Earth-tongue, a Mohave

Earth-tongue’s earliest recollection was of the dim, cool house,

where he picked bits of charcoal out of the soft sand and crumbled

it against his hand. Once a cricket appeared on the wattled wall,

suddenly went back in when he thrust at it, and only a stream of dry

soil sifted forth. And then there was the terrifying time when voices

burst loudly into his sleep, people crowded in but stood helplessly

awkward, while his father’s brother shot insults of stolid hate into

the ceaseless flood of his wife’s vituperation. As the woman turned to

beat a girl lurking in the corner and the man interposed and flung her

off, Earth-tongue burst into bawling and clung to his mother. He saw

the angry woman stamp on pot after pot, tear open her coils of shredded

bark and strew them into the fire, and then, suddenly silent, load her

belongings into a carrying-frame and stagger out. The frame caught in

the door: as she tore it through, the contents crashed, and a laugh

rose in the house; but Earth-tongue sobbed long.

He was larger when he paddled with other children at the edge of the

slough; but still very small as he first remembered himself seeing the

great, stretching river that drew by with mysterious, swirling noises

in its red eddies. He and his little brother were put into a huge pot

which his father and another man pushed before them across stream:

their hair as it coiled high on their heads was just visible over the

edge as they swam. And then followed an interminable trudge somewhere

through the dust, relieved only by rides on his father’s back, and on

his grandmother.

He was older when he shot his first bow; when at dusk he caught

a woodpecker in its hole and would not let go though it hacked

desperately at his clasped hands, until a half-grown cousin took it

from him to imprison under a turned jar for the night. His father

wove a cage the next day, and the captive was installed, but remained

wild, and one morning was dead. And then came the time when the boys

of Mesquite-water challenged those of his settlement on a hot, summer

day after the inundation had half dried, and they slung lumps of mud at

each other from the ends of long willow poles.

There were other events that must have fallen soon after this period,

but which he did not remember: when he rolled his hair into long, slim

cylinders, began to measure how nearly it reached his hip, and made his

first advances to girls.

Even before this he had dreamed of Mastamho, gigantic on the peak

Avikwa’me in the great, dark, round house full of peoples; of the

two Ravens singing of dust whirls and war and of the far away clumps

of cane waiting to be cut into flutes; and of the river, drawn from

its source to wash away the ashes and bones of Matavilya where the

pinnacles stand in the gorge at House-post-water. He knew later that he

had dreamed these things as a little boy, even while he was still in

his mother; he did not yet think about them, except when the old man

his grandfather, and his father and uncles, sang of them.

One day a runner came up the valley and shouted pantingly that

strangers had appeared from the east at dawn and killed a woman and two

children at Sand-back, besides wounding a man and his younger brother.

The men leaped for their weapons; the women called in their children,

loaded themselves with property, and soon began to track northward in a

straggling, excited stream. Earth-tongue pulled down his bow and raked

among the roof thatch for such arrows as he could assemble. Then he

joined his kinsmen and male neighbors who stood in a group in front of

one of the shades, exclaiming and pointing at a smoke that rose down

the valley. Bundles of crude, blunt arrows projected behind their hips,

shoved under cord belts; and many had clubs dangling from their wrists.

Earth-tongue did not own a club: he had never seen battle; and he hung

about the outside of the cluster of seasoned men.

Soon, refugees from the nearer settlements began to arrive; and

then a body of fighting men from up the valley, bedaubed for war.

