORUS CALAMUS.]
=A. gramineus= (grass-leaved). China, 1796. This is much smaller in
all its parts than the above, but very pretty.
=A. g. variegatus.=* A pretty variety with white striped leaves,
forming handsome little tufts.
=ACOTYLEDONS.= Plants having no cotyledons, or seed leaves, as in
_Cuscuta_, but usually applied to cryptogamic or flowerless plants,
such as ferns, mosses, &c.
=ACRADENIA= (from _akra_, top, and _aden_, a gland; referring to the
five glands on the top of the ovary). ORD. _Rutaceæ_. An excellent neat
and compact evergreen bush, suitable for the cool conservatory. It
requires a rich loam and leaf mould. Propagated by seeds and cuttings
under a bell glass.
=A. Frankliniæ= (Lady Franklin's).* _fl._ white, produced in great
profusion, in terminal clusters. August. _l._ fragrant, opposite,
trifoliate, gland-dotted. _h._ 8ft. Tasmania, 1845.
=ACRE= (from _agros_, an open field). The English Statute acre
consists of 160 square rods (perches, poles, roods, or lugs); or
4840 square yards; or 43,560 square feet. The following list shows
the differentiation in the number of square yards per acre in the
various districts of Great Britain and Ireland: Cheshire, 10,240;
Cornish, 5760; Cunningham, 6250; Derby (W.), 9000; Devonshire, 4000;
Herefordshire, 3226-2/3; Irish, 7840; Leicestershire, 2308-3/4; Scotch,
6150; Wales, North (customary), 3240; ditto (erw), 4320; Westmoreland,
6760; Wiltshire, 3630.
=ACRIDOCARPUS= (from _akris_, a locust; and _karpos_, fruit; meaning
not obvious). ORD. _Malpighiaceæ_. A handsome sub-tropical or warm
greenhouse climber, requiring plenty of water, and a very free
drainage. Increased by imported seeds, and by cuttings in bottom heat.
=A. natalitius= (Natal).* _fl._ pale yellow; petals five, rounded,
wedge-shaped, crenately-toothed at the edge; racemes simple,
elongated, terminal. July. _l._ oblong or obovate, obtuse,
leathery. Natal, 1867.
=ACRIOPSIS= (from _akros_, top, and _opsis_, eye). ORD. _Orchidaceæ_.
A small genus of pretty stove epiphytal orchids, almost unknown to
cultivation. Flowers small, arranged in loose panicles; lip adnate to
the very curious column, from which it projects at right angles.
=A. densiflora= (crowded-flowered).* _fl._ green and pink. May.
_l._ linear-lanceolate. _h._ 6in. Borneo, 1845.
=A. javanica= (Javanese). _fl._ yellow, green. May. _l._
linear-lanceolate. _h._ 3in. Java, 1840.
=A. picta= (painted).* _fl._ white, green, and purple. May. _l._
solitary, linear. _h._ 6in. Bantam, 1843.
=ACROCLINIUM= (from _akros_, top, and _kline_, a bed; referring to the
open flowers). ORD. _Compositæ_. A small genus of elegant half hardy
annuals with "everlasting" flower heads, which are solitary, terminal,
and consist of tubular florets; involucrum many-leaved, imbricated.
Leaves numerous, linear, smooth, acuminated. Stems numerous, erect.
They thrive best in a loamy soil, and constitute very neat summer
flowering annuals if sown out of doors in patches in June; they are
also useful as winter decorative greenhouse plants if seed is sown
in August in pots placed in a cold frame. The flower-heads should be
gathered when young, if it is desired to preserve them.
[Illustration: FIG. 21. ACROCLINIUM ROSEUM, showing Habit and
Flower-head.]
=A. roseum= (rosy).* _fl.-heads_ pretty rose, solitary, terminal,
on erect, slender, and gracefully disposed branches. _l._ linear,
acute. _h._ 1ft. to 2ft. S. W. Australia, 1854. See Fig. 21.
=A. r. album= (rosy white).* A very pretty white form of the
preceding.
=A. r. grandiflorum= (large-flowered).* _fl.-heads_ rose, larger
than in the type.
=ACROCOMIA= (from _akros_, top, and _kome_, tuft; referring to the
position of the leaves). ORD. _Palmeæ_. A genus of South American
palms, containing about eleven species, which are not easily
distinguished, but having the following general characteristics: Trunk
from 20ft. to 50ft. high, and clad with long prickles. The flowers,
which appear in the axils of the lower leaves, are greenish or yellow,
and their drupes are much the same colour. Leaves pinnate, with seventy
to eighty leaflets on each side of the pinnæ. They require a warm
greenhouse and rich sandy loam. Increased by suckers. Two species only
are in general cultivation.
=A. aculeata= (prickly). _h._ 40ft. West Indies, 1791.
=A. fusiformis= (spindle-shaped). _h._ 40ft. Trinidad, 1731.
=A. globosa= (globular). =h.= 20ft. St. Vincent, 1824.
=A. horrida= (horrid). _h._ 30ft. Trinidad, 1820.
=A. lasiospatha= (hairy spathed). _l._ drooping. Trunk about 40ft.
high, smooth and ringed. Para, 1846.
