Cranmer, who at the time of the conversation was set upon a scaffold
before the people.
_First Protestant._ See how the tears run down his fatherly face.
_Second Protestant._ James, didst thou ever see a carrion crow
Stand watching a sick beast before he dies?
_Queen Mary._
JAMES, ST.
_See_ =St. James=.
JAMES WILLOWS.
Cousin of Katie Willows, and also her lover--
James Willows, of one name and heart with her.
Katie and her lover quarrelled, and it was implied that the narrator,
Lawrence Aylmer, of whom James was jealous, was the guilty person.
And James departed vext with him and her.
Lawrence, however, did Katie a good turn by engaging the attention of
her father Philip, so that she and James had an opportunity of making
up the quarrel.
‘Arrived and found the sun of sweet content
Re-risen in Katie’s eyes, and all things well.
_The Brook._
JANE.
_See_ =Jenny=.
JANE.
Daughter of Henry Grey, marquis of Dorset and a distinguished linguist.
The duke of Northumberland, who had succeeded Somerset, compelled her
to marry against her wish his fourth son, lord Guildford Dudley, and on
the death of Edward VI had her proclaimed queen. On the accession of
Mary she was sent to the Tower, and being condemned to death was six
months later with her husband beheaded.
_Queen Mary._
JAPAN.
_To Ulysses._
JAQUES.
Our kindlier, trustier Jaques, past away!
Has reference to Jaques, a lord attendant on the banished duke in the
forest of Arden. Is one of the characters in Shakespeare’s _As you
like it_, _All’s well that ends well_, and _Henry V_.
_To Rev. W. H. Brookfield._
JASMINE.
A shrubby plant, bearing flowers of a peculiarly fragrant odour.
_Dream of Fair Women_;
_Aylmer’s Field_;
_The Princess_.
JAY.
A bird allied to the crow family with gay plumage.
_My life is full_;
_Progress of Spring_;
_The Foresters_.
JEAN.
A priest.
_Harold._
JENNY.
Cousin of the speaker in the poem, and to whose house she had come with
the idea of making trouble between the speaker and her lover Willy. She
partially succeeded, being seen one moonlight night taking a walk with
Willy. On account of this the speaker suggested to her lover that they
should part, but Willy said
Sweetheart, I love you so well that your good name is mine.
And what do I care for Jane, let her speak of you well or ill;
But marry me out of hand: we two shall be happy still.’
_Grandmother._
JENNY.
One of a crowd of women and children assembled on London Bridge, who
were much against the marriage of Mary and Philip of Spain.
_Queen Mary._
JEPHTHA.
JEPHTHA’S DAUGHTER.
Pale, for on her the thunders of the house
Had fallen first, was Edith that same night;
Pale as the Jephtha’s daughter,
Has reference to the daughter of Jephtha, who was offered up to God as
a sacrifice. _See Judges xv._
_Aylmer’s Field_;
_The Flight_.
JEROOSILIM (Jerusalem).
_Tomorrow._
JERSEY.
The largest of the Channel Islands.
_First Quarrel._
JERUSALEM.
The capital of ancient Judaea, and of modern Palestine, and the scene
of many important events in Biblical history.
_Columbus_;
_Becket_;
_Promise of May_.
JESSAMINE.
= Jasmine.
_Maud._
JESSMINE.
= Jasmine.
_Spinster’s Sweet-Arts._
JESSES.
Yet while they road together down the plain,
Their talk was all of training, terms of art,
Diet and seeling, jesses, leash and lure.
Two short straps round the legs of a hawk to which was attached the
leash.
_Merlin and Vivien._
JILT.
Name of a horse.
_The Brook._
JINNY.
Daughter of the village squire.
An’ the fever ’ed baäked Jinny’s ’eäd as bald as one o’ them heggs,
_Village Wife._
JOAN.
A French maiden, born of poor parents. Professed to have been inspired
to liberate France from the English; and in 1428 led the French army to
victory, raised the siege of Orleans and saw Charles VII crowned king
at Rheims on July 13, 1429. In the following year she was captured and
sold to the English, and after being imprisoned at Rouen was brought to
trial, and being condemned as a sorceress was burnt to death, May 30,
1431.
