FEUDAL JUSTICE.
Eberhard the Tricky, one of the equerries of the seigneur of Plouernel,
awaited his master outside of the retreat of Azenor, in company with
Thiebold, justiciary provost of the seigniory. The latter addressed
Neroweg, who was slowly descending the stone staircase.
"The chatelain of the fort of Ferte-Mehan signed the relinquishment of
his fief of Haut-Menil at the third wedge struck into his knee by the
gaoler. The Sire of Breuil-le-Haudoin died of the results of the
torture. The Abbot Guilbert offers three hundred silver sous for his
ransom. But he has not yet been put to the torture, and such offers mean
nothing. We shall proceed in order."
"And then? What other cases are there?"
"That's all. There is to-day nothing else on hand."
While carrying on this conversation the Seigneur of Plouernel, his
provost and his equerry, descended to the basement of the donjon-keep,
at the corner where the staircase landed. A narrow window, guarded with
enormous iron bars, alone lighted this vast hall, bare, somber and
vaulted. In the inside yard several men-at-arms held themselves ready to
mount their horses. Near the center of the hall, which served as a court
of pleas, stood, according to custom, a large stone table, behind which
ranged themselves the officers of the house of the Count--the master of
the horse, the master of the chamber, the master of the dogs, of the
falcons, of the table, and several other dignitaries. These people,
instead of being paid by the seigneurs, bought from them these
hereditary offices in their families, an inheritance that at times
became odd by the contrast it presented between the function and the
incumbent. It happened that a post of runner, sold in fief to an agile
and vigorous man, often descended as the inheritance of a son, as unfit
for the post as a broken-winded ox. The seigneurs, with an eye to
revenue, multiplied these offices all they could, and the purchasers
yielded, not so much to the pride of belonging to the seigniorial
households as to the desire of sheltering themselves from the master's
lawlessness, and of sharing the fruits of his brigandage. In those dark
days, the choice was between oppressing or being oppressed; submitting
to the horrors of serfdom, or becoming the instruments of the feudal
tyrants; joining them in doing violence, robbing and torturing one's
fellows, or resigning oneself to undergo all these sufferings himself.
Such were the sad results of the Frankish conquest. The seigneurs
imposed servitude, the friars preached resignation, and the people of
Gaul became cowardly, selfish and cruel. They rent themselves with their
own hands by turning accomplices to their gaoler.
Besides the head domestics of Neroweg, present at these law
courts,--which took the place of the Germanic "malhs" of the reign of
Clovis--there was also the provost, the bailiff and the scribe of the
seigniory. The latter, seated on a stool, his parchment rolls on his
knees, his desk beside him, his pen between his teeth, awaited the
opening of the session. The first domestics of the Count, respectful and
timid, remained standing in a semi-circle behind their master. Since
four of five centuries back, the class of the leudes, who, in the early
days of the Frankish conquest, lived in common with and as equals of
their chiefs, had ceased to exist. In the measure that the conquest
became more firmly fixed, the titulary and beneficiary seigneurs of the
soil of Gaul, shocked at the idea of equality contracted by their old
companions in arms, evicted them little by little from the domains where
chiefs and leudes had lived in common. The descendants of these obscure
Frankish warriors, sacrificed to the pride and cupidity of the
beneficiaries, soon fell into misery, and from misery into a servitude
equal to that of the Gauls. Since then, Franks and Gauls--the former
disinherited by ingratitude, the latter by conquest, and now joined in
misery and servitude--felt a common hatred towards the church and the
seigneurs. There were then but two classes--the _common people_, serfs,
peasants and bourgeois or townsmen; and _nobles_, knights and seigneurs.
The latter, isolating themselves ever more, lived like absolute
sovereigns in their strongholds, having no equals, but only menials, the
accomplices of their acts of brigandage; or serfs, stupefied by terror
or besotted by the friars.
Gonthram and Guy, the two sons of Neroweg, the younger at the left, the
elder at the right of their father, attended the court. The latter had
just reached the age of knighthood, a glorious event, so dearly paid for
by the serfs of the seigniory. Gonthram resembled his father greatly. A
look at the whelp told what he would be when age would have made of him
a wolf. Guy, the younger, seventeen years of age, recalled the sardonic
and vindictive features of his mother, Hermangarde. These two youths,
brought up in the midst of this life of strife, of rapine and of
debauchery, left to the violence of their passions, disposing as masters
over an abject population, had none of the charms that are the attribute
of adolescence. Away in a corner of the hall stood several bourgeois of
the little town of Plouernel, who had come to complain of the exactions
of the Count's men; or to excuse themselves for failure to pay the
imposts in money and goods that it had pleased their seigneur to lay
upon them; or to plead that the dues credited to the seigneur had long
been met or exceeded; or yet to announce that they had removed from
their roofs the weather-vanes, placed there in ignorance of the
seigniorial rights, and taken down the pigeon houses they had started to
raise in violation of the prescriptions of the feudal law.
