100-yard dash 10-1/5 sec. F. H. Bigelow.
220-yard run 22-2/5 " F. H. Bigelow.
440-yard run 50-3/5 " T. E. Burke.
Half-mile run 2 m. 1-1/5 " R. H. Hanson.
Mile run 4 " 32-2/5 " W. T. Laing.
Mile walk 7 " 11-3/5 " J. S. Eells.
120-yard hurdle (3 ft. 6 in.) 17 " E. C. Perkins.
220-yard hurdle (2 ft. 6 in.) 26-1/2 " E. D. Field.
Mile bicycle 2 " 34-1/5 " I. A. Powell.
Two-mile bicycle 5 " 18-2/5 " G. F. Baker, Jun.
Running high jump 5 ft. 11 in. S. A. W. Baltazzi.
Running broad jump 21 " 7 " A. Cheek.
Pole vault 10 " 9 " B. Johnson.
Throwing 12-lb. hammer 125 " R. T. Johnson.
Throwing 16-lb. hammer 118 " 2-3/4 " F. C. Ingalls.
Putting 12-lb. shot 42 " 5-1/2 " Patterson.
Putting 16-lb. shot 39 " 3 " M. C. O'Brien.
Event. School.
100-yard dash Worcester H.-S.
220-yard run Worcester H.-S.
440-yard run Boston English H.-S.
Half-mile run Boston English H.-S.
Mile run Phillips Academy, Andover.
Mile walk Hotchkiss, Lakeville, Conn.
120-yard hurdle (3 ft. 6 in.) Hartford H.-S.
220-yard hurdle (2 ft. 6 in.) Hartford H.-S.
Mile bicycle Cutler, N.Y.
Two-mile bicycle Hotchkiss, Lakeville, Conn.
Running high jump Harvard, N.Y.
Running broad jump Oakland, Cal., H.-S.
Pole vault Worcester Academy.
Throwing 12-lb. hammer Brookline H.-S.
Throwing 16-lb. hammer Hartford H.-S.
Putting 12-lb. shot Evansville.
Putting 16-lb. shot Boston English H.-S.
Event. Time and Place.
100-yard dash N.E.I.S.A.A. games, June 9, 1894.
220-yard run N.E.I.S.A.A. games, June 9, 1894.
440-yard run N.E.I.S.A.A. games, June 9, 1894.
Half-mile run N.Y.I.S.A.A. games, June 5, 1896.
Mile run N.E.I.S.A.A. games, June 9, 1894.
Mile walk Conn. H.-S.A.A. games, June 6, 1896.
120-yard hurdle (3 ft. 6 in.) Conn. H.-S.A.A. games, 1894.
220-yard hurdle (2 ft. 6 in.) Conn. H.-S.A.A. games, June 8, 1895.
Mile bicycle N.Y.I.S.A.A. games, May 11, 1895.
Two-mile bicycle Conn. H.-S.A.A. games, June 8, 1895.
Running high jump N.Y.I.S.A.A. games, May 11, 1895.
Running broad jump A.A.L. field day, Oct. 16, 1894.
Pole vault N.E.I.S.A.A. games, June 5, 1896.
Throwing 12-lb. hammer N.E.I.S.A.A. games, June 9, 1894.
Throwing 16-lb. hammer Conn. H.-S.A.A. games, June 6, 1896.
Putting 12-lb. shot Wis. I.S.A.A. games, May 30, 1896.
Putting 16-lb. shot N.E.I.S.A.A. games, 1894.
The Knickerbocker Athletic Club is a newcomer in athletics, and its
officials do not know yet, or did not know at the time of the National
Games, that there are, as I have stated, half a dozen gentlemen in this
city who almost always hold certain official positions on
interscholastic occasions. Of course such ignorance is pardonable, but I
do not think that the Knickerbocker managers should be so readily
pardoned for inviting certain gentlemen to act as officials without
consulting the officers of the National Association. So far as I am able
to find out, the Knickerbocker Club did not submit the names of those
whom they had chosen to act as officials to any officer of the National
Association, and the latter, so I am told, did not know who were to act
as referee and judges until shortly before they reached the Columbia
Oval on the afternoon of June 20.
It was too late then to make any changes, of course, and all the
officers of the National Association could do was to blame themselves
for their own carelessness and thoughtlessness in not asking to see a
list of the officials a week before the games. There was no fault to be
found with the manner in which the gentlemen chosen by the Knickerbocker
Club performed their duties, yet there was an indescribable something
lacking on the field that day which we have always felt and appreciated
at other interscholastic functions.