_The Princess_;
_Romney’s Remorse_;
_Dream of Fair Women_.
JOAN.
A country wife.
_Queen Mary._
JOÄNES.
Described by an old farmer, whose strength is fast failing, as being
devoid of sense, and a person who could be more easily spared to die
than the farmer himself.
A mowt ’a taäen owd Joänes, as ’ant not a ’aäpoth o’ sense,
_Northern Farmer, Old Style._
JOAN OF KENT.
’twas you
That sign’d the burning of poor Joan of Kent;
But then she was a witch.
Called the ‘Maid of Kent,’ born in 1506. When a domestic servant at
Aldington she came out of an illness in a state of religious mania, and
under the direction of a monk--sent by archbishop Warham to examine
her--gave herself out as a prophetess who had received inspiration
from the Virgin Mary. Events having falsified her predictions she was
in 1533 examined before parliament, confessed the imposture and was
condemned and executed at Tyburn, with other accomplices in April 1534.
When brought to the scaffold she described herself as ‘a poor wench
without learning, who had been puffed up by praises to her own undoing
and that of her companions.’
_Queen Mary._
JOCELYN (Bishop of Salisbury).
No saying of mine--Jocelyn of Salisbury.
= Jocelin de Bohun, bishop of Salisbury 1142-1184.
_Becket._
JOCKY DAWES.
A farmer--tenant of Sir Edward Head--who removed from his farm as it
was supposed to be haunted by a ghost
that shook
The curtains, whined in lobbies, tapt at doors,
And rummaged like a rat: no servant stay’d:
The farmer vext packs up his beds and chairs,
And all his household stuff;
_Walking to the Mail._
JOHN.
What amulet drew her down to that old oak.
So old, that twenty years before, a part
Falling had let appear the brand of John--
The tree had been branded with the letters I.R. (= _John Rex_ or
King), denoting that it had been so marked in the reign of King
John. The marks thus burnt into the bark of the tree had been
concealed from view by the overgrowth of fresh bark, which, falling
off centuries after, had disclosed the ancient brand.
Webb: _Notes on Aylmer’s Field._
T. J. M. writing in _Notes and Queries_, September 25, 1880, says:
‘that in cutting down some timber in Birkland and Billagh, in
Sherwood Forest, letters have been found cut or stamped in the body
of the trees, denoting the king’s reign in which they were so marked.
The cyphers were of the reign of James I., of William and Mary, and
one of King John. The mark of John was eighteen inches within the
tree, and something more than a foot from the centre; it was cut down
in 1791. But the middle year of John’s reign was 1207, from which, if
we subtract 120--the number of years requisite for a tree of two feet
in diameter to arrive at that growth--it will make the date of its
planting 1085, or about twenty years after the Conquest.’
J. T. F. in the same issue of _Notes and Queries_ tells us:
‘that a bit of oak bearing the two Roman letters I.R., was given to
his grandfather, William Fowler, of Winterton, some sixty years ago,
by a gentleman in the neighbourhood of Newark. The letters, which are
a little over an inch in height, are cut or branded directly across
the grain of the wood. Attached to the fragment is a label inscribed
as follows:--
‘This piece of wood was found in an Oak tree, 15 inches below the
bark, and contained the Initials of King John, who died at Newark 600
years ago.’
_Aylmer’s Field._
JOHN.
St. John the Evangelist. Columbus considered the words in the Book of
Revelation, chap. i, verse 1, referred to him.
_Columbus._
JOHN.
Let them go.
They go like those old Pharisees in John
Convicted by their conscience, arrant cowards,
= The Gospel of St. John.
_Queen Mary._
JOHN.
Prince John, afterwards king of England.
_The Foresters._
JOHN.
JOHN OF OXFORD.
Bishop of Norwich; president of the Council of Clarendon in 1164; in
November of the same year--after Becket’s flight--was sent with other
bishops, to the French king requesting that he would not receive the
archbishop. In 1166 Becket while at Veselay formally excommunicated
him, but he obtained absolution from Alexander III. In 1175 he was
appointed bishop of Norwich by Henry II. His latter years appear to
have been spent in retirement. He died in 1200.