Earth-tongue’s kinsmen merged with them; and as they proceeded south,

growing in numbers, they met ever more women and children, and

finally those from the point of attack, until, not far away in the

cotton-woods, they came upon the men of Sand-back. The enemy were

Halchidhoma from far down-stream, they were now informed, not Walapai

as at first conjectured. They had avoided the river, traversing the

desert to hide in the Walapai mountains and descend at night upon the

nearer tip of the Mohave land. They had long since gone off—sixty

they were said to number, as they were seen to file over the rocks

far above the stream at Pinnacles. They had looted and burnt only the

group of houses at Sand-back, killed the woman, and lightly wounded

with an arrow one of the men who fought back from a distance: the other

reported casualties turned up safe. But the enemy had carried off the

woman’s head, and would dance about its skin. Earth-tongue gazed at

the collapsed houses, their charred posts smoking on the mass of sand;

and that night he watched the beheaded woman’s cremation. There was

much talk of retaliation, but an immediate attack would have found the

Halchidhoma prepared or perhaps removed.

So some months elapsed without a move being made; and meanwhile

Earth-tongue became married. In the turmoil of the Halchidhoma

invasion, as party after party trooped by, he had been attracted by

the sight of a girl, barely but definitely passed out of childhood,

and only a little younger than himself, who halted, leaning under her

laden carrying-frame, behind her mother, as their group paused for

an excited colloquy. He saw that the girl noted his eyes on her and

glanced away, and he knew, from the people she was with, that her name

was Kata. Not long after, he began to find errands or companions that

took him to her settlement. Soon a mutual familiarity of each other’s

presence was established, the purport of which was manifest even

though direct speech between the two young people was infrequent and

brief. Both were shy; until one afternoon a blind old man, the girl’s

father’s uncle, who knew of Earth-tongue’s repeated presence from the

references of the family, addressed him and her directly. “Why do you

not marry?” he said. “Persons do not live long. Soon you will be old

like myself, unable to please yourselves. It is good that you sleep and

play together. You, young man, should stay here the night.” Neither

Earth-tongue nor the girl answered. But he remained through the evening

meal and after; and when the house was dark, went silently to where she

lay. The next day, he stayed on; the day after, returned briefly to his

home; and from then on, spent increasing time at his new abode, where,

without a word having been spoken, he slipped into a more and more

recognized status. He did not work, unless special occasion called,

such as assisting with a seine-net; and Kata only occasionally helped

her relatives farm. Instead, they spent much time together, lolling

under the shade, toying or teasing each other, or listening to their

elders. Sometimes he sang softly as he lay by her, or she bent over him

searching his head or untangling his clustered locks, or tried to draw

the occasional hairs from his face with her teeth; and ever she laughed

more freely. So the days followed one another.

When at last the Mohave were ready, it was announced that they would

once for all destroy the Halchidhoma. The entire nation was to move

and appropriate the enemy land. Soon they started, most of the men

in advance, weaponed and unburdened save for gourds of maize meal at

their hips; water they did not have to carry since they followed the

river. Behind tramped the women, children, and old men, under loads.

Foods, blankets of bark and rabbit fur, fish nets, metates, household

property, and the most necessary pottery vessels were taken. The

remainder of their belongings and stored provisions were buried or

hidden away: every house in the valley stood empty.

For five days they walked. Then the men suddenly surrounded a group of

settlements. These were the houses of the Kohuana, a far down-stream

tribe, wasted by wars with their neighbors, until the pressed remnant

had sought refuge half a day’s journey above the Halchidhoma to whom

they were united, less by positive friendship than by common foes

and parallel fortunes. For the Halchidhoma, too, remembered having

once lived populously among the welter of tribes in the broad bottom

lands below the mouth of the Gila. With the Kohuana the Mohave had no

direct quarrel; and though they arrived armed and overpowering, they

proclaimed themselves kinsmen, and announced that they had come as

guests. By night the Kohuana houses overflowed with the mob of Mohave

families. Kohuana messengers were dispatched to summon the Halchidhoma

to battle at White-spread-rock-place, if they were not afraid. Such

challenge the outnumbered people could not find it in their manhood to

evade. So the next day saw them in line at the appointed field, barely

a hundred strong, against perhaps four hundred that the Mohave mustered

after setting a guard over their families.

