LADYSMITH
The defence of Ladysmith by Sir George White and his heroic band of
soldiers will rank as one of the finest feats in British history. It is
not for us to tell the story of the siege. Historians of the war will do
that. We need only remind our readers that from October 30, 1899, when
the bombardment began, to February 28, 1900, when General Buller's
advance guard marched into the town, our troops were closely
besieged--besieged so closely that the Boers thought there was no
possible chance of relief. 'Ladysmith will never be relieved,' said a
Boer to one of our chaplains. 'No troops in the world will ever be able
to get through Colenso to Ladysmith. It is absolutely impregnable.' But
they did, and one hardly knows which to admire most the dogged
persistence of General Buller and his men or the heroic defence, the
patient, confident waiting of the beleaguered troops.
='Thank God, We have Kept the Flag Flying.'=
It is, however, with the Ladysmith garrison we are concerned at the
present time. These men had but little of the excitement of battle to
stir their nerves and inspire them for fresh efforts. They had to fight
the sterner fight,--the fight with disease and famine. They watched
their comrades sicken and die--not one at a time, but by scores and
hundreds--but they held on and held out for Queen and country.
'While ever upon the topmost roof
Our banner of England blew.'
'Thank God, we have kept the flag flying!' said Sir George White, when
at last deliverance came. The words will become historic, and fathers
will tell their sons for long centuries to come how in Ladysmith, as at
Lucknow, English soldiers preferred rather to die than to surrender; and
how, surrounded as they were, they, for old England's sake, kept the
flag flying.
It remains for us to tell the story of Christian work in connection with
the siege, and through all the darkness of those terrible four months
such work runs as a golden thread of light.
=Christian Workers in Ladysmith.=
There were in Ladysmith when the siege began three Church of England
chaplains and one acting chaplain, viz.: Rev. E.G.F. Macpherson (senior
chaplain), at first attached to the Divisional troops; Rev. A.V.C.
Hordern, attached to the Cavalry Brigade; Rev. J.G.W. Tuckey, attached
to the 7th Brigade; and the Rev. D. McVarish (acting chaplain), attached
to the 8th Brigade. In addition to these there were Archdeacon
Barker, of the local civilian church, and the Rev. G. Pennington, a
local clergyman attached as acting chaplain to the Colonial Volunteers.
[Illustration: REV. A.V.C. HORDERN.
(From a photograph by Knight, Newport, I.W.)]
The Presbyterians had one chaplain, viz., the Rev. Thomas Murray, of the
Free Church of Scotland, and one acting chaplain, the Rev. Mr. Thompson.
The Wesleyan Methodists had one acting chaplain, the Rev. Owen Spencer
Watkins, who had but a short time before returned from the Soudan, where
he had accompanied the troops to Omdurman. There were also in the town
the Rev. S. Barrett Cawood, the local Wesleyan missionary, and the Rev.
S.H. Hardy, of Johannesburg, who happened to be on a visit to the town,
and who, though without official position, rendered yeoman service
throughout the siege.
In addition to these chaplains there were two or three Army Scripture
Readers.
=Every Man Hit except the Chaplain.=
Most of these chaplains had already received their baptism of fire. At
Reitfontein Messrs. Macpherson and Hordern had found themselves in a
particularly warm corner. Some fifteen men of the Gloucesters, with an
officer, were in a donga which provided hardly any cover, and the two
chaplains going out to the Field Hospital had perforce to share with
their comrades the dangers of the terrible position. The Boers were
firing at them with awful precision, and when the Liverpools--all
unconscious that a handful of English were seeking cover in the
donga--commenced to fire at the Boers, it made retreat for the
dauntless fifteen impossible. They had unwillingly to remain where they
were until the Boers were put out of action by the Liverpools. When at
last the firing ceased, it was found that nearly every man of that
unlucky fifteen was hit, with the exception of the chaplains, who came
out unscathed.
This was an experience that perhaps would have been enough for most men,
but chaplains, like private soldiers, have to get used to bullets flying
around them. It is no use preaching religion to the men, if the chaplain
is not able to show by his own coolness in the hour of danger that he is
fit for something else than preaching, that he is ready to share the
men's dangers and privations, and that he too can set an example of
courage.
Mr. Watkins had received his baptism of fire in the Soudan, and, like
the rest, did not fear the sharp ping, followed by the dull thud, of the
Mauser, or the deeper swish of the Martini. No one got used to shells.