There was not exactly an air of professionalism about the proceedings,
and yet the officials went about their work in such a "professional" way
that the gentle, amateur, leisurely atmosphere of other times and
seasons was not there. Furthermore, there was a slight inclination
toward bossism in some quarters; and young men who are taking part in
amateur sports do not care to be bossed, and if they have reason to
suspect that they are going to be bossed, it may be put down as a
certainty that they will not again compete under similar conditions. I
haven't any doubt that next year, no matter under what conditions the
National Games are held, the officers of the Association will choose
their own officials, and there will be found among them the same
gentlemen who for years have helped to make school-boy field days the
pleasant affairs they always are.
But it is only just to say to any organization, whether it be in New
York or in any other city, which hopes to succeed in the management of
school-boy sports, that it must carry out the school-boy idea of the
proprieties of things; and school-boys have very distinct ideas of what
they want; and if school-boys are pleased to have certain gentlemen,
school and college graduates, to act as officials at their sports, these
same gentlemen must be asked to hold these same positions, or the
organization will very soon lose favor in scholastic eyes. Nevertheless,
the schools must remember that the Knickerbocker Athletic Club is the
first that ever did anything for interscholastic sport, and for this
reason they should be willing to overlook a great deal.
[Illustration: Bayne, c.f. Young, l.f. Grant, s.s. Hasbrouck, 2 b.
Wiley, c.
Huntington, r.f. Pell, 1 b. Bien, Jun., p. Fleming, 3 b.
THE BERKELEY SCHOOL BASEBALL NINE.--Champions N.Y.I.S.A.A.]
A number of years ago it was a very common thing for college men and
other amateurs to devote a large part of their summer to the playing of
baseball. So popular did this playing on "summer nines" become that a
number of hotels offered inducements to clever amateur players to come
and spend a few weeks at their resort in order that the locality might
have a good baseball nine as a sort of summer attraction. The custom
went from bad to worse, until summer resorts actually began to bid one
against the other for the most capable players.
Many amateurs who would not for a moment have considered any other kind
of proposition found that they had easy consciences when it was merely a
question of taking a reduction in board and lodging. They seemed to fail
to recognize the fact that by accepting such a reduction they were
practically accepting the sum of money which the hotel-keeper subtracted
from their bills at the end of their stay. In some cases, too, no bills
at all were submitted to the baseball boarders. Thus amateurs were
rapidly sliding into the path of professionalism, and the colleges found
that they must take some steps to interfere with summer baseball
playing.
All of the colleges now, I think, with the possible exception of Brown,
have rules forbidding the playing of baseball on "summer nines," the
penalty being that any member of the college who does this becomes
ineligible to any university team. And thus summer playing for college
men has been effectively put a stop to.
The colleges, however, cannot legislate against players who are not
members of their institutions, and they have found it difficult to
prevent sub-Freshmen or school-boy players from accepting the favors of
hotel-keepers or others in return for belonging to the hotel's nine.
Princeton, however, has seized the bull by the horns, and has issued a
decree, which was sent around to all the preparatory schools last
spring, stating that no one will be considered eligible to any of the
university teams who has at any time played for any sort of
compensation.
[Illustration: L. Biddle bow. Goodwin, 2. N. Biddle, 3. Niedecken, 4.
Howard, 5. Brock, 6. Shiverick; cox. Wheeler, 7. Thomas, stroke.
THE VICTORIOUS HALCYON CREW, ST. PAUL'S SCHOOL, CONCORD.]
This is an excellent rule, and will effectively put a stop to summer
ball-playing by young men who are preparing for Princeton, and who hope
to achieve the honor of playing on the university nine. It is to be
hoped that every other university and college in this country will adopt
similar rules.
But aside from the penalties that are to be incurred for playing on
"summer nines," there must be a number of other reasons that will
prevent school-boys from running the risk of being looked upon as
semi-professionals. I say "semi-professionals," although there is really
no half-way house between amateurism and professionalism. If a young man
accepts reduced board at any time, or a uniform, or a pair of shoes or
stockings, or in fact anything that has any commercial value whatever,
as a reward for any kind of services rendered in athletics, he is a
professional.
NATIONAL INTERSCHOLASTIC RECORDS.
Event. Record.
100-yard dash 10-1/5 sec.
