OF MR. JOHN HERITAGE AND THE DIFFERENCE IN POINTS OF VIEW
Dickson McCunn was never to forget the first stage in that pilgrimage. A
little after midday he descended from a grimy third-class carriage at a
little station whose name I have forgotten. In the village near-by he
purchased some new-baked buns and ginger biscuits, to which he was
partial, and followed by the shouts of urchins, who admired his
pack--"Look at the auld man gaun to the schule"--he emerged into open
country. The late April noon gleamed like a frosty morning, but the air,
though tonic, was kind. The road ran over sweeps of moorland where
curlews wailed, and into lowland pastures dotted with very white, very
vocal lambs. The young grass had the warm fragrance of new milk. As he
went he munched his buns, for he had resolved to have no plethoric
midday meal, and presently he found the burnside nook of his fancy, and
halted to smoke. On a patch of turf close to a grey stone bridge he had
out his Walton and read the chapter on "The Chavender or Chub." The
collocation of words delighted him and inspired him to verse. "Lavender
or Lub"--"Pavender or Pub"--"Gravender or Grub"--but the monosyllables
proved too vulgar for poetry. Regretfully he desisted.
The rest of the road was as idyllic as the start. He would tramp
steadily for a mile or so and then saunter, leaning over bridges to
watch the trout in the pools, admiring from a dry-stone dyke the
unsteady gambols of new-born lambs, kicking up dust from strips of
moor-burn on the heather. Once by a fir-wood he was privileged to
surprise three lunatic hares waltzing. His cheeks glowed with the sun;
he moved in an atmosphere of pastoral, serene and contented. When the
shadows began to lengthen he arrived at the village of Cloncae, where he
proposed to lie. The inn looked dirty, but he found a decent widow,
above whose door ran the legend in home-made lettering, "Mrs. brockie
tea and Coffee," and who was willing to give him quarters. There he
supped handsomely off ham and eggs, and dipped into a work called
_Covenanting Worthies_, which garnished a table decorated with
sea-shells. At half-past nine precisely he retired to bed and
unhesitating sleep.
Next morning he awoke to a changed world. The sky was grey and so low
that his outlook was bounded by a cabbage garden, while a surly wind
prophesied rain. It was chilly, too, and he had his breakfast beside the
kitchen fire. Mrs. Brockie could not spare a capital letter for her
surname on the signboard, but she exalted it in her talk. He heard of a
multitude of Brockies, ascendant, descendant and collateral, who seemed
to be in a fair way to inherit the earth. Dickson listened
sympathetically, and lingered by the fire. He felt stiff from
yesterday's exercise, and the edge was off his spirit.
The start was not quite what he had pictured. His pack seemed heavier,
his boots tighter, and his pipe drew badly. The first miles were all
uphill, with a wind tingling his ears, and no colours in the landscape
but brown and grey. Suddenly he awoke to the fact that he was dismal,
and thrust the notion behind him. He expanded his chest and drew in long
draughts of air. He told himself that this sharp weather was better than
sunshine. He remembered that all travellers in romances battled with
mist and rain. Presently his body recovered comfort and vigour, and his
mind worked itself into cheerfulness.
He overtook a party of tramps and fell into talk with them. He had
always had a fancy for the class, though he had never known anything
nearer it than city beggars. He pictured them as philosophic vagabonds,
full of quaint turns of speech, unconscious Borrovians. With these
samples his disillusionment was speedy. The party was made up of a
ferret-faced man with a red nose, a draggle-tailed woman, and a child in
a crazy perambulator. Their conversation was one-sided, for it
immediately resolved itself into a whining chronicle of misfortunes and
petitions for relief. It cost him half a crown to be rid of them.
The road was alive with tramps that day. The next one did the accosting.
Hailing Mr. McCunn as "Guv'nor," he asked to be told the way to
Manchester. The objective seemed so enterprising that Dickson was
impelled to ask questions, and heard, in what appeared to be in the
accents of the Colonies, the tale of a career of unvarying calamity.
There was nothing merry or philosophic about this adventurer. Nay, there
was something menacing. He eyed his companion's waterproof covetously,
and declared that he had had one like it which had been stolen from him
the day before. Had the place been lonely he might have contemplated
highway robbery, but they were at the entrance to a village, and the
sight of a public-house awoke his thirst. Dickson parted with him at the
cost of sixpence for a drink.