The court was also attended by noble vassals of Neroweg, owners of
smaller fortified places or of manors, held under the Count of
Plouernel, the suzerain of these fiefs, the same as Neroweg, a vassal of
William IX., Duke of Aquitaine, held under that suzerain, who, as vassal
of Philip I., in turn held of that French King, the supreme sovereign.
This hierarchy of all feudal seigniories existed in name only, never in
fact. The great vassals, veritable sovereigns, entrenched in their
duchies, laughed at the impotent authority of the King. In turn, the
sovereignty of the dukes was almost despised, contested or attacked by
their vassals, who were absolute masters in their seigniories, as the
dukes in their duchies. The immediate vassalage, however, such as rested
on the vassals of the seigniory of Plouernel, was ever enforced in all
its fullness and tyrannic severity. There, at any time, the implacable
vengeance of the suzerain could reach directly the goods and chattels of
the recalcitrant vassal. Among the people who had come from the city,
from the fortified cities or from their manors, was a handsome young
girl, accompanied by her mother. Sad and uneasy, the two exchanged
alarmed looks when the seigneur of Plouernel, entering the law court
with a somber mien, sat down on a throne, one son at his right, the
other at his left, and ordered Garin the Serf-eater to call the roll of
cases entered for the session.
The bailiff bore no further mark of the wound he had received from
Pierrine the Goat than a plaster on his forehead. He took up a scroll
and commenced calling up the list of cases:
"Gerhard, son of Hugh, who died last month, succeeds his father in the
fief of Heute-Mont, held under the Count of Plouernel. He comes to
acquit the right of relief, and to pledge fealty and homage to his
suzerain."
Thereupon, a man still young, covered with a leather casque and carrying
at his side a long sword, stepped forth from the group of persons who
had come to the session of the court. He came forward holding in his
hand a large purse filled with money, and placed it on the stone table,
thus acquitting the right of relief due the seigneur by all vassals who
take possession of their inheritance. Then, upon a sign of the bailiff,
the new castellan of Heute-Mont, taking off his casque and unbuckling
the belt of his sword, placed himself humbly on both knees before the
seigneur of Plouernel. The bailiff, however, noticing that the country
squire, having come on horseback, retained his spurs, addressed him in
an angry tone: "Vassal, dare you take the pledge of fealty and homage to
your seigneur with the spurs at your heels?"
The young castellan repaired the incongruity by removing his spurs and
dropping back upon his knees at the feet of Neroweg, with hands joined
and head lowered, he humbly waited for his seigneur to pronounce the
consecrated formula: "You acknowledge yourself my liege as the holder of
a fief in my seigniory?"
"Yes, my seigneur."
"You swear upon your soul never to carry arms against me, and to serve
and defend me against my enemies?"
"I swear it, my seigneur."
"Keep thy oath. At the first felonious infraction thy fief reverts to
me!"
Gerhard rose, replaced his spurs and buckled on the belt of his sword,
while casting a sad look upon the purse of money with which he had paid
his right of relief.
After the lord of Heute-Mont, a richly dressed young girl stepped
forward, uneasy, trembling and her eyes full of tears. Her mother, not
less moved than herself, accompanied her. When both were a few steps
from the stone table, the seigneur of Plouernel said to the damsel:
"Have you decided to obey the orders of your suzerain?"
"Monseigneur," answered the young girl, in a feeble and suppliant voice,
"it is impossible for me to resign myself to----"
She could not finish. Sobs smothered her words, and, breaking out in
tears, she dropped her head upon the shoulder of her mother, who said to
the Count: "My good seigneur, my daughter loves Eucher, one of your own
vassals. Eucher loves my daughter Yolande no less tenderly. The union
of these two children would make the happiness of my life----"
"No! no!" interrupted the seigneur of Plouernel, in a towering rage. "By
the death of her father Yolande holds a fief under my seigniory. Mine
alone is the right to dispose of her in marriage. She must choose a
husband from among the three men whom, according to our usage, I have
designated. They are three Franks, that is, nobles--Richard, Enquerrand
and Conrad. The eldest of them not being yet sixty years old, the age
limit is observed. Does Yolande accept one of my three lieges for her
husband?"
"Oh, seigneur," replied the mother imploringly, while the young girl
sobbed aloud, "Richard is mean looking and blind of one eye; Conrad is a
murderer; he killed his first wife in a fit of passion; Enquerrand is
lame, wicked and feared by all who come near him, moreover, he is too
old for my daughter, he will be sixty years within two months. None of
them is fit for Yolande."
"Your daughter, accordingly, refuses to wed one of the three men
presented by me?"
"Seigneur, she wishes no other husband than Eucher; and I may assure you
the lad is worthy of the love of my daughter."