They ever continued a terror, and when the whistle sounded, giving
warning that the wisp of smoke had been seen coming from one of the Boer
Long Toms, and intimating that in some twenty-eight seconds the dreaded
shell would burst above them, it was astonishing how fast and how far
even the oldest and the stoutest could travel in search of cover.
=Personal Dangers Met by Chaplains on Duty in the Field.=
One or two short stories may put into clearer perspective the personal
danger of our chaplains on the field. Messrs. Hordern and Tuckey were
both with their men in the Lombard's Kop fight. Mr. Hordern was attached
to the Field Hospital, which was sheltering from the shot and shell
under the shadow of a huge hill. By-and-by came the order for the
hospital to retire. It was about a mile and a quarter from Ladysmith,
and there were no sheltering hills. The Red Cross was distinctly marked
on the ambulance wagons, and the Indian dhooli-bearers must have been
clearly seen; but as soon as the hospital emerged from the cover of the
hill a Boer gun opened fire upon it, and very soon shell was falling
upon all sides. With Mr. Hordern was the Rev. S.H. Hardy, and both of
them were exposed to the full fire of the enemy. Mr. Hordern, thinking
there might possibly be a safer place than the very centre of the
cavalcade, spurred his horse forward, and the moment after a shell burst
on the very spot where he had been.
On another occasion Mr. Owen Watkins was out with the Field Hospital,
and he and the doctor dismounted in order, if possible, to bring in some
wounded from under fire. They had just accomplished this self-imposed
mission when a shot, coming a little too near, disturbed Mr. Watkins'
horse, which bolted. In trying to find it he lost sight of the hospital,
which had moved away, and found himself in desperate plight. Neither
horse nor hospital to be seen, and a mile and a half of open country
between him and safety. The Boers' bullets were falling around him, and
there was nothing for it but to run, and amid a perfect hail of bullets
he fled in the direction of Ladysmith. That run seemed the longest in
his life, but unscathed he came through it, and found another hospital
wagon full of wounded, returning to the town. Into it he got, and other
horrors of war were at once before him. He had no time to think of his
own near escape from death, for there was a dying lad upon his knee.
Another was leaning his head on his shoulder, and his hands were busy
passing water or brandy to the wounded or dying.
Through such experiences our chaplains go, and go gladly, for Him who is
at once their Saviour and their King. Not much is heard of their work,
not often are they mentioned in despatches; only one of them has ever
received the Victoria Cross, but most of them are heroes, and deserve
well of the country that gave them birth. It is sufficient for them that
they receive the praise of God, and there can be no higher reward for
them than the Master's 'Well done.'
=Services in Ladysmith.=
Parade services in Ladysmith were difficult to hold. They were, however,
held as regularly as possible. The chaplain would mount his horse about
4.45 a.m., and ride off to some distant post. For a quarter of an
hour he would pray with and talk to the men, and then ride to another
service at some further post. And so in the early morning he would
conduct three or four different parades. 'Often,' says Mr. Hordern,
'they used to hold them in the trenches, so as to be out of reach of the
Boer guns. All the men had their rifles, ready to rush to their posts at
a moment's notice. Every Sunday there was a celebration of the Holy
Sacrament in the open air, and I shall never forget the sight--the
officers and men kneeling together, just leaving their rifles as they
came up to communicate, and going back to their posts immediately
afterwards. The Boers pretended never to fight on Sundays, but they
could never trust them. One day they dropped eight shells into one of
his cavalry parade services which was assembling. Although the Boers
pretended to keep Sunday and not fire, yet some Monday mornings a new
gun would open on them that was not in its position on the Saturday.
That was one way of keeping Sunday.[16]
[Illustration: ONE OF THE LADYSMITH HOSPITALS.]
The English church was open for worship all through the siege. It was
the only church not used as a hospital; but its windows being small and
its roof low, it would not have made an ideal hospital, and it did
splendid duty as a church. The other churches--the Wesleyan,
Presbyterian, and Dutch Reformed--were gladly surrendered for hospital
purposes, for there was all too little hospital accommodation, and all
too great a need.
For the most part the chaplains spent their Sunday mornings in visiting
their men, going from regiment to regiment, and speaking a word for
Christ wherever possible.
As the months passed, and the Boer attentions became more personal and
incessant, the troops at the front had to leave their huts or tents and
sleep in the open, and everywhere tents, if used at night, were folded
up by day, and the troops were left absolutely without cover through the
terrible heat, except such as they could find behind rock, or bush, or
tree.