He had no more company that morning except an aged stone-breaker whom he
convoyed for half a mile. The stone-breaker also was soured with the
world. He walked with a limp, which, he said, was due to an accident
years before, when he had been run into by "ane o' thae damned
velocipeeds." The word revived in Dickson memories of his youth, and he
was prepared to be friendly. But the ancient would have none of it. He
inquired morosely what he was after, and, on being told, remarked that
he might have learned more sense. "It's a daft-like thing for an auld
man like you to be traivellin' the roads. Ye maun be ill-off for a job."
Questioned as to himself he became, as the newspapers say, "reticent,"
and having reached his bing of stones, turned rudely to his duties.
"Awa' hame wi' ye," were his parting words. "It's idle scoondrels like
you that maks wark for honest folk like me."
The morning was not a success, but the strong air had given Dickson such
an appetite that he resolved to break his rule, and, on reaching the
little town of Kilchrist, he sought luncheon at the chief hotel. There
he found that which revived his spirits. A solitary bagman shared the
meal, who revealed the fact that he was in the grocery line. There
followed a well-informed and most technical conversation. He was drawn
to speak of the United Supply Stores, Limited, of their prospects and of
their predecessor, Mr. McCunn, whom he knew well by repute but had never
met. "Yon's the clever one," he observed. "I've always said there's no
longer head in the city of Glasgow than McCunn. An old-fashioned firm,
but it has aye managed to keep up with the times. He's just retired,
they tell me, and in my opinion it's a big loss to the provision
trade...." Dickson's heart glowed within him. Here was Romance; to be
praised incognito; to enter a casual inn and find that fame had preceded
him. He warmed to the bagman, insisted on giving him a liqueur and a
cigar, and finally revealed himself. "I'm Dickson McCunn," he said,
"taking a bit holiday. If there's anything I can do for you when I get
back, just let me know." With mutual esteem they parted.
He had need of all his good spirits, for he emerged into an unrelenting
drizzle. The environs of Kilchrist are at the best unlovely, and in the
wet they were as melancholy as a graveyard. But the encounter with the
bagman had worked wonders with Dickson, and he strode lustily into the
weather, his waterproof collar buttoned round his chin. The road climbed
to a bare moor, where lagoons had formed in the ruts, and the mist
showed on each side only a yard or two of soaking heather. Soon he was
wet; presently every part of him, boots, body and pack, was one vast
sponge. The waterproof was not water-proof, and the rain penetrated to
his most intimate garments. Little he cared. He felt lighter, younger,
than on the idyllic previous day. He enjoyed the buffets of the storm,
and one wet mile succeeded another to the accompaniment of Dickson's
shouts and laughter. There was no one abroad that afternoon, so he could
talk aloud to himself and repeat his favourite poems. About five in the
evening there presented himself at the Black Bull Inn at Kirkmichael a
soaked, disreputable, but most cheerful traveller.
Now the Black Bull at Kirkmichael is one of the few very good inns left
in the world. It is an old place and an hospitable, for it has been for
generations a haunt of anglers, who above all other men understand
comfort. There are always bright fires there, and hot water, and old
soft leather armchairs, and an aroma of good food and good tobacco, and
giant trout in glass cases, and pictures of Captain Barclay of Urie
walking to London, and Mr. Ramsay of Barnton winning a horse-race, and
the three-volume edition of the Waverley Novels with many volumes
missing, and indeed all those things which an inn should have. Also
there used to be--there may still be--sound vintage claret in the
cellars. The Black Bull expects its guests to arrive in every stage of
dishevelment, and Dickson was received by a cordial landlord, who
offered dry garments as a matter of course. The pack proved to have
resisted the elements, and a suit of clothes and slippers were provided
by the house. Dickson, after a glass of toddy, wallowed in a hot bath,
which washed all the stiffness out of him. He had a fire in his bedroom,
beside which he wrote the opening passages of that diary he had vowed to
keep, descanting lyrically upon the joys of ill weather. At seven
o'clock, warm and satisfied in soul, and with his body clad in raiment
several sizes too large for it, he descended to dinner.
At one end of the long table in the dining-room sat a group of anglers.
They looked jovial fellows, and Dickson would fain have joined them;
but, having been fishing all day in the Loch o' the Threshes, they were
talking their own talk, and he feared that his admiration for Izaak
Walton did not qualify him to butt into the erudite discussions of
fishermen. The landlord seemed to think likewise, for he drew back a
chair for him at the other end, where sat a young man absorbed in a
book. Dickson gave him good evening and got an abstracted reply. The
young man supped the Black Bull's excellent broth with one hand, and
with the other turned the pages of his volume. A glance convinced
Dickson that the work was French, a literature which did not interest
him. He knew little of the tongue and suspected it of impropriety.