Earth-tongue went into battle with much inward excitement, but little

fear, and listened obediently to the admonitions of his seasoned

kinsmen. Even before arrows could reach, the shooting began. Before

long, arrows flew feebly by, and then it became necessary to twist

sharply sidewise to avoid them. At this distance the two lines shot at

each other, taunting and leaping, while, in the rear, half-grown boys

and a few old men helped to gather up and replenish bundles of arrows.

What the Halchidhoma lacked in frequency of shots, they partly made up

in greater openness of target; and before long, struck men began to

withdraw temporarily on each side. The Mohave could have made short

work by charging in a body with their clubs; but they had asked for

an open stand-up fight, and besides found pleasure in the game, which

fell increasingly to their advantage. For hours they sweated in the

sun, gradually and irregularly forcing the Halchidhoma line back, and

shouting whenever one of the foe was carried off.

At last the leaders called that it was time to cease, and defied the

foe to resume in the same spot on the fourth day. Then they trooped

victoriously home, without a fatality, though a few, weakened from

bleeding or with parts of shafts broken off in them, were carried

on the backs of companions. Earth-tongue had been struck twice. One

arrow had grazed the skin of his flank when he became over-confident

and failed to bend his body with sudden enough vigor. Then, one of

three shafts that came toward him almost at once had imbedded itself a

finger-joint’s depth in the front of his thigh, and hung there until

he hastily plucked it out. Neither wound bled profusely, especially

after a bit of charcoal was reached him to rub in for stanching; and he

returned stiff, tired, and proud. The Halchidhoma losses were severer.

None of them appeared to have fallen dead on the field; but at least

half had been struck, and a number so vitally or often that they would

die.

For four days the Mohave treated their wounds, talked of the next

battle, and ate their hosts’ provisions. Then they set out. But the

Halchidhoma had sent their families down-stream and taken up a new

stand farther back. Here they joined once more, and the fight went on

as before but with ever more preponderance to the Mohave, until these,

wearied by the noon sun, contemptuously drew off to the river to drink.

The Halchidhoma seized the occasion to run to their children and women,

set these across the river, and strike east over the desert. When

the victors reappeared, the fugitives were far. The Mohave thereupon

decided to occupy their fields and houses until the dispossessed might

come to drive them out; which the latter, by this time safely received

among the Maricopa far across the desert on the Gila, had no intention

of doing. However, the Mohave lived nearly a year in the land of the

Halchidhoma, adjusting themselves as they could; and returned only as

the next flood and planting time approached, taking the Kohuana along

to settle among themselves, where these enforced visitors remained for

some years.

Before the stay in the Halchidhoma country was over, Earth-tongue

and Kata had drifted apart. The derangement of accustomed residence,

enforced with others, Earth-tongue’s pride as an incipient warrior,

the fact that no child was born, all contributed to separate them

increasingly. Each formed new interests while vaguely jealous of the

other’s; and in the end Earth-tongue brought not Kata but another girl

to his parents’ house.

Soon after his first child was born,—a daughter, called Owich like the

sisters of himself, his father, and his father’s father,—Earth-tongue

grew restless for adventure, and, the time being one of peace, joined

himself to those that would travel. Ten or twenty in number, they would

go out: too few to excite apprehension of treacherous intent, too many

to be made away with safely. Each carried maize, water, his weapons,

and whatever he might wish to trade. On shorter journeys they prided

themselves on being able to travel at a trot four days without food,

and with only such drink as the desert might afford, chewing perhaps a

bit of willow as a relief for the dryness of their mouths. But these

hardships they underwent mostly in emulation, or toward the last of

a return with Mohave land before them. Again and again Earth-tongue

went down the river, through Yuma, Kamia, Halyikwamai, and Cocopa

settlements, to the flat shores of the salt sea; east into the Walapai

mountains and down into the chasm of the Havasupai, where he saw

strange-speaking and strangely dressed Hopi and Navaho, heard of their

stone towns, and brought home their belts and, once, a blanket of white

cotton.