[Footnote 16: Burnley _Express_, May 5, 1900.]
=Disease in Ladysmith.=
And then came disease! Ladysmith had been singularly free from enteric
before the war. The scourge of South Africa had passed it by. But it
follows an army like an angel of destruction. For weeks its broad wings
hovered above our troops, and then with fell swoop it descended.
Intombi Hospital Camp was formed right under the shadow of Mount
Bulwane, and by an arrangement with the Boers one train per day to
Ladysmith and back was allowed to run. It began with 250 patients, and
at one time had as many as 1,900. The formation of the camp meant to
some extent a division of Christian work. Messrs. Macpherson, Thompson,
Owen S. Watkins, Cawood, and Hardy, together with Father Ford, remained
in the town and camp. Messrs. Hordern, Tuckey, Pennington, and Murray,
together with Father O'Donnell, the Roman Catholic chaplain, went to
Intombi. Later on, when the hospital became so crowded that it was
impossible for the enfeebled staff of chaplains to cope with the work,
Mr. Macpherson joined them.
It is impossible to speak too highly of the heroism of these Intombi
chaplains. At first it is hard for most men to face shot and shell, but
there is always a thrill of excitement with it, and there is a strange
fascination in danger of this kind, which has a weird charm all its own.
But to face death in a great hospital camp such as this! To be all day
and half the night visiting the sick and dying where there are no
comforts, very little food, and the medicine has run short; to see that
hospital steadily grow,--men on the bed-cots, men lying between them; to
watch men struggling in the agonies of the disease, with dying men close
beside them; to have to step over one prostrate figure to get to the
side of some dying man and whisper words of comfort and prayer, while
shrieks of agony come from either side; to feel weary, becoming
gradually weaker through want of food, to know that ere long one's own
turn would come, and the inexorable disease would claim its victim; to
go through the same daily round of loathsome duty, and find in it one's
highest privilege; to endure, to suffer, to dare, to sympathise, to
soothe, to help; evening by evening to listen to the last requests of
dying men, and morning by morning to lay them in their hastily dug
graves--all this requires heroism compared with which the heroism of
battle pales into insignificance. We do not wonder that the Intombi
chaplains were mentioned in despatches, and that the love of the
soldier goes out to these devoted men.
As Mr. Watkins felt it his duty to remain in Ladysmith Town with his
men, Mr. Murray had charge of the Wesleyans in Intombi, as well as of
the Presbyterians. But, as a matter of fact, in face of such stern
realities as disease and death, all names and sects were forgotten. The
chaplains were all brethren, the men were all human beings for whom
Christ died, and each did his best for all. Open-air parade services
were tried for the convalescents, but it soon became impossible to hold
them. The chaplains went round the marquees and prayed with and talked
to the men. The Church of England chaplains had Holy Communion every
Sunday morning, and for one month, until sickness prevented, there was
daily Communion.
By-and-by the list of dangerous cases became so large that it was
impossible to go round in one visit. Enfeebled by work and want, the
chaplains struggled from bed to bed, until often they were too weak to
finish their task. Their only relief was to get an occasional run into
Ladysmith, and to that they looked forward as a haven of rest. What
mattered if shells did fly about!--they had an occasional stray bullet
at Intombi too--and shells, much as they were dreaded, were better than
enteric.
It was during one of these occasional breaks that the four Church of
England chaplains were having lunch at the Ladysmith Hotel, when a shell
burst right in the hotel itself. They were covered with dust, but
that was all. Not so easily, however, did they escape disease. One after
the other at Intombi failed. Mr. Hordern was down with dysentery for
between five and six weeks, Mr. Macpherson eight weeks, Mr. Tuckey had
Natal fever for three weeks, and all of them were left very enfeebled.
[Illustration: REV. THOMAS MURRAY.
(By permission of Mr. M. Jacolette, of Dover.)]