"The devil! We have had words enough. If your daughter insists upon
refusing to select from among my men, and marries Eucher, the fief
reverts to me. It is my right. I shall enforce it."
"In the name of heaven, monseigneur, if you appropriate our lands what
shall we live on? Are we to beg our bread? Have pity upon us!"
Yolande raised her beautiful face, pale and wet with tears, took a step
towards Neroweg, and said, with dignity: "Keep the heritage of my
father. I prefer to live in poverty with him whom I love than to wed any
of these men of yours who inspire me with horror."
"My daughter!" exclaimed the distracted mother, "disobedience to the
seigneur of Plouernel means misery for us!"
"Marriage with one of the three men proposed, means death to me,"
answered the poor child.
"Seigneur, good seigneur!" resumed the stricken mother, "deign to allow
Yolande to remain a spinster. You would not force her to the choice
between our ruin and a marriage that horrifies her?"
"No fief can remain in the possession of a woman," was the sententious
utterance of the bailiff. "Usage is opposed to it."
"We have had enough of words!" cried out Neroweg, stamping the ground
with rage. "This young woman refuses to wed one of my men. The fief is
now mine. Bailiff, you will this evening send a force to take possession
of the house and all its contents. You will eject the two women."
"Mother, let's depart," said Yolande, proudly. "We once were free and
happy; now we are no better than serfs. But I prefer their sad lot to
that reserved for me by Count Neroweg in delivering me to one of his
bandits."
Undoubtedly the seigneur of Plouernel would have revenged himself for
the bitter reproaches of Yolande had he not been prevented by the sudden
arrival of one of his men, who, running in all out of breath, brought
news of the arrest of the Bishop of Nantes, who had appeared at the toll
gate disguised as a mendicant friar, and was recognized by one of the
guards.
"The Bishop of Nantes in my power!" exclaimed Neroweg. "Azenor predicted
it. Her magic charm begins to operate!" He rose precipitately from his
throne, and, followed by his sons and several of his equerries, ran to
meet the bishop, his enemy, who was being led a prisoner, together with
the other travelers captured by the armed guards posted at the toll
gate. Bezenecq the Rich and his daughter Isoline accompanied Simon, the
Bishop of Nantes, and the monk Jeronimo, clad like a prelate. After his
vain efforts to induce the travelers not to cross the seigniory of
Plouernel, the bishop had, nevertheless, joined them, not venturing to
enter alone with Jeronimo upon the territory of the seigneur of
Castel-Redon, and hoping he would pass unperceived amidst a numerous
troop. Unhappily for him, among the guards at the gate was a soldier
named Robin the Nantesian, who had lived in the city of Nantes, and
where he had opportunity to see the leading personages among the
inhabitants. He quickly pointed out Bezenecq the Rich as a townsman from
whom it would be easy to extract a big ransom. Noticing, thereupon, a
monk, who seemed anxious to keep his cowl over his head, he pulled the
frock off the monk and recognized the Bishop of Nantes, a personal enemy
of the Count. The men of Neroweg then seized the two friars, pinioned
them, as well as Bezenecq and his daughter, and accepted the toll from
the other passengers, whom they allowed to pursue their journey. The
bourgeois of Nantes, bound upon his mule, with his daughter bathed in
tears at the crupper, was carried to the castle, with the bishop and
Jeronimo, their hands tied behind their backs, following on foot. When
the captives arrived at the first court-yard of the castle, Bezenecq
alighted from the saddle, and, freed from his bandages, he held up his
daughter, ready to faint. The bishop, pale as death, leaned upon the arm
of Jeronimo, whose resolute carriage betrayed no fears. Neroweg,
accompanied by his sons, arrested his hurrying steps when he came close
to the prisoners, and, addressing them, said, sardonically: "I greet
you, Simon! I greet you, holy man, my father in Christ! I hardly looked
for this joyful meeting!"
"I am at your mercy," answered the prelate; "the will of God be done. Do
with me as you will."
"I shall avail myself of your leave," replied the seigneur of Plouernel.
"Oh, this is a happy day to me!"
"I ask only one favor," rejoined the bishop, "the favor of keeping near
me this poor monk until the moment of my death, that he may help me to
die like a Christian."
"I do not mean to send you quite so soon to Paradise. I have other
designs upon you," and beckoning to Garin the Serf-eater to draw near,
the seigneur of Plouernel whispered a few words in his ear. The bailiff
nodded affirmatively, crossed the drawbridge and entered the donjon.
During their father's brief dialogue with the bishop, Guy and Gonthram
had not ceased to pursue Isoline with their lascivious looks, and the
frightened young girl had hidden her face on the breast of her father.
Robin the Nantesian, raising his voice, said to Neroweg, while placing
his hand on the shoulder of the townsman: "This is one of the richest
merchants of the city of Nantes. He is called Bezenecq the Rich. Forget
not that he is worth his weight in gold."