=A. sclerocarpa= (hard-fruited).* A very elegant species bearing a
head of spreading pinnate leaves, with the rachises and petioles
aculeate, and the leaflets linear, taper-pointed, glaucous
underneath, about 1ft. long. _h._ 40ft. West Indies, 1731. SYN.
_Cocos fusiformis_.
=A. tenuifolia= (fine-leaved). _h._ 30ft. Brazil, 1824.
=ACROGENS.= Plants increasing at the summit, as Ferns, &c.
=ACRONYCHIA= (from _akron_, tuft, and _onux_, a claw; referring to the
curved points of the petals). ORD. _Rutaceæ_. An ornamental rue-like
greenhouse evergreen shrub. Petals and sepals four; stamens eight,
inserted on a disk; fruit berry-like. It requires ordinary greenhouse
treatment. Increased by cuttings in July in sand, under a bell glass.
=A. Cunninghami= (Cunningham's).* _fl._ white, in clusters,
resembling those of an orange, with an exquisite fragrance. July.
_h._ 7ft. Moreton Bay, 1838.
=ACROPERA.= _See_ =Gongora=.
=ACROPHORUS.= _See_ =Davallia=.
=ACROPHYLLUM= (from _akros_, top, and _phyllon_, a leaf; referring
to the way in which the leaves are produced at the summit of the
branches, above the flowers). ORD. _Cunoniaceæ_. Handsome greenhouse
small, erect-growing, evergreen shrubs, flowering profusely during the
spring months. They require a mixture of fibrous peat, a little loam,
and sharp sand; thorough drainage, an airy situation, and as little
artificial heat as possible, are important to its well-being. Re-pot
in February. Propagated by cuttings of the half ripened shoots, which
strike freely in a soil of sand and peat, if covered with a hand glass,
and placed in a cool house. The roots should not be allowed to get
dry, and light syringing during late spring and summer will be found
beneficial in assisting to keep down thrips.
=A. verticillatum= (whorled). A synonym of _A. venosum_.
=A. venosum= (veined).* _fl._ pinkish white, in dense axillary
spikes, which are borne on the upper part of the stems and
branches. May and June. _l._ nearly sessile, oblong, cordate,
acute, serrate, in whorls of threes. _h._ 6ft. New South Wales.
SYN. _A. verticillatum_.
=ACROPTERIS.= _See_ =Asplenium=.
=ACROSTICHUM= (from _akros_, top, and _stichos_, order; meaning
very obscure). ORD. _Filices_. This genus includes _Aconiopteris_,
_Chrysodium_, _Egenolfia_, _Elaphoglossum_, _Gymnopteris_, _Olfersia_,
_Photinopteris_, _Pœcilipteris_, _Polybotrya_, _Rhipidopteris_,
_Soromanes_, _Stenochlæna_, _Stenosemia_. A large and almost entirely
tropical genus; it includes groups with a wide range in venation and
cutting. Sori spread over the whole surface of the frond or upper
pinnæ, or occasionally over both surfaces. The species having long
fronds, are admirably suited for growing in suspended baskets, and the
dwarfer sorts do well in Wardian cases. A compost of peat, chopped
sphagnum, and sand, is most suitable. For general culture, _see_
=Ferns=.
=A. acuminatum= (taper-pointed).* _rhiz._ thick, climbing. _sti._
4in. to 6in. long, firm, erect, scaly throughout. _barren fronds_
1ft. to 2ft. long, 1ft. or more broad, deltoid, bipinnate; upper
pinnæ oblong-lanceolate, slightly lobed, truncate on the lower
side at the base, 2in. to 3in. long, 3/4in. to 1in. broad; lower
pinnæ, 6in. to 8in. long, 4in. to 5in. broad, with several small
pinnules on each side; light green, with a firm texture. _fertile
fronds_ 1ft. long, deltoid, tripinnate. Brazil. Stove species. SYN.
_Polybotrya acuminatum_.
=A. alienum= (foreign). _rhiz._ woody. _sti._ 6in. to 18in. long,
scaly downwards. _barren fronds_ 1ft. to 2ft. long, often 1ft.
broad, the upper part deeply pinnatifid, with lanceolate lobes,
the lower part pinnate, with entire or deeply pinnatifid lower
pinnæ. _fertile fronds_ much smaller, with distant narrow linear
or pinnatifid leafy pinnæ. Tropical America. Stove species. SYN.
_Gymnopteris aliena_.
=A. apiifolium= (parsley-leaved).* _cau._ stout, woody, erect.
_sti._ of barren fronds 2in. to 3in. long, erect, densely clothed
with tomentum. _barren fronds_ 4in. to 6in. each way, deltoid,
tripinnate; pinnæ close, only the lowest pair with pinnatifid
pinnules, ultimate divisions oblong-rhomboidal, 1/4in. to
1/3in. long, the base cuneate, the outer edge slightly toothed.
_fertile fronds_ on a slender naked stem 6in. to 8in. long, the
fronds panicled with a few distant, slender, simple, or compound
branches. Philippine Islands, 1862. Stove species. SYN. _Polybotrya
apiifolia_.