=Mr. Murray's Description of the Fight with Enteric Fever.=
Mr. Murray, of the Scotch Free Church, bravely struggled on. At one time
he was left single-handed. The admiration of the other chaplains for
this man was great indeed. He seemed to lead a charmed life, and though
he rapidly aged during the siege, he never gave up. He was overworked
and half-starved, but he always had a cheery word for every one. He
tells the story himself with characteristic modesty in _The Church of
Scotland Home and Foreign Mission Record_. Let us listen to him:--
'Very soon enteric fever and dysentery appeared among the troops,
and the daily morning train from Ladysmith brought ever fresh
batches of patients. The hospital camp grew rapidly. The maximum
number was nearly 1,900, but for many weeks the daily average was
1,700. Unhappily, of the four Church of England chaplains, two were
at an early stage laid aside by sickness, and for more than _five
weeks_ the whole of the work fell to one Church of England chaplain
and myself. We worked hand in hand. It was not a question of
"religion," but wherever spiritual help was needed, there one of us
was found. Our first work each day was the burial of the dead.
Daily, for three long months, _all of us_ might be seen heading the
dismal procession of six, or ten, or fifteen, and on one occasion
of nineteen dead, whom we were conducting to their last
resting-place. That duty over, the remainder of the day was busily
employed in ministering to the sick and dying in the numerous
hospital marquees. On Sunday we did what we could to hold services
in these marquees, but it was impossible on any one day to overtake
all. There was, however, each Sunday afternoon an open-air service
at which convalescent patients could be present.
=Work Among the Refugees.=
'Besides the work I have just described, I had another piece of
work unexpectedly cut out for me, which was full of interest and
rich in good fruits.
'Close by our hospital camps was a civilian camp, where dwelt in
tents or in rude shanties several hundreds of refugees. There were
well-to-do farmers and their families, driven from their homes in
Upper Natal; railway people, station-masters, guards, clerks, etc.;
miners from Glencoe and Dundee; and not a few people from Ladysmith
itself. The greater number of these were Scotch, and it was natural
that I should take spiritual charge of them, for they were out in
the wilderness, sheep without a shepherd. Every Sunday morning at
ten o'clock, and Sunday evening at seven o'clock, I held an
open-air service for them, the convalescent from the military camps
attending likewise. It was a sight I shall never forget, to see
these homeless ones sitting round me on the veldt, listening to the
preaching of the Gospel, making welcome, as perhaps some of them
had never done before, the precious promises of divine consolation
of which their souls stood so much in need. Many were devout and
earnest Christian men and women, and the weekly fellowship, in song
and supplication, with God and with one another, did much, I do not
doubt, to enable them to endure the tribulations which were their
appointed lot.
'So, amid these many labours, the months flee past. You know the
story of the several attempts to relieve us. Away over the hills,
on December 15, we heard the fierce roll of the artillery, and our
hopes beat high. But the ominous silence of the next few days
prepared us for the mournful tidings that that attempt had failed.
Then came January 6, and the determined assault by the Boers on
Ladysmith. It began before dawn close by our camp, and all day long
we watched the struggle, as it swayed this way and that, like the
waves of the sea, till at last British valour gained the day. But
much precious life was lost.
'After that, on January 20, the hills once more re-echoed the roar
of distant artillery. This was the attempt at Spion Kop and
Potgieter's Drift. After days of uncertainty, we learned that our
relief was not yet.
'At last in the early weeks of February began the final and heroic
effort of General Sir Redvers Buller's forces. Day and night the
firing ceased not, and we rejoiced to mark that it came nearer and
nearer. Suddenly the enemy's forces melted away, all in a night, as
once before, long since, around Samaria.
'On Wednesday evening, February 28, we descried a small body of
horsemen coming through a gap in the hills, as it were a little
stream trickling down the mountain side. We looked in amazement.
The British guns were silent. It could be no foe. Suddenly a loud
British cheer burst from the advancing troop, and we knew our
relief was accomplished. It was Lord Dundonald's advanced patrol.
Next day, March 1, General Buller and his staff rode in.
'I have only to add that, by the good hand of God upon me, I have
been preserved all through from sickness and disease.'
Of all things the men dreaded enteric. 'My lad,' said Mr. Hordern to one
of the men who had just come into hospital, 'have you got enteric
fever?'
'No, sir,' was the reply; 'I am _only_ wounded.'
They have come back now, hundreds of them, and as we interview them, one
and all declare in their own terse language, 'We would rather have three
or four hits than one enteric.'
=Testimonies to the Reality of Christian Work.=
But all this time Christian work in the town and camp had been going
steadily forward. On Sunday as many services as possible were held, and
night by night Christian soldiers gathered together for prayer. There
was a spirit of inquiry about spiritual things. Death was very near, and
in its immediate presence the men felt the importance of decision for
Christ. Letter after letter tells of conversions at the soldiers' simple
services.