To the northwest he visited the Chemehuevi and other Paiutes about

their scattered springs, and ate their foods of seeds and wild fruits,

some familiar, some strange; and mescal and sometimes deer. Theirs

was a strange language too, but he had heard a little from the few

Chemehuevi who lived at the northern extreme of Mohave valley and

beyond it on Cotton-wood island; and many of his companions could speak

more. They went from Paiute band to band, to where the river no longer

flows from the north but from the east, beyond the Muddy, and found

each group like the last in customs, but of new foods. They listened to

the stories of the Paiute, who dreamed of the mountain Nüvant as the

Mohave do of Avikwa’me, and to whom they sang their songs, which the

Paiute wished to hear.

To the west were many tribes, all different tongued, but mostly easy to

understand a little when one knew Chemehuevi. There were the Vanyume on

their river that dried into nothing and left them always half-starved;

the Hanyuvecha in the range of great pines beyond; northward, about

Three-Mountains, the Kuvahye, adjoined by other mountaineers, little

tribes, unwarlike, friendly to the visitors, some of whom they hailed

as old friends. They offered no smoke, but gave tobacco crushed in

a mortar with shells; which Earth-tongue and his companions ate in

courtesy, and were nearly all made to sweat and vomit violently

thereby. From a crest near here they looked over a vast plain beyond,

in which shimmered what one of his companions said were large lakes.

He had been there and seen the people, who lived in long houses of

rushes,—a hundred fires in line within one house,—and ate rush roots,

and slept on rushes, and at night worms came up and troubled the

sleepers. And in the tumbled range on which they stood, but beyond

them, were the Like-Mohave, a very little like them in speech, but

naked, unkempt, and poor. Them Earth-tongue saw, but not in their own

houses.

And going out again, he traversed the land of the tribes to the

southwest, unfriendly, half-sullen, and dangerous to small parties.

The Hakwicha dug wells and ate mesquite; beyond them were people in

the mountains, about hot springs, who sang to turtle shells instead of

gourds; and still farther, stretching down to the ocean that one could

see from their peaks, lived the Foreign-Kamia, speaking almost like the

real Kamia, but knowing nothing of farmed foods, eating rattle-snakes,

and a hostile lot to venture among. They had some grudges to pay off to

the Mohave for plundered settlements, but were not a people to travel

far from their homes even for revenge.

The Yavapai, too, Earth-tongue came to know, though theirs was not an

attractive country to visit. They dreamed and sang like the Mohave,

but of other animals; and some of their stories were the same. Their

neighbors and friends were the Roaming-Yavapai, a small-statured,

sharp-eyed people, wearing their hair flowing, fierce lance fighters,

taciturn, violent, untrustworthy; but inclined favorably to the Mohave

in spite of the utter unintelligibility of their speech because

they knew them through the Yavapai as traditionally hostile, like

themselves, against the Maricopa and that people of innumerable houses,

the Pima. These last Earth-tongue never came to know save on the field

of battle.

One early summer, as the river was flooding, its rise suddenly stopped.

The inundation being wont to grow in interrupted stages the people

waited quietly for its resumption. But the water fell back and back.

Then some began to declare that it might not rise again, and advised

planting at once before the moist ground should dry: but others

pointed out that high water was yet due, and had often come late, and

that present planting in that case would cause the seed to wash out

and be lost. So nearly all waited with concern and much discussing;

until finally the river was wholly back within its banks and dropping

decisively. Then they knew that nothing more was to be hoped for that

season, and men and women hastened to save what they might of the crop.

But many of the fields had remained untouched by water, and most of

the others were already half dry. In some, the maize and beans never

sprouted; in some they came up indeed, but soon wilted; and though the

women carried water in jars, only small patches could be effectively

served in this hand fashion.

Soon, every one knew that famine impended, and that so few houses would

grow even enough harvest for another seeding, that the year after would

also be hard to survive. They gathered every wisp of wild seed plants

in the uncultivated bottoms; but these wild seeds, too, had come up

thin, and the crop of mesquite pods was pitiful. The women labored

faithfully, and the children watched over the scattered maize; yet

though the grain ripened, the scattered stalks were too few to keep

any house through the winter. Some families did not pick even an ear.