220-yard dash 22-2/5 "
Quarter-mile run 51-2/5 "
Half-mile run 1 m. 59-3/5 "
One-mile run 5 " 10-1/5 "
120-yard hurdles (3 ft. 6 in.) 16-4/5 "
220-yard hurdles (2 ft. 6 in.) 26-2/5 "
One-mile walk 7 " 53-2/5 "
One-mile bicycle 2 " 36 "
Running high jump 5 ft. 8 in.
Running broad jump 21 " 1 "
Pole vault 10 " 5 "
Throwing 12-lb. hammer 129 " 10 "
Putting 12-lb. shot 43 " 4 "
Event. Holder.
100-yard dash W. H. Jones, New England I.S.A.A.
220-yard dash W. H. Jones, New England I.S.A.A.
Quarter-mile run H. L. Washburn, New York I.S.A.A.
Half-mile run W. S. Hipple, New York I.S.A.A.
One-mile run D. T. Sullivan, New England I.S.A.A.
120-yard hurdles (3 ft. 6 in.) A. F. Beers, New York I.S.A.A.
220-yard hurdles (2 ft. 6 in.) J. H. Converse, New England I.S.A.A.
One-mile walk A. L. O'Toole, New England I.S.A.A.
One-mile bicycle O. C. Roehr, Long Island I.S.A.A.
Running high jump { F. R. Sturtevant, Connecticut H.-S.A.A.
{ T. Flourney, Iowa State H.-S.A.A.
Running broad jump H. Brown, Connecticut H.-S.A.A.
Pole vault R. G. Clapp, New England I.S.A.A.
Throwing 12-lb. hammer F. C. Ingalls, Connecticut H.-S.A.A.
Putting 12-lb. shot F. C. Ingalls, Connecticut H.-S.A.A.
The word "professional" means an individual who performs in athletics
for the sake of the reward that he is to receive. It does not make any
difference whether this reward comes to him in cash, clothing, or pie.
And he cannot evade being classed among professionals if he once accepts
any kind of remuneration. Of course it seems different to those young
men who do not think seriously about the ethics of sport. They think
that they are not accepting any remuneration if they allow a
hotel-keeper or an athletic club to furnish them with a suit of
clothes--a baseball uniform--and pay their expenses.
They argue that it is only just, if they are playing baseball, that
their expenses to and from neighboring resorts should be paid, and they
do not see why the hotel or the club, if it chooses to, should not
present uniforms to the young men who are playing ball. But it seems to
me that this very argument is strongest when looked at from the other
side. The young men who accept uniforms or expenses do so because they
feel that it is worth while for the hotel man or the club to spend that
money to have them play baseball.
Therefore, if it is worth anything to the hotel man to pay them this
money, their services acquire a commercial value. As soon as services
are recognized to have a commercial value, and are paid for, either
directly or indirectly, the one who accepts the reward or remuneration,
either directly in cash or clothing, or indirectly in railroad fare and
hotel bills, becomes a professional, for he has made use of his ability
as an athlete to obtain railroad transportation or board at no expense
to himself beyond his skill as an athlete.
There is a difference in playing at summer resorts for the sport of the
thing and in playing for the advantage of it. Young men who like to play
baseball, and who can get up a nine wherever they happen to be this
summer, should do so by all means, for there is nothing healthier than
sport of this kind. But they should not allow any one to let them derive
any kind of financial advantage from the fact that they know how to play
baseball, and they should not allow any of their friends or admirers to
induce them to go to any certain resort because they know how to play
baseball.
Young men usually want to do what they consider the right thing, and
what their older brothers and their friends among older men consider the
right thing. College men have come to the conclusion that playing on
summer nines is a bad thing for amateur sport, and if there are a number
of young men, readers of this Department, not yet in college, who have
not given sufficient thought to the matter, and who very possibly cannot
see the serious side of the question just now, let them, for the
present, rest upon the judgment of the college men, and abide by their
decision, and when they get to be college men themselves they will
appreciate the situation as they cannot now, and they will be very glad
that they left playing on "summer nines" to others who were not such
thorough sportsmen as they, and who by so doing lose much that they can
never regain in after years.
This Department prints again this week a table of the Interscholastic
records of the United States, and also a table of the National
Interscholastic records, in order that many who have not made a
distinction between these two classes of figures may see what this
difference is. As was stated last week, a National Interscholastic
record is one made at the National Games, whereas an Interscholastic
record is one made at any interscholastic field-meeting. We may feel
perfectly sure that the figures as printed in the National table are
absolutely correct, for there has been only one National Interscholastic
meeting, that of June 20 of this year.