Staff-Quarter-Master-Sergeant Luchford, for instance, writes a letter
which is a sample of scores of others:--'On Tuesday last I managed to
get the brethren together for a fellowship meeting, and a very blessed
and helpful time we had, as each told out of the fulness of his heart
how great things the Lord had done for his soul. Last Sunday we also got
together for an hour and pleaded with God for an outpouring of His
Spirit upon the congregation assembled for the service. One young fellow
of the R.A. was very deeply impressed, and I trust that the next news I
hear is that he has surrendered to the conquering power of the Holy
Spirit.'
=Stirring Events Related by Mr. Watkins.=
In the camp with his men Mr. Watkins was having stirring times. His was
the excitement and dash, and when there was any fighting, he was sure to
be near. He narrates some strange experiences in the Methodist papers.
We venture to quote one or two paragraphs from the _Methodist Recorder_.
'On December 7, there was a brilliant attack by the British on Gun
Hill, where three of the Boer guns were captured. This brilliant
attack was made by Colonial volunteers, led by Sir Archibald
Hunter, and was entirely successful. The next morning there was a
further attempt by the cavalry to cut the telegraph wires and tear
up the railway which brought the Boers' supplies. This, however,
was not so successful. The Boers were ready for our men, and they
suffered severely. Then came the chaplain's opportunity.
'Hearing that there were wounded still lying on the field, I
hastened off to see if I could be of any use, and had not gone far
before I met a young medical officer, who had galloped in under a
heavy fire. He told me that out in the open Captain Hardy (Medical
Officer of the 18th Hussars) was lying in a hole with a severely
wounded man, whom he could not get in because the firing was so
hot. So, having with me a Red Cross flag, we turned our horses'
heads and rode out to their assistance. For the first few seconds
the bullets flew fast around us, but as soon as our flag was seen
the firing ceased, we released our friends from their uncomfortable
predicament, and sent back the wounded man in a dhooli.
'We were then met by two armed burghers carrying a white flag, who
told us of yet other wounded lying in their lines, and offered to
guide us to them. Under their care we penetrated right behind the
firing line of the enemy, who were holding the ridge now between
us and the town, and firing heavily. Here we found two of our
gallant fellows dead--shot through the head--and several wounded
men, and it was not long before the dhoolis we had brought with us
were full. The burghers had shown every kindness to the wounded;
each man had been provided with food and drink, and nothing could
exceed the courtesy shown towards ourselves by these men, who were
in the very act of firing on our comrades. A queer thing, war!
'Having started the dhooli-bearers with their heavy loads on their
way to town, Captain Hardy and myself continued our search along
the ridge for wounded and dead, but were thankful to find there
were no more. Once again we turned our faces to beleaguered
Ladysmith, having collected, in all, two killed and fifteen wounded
men, many of them badly hurt, poor fellows.
'The two following days were unusually quiet, and on the Sunday I
was enabled to hold four services, which were very well attended,
and to us all seasons of rich blessing. But on Sunday night the
Rifle Brigade made an attack upon Surprise Hill, capturing a gun
that for weeks past had been worrying us considerably, and blowing
it into fragments in the air. The attack was well planned, and
would have resulted in very small loss to us, only in blowing up
the gun the first fuse used proved defective, and another train had
to be laid, thus causing a delay of over ten valuable minutes. The
result was that the Boers had time to turn out in force from a
neighbouring laager, and were waiting to receive our men as they
came down the hill. Then ensued a scene of indescribable
confusion; in the darkness it was impossible to distinguish friend
from foe, and the shouts of our men were answered in English by the
enemy, thus making the confusion a hundred times worse. One who was
present told me that it was the most terrible experience of his
life. They came down the hill between a lane of blazing rifles,
sometimes the flash not being more than five yards from them. Few
ever expected to get out alive, but the men behaved splendidly,
charging with the bayonet again and again, and when at last the
foot of the hill was reached asking their Colonel (Lieut.-Colonel
Metcalfe) for permission to charge again.