A moon after harvest time, the crop was consumed; by winter, the last

of the other stores. The men fished daily, but the sloughs and ponds

had never filled and were soon seined out, and the river’s yield was

uncertain and far insufficient. Every one was gaunt; the children lay

listlessly about; sickness grew.

Earth-tongue’s wife, and his older brother’s, had planted with

his mother in his father’s ancestral field, which lay low and was

long-proved rich. So they fared better than many. Nevertheless, before

spring the emaciated bodies of two children and an old woman had been

burnt and Earth-tongue had three times sung himself hoarse as they lay

dying.

The young men went out with their bows, and now and then returned with

a bird or gopher or badger, but oftener empty-handed. People who had

new belongings went to the Walapai to trade for mescal and deer meat.

Whole families trudged to visit the Chemehuevi, until they brought back

word that these hosts too were eaten out. At last not a day passed

without columns of smoke from pyres visible somewhere in the valley.

It was a terrible year and long remembered before the end of another

summer brought partial abatement.

So numerous had been the deaths from bowel flux and cough, that shaman

after shaman fell a victim to the anger of the kin of those he had

attempted to save. Yellow-thigh, a powerful man and not very old, had

lost two patients during the famine, and three more at intervals since.

Mutterings were frequent; but no one had found opportunity, or dared,

to work vengeance on him. One morning, Earth-tongue and a friend,

sauntering up valley on some errand, turned to a house before which

Yellow-thigh lay, for those there were kinsmen of his. No men were

about; and as the two visitors stood in the door, his friend on sudden

impulse whispered to Earth-tongue, “Let us kill him.” So they sat down

for a little and passed the news of the day, then arose, Earth-tongue

reaching for his bow and four cross-pointed arrows, with the remark

that they were going to shoot doves. The shaman grunted assent and the

pair passed out.

For a time they traversed the brush, planning the deed. At the

mesa edge they broke two stones to sharp edges, and then returned.

Yellow-thigh lay under the shade-roof with closed eyes, breathing

regularly. The friend went by him to look into the house, and finding

it empty, nodded. Earth-tongue, who had approached, bent suddenly down

and struck with all his might at the sleeper’s head. The shaman pushed

himself to a sitting position as the blood began to pour from the

mangled side of his face. The friend started back, then plunged forward

to finish the man, and swung; but his excited arm brought the weapon

down only on the victim’s knee. Then he staggered off, scarcely able

in fright and emotion to drag his own legs. Earth-tongue, seeing the

shaman still sitting, strode forward again and with both hands drove

the point of the stone through the top of his skull. Two women who had

been going through each other’s hair in the shadow of the brush fence

outside, half turned at the noise and shrieked, while Earth-tongue

dashed after his companion, seized his hand, and dragged him forward.

They ran through the willows and at last lay down to pant in hiding;

and here, after they had quieted, Earth-tongue laughed at his friend’s

faltering stroke and steps. Then they went on, still keeping to cover,

until around the second bend they swam the river.

On the other side, old men were gaming with poles and hoop, and others

watched. The two sat down and looked on. Three times, four times, until

it was early afternoon, the players bet and threw their poles and one

or the other finally took up the stakes. Then Earth-tongue said, “I

have killed a shaman, the large man at Sloping-gravel.”

“Yes, kill him,” answered one of the old men, thinking he was boasting

of an empty intent; and a spectator added, “Indeed, it would be well.

Too many persons are dying.”

“I have killed him,” Earth-tongue said again, and they began to believe

him. So they went to the houses. Soon word came that the shaman

was dead; and then his kinsmen arrived, angry and threatening, and

accusations flew back and forth, while Earth-tongue stood unmoved and

silent but wary. The kinsmen finally challenged to a stick fight the

next day, and withdrew to burn the dead man.