=A. apodum= (stemless).* _cau._ thick, woody, the scales dense,
linear, brown, crisped. _sti._ tufted, very short, or obsolete.
_barren fronds_ 1ft. or more long, 1-1/2in. to 2in. broad, the
apex acuminate, the lower part narrowed very gradually, the edge
and midrib densely fringed with soft, short, brown hairs. _fertile
fronds_ much smaller than the barren ones. West Indies to Peru,
1824. Stove species. SYN. _Elaphoglossum apodum_.
=A. appendiculatum= (appendaged).* _rhiz._ firm, woody. _barren
fronds_ 6in. to 18in. long, 4in. to 8in. broad, simply pinnate.
_sti._ 3in. to 6in. long, erect, naked, or slightly scaly; pinnæ
2in. to 4in. long, 3/8in. to 3/4in. broad, the edge varying from
sub-entire to cut half-way down to the midrib of the blunt lobes,
the upper side often auricled, the lower one obliquely truncate,
dark green. _fertile fronds_ narrower, on a longer spike, the pinnæ
roundish or oblong, often distinctly stalked. India, &c., 1824.
Stove species. SYN. _Egenolfia appendiculata_.
=A. aureum= (golden).* _cau._ erect. _sti._ erect, 1ft. to 2ft.
long, strong. _fronds_ 2ft. to 6ft. long, 1ft. to 2ft. broad, the
upper pinnæ fertile, rather smaller than the barren ones, which are
usually stalked, ligulate oblong, 3in. to 1ft. long, 1/2in. to 3in.
broad, acute or blunt, sometimes retuse with a mucro; edge quite
entire, base sub-cuneate. Widely distributed in the tropics of both
hemispheres, 1815. An evergreen aquatic stove species, requiring
abundance of heat and moisture. SYN. _Chrysodium aureum_.
=A. auritum= (eared).* _cau._ erect, woody. _barren fronds_ with a
stipe 6in. to 9in. long, deltoid, 8in. to 12in. each way, ternate,
the central segments deeply pinnatifid, with lanceolate entire
lobes; the lateral ones unequal sided, with lanceolate oblong-lobed
lower pinnules. _fertile fronds_ with a stem 12in. to 18in.
long, deltoid, with distant linear pinnæ half line broad; upper
simple, lower pinnatifid. Philippine Islands. Stove species. SYN.
_Stenosemia aurita_.
=A. axillare= (axillary). _rhiz._ slender, wide scandent. _barren
fronds_ 6in. to 18in. long, about 1in. broad, simple, the point
bluntish, the edge entire, the lower half tapering very gradually
to the base or short stem. _fertile fronds_ 6in. to 12in. long,
one to three lines broad, flexuose, on a stem 1in. to 6in. long.
Himalayas. Greenhouse species. SYN. _Chrysodium axillare_.
=A. barbatum= (bearded). Synonymous with _A. scolopendrifolium_.
=A. bifurcatum= (twice-forked). _sti._ densely tufted, 2in. to 4in.
long, slender, stramineous, naked. _fronds_ 3in. to 4in. long,
about 1/2in. broad, pinnate; lower pinnæ of fertile fronds two
or three cleft, with linear divisions; those of the barren pinnæ
broader, and not so deep. St. Helena. Greenhouse species. SYN.
_Polybotrya bifurcata_.
=A. Blumeanum= (Blume's).* _rhiz._ woody, wide climbing. _sti._
of barren fronds 6in. long, scaly. _barren fronds_ 1ft. to 3ft.
long, 1ft. or more broad, with numerous sessile pinnæ on each
side, which are 4in. to 6in. long, 1in. broad; apex acuminate, the
edge slightly toothed; base rounded. _fertile fronds_ with distant
pinnæ 4in. to 8in. long, 1/8in. to 1/4in. broad. Assam. Greenhouse
species. SYN. _Chrysodium Blumeanum_.
=A. callæfolium= (calla-leaved). A form of _A. latifolium_.
=A. canaliculatum= (channelled).* _rhiz._ woody, wide climbing,
spinulose and scaly. _sti._ 1ft. or more long, scaly throughout.
_fertile fronds_ 2ft. to 3ft. long, 12in. to 18in. broad,
tripinnate; lower barren pinnæ, 6in. to 9in. long, 4in. to 5in.
broad; pinnules lanceolate, stalked, with oblong segments, both
surfaces naked; fertile pinnules close, the segments 1/4in. long,
bearing three to four sessile balls of sori. Venezuela. Stove or
greenhouse species. SYN. _Polybotrya canaliculata_.
=A. caudatum= (tailed). A synonym of _A. petiolosum_.
=A. cervinum= (stag-horned).* _rhiz._ woody, creeping, scaly.
_sti._ 1ft. or more long, scaly. _barren fronds_ 2ft. to 4ft. long,
pinnate; pinnæ 4in. to 9in. long, 1in. to 2in. broad, entire or
nearly so, unequal at the base; fertile pinnæ distant, linear,
lanceolate, bipinnate, with short spreading sub-cylindrical
pinnules. Brazil, 1840. Stove species. SYN. _Olfersia cervina_.