=Within the Boer Lines.=
'Of course, as soon as it was light the doctors of the Bearer
Company, with dhoolies, were out to seek amongst the rocks for the
wounded and the slain, and it was not long before I was on my way
to join them. But on reaching our outpost on Observation Hill I was
told that the Boers were so infuriated at the loss of another gun
that they had taken the doctors prisoners and were going to send
them to Pretoria. But just at that moment a native came in with a
note from the senior medical officer, asking that surgical
necessaries be sent at once, for many of the wounded were seriously
hurt. After much parley through the telephone with head-quarters,
it was at last decided that the things be sent at once, and if I
were willing that I should be the bearer, for the Boers were
more likely to respect "the cloth" than anything else; also by
previous visits I had become known to many of the burghers. So
forthwith I started upon what many said was my way to Pretoria, and
on reaching the enemy, truth to say, it looked very much like it.
They were furiously angry, and I was made to join the little group
of doctors, bearers and wounded, who, under a strong guard, were
sitting and lying under the shade of a tree.
[Illustration: AMBULANCE WAGONS ON THEIR WAY TO THE FIELD.]
'But before very long we were at liberty again. A flag of truce had
been sent out by General White, expostulating with the Boer
general, and resulted in the general in question--General
Erasmus--galloping up to tell us we were at liberty to continue our
work, only we must be as quick about it as possible. Fifty-one
wounded men we found, three of them officers, and nine killed, of
whom one was an officer. At the foot of the hill that they had won
we buried them, marking the place where they lay with stones heaped
over the grave in the form of a cross. Then we wearily returned to
camp, for by then the day was far spent, and we had had nothing to
eat since dawn. That night I was again called to perform the sad
ceremony of burial. Four men had died of their wounds during the
day, and in darkness it had to be done, for the cemetery is within
reach of the enemy's guns, and we feared to show a light, lest it
should "draw fire." So I recited as much of the Burial Service as I
could remember, and offered an extemporary prayer. It was a strange
experience thus to bury our comrades by stealth; but, alas! during
these latter days it has ceased to seem strange, because of its
frequency.'
=Work in Ladysmith Town.=
Meanwhile in the town, and sometimes with the soldiers in the fight, Mr.
Cawood and Mr. Hardy were rendering splendid service. Mr. Cawood kept in
good health throughout, but when, on the relief of Ladysmith, the
President of the South African Conference (Rev. W. Wynne) visited the
town, he reported that Mr. Cawood looked ten years older. No wonder that
such was the case, for he was in labours more abundant, and nothing was
too mean or trivial for him to perform. Such was also the case with Mr.
Hardy. He did not seem to know fear. Brave when the bullets fell thick,
he was just as brave in the midst of the strain of hospital work. He was
but a visitor in the town, and had no official connection with either
troops or civilian church. But he turned his hand to anything, and when
the hospitals were crowded and workers were few, he actually had himself
appointed a hospital orderly, and performed the meanest and most
loathsome duties of the hospital nurse. He kept in good health to the
last, and then almost every disease seemed to come upon him at once. For
long he lay in the agonies of enteric fever, and almost lost his life.
But he counted that not too great a gift for his Master and his country.
We honour them both--the old veteran and the young missionary. In fact,
where all were brave and devoted, it is invidious to pick out one or
two of these devoted men for special mention. Each in his own special
sphere tried bravely to do his duty. Meanwhile the town was becoming
full of enteric cases, for Intombi camp had no further accommodation,
and only the most serious cases could be sent there. The churches were
then, as already intimated, utilised as hospitals, and it was in them
that the chaplains left in Ladysmith and with the soldiers performed
their ministry of love. Most of these buildings at some time or other
felt the force of the Boer shells, and the native minister's house by
the side of the Wesleyan church was shattered. He, poor fellow, lost
both wife and child during the siege, and himself was laid low by
enteric fever.
=Terrible Scenes at Intombi Hospital.=
But let us return to Intombi. Slowly the average number of cases was
increasing. Daily at 9.30 the mournful procession passed to the
cemetery. That cemetery contained at last about seven hundred bodies.
Every grave was marked and numbered. Mr. Hordern began this work, but
when his health failed, Mr. Murray continued and completed it. So that
there is a strict record left of every one lying there, and any one
wishing to erect a tombstone can do so. Such service as this was
thoughtful indeed, and friends at home will greatly appreciate it.
For three weeks at Intombi they were on quarter rations. Then, as
Buller's guns were heard in the distance, they were allowed half
rations; but on Ash Wednesday morning, the morning of relief, they were
reduced to quarter rations again. What this meant who can tell? How
could they resist disease? There are horrors over which we throw a veil.