The people of the settlement commended Earth-tongue and promised to

engage for him; and in the morning they and all his kin and the kin

of those whom the shaman had brought to their death, gathered in the

center of a large playing field. Each man carried a willow as thick as

his forearm and reaching to his neck; and in his left hand, a shorter

parrying stick. The challengers appeared, somewhat fewer in number and

with tear-marked faces, but enraging their opponents by crying the

names of their dead parents and grandparents. Then the two bodies,

spreading into irregular lines, rushed at each other. Each man swung

at an antagonist’s head, now with his staff held in one hand, now in

both. Blows beat down on heads through the guard, rained on shoulders,

bruised knuckles, and the willows clashed amid the shouts. Now and

then a staff broke and a contestant ran back to seize a new one. The

fighters sweated, panted, rubbed blood out of their eyes and staggered

forward and back as the lines swayed in the clamor. Once or twice a

maddened fighter, running in under his opponent’s strokes, seized his

hair to belabor him with his parry-club; whereupon shouts of “Bad,

bad! no! no! release!” arose and a multitude of rescuers’ blows drove

him back. The shaman’s side were getting the worst of it, but rallied

again and again without being driven wholly to their end of the field.

Strokes became fewer and feebler. Weary arms could no longer rise.

Fighter after fighter leaned on his stick, or sat on the ground in the

rear. Each side taunted the other to come on again; and at last they

drew apart, every man panting, bruised, and weary, but satisfied at

the damage he had inflicted. No heads had been broken and no one died,

though some were sick for a few days from maggots that had bred in the

scalp under their clotted hair; and then talk died down and the enmity

gradually subsided. Earth-tongue won the praise of all the Mohave who

were not directly involved.

Once, runners came from the Yuma to invite to an attack on the Cocopa

at the mouth of the river. A hundred and twenty Mohave went down.

The kohota or play-chief of the northern Mohave asked for captives,

although he already had several; and Earth-tongue was one of the men

whom he requested to carry food and water for the prisoner’s return

journey, and to guard against their escape.

The Yuma contingent was even larger than the Mohave one; and the attack

was made at daybreak. It was not much of a fight. The first house

entered gave the alarm and the settlement scattered amid yells. Only

two Cocopa were killed by the Yuma and two young women, sisters, called

Night-hawk, captured by the Mohave. The latter stayed with the Yuma

four days to watch the scalp dance; but no one of them having touched

the corpses, they were not in need of purification, and returned home.

The whole tribe came out to escort them to the kohota’s house. There

the captives were made to sit down, while the kohota stood up and

sang Pleiades. Then men and women, facing each other, danced. When

the sun was at its height, they stopped, ate what the kohota’s women

brought out, then lay in the shade or gambled. In the afternoon the

kohota called out a Chutaha singer. Soon the sounding jar began to

boom, the people left off their play, and danced: three rows of young

men with feathers tied in their hair, one row of old men, and two women

standing separate. Then at last, as the sun was coming low, the chief

came with rattles in his hand and at the end of a song shouted: “Let

him sing who wishes to! Let any woman sing! I appoint no one!” Women

grasped the rattles and carried them, one to a Tumanpa singer, others

to those who knew Vinimulya and Vinimulya-hapacha; and one was brought

to Earth-tongue to sing Raven. Soon all four of the dance series were

in progress at different places, while those women who liked Nyohaiva,

having persuaded an old man to sing that, began to revolve about him

standing shoulder to shoulder. As fast as one song ended, the singers

took up another, for the sun had nearly set, and the sweating women

clamored for more, while the crowd of people stood about.

With darkness they stopped to bathe and eat and rest, then danced

again, singing as before and new kinds too, while off on the side, by

the light of a fire, groups of men played hiding game to the Tudhulva

songs through the night. In the morning the kohota had the assemblage

bathe, fed them once more, and sent them home to return two days later.