_Becket._
JOHN.
JOHN OF SALISBURY.
Bishop of Chartres; secretary to archbishop Theobald for some years;
fell into disgrace with Henry II and appealed to Becket to intercede
for him; left England in 1164 but returned in 1170 after Becket’s
interview with Henry at Freteval. Was in the company of Becket when
the four knights made their appearance in Canterbury Cathedral, and
advised Becket to be prudent in his dealings with them; when the actual
attack began he fled and hid himself. After the murder he supported
the inclusion of Becket’s name in the calendar of martyrs and wrote a
biography of him with a view of securing his canonization. In 1176 he
was appointed bishop of Chartres. He died on October 25, 1179, and was
buried in the monastery of Josaphat.
_Becket._
JOHN (Prester).
_See_ =Prester John=.
JOHN, ST.
_See_ =St. John=.
JOHN THE SWEARER.
_See_ =John of Oxford=.
JONAH.
‘I am the Jonah, the crew should cast me into the deep,
_The Wreck._
JONAH.
I had liefer that the fish had swallowed me,
Like Jonah, than have known there were such devils.
_Harold._
JONAH’S GOURD.
In us true growth, in her a Jonah’s gourd,
Up in one night and due to sudden sun:
_See Jonah iv. 6._
_The Princess._
JOSEPH.
of Arimathæa. The story is that after Joseph of Arimathæa had begged
the body of Christ he followed Philip to Gaul as a preacher, and being
sent across the Channel to carry the gospel into Britain landed with
his boat at Glastonbury.
And finds himself descended from the Saint
Arimathæan Joseph; him who first
Brought the great faith to Britain over seas;
Arviragus, a heathen king at that time welcomed Joseph and gave him
land upon which to build a church, and he erected a wattle church on
the site of St. Mary’s Chapel, Glastonbury, which is supposed to have
been destroyed by fire about 1180.
‘From our old books I know
That Joseph came of old to Glastonbury,
And there the heathen Prince, Arviragus,
Gave him an isle of marsh whereon to build;
And there he built with wattles from the marsh
A little lonely church in days of yore,
Joseph brought with him from the land of Aromat the Holy Grail, the cup
in which he is said to have caught some of the blood of Christ, as He
hung upon the cross.
but now--the Quest,
This vision--hast thou seen the Holy Cup,
That Joseph brought of old to Glastonbury?
Upon landing he planted his pilgrim’s staff into the ground, which took
root and grew into a Holy Thorn, which miraculously blossomed every
old Christmas eve until it was cut down by a puritan soldier who was
wounded in the act. A graft of the thorn is however supposed to exist.
the good saint
Arimathæan Joseph, journeying brought
To Glastonbury, where the winter thorn
Blossoms at Christmas, mindful of our Lord.
He is the reputed founder of Glastonbury Abbey--which includes in
the north transept the Chapel of St. Mary (otherwise known as St.
Joseph’s), and he is said to lie buried on a hill known as Chalice Hill.
_Balin and Balan_;
_Holy Grail_.
JOSHUA.
Than that earth should stand at gaze like Joshua’s moon in Ajalon!
The successor of Moses as the leader of the Israelites. In the valley
of Ajalon, the scene of a battle between the Israelites and five
Canaanitish kings, he commanded the sun and the moon to stand still.
_Joshua x. 12._
_Locksley Hall._
JOSHUA.
What fame? I am not Raphaël, Titian--no,
Nor even a Sir Joshua, some will cry.
= Sir Joshua Reynolds, the English painter.
_Romney’s Remorse._
JUDAH.
Not least art thou, thou little Bethlehem
In Judah, for in thee the Lord was born:
_See Matthew ii._
_Sir John Oldcastle, Lord Cobham._
JUDITH.
_See_ =Holofernes=.
_The Princess._
JUDITH.
But your Judith--but your worldling--_she_ had never driven me wild.
Judith was the woman who had jilted the grandson of the speaker.
_Locksley Hall Sixty Years After._
JULIAN.
Cousin and foster-brother of Camilla, for whom he conceived a silent
love.
I did not speak: I could not speak my love.