Sufficient that they were necessary horrors--that they could not be
prevented. But only the doctors and the chaplains know what our men
passed through in Intombi camp. But no one complained--that was the
wonder of it. 'Oh! sir, when do you think Buller will get through?' was
the nearest to complaint ever heard. They suffered and they died, but
they murmured not.
='The Way He was Absent-minded was that He Forgot Himself!'=
Listen to what Mr. Hordern has to say about it:--
'Every morning they had the awful procession of dead carried down
to the cemetery, each man sewn up in his own blanket, and
reverently buried, each man having done his duty and laid down his
life for his Queen and country. And the brave old Tommy Atkins was
called "an absent-minded beggar," a fine title itself, though it
referred to him in the wrong way. He was not absent-minded, for he
had a warm corner in his heart for those at home. The way he was
absent-minded, was that _he forgot himself_. I knew one man who had
two or three letters from home, which he carried about in his
pocket, and although he longed to read them again, he dare not do
so because, he said, he should break down if he did. The boys
never forgot their homes. There was one dead soldier, a poor lad of
the Irish Fusiliers, who was shot through the body, and afterwards
in searching his clothes they found a letter ready written and
addressed to his mother. He hadn't a chance of posting it. _He_ was
not an absent-minded beggar. _He_ didn't forget to write to his
mother. When they pulled his letter from his pocket, it was
impossible to post it, as it was covered with his blood. I
re-addressed it and sent it off to the dead soldier's mother.'
There was another story which showed the forgetfulness of the soldier
for himself. That happened in the relieving column. An officer was badly
wounded. It was dusk, and our troops had to retire down the kopje under
cover, though next day they took it. When they retired that night, the
wounded officer could not be moved, and so four men refused to leave
him. They remained with him all night without food or water, in order to
protect him from the bullets which were flying about--one lying at his
head, one at his feet, and one on either side. Those were absent-minded
beggars--_absent-minded for themselves_!
Mr. Hordern was talking to a starved wreck of a man one day, and he
asked him what was the first thing he wanted when the relief came
through. He expected to hear him say food of some sort. But no; this
absent-minded beggar said, 'The first thing, sir, medical comforts for
the sick.' He then asked him what was the next thing he should like. He
thought he would say food _this_ time; but no, his reply was, 'The
English mail.' He then asked what would he like after that, and the
soldier replied that he would then have his food.[17]
Of such stuff were British soldiers made in Ladysmith, and of such stuff
are they, with all their faults, the wide world over!
[Footnote 17: Burnley _Express_, May 5, 1900.]
=Lads, We are Going to be Relieved To-day.'=
But the time of deliverance was drawing near. Hope deferred had made the
heart sick. Time after time had Buller's guns seemed to be drawing
nearer, and time after time had the sound grown faint in the distance.
They were on quarter rations again, and that meant that Colonel Ward,
careful man as he was, had feared a longer delay. One of the
chaplains--he has told the writer the story himself, but prefers that
his name be not mentioned--was lying on his back in his tent at Intombi,
reading the morning service to those gathered round. He was weak from
disease and starvation, and it was no easy task to stand or walk. As he
read the Psalm for the day (Ash Wednesday, Psalm vi.), it seemed to him
a very message from God. His eye caught the tenth verse, 'All mine
enemies shall be confounded and sore vexed: they shall be turned back,
and put to shame suddenly.' He read it again and again. Surely God was
speaking to him through His Word. 'Turned back,' he said to himself;
'ashamed _suddenly_.' It seemed as though it was a personal
illumination from God. He rose to his feet, and going into the tent
which contained the worst cases, he said, 'Lads, I've come to tell you
we are going to be relieved to-day or if not to-day, at any rate very
soon--_suddenly_. Listen, lads; this is my message from God.' And he
read them the passage. Every face brightened as he read, and his own was
doubtless lit up with a light from another world.
That night, as he was lying down worn out with fatigue and excitement,
he heard a British cheer, and everybody rushed out to inquire what it
meant. There in the far distance a column of mounted troops, were slowly
marching along. Who were they--British? 'No,' said one of the soldiers;
'they are marching too regularly for that.' 'Boers?' 'No,' said another;
'they are marching too regularly for Boers.' 'Who can they be?' 'I
know,' said a third; they are Colonials.' He was right. 'But wait a
minute,' said another; 'let us see if Cæsar's Camp fires upon them.' But
no, Cæsar's Camp kept on pounding away at Mount Bulwane as it had done
for months, only with more energy than usual. And then cheer upon cheer
broke from these poor emaciated wrecks in Intombi. Hand clasped hand,
and tears rained down all faces.