The Berkeley School nine, which won the Interscholastic Championship
this year, is undoubtedly one of the strongest baseball teams ever
developed at any of the New York city schools. This team earned the
championship of the Association by 167-10. The team was an unusually
hard-hitting one, and in one game alone the Berkeley players pounded out
eight home runs. The best individual work of the team was done by Wiley,
Pell, and Huntington. Wiley will undoubtedly be known in a few years as
one of the best amateur catchers, and if he goes to college he should
make a record for himself on the diamond.
"TRACK ATHLETICS IN DETAIL."--ILLUSTRATED.--8VO, CLOTH, ORNAMENTAL,
$1.25.
THE GRADUATE.
[Illustration: ROYAL BAKING POWDER]
[Illustration: THOMPSON'S EYE WATER]
HARPER'S NEW CATALOGUE,
Thoroughly revised, classified, and indexed, will be sent by mail to any
address on receipt of ten cents.
[Illustration: BICYCLING]
This Department is conducted in the interest of Bicyclers, and the
Editor will be pleased to answer any question on the subject. Our
maps and tours contain many valuable data kindly supplied from the
official maps and road-books of the League of American Wheelman.
Recognizing the value of the work being done by the L.A.W., the
Editor will be pleased to furnish subscribers with membership
blanks and information so far as possible.
[Illustration: Copyright, 1896, by Harper & Brothers.]
This week we give a map of the city of Chicago. It will be observed that
all the streets of the city are not put down on the map, it being
impossible, on a small scale, to include them. A sufficient number of
the principal streets and avenues are given, however, to make it a
simple matter for a wheelman to place himself anywhere in the city, and
find the nearest route to asphalt, macadam, or wood-block pavement. The
roads which are suitable for wheeling are so arranged in the city, as
will be seen from the map, that it is possible to get to any part of it
without having much disagreeable riding.
Starting from the Court-house and going north, the rider should cross
the Chicago River and run out Dearborn Street, turning into Lincoln
Park, and following the Lake Drive out through Evanston. This is not
only the most picturesque ride in the city of Chicago, but it is the
best method of getting out of the north of the city if you are on a trip
by the Lake shore. By turning to the left off the Lake Drive a little
more than half-way through Lincoln Park, crossing the park, and entering
Fullerton Avenue, you will find good wood-block pavement. Running out to
Milwaukee Avenue, and turning right into the latter, which is also block
pavement, you are on the northwest exit from the city. To leave the city
on the westward, cross the branch of the Chicago River, and run from the
Court-house out Washington Boulevard--which is partly asphalt and partly
macadam--pass through Garfield Park, and thence out of the city.
On the south from the Court-house and post-office is one of the famous
runs in the vicinity of Chicago, or, as a matter of fact, in the middle
West. This is a fifteen-mile run to Pullman City. It is a capital road
all the way; it makes a good thirty-mile ride, and is one of the best
roads for a road race that can be had. There have been several
interesting experiments made on this route, such as military operations,
soldiers mounted on bicycles, and carrying of despatches, and there are
road races constantly being held. Leaving the Court-house, run to the
corner of Jackson Street, and Michigan Avenue Boulevard over
granite-block pavement, thence on Michigan Avenue Boulevard to the
corner of Thirty-fifth Street, where you may either turn to the left on
Thirty-fifth Street and run over to the Grand Boulevard, or keep
straight on Michigan Avenue Boulevard to Garfield Boulevard, turning
left into this and running into Washington Park. The former route is
better on account of the fact that by this route the rider has the
opportunity of passing through the entire length of Washington Park. On
reaching the Midway in Washington Park, turn to the left, cross the
park, and run eastward into Jackson Park, turning right into this, and
thence proceed to the south of Stony Island Avenue, which is block
pavement, and run by Hog Lake through South Chicago to Ninety-fifth
Street. At this point turn sharp to the right into Ninety-fifth Street,
turning soon again to the left, and running into Pullman City over a
road of good rideable gravel. This is a run of fifteen miles, and for
the entire distance the pavement and road-bed are not only good and kept
in the best of condition, but some of the road is through parks and the
rest through interesting scenery. At Pullman City you can get a good
seventy-five-cent dinner, and the ride out and back, with the rest at
Pullman, makes a capital wheelman's short tour.