Love lieth deep: Love dwells not in lip-depths.
When Camilla told him of her love for his friend Lionel his heart was
broken and he lived a life of solitude. Camilla married Lionel, but
died within the year. She was buried in an open coffin in the family
vault, where she was visited by Julian who embraced her in death.
He rose and went, and entering the dim vault,
And, making there a sudden light, beheld
All round about him that which all will be.
The light was but a flash, and went again.
Then at the far end of the vault he saw
His lady with the moonlight on her face;
Her breast as in a shadow-prison, bars
Of black and bands of silver, which the moon
Struck from an open grating overhead
High in the wall, and all the rest of her
Drown’d in the gloom and horror of the vault.
As he held her to him, he felt her pulse beat, she was alive; and
taking her into his arms carried her to her mother’s house, where
immediately afterwards her child was born. Then Julian made a feast to
which Lionel was invited. At the end of the feast, in accordance with
a Persian custom which showed the guests the richest treasure of his
host, he brought Camilla and the babe into the room. She was reunited
to Lionel.
Then taking his dear lady by one hand,
And bearing on one arm the noble babe,
He slowly brought them both to Lionel.
And there the widower husband and dead wife
Rush’d each at each with a cry, that rather seem’d
For some new death than for a life renew’d;
And Julian, magnanimous at the spectacle of their happiness, without
bidding farewell, rushed from the scene:
‘It is over: let us go’--
There were our horses ready at the doors--
We bad them no farewell, but mounting these
He past for ever from his native land;
And I with him, my Julian, back to mine.
_Lover’s Tale._
JULIET.
_Gardener’s Daughter._
JULIUS (the Third).
Pope of Rome from 1550 to 1555. As a cardinal he was one of the papal
legates at the Council of Trent, and on being appointed pope sent
cardinal Pole to England to arrange with Mary as to the best means of
bringing the kingdom again in subjection to the papal see.
_Queen Mary._
JUMIÉGES.
_See_ =Robert of Jumiéges=.
JUNO.
In Italian mythology the wife of Jupiter and queen of heaven. Her
temple at Rome, which was in the Capitol close to Jupiter, was one of
the most ancient and venerated. As queen of the heavens, she presided
over marriage, and particularly patronised the most faithful and
virtuous of the sex, and severely punished lewdness in matrons. She was
the goddess of power and empire, and is represented sitting on a throne
with a diadem on her head and a golden sceptre in her right hand. In
another form of worship she is represented as clad in a mantle of
goat-skin, bearing a shield and an uplifted spear, and accompanied by a
sacred serpent. In Greek mythology she was identified with Herè. Paris
(_q.v._), the shepherd-prince of Troy, was appointed arbiter to decide
which of the three goddesses (Juno, Pallas Athene and Venus) was the
most beautiful, and to which should be awarded the golden apple, the
prize of beauty. On appearing before Paris she made an attempt to bribe
him, promising him sovereignty.
She to Paris made
Proffer of royal power, ample rule
Unquestion’d, overflowing revenue
Wherewith to embellish state, ‘from many a vale
And river-sunder’d champaign clothed with corn,
Or labour’d mine undrainable of ore.
* * * * *
Still she spake on and still she spake of power,
‘Which in all action is the end of all;
Power fitted to the season; wisdom-bred
And throned of wisdom--from all neighbour crowns
Alliance and allegiance, till thy hand
Fail from the sceptre-staff.’
Paris however decided in favour of Venus.
_A Character_;
_The Cup_.
JUPITER.
In Italian mythology the lord of heaven, identified with the Greek
Zeus. His chief seat of worship was the Capitol at Rome, an earthenware
image being enthroned in the temple, with a thunderbolt in his right
hand. After existing for 400 years the temple was burnt down, but
was rebuilt with increased magnificence in +B.C.+ 83. It was again
destroyed by fire +A.D.+ 70, and scarcely had it been rebuilt by
Vespasian when it was again burnt down +A.D.+ 80; but in +A.D.+ 82
Domitian erected a temple which stood as late as the ninth century.
_The Cup._
KALIFA.
Those cobras ever setting up their hoods--
One Alla! one Kalifa!
A title given to the successors of Mahomet.