The Count fastened his falcon eyes upon the captive, and, taking two
steps toward him, said: "Your name is Bezenecq the Rich?"
"I am so called, noble seigneur," humbly answered the bourgeois. "If
your men have arrested me in order to make me pay ransom, I only request
not to be separated from my daughter. Hand me a parchment. I shall write
to the depositary of my money to deliver a hundred gold sous to whomever
of your men shall deliver my letter to him. You will have the sum upon
the return of your messenger, and you will then return our liberty to
myself and my daughter." Seeing that the Count shrugged his shoulders
with a sardonic smile, the merchant added: "Illustrious seigneur,
instead of one hundred gold sous I will give you two hundred. But, I
pray you, for mercy's sake, have me taken with my daughter to some
apartment where the poor child may recover from her fright and the
fatigues of the journey." Isoline, more and more alarmed at the ardent
looks of the two whelps, trembled convulsively. Neroweg, silent as
before, looked from time to time towards the donjon as if awaiting the
return of the bailiff. Bezenecq resumed with an effort: "Seigneur, if
two hundred pieces of gold do not yet suffice you, I shall go as far as
three hundred. It means my ruin. But I resign myself to that, provided
you set my daughter and myself free."
At that moment Garin the Serf-eater came out of the donjon, recrossed
the draw bridge and spoke in an undertone to Neroweg, who, turning to
the prisoners, said: "Come along, my guests! You will learn what I am to
do with you. You are to have a chat with a certain dame of great powers
of persuasion."
"Oh, you butcher! You mean to put me to the torture!" cried the bishop,
horror stricken. "Jesus, my God, have pity upon me! Mercy! Mercy!"
"No weakness, Simon," whispered Jeronimo to him; "we must submit to the
will of God. His ways are inscrutable."
"Let the bishop be taken to his lodging; the monk shall keep him
company." The bishop emitted lamentable cries and essayed to resist the
men who were dragging him into the donjon. "It is now your turn to step
in, Bezenecq the Rich. Come, brother, resistance is useless."
"Have I not offered you three hundred gold sous for my ransom, Count of
Plouernel?" asked the merchant. "If you do not find that sum enough I
shall add another hundred gold pieces. I shall have given you my whole
fortune!"
"Oh, worthy brother, in honor to the commerce of Nantes, I cannot admit
that one of its wealthiest merchants is worth only four hundred gold
sous!" Then, turning to his men: "Conduct my guest and his daughter to
their quarters."
At the moment when the men of Neroweg were about to take hold of
Bezenecq the Rich, Gonthram, brutally seizing the hand of Isoline, whom
the merchant held fainting in his embrace, said: "I take this girl! She
is my share of the ransom!"
"I also want her," cried out Guy, his eyes all aflame and advancing
toward his brother with a menacing look. But Gonthram, little caring for
the words and threats of his brother, made ready to seize the maid and
carry her off. Guy then drew his sword. Gonthram in turn drew his, while
the daughter of the townsman, distracted with terror, shrank within
herself, inert, in a swoon.
"Guy! Gonthram! Put up your swords! This maid shall be none of yours,"
ordered Neroweg. "She shall not leave her father. In the presence of his
daughter the bourgeois will prove more accommodating. Put back your
swords! You, Garin," he went on, turning to the bailiff, "take this
beauty in your arms, if she cannot walk, and carry her in with the old
man."
Isoline, catching, despite her terror, the last words of Neroweg, rose
to her feet with an effort and said to Garin in a suppliant voice: "For
mercy's sake, my good seigneur, take me along with my father. I shall
have strength to walk."
"Come," answered the bailiff, leading her to the draw bridge, while Guy
and Gonthram, slowly returning their swords to their scabbards,
exchanged such vindictive looks that the Count considered it necessary
to remain near them in order to prevent a fresh outbreak.
Isoline, following Garin with unsteady step, crossed the draw bridge and
entered the hall of the stone table, where still several vassals of the
seigneur awaited the close of the session that had been interrupted by
the arrival of the prisoners. At one of the corners of this hall was the
stone staircase that led down in a spiral from the platform of the
donjon to its lowest cells. Near the steps was a trap door. Two men of
sinister figure, clad in goat skins and carrying lanterns in their
hands, stood near the gaping opening. Bezenecq was loudly calling for
his daughter, and resisting with all his force the men who were dragging
him in. Seeing, however, his daughter advancing towards him, he ceased
to offer resistance, but broke down, weeping.
"Hurry up, my rich townsman!" said Garin the Serf-eater to him; "my
seigneur wishes that you and your daughter remain together." Then,
turning to the gaolers who carried the lanterns: "Go down first and
light our way." The gaolers obeyed, and soon the merchant and Isoline
disappeared with them in the depths of the subterranean donjon.