Another guest entered and took the chair opposite the bookish young man.
He was also young--not more than thirty-three--and to Dickson's eye, was
the kind of person he would have liked to resemble. He was tall and
free from any superfluous flesh; his face was lean, fine-drawn and
deeply sunburnt so that the hair above showed oddly pale; the hands were
brown and beautifully shaped, but the forearm revealed by the loose
cuffs of his shirt was as brawny as a blacksmith's. He had rather pale
blue eyes, which seemed to have looked much at the sun, and a small
moustache the colour of ripe hay. His voice was low and pleasant, and he
pronounced his words precisely, like a foreigner.
He was very ready to talk, but in defiance of Dr. Johnson's warning, his
talk was all questions. He wanted to know everything about the
neighbourhood--who lived in what houses, what were the distances between
the towns, what harbours would admit what class of vessel. Smiling
agreeably, he put Dickson through a catechism to which he knew none of
the answers. The landlord was called in, and proved more helpful. But on
one matter he was fairly at a loss. The catechist asked about a house
called Darkwater, and was met with a shake of the head. "I know no
sic-like name in this countryside, sir," and the catechist looked
disappointed.
The literary young man said nothing, but ate trout abstractedly, one eye
on his book. The fish had been caught by the anglers in the Loch o' the
Threshes, and phrases describing their capture floated from the other
end of the table. The young man had a second helping, and then refused
the excellent hill mutton that followed, contenting himself with cheese.
Not so Dickson and the catechist. They ate everything that was set
before them, topping up with a glass of port. Then the latter, who had
been talking illuminatingly about Spain, rose, bowed and left the table,
leaving Dickson, who liked to linger over his meals, to the society of
the ichthyophagous student.
He nodded towards the book. "Interesting?" he asked.
The young man shook his head and displayed the name on the cover.
"Anatole France. I used to be crazy about him, but now he seems rather a
back number." Then he glanced towards the just-vacated chair.
"Australian," he said.
"How d'you know?"
"Can't mistake them. There's nothing else so lean and fine produced on
the globe to-day. I was next door to them at Pozières and saw them
fight. Lord! Such men! Now and then you had a freak, but most looked
like Phoebus Apollo."
Dickson gazed with a new respect at his neighbour, for he had not
associated him with battle-fields. During the war he had been a fervent
patriot, but, though he had never heard a shot himself, so many of his
friends' sons and nephews, not to mention cousins of his own, had seen
service, that he had come to regard the experience as commonplace. Lions
in Africa and bandits in Mexico seemed to him novel and romantic things,
but not trenches and airplanes which were the whole world's property.
But he could scarcely fit his neighbour into even his haziest picture of
war. The young man was tall and a little round-shouldered; he had
short-sighted, rather prominent brown eyes, untidy black hair and dark
eyebrows which came near to meeting. He wore a knickerbocker suit of
bluish-grey tweed, a pale blue shirt, a pale blue collar and a dark blue
tie--a symphony of colour which seemed too elaborately considered to be
quite natural. Dickson had set him down as an artist or a newspaper
correspondent, objects to him of lively interest. But now the
classification must be reconsidered.
"So you were in the war," he said encouragingly.
"Four blasted years," was the savage reply. "And I never want to hear
the name of the beastly thing again."
"You said he was an Australian," said Dickson, casting back. "But I
thought Australians had a queer accent, like the English."
"They've all kind of accents, but you can never mistake their voice.
It's got the sun in it. Canadians have got grinding ice in theirs, and
Virginians have got butter. So have the Irish. In Britain there are no
voices, only speaking tubes. It isn't safe to judge men by their accent
only. You yourself I take to be Scotch, but for all I know you may be a
senator from Chicago or a Boer General."
"I'm from Glasgow. My name's Dickson McCunn." He had a faint hope that
the announcement might affect the other as it had affected the bagman at
Kilchrist.
"Golly, what a name!" exclaimed the young man rudely.
Dickson was nettled. "It's very old Highland," he said. "It means the
son of a dog."
"Which--Christian name or surname?" Then the young man appeared to think
he had gone too far, for he smiled pleasantly. "And a very good name
too. Mine is prosaic by comparison. They call me John Heritage."
"That," said Dickson, mollified, "is like a name out of a book. With
that name by rights you should be a poet."
Gloom settled on the young man's countenance. "It's a dashed sight too
poetic. It's like Edwin Arnold and Alfred Austin and Dante Gabriel
Rossetti. Great poets have vulgar monosyllables for names, like Keats.