This time they danced again all evening, all afternoon, and all night.

As the sun rose, the kohota, still singing, took the two captives one

by each hand, and walked toward the river. Behind him came the Tumanpa

and Vinimulya singers, each with his crowd, and then the mass of people

in procession. The kohota, still holding the two girls, ran over the

bank, and every one followed. This made Mohaves of the captives, and

people were no longer afraid of them. The kohota led them back to his

house, where they were to live, and said, “Perhaps these girls will

marry and bear children, who, belonging to both tribes, will make peace

when they grow up, and there will be no more war.” So it came in part.

After two years, one of the sisters married, and soon had a child. The

other continued without husband. In time, formal peace was made between

the Yuma and Cocopa; whereupon the kohota announced, “Since the tribes

are friends now, let us not keep Night-hawk longer.” So a party led her

to the Yuma, where her kinsmen met and escorted her home. Her sister

remained with her Mohave husband.

Earth-tongue was beginning to grow old. His oldest son and one daughter

both had children, and his hair showed first streaks of gray. He

thought more of his youth, and commenced to remember what he had

dreamed then. He knew he had seen Matavilya sick and gradually dying

and burned, and his ashes washed away by the river that Mastamho

made to flow out of the ground. He remembered too Mastamho’s house

on Avikwa’me, with the multitudes inside it in rows like little

children, and Mastamho instructing them; and how he repeated after him,

correctly, until Mastamho said to him, “That is right! You know it! You

have it! I gave it to you!” Then he had dreamed how Sky-rattle-snake

was at last inveigled from his house far in the south ocean, and his

head cut off on Avikwa’me. Earth-tongue saw his joints and blood and

sweat and juices turn into eggs. From these eggs hatched Rattlesnake,

Spider, Scorpion, and Yellow-ant, who went off to Three-Mountains and

remote places, deep in the earth or high in the sky, and from there

built four roads to all tribes. When they wish a man for a friend,

they bite him and take his shadow home with them. “But another road

leads from their house to my heart,” Earth-tongue would say, “and I

know what they do. And I intercept the shadow before Rattlesnake has

led it wholly to Three-Mountains, and sing it back; I break the roads

of spittle that Spider has begun to wind four times around the man’s

heart; and so he lives again.”

Then Earth-tongue commenced to be sent for when people were

bitten—first his relatives, then others. He would stand up at once

and sing to bring a cooling wind; and, reaching the sick person, sing

over him from the north, west, south, and east, but not a fifth time,

lest he die. Then, sending every one away but a wife or mother, and

forbidding all drink, he would sit by the patient all night, singing

his four songs from time to time. In the morning the sick person used

to get up well.

Fighting interrupted these pursuits. It was a summons again from the

Yuma, this time against the Maricopa; and two hundred of the Mohave

responded. The seventh night they were on Maricopa soil and met eighty

Yuma by appointment; and in the morning advanced to attack. But the

Maricopa had got wind of their presence, and when the fight opened were

reënforced by a vast number of the Pima. The Mohave and Yuma exhorted

one another, and though man after man fell, gave ground slowly,

fighting back outnumbered.

At last the enemy ran all in a body against them. Part of the Mohave

broke before the shock and fled to the north, ultimately escaping. But

sixty of them formed with the Yuma on a little knoll near the Gila,

where they stood in a dense mass. As the Pima and Maricopa dashed

against them, they dragged man after man struggling into their midst,

where he was dispatched with fierce club blows on his head or thrusts

into his face. Twice, Earth-tongue leaped out to grasp an opponent

and fling him over his back, thus protecting his own skull, while his

companions beat the struggling foe to death. The fighting grew wilder.

The Pima no longer drew back to shoot but swirled incessantly around

and into the dwindling cluster at bay. At last the shouts ceased; the

dust began to settle; and all but two of the Yuma, and every man of the

sixty Mohave, lay with crushed head or mangled body on foreign earth.

American Indian life · 第 72 / 166 题