Another possible ride in Chicago is to run north from the Court-house,
through Lincoln Park, up the Lake Drive to Evanston; thence running back
by the same route, but keeping to the right after passing through half
Lincoln Park, running out Fullerton Avenue; thence turning left into
Humboldt Boulevard, following this through Humboldt Park and on to
Central Boulevard; thence turning left through Garfield Park, down West
Jackson Street to Ashland Avenue; turning right into this, proceed to
West Twelfth Street; thence by West Twelfth Street to Douglas Park,
through the park and southward by California Avenue, crossing the south
branch of the Chicago River, turning left into Thirty-first Street and
running westward to Western Avenue Boulevard, turning right again into
the latter and running to Garfield Boulevard at Tremont Ridge; thence by
Garfield Boulevard to Washington Park, and so returning by Grand Avenue
Boulevard and Michigan Avenue Boulevard to the Court-house, or running
southward to Pullman City, as already described.
[Illustration: STAMPS]
This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin
collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question
on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address
Editor Stamp Department.
We Americans pride ourselves on our new inventions, and economical
adaptation of systems and methods originated elsewhere. In postal
matters we still have much to learn. For instance, twenty years ago
Berlin introduced the pneumatic-tube system for the prompt delivery of
local letters. In 1879 Paris adopted the same system, and London,
Vienna, and other European cities followed suit. In London 60,000
letters are daily sent through the tubes.
Philadelphia has just been authorized by the P. O. Department to begin
the work of constructing such a system at once. It is proposed to have a
central pumping station at the new City Hall, from whence lines of pipes
will radiate to every part of the city. The diameter of the tubes is to
be eight inches, thus enabling packages of some size to be sent by this
method. The capacity of the tubes is to be 50,000 letters per hour. When
the system is completed Philadelphia will have the quickest local-mail
delivery in the world. Probably the New York and Brooklyn post-offices
will be connected by pneumatic tube in a few months, and the system is
bound to expand rapidly. It would not be surprising to find Boston, New
York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Washington connected by tubes,
enabling letters and parcels to be forwarded in as many hours as it now
takes days. The telegraph companies will be seriously affected by the
new system.
The operation is very simple. The letters are placed in a leather tube
or carrier, which fits snugly into the pneumatic tube. Then a blast of
air from behind, or the suction of air from the front, or a combination
of the two methods, forces the carrier and its contents forward. As the
friction soon wears out the leather carriers, American genius will be
called upon to invent a metal carrier on "ball-bearings." With leather
tubes about ninety per cent. of the power applied is lost in overcoming
the friction and in waste, only ten per cent. of the total force applied
being used to propel the carrier.
The charge for sending pneumatic letters in Paris was 15c. each in 1879,
and the territory covered was but a small part of the city. To-day every
part of Paris is reached by the tubes, and the charge is 10c. per
letter, the same as our special delivery. Nine varieties of the Paris
pneumatic letters are collected. Probably many of the readers of the
ROUND TABLE have one or more of them. They bear a map of the city on the
face of the envelope, showing the different sections served by this
post. The Berlin and Vienna pneumatic letters are simpler in design.
There are no special designs on the London envelopes.
The latest development in Plate No. collecting is the great advance in
values of all the lower Nos. (say under No. 50) on _water-marked_ paper,
especially of the 1c. stamps. Probably not very many were printed, but
the chances are that many of the smaller post-offices still have some on
hand. One speculator in New York, who travels a great deal, makes it a
point to look over the stock of stamps on hand in every one of the
smaller post-offices whenever he gets permission. He has bought a very
large number, and the U. S. Post-Office Department is just so much
nearer a paying basis, as these stamps never get used in the way of
paying postage.
At the last annual dinner of the London Philatelic Society, Mr. Castle
in a very humorous speech divided the purchasers of stamps into four
classes--bird, beasts, fishes, and reptiles. The birds were those who
collected stamps for the gratification of a hobby; the fishes were those
who watched the market and picked up bargains to sell them thereafter at
an advance; the beasts were, of course, the dealers who preyed on birds
and fishes to the best of their ability, and the reptiles were the
speculators who cornered everything they could find, and locked them up
while awaiting a rise of prices, and thereby prevented many collectors
completing their collections.
C. H. OSMOND, St. Clair, Dunedin, New Zealand, wishes to exchange
stamps.
J. O. HALL.--The 1861 pink is so scarce that I have known a dealer
to let his boy look over two million of the 1861-7 3c. stamps
without finding a single copy. The ordinary rose-color comes in a
multitude of shades.