_Akbar’s Dream._
KAPIOLANI.
A great chieftainess who lived in the Sandwich islands at the beginning
of the eighteenth century. She won the cause of Christianity by
openly defying the priests of the terrible goddess Peelè. In spite of
their threats of vengeance she ascended the volcano Mauna-Loa, then
clambered down over a bank of cinders 400 feet high to the great lake
of fire (nine miles round)--Kilauēä--the home and haunt of the goddess,
and flung into the boiling lava the consecrated berries which it was
sacrilege for a woman to handle. _Poet’s Note._
_Kapiolani._
KARNAC.
Hong-Kong, Karnac, and all the rest.
= The temple of Karnac in Egypt.
_To Ulysses._
KATE.
Friend of a little girl Alice, who is to be ‘Queen of the May.’
_May Queen._
KATE.
A girl who according to the description given of her by the poet bears
a very strong resemblance to Shakespeare’s Kate--the Shrew. She is
described as woman-soldier.
My woman-soldier, gallant Kate,
As pure and true as blades of steel.
Her lover expresses a wish that he were an armed and far-famed knight.
Then he thinks that Kate would accept his love:
Kate loves well the bold and fierce;
But none are bold enough for Kate,
She cannot find a fitting mate.
_Kate._
KATE.
An attendant on Maid Marian.
_The Foresters._
KATEKIN.
_Little John._ I have lodged my pretty Katekin in her bower.
_The Foresters._
KATIE WILLOWS.
Daughter and only child of Philip Willows, and born and bred amid
country surroundings.
A daughter of our meadows, yet not coarse,
Straight, but as lissome as a hazel wand;
Her eyes a bashful azure, and her hair
In gloss and hue the chestnut,
She was betrothed to James Willows, her cousin, with whom she
quarrelled. James was supposed to be jealous of a certain Lawrence
Aylmer, who afterwards engaged the attention of Katie’s father in
conversation concerning the farm, so that she and James had an
opportunity of making up their quarrel. Lawrence related how at the
conclusion of his conversation with Philip, he
found the sun of sweet content
Re-risen in Katie’s eyes, and all things well.
_The Brook._
KATTY’S.
The name of the proprietor of a grog-shop.
_Tomorrow._
KAY.
A Knight of the Round Table; son of sir Ector and foster-brother of
king Arthur. He was a rude and boastful knight, and delighted in giving
nicknames. He called sir Brewnor the ‘Shocking Bad Coat’ and sir Gareth
he nicknamed ‘Beaumains’ on account of his large hands.
_Gareth and Lynette_;
_Last Tournament_.
KEMBLE.
John Mitchel Kemble, Anglo-Saxon scholar; son of Charles Kemble.
Editor of writings of the Anglo-Saxon period, his chief works being
_Codex Diplomaticus aevi Saxonici_ and _The Saxons in England_. Made
the acquaintance of Tennyson whilst at Cambridge and soon afterwards
the poet visited him in London.
_To W. C. Macready._
KENDAL CHURCH.
Have I not met you somewhere long ago?
I am all but sure I have--in Kendal church--
O yes!
Kendal is a town in Westmorland.
_Romney’s Remorse._
KENT.
_Edwin Morris_;
_A Welcome to Her Royal Highness Marie Alexandrovna,
Duchess of Edinburgh_;
_Queen Mary_;
_Becket_.
KESTREL.
A small species of falcon allied to the sparrow-hawk.
_Boädicea._
KHAN.
A title of a Tartar sovereign or prince.
_Columbus._
KILAUĒÄ.
A lake of fire (nine miles round) in the island of Hawaii, the home
of the goddess Peelè. It was into this lake that Kapiolani, the
chieftainess of the Sandwich islands, defied the goddess by descending
and flinging into the boiling lava the consecrated berries which it was
sacrilege for a woman to handle.
_Kapiolani._
KINGCUP.
= The common buttercup.
_Queen Mary_;
_A Dirge_;
_City Child_;
_Last Tournament_;
_Progress of Spring_.
KINGSTON.
_Wyatt._ Be happy, I am your friend.
To Kingston, forward!
= Kingston-upon-Thames.