Back into the marquee into which he had been the morning rushed the
chaplain. 'Lads, I told you this morning! "_Suddenly_," lads,
"_suddenly_," they were to be turned back "_suddenly_." It is true; my
message was from God. Buller is here!' And then the dying roused
themselves and lived, and voices were uplifted in loud thanksgiving.
And so Lord Dundonald's Colonial troops marched into the town, to be
greeted as surely men were never greeted before; to be hailed as
saviours, as life-givers, as heroes. Watch them. They have only
twenty-four hours' rations with them, and they have had a hard, rough
time themselves, but they give it all away. How can they deny anything
to these living skeletons standing around!
And what did it mean in Ladysmith? It meant this--at Intombi, at any
rate. When Buller's guns sounded nearer, the poor fever-stricken
patients brightened up, and roused themselves with a fresh effort for
life. When the sound of his firing receded into the distance, they just
lay back and died. His entry into Ladysmith was life from the dead.
'=It was Time He Came=.'
It was time that he came. Food was at famine prices. Eggs sold at 48s.
per dozen, and one egg for 5s.; a 1/4-lb. tin of tobacco sold for 65s.;
chicken went for 17s. 6d. each; dripping, 1/4-lb. at 9s. 6d., and so on.
Chevril soup (horseflesh) became the greatest luxury, and was not at all
bad; while trek-oxen steak might be looked at and smelled, but to eat it
was almost impossible. One of the most pathetic, and at the same time
most comical, sights to be witnessed during the siege, was surely that
of one enthusiastic lover of the weed, who, unable to procure any of the
genuine article for himself, followed closely in the wake of an officer
in more fortunate circumstances, in order that at any rate he might get
the smell and have the precious smoke circle round his head.
It was time, we say, for Buller to come. Relief came not a day too soon.
But a short time longer could the beleaguered men hold out. But he came
at last, and when next day he entered the town, bending low over his
saddle, worn out with his great exertions, the sight that met his gaze
was one never to be forgotten. These men whom he had known in the
greatness of their strength at Aldershot were little more than
skeletons, hardly able to show their appreciation of his splendid
efforts, so weak were they.
'You should have seen the general _cry_,' said a group of men from
Ladysmith at the Cambridge Hospital the other day. It was their way of
putting the case. The apparently stolid, dogged, undemonstrative
Englishman broke down completely, as he gazed upon the sights around
him. And no wonder! He had come not a moment too soon. But he had come
in time. 'Thank God,' said Sir George White, 'we have kept the flag
flying!'
=A Story of Devotion.=
One story of devotion more, and our tale of Ladysmith is at an end.
There was a certain much-loved chaplain shut up in Ladysmith, who
greatly enjoyed a smoke. In Buller's relief column there were men who
loved him well, and who knew his love for a pipe. When they left
Colenso, eleven of them each carried under his khaki tunic a
quarter-pound tin of tobacco for the chaplain. And then came all the
horrors of that terrible struggle to reach the beleaguered town,
culminating in the awful fight at Pieter's Hill. One after another,
vainly trying to keep their cherished possession, parted with it bit by
bit during those dreadful weeks; but one of them carried it all the
time, and never so much as touched it. When at last he reached
Ladysmith, he had to march right through to encamp several miles beyond
the town. But next day he got a permit and tramped back to Ladysmith,
found out his friend the chaplain, and handed over his treasure to him.
All black and grimy was that sacred tin of tobacco, black with the smoke
of battle, and dented by many a hard fight; but it was there--intact--an
offering of devotion, a holy thing, a pledge of love. That chaplain has
it still; he could not smoke it, it was far too precious for that. It
has become one of his household gods, to be kept for ever as a token of
a soldier's love.
And now we say good-bye to our gallant Ladysmith garrison. We shall meet
many of them again on other fields. The siege proved that there was not
a man of them without a religious corner somewhere. Hundreds of them
turned to God with full purpose of heart; and to every one of them Old
England owes a debt of gratitude. As we say good-bye, we are reminded of
Tennyson's lines about the soldiers of Lucknow--lines just as true of
the men of Ladysmith as of them:--
'Handful of men as we were, we were English in heart and in limb,
Strong with the strength of the race, to command, to obey, to endure;
Each of us fought as if hope for the garrison hung but on him;
* * * * *
And ever upon the topmost roof our banner of England blew.'