The new Shakespeare when he comes along will probably be called Grubb or
Jubber, if he isn't Jones. With a name like yours I might have a chance.
_You_ should be the poet."
"I'm very fond of reading," said Dickson modestly.
A slow smile crumpled Mr. Heritage's face. "There's a fire in the
smoking-room," he observed as he rose. "We'd better bag the armchairs
before these fishing louts take them." Dickson followed obediently. This
was the kind of chance acquaintance for whom he had hoped, and he was
prepared to make the most of him.
The fire burned bright in the little dusky smoking-room, lighted by one
oil-lamp. Mr. Heritage flung himself into a chair, stretched his long
legs and lit a pipe.
"You like reading?" he asked. "What sort? Any use for poetry?"
"Plenty," said Dickson. "I've aye been fond of learning it up and
repeating it to myself when I had nothing to do. In church and waiting
on trains, like. It used to be Tennyson, but now it's more Browning. I
can say a lot of Browning."
The other screwed his face into an expression of disgust. "I know the
stuff. 'Damask cheeks and dewy sister eyelids.' Or else the Ercles
vein--'God's in His Heaven, all's right with the world.' No good, Mr.
McCunn. All back numbers. Poetry's not a thing of pretty round phrases
or noisy invocations. It's life itself, with the tang of the raw world
in it--not a sweetmeat for middle-class women in parlours."
"Are you a poet, Mr. Heritage?"
"No, Dogson, I'm a paper-maker."
This was a new view to Mr. McCunn. "I just once knew a paper-maker," he
observed reflectively. "They called him Tosh. He drank a bit."
"Well, I don't drink," said the other. "I'm a paper-maker, but that's
for my bread and butter. Some day for my own sake I may be a poet."
"Have you published anything?"
The eager admiration in Dickson's tone gratified Mr. Heritage. He drew
from his pocket a slim book. "My firstfruits," he said, rather shyly.
Dickson received it with reverence. It was a small volume in grey paper
boards with a white label on the back, and it was lettered:
"_Whorls--John Heritage's Book_." He turned the pages and read a little.
"It's a nice wee book," he observed at length.
"Good God, if you call it nice, I must have failed pretty badly," was
the irritated answer.
Dickson read more deeply and was puzzled. It seemed worse than the worst
of Browning to understand. He found one poem about a garden entitled
"Revue." "Crimson and resonant clangs the dawn," said the poet. Then he
went on to describe noonday:
"Sunflowers, tall Grenadiers, ogle the roses' short-skirted ballet.
The fumes of dark sweet wine hidden in frail petals
Madden the drunkard bees."
This seemed to him an odd way to look at things, and he boggled over a
phrase about an "epicene lily." Then came evening: "The painted gauze of
the stars flutters in a fold of twilight crape," sang Mr. Heritage; and
again, "The moon's pale leprosy sloughs the fields."
Dickson turned to other verses which apparently enshrined the writer's
memory of the trenches. They were largely compounded of oaths, and
rather horrible, lingering lovingly over sights and smells which every
one is aware of, but most people contrive to forget. He did not like
them. Finally he skimmed a poem about a lady who turned into a bird. The
evolution was described with intimate anatomical details which scared
the honest reader.
He kept his eyes on the book for he did not know what to say. The trick
seemed to be to describe nature in metaphors mostly drawn from
music-halls and haberdashers' shops, and, when at a loss, to fall to
cursing. He thought it frankly very bad, and he laboured to find words
which would combine politeness and honesty.
"Well?" said the poet.
"There's a lot of fine things here, but--but the lines don't just seem
to scan very well."
Mr. Heritage laughed. "Now I can place you exactly. You like the meek
rhyme and the conventional epithet. Well, I don't. The world has passed
beyond that prettiness. You want the moon described as a Huntress or a
gold disc or a flower--I say it's oftener like a beer barrel or a
cheese. You want a wealth of jolly words and real things ruled out as
unfit for poetry. I say there's nothing unfit for poetry. Nothing,
Dogson! Poetry's everywhere, and the real thing is commoner among drabs
and pot-houses and rubbish heaps than in your Sunday parlours. The
poet's business is to distil it out of rottenness, and show that it is
all one spirit, the thing that keeps the stars in their place.... I
wanted to call my book '_Drains_,' for drains are sheer poetry, carrying
off the excess and discards of human life to make the fields green and
the corn ripen. But the publishers kicked. So I called it '_Whorls_,' to
express my view of the exquisite involution of all things. Poetry is the
fourth dimension of the soul.... Well, let's hear about your taste in
prose."