_Queen Mary._
KINGSTON BRIDGE.
we must round
By Kingston Bridge.
A bridge over the river Thames.
_Queen Mary._
KITE.
A rapacious bird of the hawk kind.
_Boädicea_;
_Promise of May_;
_Harold_.
KITTEN.
A young cat.
_Merlin and Vivien._
KNUT.
Or Athelstan, or English Ironside
Who fought with Knut, or Knut who coming Dane
Died English.
King of Denmark, Norway and England. After succeeding his father
as king of Denmark he landed in England and was chosen king at
Southampton. Edmund Ironside who had been elected king in 1016 on the
death of Edward the Confessor however opposed him so bravely that an
agreement was entered into at Olney, an island in the Severn, by which
the kingdom was divided, but Edmund being assassinated a few weeks
afterwards Knut obtained the whole of the kingdom. A famous story is
told of him that seated in a chair on the seashore at Southampton he
rebuked his flattering courtiers by showing to them how regardless the
waves were of his kingly power, and bade them to remember that the
Great Being only was the One whom the waters and winds obeyed. In 1027
he made a pilgrimage to Rome and founded the monasteries of St. Bennet
at Holme, and St. Edmund’s Bury. He died at Shaftesbury and was buried
in Winchester Cathedral. Knutsford (‘Canute’s ford’) a town in Cheshire
is supposed to have derived its name from this king (995-1035).
_Harold._
KNYVETT.
_See_ =Antony, Antony Knyvett=.
KORAN.
The Mohammedan bible.
_Akbar’s Dream._
KRAKEN.
Far, far beneath in the abysmal sea,
His ancient, dreamless, uninvaded sleep
The Kraken sleepeth:
A fabulous sea-monster, supposed to have been seen in the Norwegian
seas.
_The Kraken._
KYPRIS.
Ay, and this Kypris also--
= Venus.
_Lucretius._
LABURNUM.
A small tree with beautiful flowers, a native of the Alps.
_In Memoriam._
LACTANTIUS.
Some cited Old Lactantius: could it be
That trees grew downward, rain fell upward, men
Walk’d like the fly on ceilings?
A Christian apologist in the fourteenth century.
_Columbus._
LADY-FERN.
A pretty British fern.
_Balin and Balan._
LADY OF SHALOTT.
A beautiful lady who dwelt in a castle on the island of Shalott.
On either side the river lie
Long fields of barley and of rye,
That clothe the wold and meet the sky;
And thro’ the field the road runs by
To many-tower’d Camelot;
And up and down the people go,
Gazing where the lilies blow
Round an island there below,
The island of Shalott.
In this castle she sat and sang, and wove a web of beautiful silk
embroidery in many colours. In front of her hung a large mirror,
through the medium of which she viewed the outside world, as a curse
would fall upon her if she looked through the window.
There she weaves by night and day
A magic web with colours gay.
She has heard a whisper say,
A curse is on her if she stay
To look down to Camelot.
She knows not what the curse may be
And so she weaveth steadily,
And little other care hath she,
The Lady of Shalott.
One night a bride and bridegroom passed down the winding road to
Camelot, and as they strolled along the road in the moonlight, and she
saw the happiness that shone in their eyes, a longing sprang into her
heart, and she cried out in a passionate voice: ‘I am half sick of
shadows.’
Or when the moon was overheard,
Came two young lovers lately wed;
‘I am half sick of shadows,’ said
The Lady of Shalott.
Eventually on the path leading to Camelot came a figure of a knight. It
was sir Lancelot, one of the Knights of the Table Round. On his shield
was the figure of a red-cross knight kneeling to a fair lady.
A bow-shot from her bower-eaves,
He rode between the barley-sheaves,
The sun came dazzling thro’ the leaves,
And flamed upon the brazen greaves
Of bold Sir Lancelot.
A red-cross knight for ever kneel’d
To a lady in his shield,
That sparkled on the yellow field,
Beside remote Shalott.
As sir Lancelot approached the magic island, singing ‘Tirra lirra,’ his
reflection fell on the magic mirror, and the lady who could no longer
resist the temptation, leaned upon the sill of the window, and looked
down to Camelot.