Mr. McCunn was much bewildered, and a little inclined to be cross. He
disliked being called Dogson, which seemed to him an abuse of his
etymological confidences. But his habit of politeness held.
He explained rather haltingly his preferences in prose.
Mr. Heritage listened with wrinkled brows.
"You're even deeper in the mud than I thought," he remarked. "You live
in a world of painted laths and shadows. All this passion for the
picturesque! Trash, my dear man, like a schoolgirl's novelette heroes.
You make up romances about gipsies and sailors and the blackguards they
call pioneers, but you know nothing about them. If you did, you would
find they had none of the gilt and gloss you imagine. But the great
things they have got in common with all humanity you ignore. It's
like--it's like sentimentalising about a pancake because it looked like
a buttercup, and all the while not knowing that it was good to eat."
At that moment the Australian entered the room to get a light for his
pipe. He wore a motor-cyclist's overalls and appeared to be about to
take the road. He bade them good night and it seemed to Dickson that his
face, seen in the glow of the fire, was drawn and anxious, unlike that
of the agreeable companion at dinner.
"There," said Mr. Heritage, nodding after the departing figure. "I dare
say you have been telling yourself stories about that chap--life in the
bush, stock-riding and the rest of it. But probably he's a bank-clerk
from Melbourne.... Your romanticism is one vast self-delusion and it
blinds your eye to the real thing. We have got to clear it out and with
it all the damnable humbug of the Kelt."
Mr. McCunn, who spelt the word with a soft "C," was puzzled. "I thought
a kelt was a kind of a no-weel fish," he interposed.
But the other, in the flood-tide of his argument, ignored the
interruption. "That's the value of the war," he went on. "It has burst
up all the old conventions, and we've got to finish the destruction
before we can build. It is the same with literature and religion and
society and politics. At them with the axe, say I. I have no use for
priests and pedants. I've no use for upper classes and middle classes.
There's only one class that matters, the plain man, the workers, who
live close to life."
"The place for you," said Dickson dryly, "is in Russia among the
Bolsheviks."
Mr. Heritage approved. "They are doing a great work in their own
fashion. We needn't imitate all their methods--they're a trifle crude
and have too many Jews among them--but they've got hold of the right end
of the stick. They seek truth and reality."
Mr. McCunn was slowly being roused.
"What brings you wandering hereaways?" he asked.
"Exercise," was the answer. "I've been kept pretty closely tied up all
winter. And I want leisure and quiet to think over things."
"Well, there's one subject you might turn your attention to. You'll have
been educated like a gentleman?"
"Nine wasted years--five at Harrow, four at Cambridge."
"See here, then. You're daft about the working-class and have no use for
any other. But what in the name of goodness do you know about
working-men?... I come out of them myself, and have lived next door to
them all my days. Take them one way and another, they're a decent sort,
good and bad like the rest of us. But there's a wheen daft folk that
would set them up as models--close to truth and reality, says you. It's
sheer ignorance, for you're about as well acquaint with the working-man
as with King Solomon. You say I make up fine stories about tinklers and
sailor-men because I know nothing about them. That's maybe true. But
you're at the same job yourself. You ideelise the working-man, you and
your kind, because you're ignorant. You say that he's seeking for truth,
when he's only looking for a drink and a rise in wages. You tell me he's
near reality, but I tell you that his notion of reality is often just a
short working day and looking on at a footba'-match on Saturday.... And
when you run down what you call the middle-classes that do
three-quarters of the world's work and keep the machine going and the
working man in a job, then I tell you you're talking havers. Havers!"
Mr. McCunn, having delivered his defence of the bourgeoisie, rose
abruptly and went to bed. He felt jarred and irritated. His innocent
little private domain had been badly trampled by this stray bull of a
poet. But as he lay in bed, before blowing out his candle, he had
recourse to Walton, and found a passage on which, as on a pillow, he
went peacefully to sleep:
"As I left this place, and entered into the next field, a second
pleasure entertained me; 'twas a handsome milkmaid, that had not yet
attained so much age and wisdom as to load her mind with any fears
of many things that will never be, as too many men too often do; but
she cast away all care, and sang like a nightingale; her voice was
good, and the ditty fitted for it; it was the smooth song that was
made by _Kit Marlow_ now at least fifty years ago. And the
milkmaid's mother sung an answer to it, which was made by _Sir
Walter Raleigh_ in his younger days. They were old-fashioned poetry,
but choicely good; I think much better than the strong lines that
are now in fashion in this critical age."